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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
91

Davidson on metaphor and conceptual schemes

Kotze, H. B. (Hendrik Benjamin) 12 1900 (has links)
Compilation of two papers, the first of which was accepted for publication in the South African Journal of Philosophy in the second half of 2001. / Why metaphors have no meaning : considering metaphoric meaning in Davidson. -- Bare idea of a conceptual scheme : relativism, intercultural communication and Davidson. / Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2000. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: WHY METAPHORS HAVE NO MEANING: CONSIDERING METAPHORIC MEANING IN DAVIDSON Since the publication of Donald Davidson's essay 'What Metaphors Mean' (1984c) - in which he famously asserts that metaphor has no meaning - the views expressed in it have mostly met with criticism: prominently from Mary Hesse and Max Black. This article attempts to explain Davidson's surprise-move regarding metaphor by relating it to elements in the rest of his work in semantics, such as the principle of compositionality, radical interpretation and the principle of charity. I conclude that Davidson's views on metaphor are not only consistent with his semantic theory generally, but that his semantics also depend on these insights. Eventually, the debate regarding Davidson's views on metaphor should be conducted on the level of his views on the nature of semantics, the relationship between language and the world and the possibility of there existing something like conceptual schemes. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: THE BARE IDEA OF A CONCEPTUAL SCHEME: RELATIVISM, INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION AND DAVIDSON Donald Davidson's paper 'On the Very Idea of a Conceptual Scheme' ('OVICS') has become famous for the refutation accomplished in it of conceptual relativism. Via an argument that, essentially, all languages are intertranslatable, Davidson rejects the notion that different conceptual schemes can inhere in the supposed 'un-translatable' languages said to exist by, for instance, Whorf and Kuhn. Critics of Davidson's position have mainly focussed on practical issues, with many holding that his arguments in 'OVICS' ignore the realities of the real intercultural communication situation. In the present paper, I address criticisms of this sort. Davidson's arguments are reconstructed, with attention being paid to their dependence on the idea of practical application in the real intercommunication situation. With the aid of practical examples, the implications of elements of Davidson's philsophy of interpretation for intercultural communication are evaluated. Finally, radical interpretation is presented as a better model for intercultural dialogue than linguistically relativist ones. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: WHY METAPHORS HAVE NO MEANING: CONSIDERING METAPHORIC MEANING IN DAVIDSON Sedert die publikasie van Donald Davidson se opstel 'What Metaphors Mean' (1984c) - waarin hy die berugte stelling maak dat metafoor geen betekenis het nie - is sy sieninge meestal begroet met kritiek, ook van prominente figure soos Mary Hesse en Max Black. Hierdie artikel poog om 'n verduideliking te vind vir Davidson se verassende skuif aangaande metafoor, deur sy sieninge hieroor te kontekstualiseer teen die agtergrond van elemente uit die res van sy werk in semantiek, soos die beginsel van komposisionaliteit, radikale interpretasie en die beginsel van rasionele akkomodasie ('charity'). Ek kom tot die gevolgtrekking dat Davidson se sieninge aangaande metafoor nie slegs naatloos aansluit by sy algemene sieninge aangaande semantiek nie, maar dat die res van sy semantiese teorie ook afhang van sy sieninge aangaande metafoor. Uiteindelik behoort die debat rakende Davidson se sieninge aangaande metafoor gevoer te word op die vlak van die aard van semantiek, die verhouding tussen taal en die werklikheid en die moontlike bestaan van konseptueie skemas. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: THE BARE IDEA OF A CONCEPTUAL SCHEME: RELATIVISM, INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION AND DAVIDSON Donald Davidson se artikel 'On the Very Idea of a Conceptual Scheme' het beroemdheid verwerf as teenargument vir die idee van konseptuele relativisme. By wyse van 'n argument dat alle tale in beginsel vertaalbaar is, verwerp Davidson die idee dat verskillende konseptueie skemas kan skuilgaan in die veronderstelde 'onvertaalbare' tale waarvan daar sprake is by byvoorbeeld Whorf en Kuhn. Kritici van Davidson se posisie beperk hul hoofsaaklik tot praktiese besware en 'n vername aanklag teen Davidson is dat hy die realiteite misken van werklike interkulturele gesprek. In hierdie artikel spreek ek sodanige kritiek aan. Ek herkonstrueer Davidson se argumente en voer aan dat dit deurgaans afhanklik is van die idee van toepassing in 'n praktiese situasie van interkulturele dialoog. By wyse van praktiese voorbeelde evalueer ek die implikasies van Davidson se filosofie van interpretasie vir interkulturele kommunikasie. Laastens bied ek radikale interpretasie aan as 'n beter model vir interkulturele dialoog as linguisties relativistiese modelle.
92

