The existence of two baths, if not more, in Roman Ankara reveals that a considerable amount of water was needed at least for the working of these baths. However, how and from where this water was supplied is not so clear because of the lack of both archaeological and historical evidence. In this regard, by bringing together all the archaeological data so far discovered and the available published information regarding the water supply scheme in order to see all this data collectively in a single picture, this thesis tries to investigate how and from where the water was supplied to Roman Ankara. In addition, this thesis reviews the available water potential of Ankara considering geography and hydrology of the site and also contains an analysis of how water was supplied in the more recent history of the city which is believed to contain invaluable information regarding the ancient water supply scheme of the city especially when the archaeological data is very scarce.

Almost all the sources on modernism originate material transformations in Western world to industrial revolution while mental ones to enlightenment. In all these narrations, technology, engineering, and modernism are considered as correlated. Besides these concepts, the everyday life rituals that were naturally constructed in the historical process also strengthen this attitude. Then, what are the meanings of the same concepts in a country that experience a reverse process instead of the modernization through industrialization? How new technologies had adapted to local circumstances of an unindustrialized country? While having these questions in mind, this study intends to identify the role of engineer and to reflect on the importance of technology on Turkish modernization project, hence, this dissertation is an historical inquiry into the role played by new building technologies and civil engineering. It covers a broad period extending from late Ottoman to 1960. Among many prestigious building types of engineering such as silos, dams, harbors, factories, railroad etc. that also became popular representations of development, prosperity and modernity, the bridges have been focused on with a particular emphasis because of both their importance for engineering and construction of transportation networks.

This dissertation examines five wooden hypostyle mosques built in Anatolia during the second half of the seventh/thirteenth century: the Sahip Ata Cami in Konya (656/1258) / the Ulu Camis of Afyon (671/1272) and Sivrihisar (673/1274-75) / the Ahi Serefettin Cami in Ankara (689/1289-90) / and the Esrefoglu Cami in Beysehir (696-698/1296-99). It aims primarily to explain how the condition of suzerainty prevailing after the Mongol Conquest in 641/1243 lead to the introduction of a new, wooden type of construction and caused it to proliferate. The dissertation employs a cultural-mode-of-production analysis to understand the circumstances of the type&rsquo / s introduction, with special emphasis on the place of wood in Islamic sacred building, the crisis of Islam after the Conquest, the cultural parameters of Seljuk patronage and the character of Mongol suzerainty.

This thesis aims to analyze the role of railways and railway stations in the construction of the capital city of an industrial empire with reference to the concept of &ldquo / territorialization.&rdquo / The main case is Russia, where the geographical factors are prominent in the creation of the economic, political, social and cultural structure of the country / and the focus of analysis is the city of Moscow, which acted as the center of this structure as connected to its territory by a developed system of railways. The continuous processes of &ldquo / territorialization&rdquo / , &ldquo / deterritorialization&rdquo / and &ldquo / reterritorialization&rdquo / of the Eurasian continent by Russians and the associated nations form the basic spatial backstage of this study. The built environment as basically materialized in the capital city, which serves as the control center of territoriality, and the way how human territoriality in the country and within the capital city are interrelated, are the key issues to be investigated. In this context railways emerged as new media for territorialization in the age of industry. In this study the Russian railways and the Moscow railway stations are analyzed in their positions in the territorial configuration of industrial Russia form the mid-nineteenth century onwards. Moscow as a leading industrial as well as historical and cultural center, was not the capital city when the country introduced the rapid construction of railway network and station buildings. In this study it is claimed that the rise of Moscow to become the capital city is, thus, related with its becoming the center of the Russian railway network.

The evident existence of evil does not appear to be compatible with the traditional theistic view of Divine Justice. On the one hand, in the course of our daily lives we observe that the innocent suffer undeservedly and the wicked prosper abundantly / and on the other we have the religious principle assuring us that God is just. This contradiction which is known as the problem of evil constitutes one of the greatest challenges to theistic religions. Moses Maimonides, the foremost Jewish philosopher of the Middle Ages offers a solution to this problem through his theory of providence. In this thesis, I argue that for Maimonides providence comes in stages and his theodicy is formed by the first two stages of his theory of providence that I take to be comprising of essentially three stages. Given the two seemingly antagonistic positions that comprise the problem of evil, how he reconciles them through the first two stages of his theory of providence by synthesizing creatively the religious and philosophical principles is the subject of this thesis. In this context, I will also consider how he further strengthens his philosophical position through the analysis of a biblical parable, i.e. the Book of Job.