O tempo na sombra da linguagem: Vigilia del Almirante, de Augusto Roa Bastos / Time in the shadow of language: Vigilia del Almirante, by Augusto Roa Bastos

Espindola, Ricardo da Silva 16 September 2013 (has links)
Este estudo tem como objeto de análise o romance Vigilia del Almirante (1992), de Augusto Roa Bastos. O eixo temático e o instrumental teórico da dissertação foram definidos visando à investigação das relações entre realidade e linguagem no âmbito da ficção histórica, mais especificamente, no romance histórico metaficcional, gênero que problematiza sua própria natureza discursiva, assumindo-se como construção linguística e opondo-se diametralmente ao modelo clássico, que prima pela plasmação realista de feitos e processos históricos em uma fábula elaborada de modo verossimilhante e linear. Tal projeto romanesco pode ser sintetizado em uma frase do próprio Roa Bastos extraída de Yo el Supremo (1974): Escribir no significa convertir lo real en palabras sino hacer que la palabra sea real. Enfatiza-se nesta pesquisa o emprego do discurso mítico e da condição de desterro transcendental (cisão entre vida e linguagem) como elementos fundamentais da estrutura de Vigilia del Almirante. Roa Bastos explora a incongruência entre realidade e palavra experimentada pelo Colombo histórico, correlacionando-a com dois outros desterros transcendentais: o de D. Quixote e o da civilização guarani. Além disso, o autor retoma nesta obra algumas construções de Yo el Supremo, romance também estruturado em torno do mito e cujo protagonista, um desterrado transcendental, também é associado ao cavaleiro andante cervantino. Tais escolhas são organizadas de modo a gerar um romance inverossímil, não linear e sem o predomínio da invocação dramática, marcado pela presença de diferentes vozes que se contradizem. Isto faz de Vigilia del Almirante uma obra complexa, ambígua, polifônica e autocrítica, que não se apresenta como única visão possível sobre o tema. Essa estratégia ficcional tem como objetivo questionar as representações e historiografias tradicionais, conservadoras e mitificadoras de Cristóvão Colombo, revelando-as em sua natureza puramente linguística e destituindo-as de seu caráter de verdade absoluta. / This study discusses Augusto Roa Bastoss novel Vigilia del Almirante (1992). The thematic axis and theoretical grounds of this dissertation were established with the purpose of investigating the relations between reality and language in the scope of historical fiction more specifically, in metafictional historical novel, a genre that problematizes its own discursive nature, establishing itself as a linguistic construction and directly opposing the classical model that values a realistic account of historical deeds and processes in a fable that is verisimilarly and linearly developed. This Romanesque project is summarized by Roa Bastos himself, in a sentence extracted from Yo el Supremo (1974): Writing does not mean to turn what is real into words, but to make words real. This research emphasizes the use of mythical discourse and transcendental exile (a rupture between life and language) as fundamental elements of structure in Vigilia del Almirante. Roa Bastos explores the inconsistency between reality and words experienced by the historical Columbus, correlating it to two other transcendental exiles: D. Quixotes and that of the guarani civilization. In addition, in this work the author reuses some constructions from Yo el Supremo, a novel that is also structured around myth and whose protagonist, who is in transcendental exile, is also associated to Cervantes roving rider. These choices are combined to originate an unlikely, non-linear novel, without the predominance of dramatic evocation, marked by the presence of different conflicting voices. This characterizes Vigilia del Almirante as a complete, ambiguous, polyphonic and self-critical work that does not present itself as the only possible standpoint on the theme. This fictional strategy aims to question traditional, conservative and mythicizing portrayals and historiographies on Christopher Columbus, unveiling their purely linguistic nature and not accepting them as a universal truth.
93

Discurso revolucionário na greve geral de São Paulo em 1917

Kist, André Urban 05 April 2018 (has links)
Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2018-08-02T14:40:51Z No. of bitstreams: 1 André Urban Kist_.pdf: 1252387 bytes, checksum: fa2e2e963a2b9d5999b4a962c3a3237a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-02T14:40:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 André Urban Kist_.pdf: 1252387 bytes, checksum: fa2e2e963a2b9d5999b4a962c3a3237a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-05 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Esta pesquisa tem como principal objetivo analisar o discurso produzido pelos militantes d'A Plebe durante a Greve Geral de 1917 em São Paulo. A partir do tema revolução, construímos a distinção entre saber revolucionário e discurso revolucionário, produzindo relações entre estrutura e acontecimento, entre discurso e ruptura. Nessa relação de aproximação e distinção de noções, buscamos aprofundar o olhar analítico acerca das experiências revolucionárias e seus desdobramentos, articulando teorias políticas e discursos narrativos sobre a experiência que é campo empírico da pesquisa, contando a partir de diferentes olhares de interpretadores e agentes da Greve Geral as narrativas desse acontecimento. Finalmente, articulamos tais narrativas sob o construto de discurso revolucionário e o discurso produzido pelo jornal A Plebe, o produto final desta pesquisa. / Esta investigación tiene como principal objetivo analizar el discurso producido por los militantes de A Plebe durante la huelga general – Greve Geral - de 1917 en São Paulo. A partir del tema revolución, estabelecemos la distinción entre saber revolucionario y discurso revolucionario, produciendo relaciones entre estructura y acontecimiento, entre discurso y ruptura. En esta relación de aproximación y distinción de nociones, buscamos profundizar la mirada analítica acerca de las experiencias revolucionarias y sus desdoblamientos, articulando teorías políticas y discursos narrativos desta experiencia que se configuró como campo empírico de la investigación, contando a partir de diferentes miradas de intérpretes y agentes de la Huelga General – Greve Geral - las narrativas de ese acontecimiento. Finalmente, articulamos tales narrativas bajo el constructo de discurso revolucionario e el discurso producido em el periodico A Plebe, producto final desta investigación.
94

Concept homo duplex et individualisme durkheimien

Mongeau, Jean-Luc 11 1900 (has links) (PDF)
Prenant appui sur Les formes élémentaires de la vie religieuse, ce mémoire s'intéresse à la nature et au fonctionnement de l'âme humaine par le biais du concept homo duplex. Esquissé dans l'œuvre de 1912, le syntagme est utilisé dans le cadre d'articles parus en 1913 et 1914. Émile Durkheim y précise aussi le caractère essentiel de toute religion : la vertu dynamogénique. Mettant en scène les composantes collective et individuelle de l'âme, le dualisme durkheimien affirme l'existence de deux systèmes d'états de conscience et de leur interaction. Un premier chapitre a pour objectif de suivre Durkheim dans le cheminement intellectuel qui le conduit à l'utilisation du concept homo duplex. Le second chapitre, aussi fidèle à la production de l'auteur, cherche à donner toute son extension à la notion d'individualisme. Y sont distinguées les unes des autres quatre formes d'individualisme, dont une qui peut être considérée comme typiquement durkheimienne. L'objectif de la démarche est de démontrer que, dans les dernières années de sa vie et dans ses efforts pour élaborer une science des faits moraux, ce fondateur de la sociologie française aurait mis d'avant le concept homo duplex afin d'introduire ses contemporains à une ontologie suggérant une morale individuelle qui va au-delà de la pensée kantienne. Accordant une attention particulière à l'étude de la composante individuelle de l'âme et considérant qu'une confusion à la fois sémantique et conceptuelle peut subsister entre différents types d'individualismes, nous nous proposons de répondre à une question principale : qu'est-ce qui caractérise l'individualisme durkheimien? ______________________________________________________________________________ MOTS-CLÉS DE L’AUTEUR : Durkheim, individualisme, homo duplex, néocriticisme, morale.
95

D. N. SHIPOV AND ZEMSTVO LIBERALISM

Clabby, John Francis January 1979 (has links)
No description available.
96

O tempo na sombra da linguagem: Vigilia del Almirante, de Augusto Roa Bastos / Time in the shadow of language: Vigilia del Almirante, by Augusto Roa Bastos