Today, computers enabled architects to represent their ideas in a fast and more efficient way compared to making drawings by hand. It enabled architects to visualize their ideas in a way that hand drawings cannot. This thesis is an attempt to make digital reconstructions to provide the visual experiences of the ancient city Aphrodisias in western Asia Minor and its temple dedicated to divine emperors known as the Sebasteion of Aphrodisias. Its aim is to show that by using common architectural softwares one can overcome the possible problems of graphic representations in the history of architecture. Moreover, this study focuses not only on the interpretations of the data at hand but also demonstrates how the missing information defines and shapes the digital models in order to convey the meaning of the buildings.

The history and ideology of preservation increasingly arouse interest in parallel with the rising importance of the cultural heritage and preserving it. Hagia Sophia is one of the monuments that comes to mind immediately when the cultural heritage of Turkey is mentioned. Both as a Byzantine and an Ottoman ecclesiastical and imperial monument, Hagia Sophia bears political and religious importance besides its artistic and architectural uniqueness, 1500 years after its construction. This study aims to expose the change in the official attitudes towards preserving antiquities in the transition period from the Ottoman Empire to the Turkish Republic, through examining the ideological and physical approaches to Hagia Sophia. In the Late Ottoman Period important leaps about two important components of cultural life, museology and archeology, were realized in terms of both preservation and exposition of the antiquities, besides the political, economical and judicial changes. Thus, the emergence of museological and archeological studies and related legislations in the Late Ottoman Empire Period and their development in the Early Republican Period are examined chronologically in this study. The reasons behind the changes in the usage of Hagia Sophia, from a church to a mosque and then to a museum, are researched in order to understand the ideology of the adaptive re-use and its results while evaluating the impact and meaning of the afterlives. The selected time period is very critical because the changes occurring in the social and political life of the country, together with the change of the ruling power, paved the way for the present situation in Turkey.

The subject of this thesis study is &Ccedil / ukur Hamam, one of the remarkable edifices in Birgi town in &Ouml / demis district of Izmir. The aim of the study is to create a restoration project for &Ccedil / ukur Hamam to provide its survival by integrating its neighbourhood to the social life of the city. During the study the edifice and its periphery was documented carefully by using 3D Laser Scanner. In the historical and comparative study the original status of the edifice was researched. With respect to the data gathered from the studies, a restoration project which includes the intervention decisions for the conservation of the physical condition and authentic elements of the edifice.

Vorwort zum Schwerpunktheft zu Michel Foucault der Deutschen Zeitschrift für Philosophie. Der Meinung Foucaults, dass die Gegenwart nicht festgestellt, sondern erst im kritischen Fragen als Ort der Frage selbst erscheint, widmet sich die Beiträge des Heftes. Sie geben einen Einblick in die Auseinandersetzung mit dem Werk Foucaults in der ganzen Welt.

Meisterdenker zu erfinden ist sicher ein ganz gewöhnlicher Ausdruck von Epigonalität, zumindest seitdem die Philosophie ein Publikum hat. Es ist seit langem ein lesendes Publikum, dessen Meisterdenker also Meisterschreiber. In der Fiktion des Urhebers schließen sich auch gegensätzliche Interessen zusammen; denunziatorische und apologetische Absichten gehen darin konform, kritische und hagiographische Schreibweisen kreuzen sich. So erfahren wir auch von Michel Foucault. Längst ist sein Autorname so anerkannt, daß er zum Sujet eigener Abhandlungen wird. En passant, absatzweise, über Seiten hin ersteht die Figur des Philosophen aus der Lektüre; eine gewisse Aufmerksamkeit wird ungeduldig und drängt zum Ausdruck - so vermehren sich Bücher. Und?, wird man fragen, Foucault wird eben rezipiert, kein Problem! - Foucault?