Ricardo da Silva Espindola 16 September 2013 (has links)
Este estudo tem como objeto de análise o romance Vigilia del Almirante (1992), de Augusto Roa Bastos. O eixo temático e o instrumental teórico da dissertação foram definidos visando à investigação das relações entre realidade e linguagem no âmbito da ficção histórica, mais especificamente, no romance histórico metaficcional, gênero que problematiza sua própria natureza discursiva, assumindo-se como construção linguística e opondo-se diametralmente ao modelo clássico, que prima pela plasmação realista de feitos e processos históricos em uma fábula elaborada de modo verossimilhante e linear. Tal projeto romanesco pode ser sintetizado em uma frase do próprio Roa Bastos extraída de Yo el Supremo (1974): Escribir no significa convertir lo real en palabras sino hacer que la palabra sea real. Enfatiza-se nesta pesquisa o emprego do discurso mítico e da condição de desterro transcendental (cisão entre vida e linguagem) como elementos fundamentais da estrutura de Vigilia del Almirante. Roa Bastos explora a incongruência entre realidade e palavra experimentada pelo Colombo histórico, correlacionando-a com dois outros desterros transcendentais: o de D. Quixote e o da civilização guarani. Além disso, o autor retoma nesta obra algumas construções de Yo el Supremo, romance também estruturado em torno do mito e cujo protagonista, um desterrado transcendental, também é associado ao cavaleiro andante cervantino. Tais escolhas são organizadas de modo a gerar um romance inverossímil, não linear e sem o predomínio da invocação dramática, marcado pela presença de diferentes vozes que se contradizem. Isto faz de Vigilia del Almirante uma obra complexa, ambígua, polifônica e autocrítica, que não se apresenta como única visão possível sobre o tema. Essa estratégia ficcional tem como objetivo questionar as representações e historiografias tradicionais, conservadoras e mitificadoras de Cristóvão Colombo, revelando-as em sua natureza puramente linguística e destituindo-as de seu caráter de verdade absoluta. / This study discusses Augusto Roa Bastoss novel Vigilia del Almirante (1992). The thematic axis and theoretical grounds of this dissertation were established with the purpose of investigating the relations between reality and language in the scope of historical fiction more specifically, in metafictional historical novel, a genre that problematizes its own discursive nature, establishing itself as a linguistic construction and directly opposing the classical model that values a realistic account of historical deeds and processes in a fable that is verisimilarly and linearly developed. This Romanesque project is summarized by Roa Bastos himself, in a sentence extracted from Yo el Supremo (1974): Writing does not mean to turn what is real into words, but to make words real. This research emphasizes the use of mythical discourse and transcendental exile (a rupture between life and language) as fundamental elements of structure in Vigilia del Almirante. Roa Bastos explores the inconsistency between reality and words experienced by the historical Columbus, correlating it to two other transcendental exiles: D. Quixotes and that of the guarani civilization. In addition, in this work the author reuses some constructions from Yo el Supremo, a novel that is also structured around myth and whose protagonist, who is in transcendental exile, is also associated to Cervantes roving rider. These choices are combined to originate an unlikely, non-linear novel, without the predominance of dramatic evocation, marked by the presence of different conflicting voices. This characterizes Vigilia del Almirante as a complete, ambiguous, polyphonic and self-critical work that does not present itself as the only possible standpoint on the theme. This fictional strategy aims to question traditional, conservative and mythicizing portrayals and historiographies on Christopher Columbus, unveiling their purely linguistic nature and not accepting them as a universal truth.
97

Octave Mirbeau et la «Terreur» anarchiste

Moisan, Justin 19 April 2018 (has links)
Ce mémoire présente une analyse du discours médiatique d'Octave Mirbeau à l'époque des attentats anarchistes, en se penchant sur des chroniques publiées entre 1892 et 1894. L'engagement idéologique de Mirbeau, nettement perceptible dans ces articles, est fondé discursivement sur la posture d'un journalisme pamphlétaire. Après avoir relevé et analysé les traits de cette posture, l'étude explore les contraintes de l'actualité sur l'écriture de Mirbeau. Dans son traitement de l'actualité et ses réactions à l'interdiscours médiatique, Mirbeau convoque une série d'éléments de fictionnalisation, qui sont passés en revue et étudiés. Enfin, ce mémoire, s'inscrivant dans une perspective culturelle et littéraire de l'étude des journaux, se penche sur les contours flous de l'imaginaire social de l'anarchisme, tel que le construit Mirbeau.
98

Social, Economic, and Political Implications of Demographic Changes in the Soviet Union Since 1917

Nazempooran, Ali 08 1900 (has links)
This study focuses on a description of demographic trends in the Soviet Union since 1917: changes in the labor force, economic problems, social conditions, rapid urbanization, changes in education and the eudcational level of Soviet citizens. Data available are from secondary sources. This research concludes that the Soviet Union has changed from a rural agricultural to a major industrial power. The population of the Soviet Union has increased since 1917. The rapid change created shortages in housing that still have not been solved. The shortages in consumer goods and clothing are a result of insufficient planning by Soviet leaders. The political implications of all the changes in Sovet lifestyles have been fairly limited. Unless the government solves the problems of availability of housing, food, clothing, and consumer goods, political unrest is the likely outcome.
99

Da sujeição à subjetivação: a literatura como espaço de construção da subjetividade, os casos das obras Úrsula e A Escrava de Maria Firmina dos Reis / From subjection to subjectivity: literature as the subjectivity construction space through Maria Firmina dos Reis\'s works Ursula and Slave

Diogo, Luciana Martins 23 August 2016 (has links)
A presença do negro na literatura brasileira era muito discreta ao longo dos oitocentos. Realidades incontornáveis nas ruas e na estrutura do sistema colonial, eram eles silenciados nos principais romances da época. No entanto, como a presente dissertação pretende mostrar, Maria Firmina dos Reis (1825-1917) desenvolveu em sua produção literária os primeiros personagens negros (escravos ou forros) constituídos enquanto sujeitos na literatura brasileira oitocentista. Assim, em diálogo com estudos que recuperam a produção literária feminina produzida no século XIX, a pesquisa buscou discutir a questão da representação da subjetividade negra na forma literária por meio de uma abordagem metodológica multidisciplinar que articula as contribuições da Crítica Literária, da História e da Sociologia. Para tanto, a presente dissertação centra-se em duas obras da escritora, as quais possuem conteúdos claramente antiescravistas: o romance Úrsula (1859) e o conto A Escrava (1887). / The presence of the black people in Brazilian literature was very discreet during the 19th century. Compelling realities in the streets, and in the structure of the colonial system, they were silenced in the major novels of that time. However, as this dissertation aims to show, Maria Firmina dos Reis (1825-1917) developed in her writings the first black characters (slave or freed slave) constituted as subjects in the Brazilian literature of the nineteenth-century. Thus, in dialogue with studies recovering female literary production produced during that century, this research sought to discuss the issue of black subjectivity representation in literary form through a multidisciplinary methodological approach that articulates the contributions of Literary Criticism, History and Sociology. Therefore, this thesis focuses on two works of the writer, which have clearly anti-slavery content: the novel \"Ursula\" (1859) and the short story \"Escrava\" (1887).
100

Da sujeição à subjetivação: a literatura como espaço de construção da subjetividade, os casos das obras Úrsula e A Escrava de Maria Firmina dos Reis / From subjection to subjectivity: literature as the subjectivity construction space through Maria Firmina dos Reis\'s works Ursula and Slave

Luciana Martins Diogo 23 August 2016 (has links)
A presença do negro na literatura brasileira era muito discreta ao longo dos oitocentos. Realidades incontornáveis nas ruas e na estrutura do sistema colonial, eram eles silenciados nos principais romances da época. No entanto, como a presente dissertação pretende mostrar, Maria Firmina dos Reis (1825-1917) desenvolveu em sua produção literária os primeiros personagens negros (escravos ou forros) constituídos enquanto sujeitos na literatura brasileira oitocentista. Assim, em diálogo com estudos que recuperam a produção literária feminina produzida no século XIX, a pesquisa buscou discutir a questão da representação da subjetividade negra na forma literária por meio de uma abordagem metodológica multidisciplinar que articula as contribuições da Crítica Literária, da História e da Sociologia. Para tanto, a presente dissertação centra-se em duas obras da escritora, as quais possuem conteúdos claramente antiescravistas: o romance Úrsula (1859) e o conto A Escrava (1887). / The presence of the black people in Brazilian literature was very discreet during the 19th century. Compelling realities in the streets, and in the structure of the colonial system, they were silenced in the major novels of that time. However, as this dissertation aims to show, Maria Firmina dos Reis (1825-1917) developed in her writings the first black characters (slave or freed slave) constituted as subjects in the Brazilian literature of the nineteenth-century. Thus, in dialogue with studies recovering female literary production produced during that century, this research sought to discuss the issue of black subjectivity representation in literary form through a multidisciplinary methodological approach that articulates the contributions of Literary Criticism, History and Sociology. Therefore, this thesis focuses on two works of the writer, which have clearly anti-slavery content: the novel \"Ursula\" (1859) and the short story \"Escrava\" (1887).

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