Habilitationsschrift--Literaturwissenschaft--Marburg. / Bibliogr. p. 225-233. Index.

Diss.--Universität Hannover, 1989. / Date d'aprés CIP. Bibliogr. p. 435-449.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-09-26Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:54:39Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000736196.pdf: 679610 bytes, checksum: c808970763371fb83e22c4a4795d3a90 (MD5) / A pesquisa tem como propósito analisar a acepção habermasiana do eu como sujeito cognoscitivo, linguístico e intersubjetivo, parcialmente determinado pela objetividade do mundo, e também as possibilidades e características estabelecidas por Habermas no processo interativo constituinte desse eu, de modo a serem sustentadas relações recíprocas entre identidade do eu e sociedade. O sujeito epistêmico, ao se confrontar com o mundo, estabelece trocas intersubjetivas mediadas pela linguagem, características das relações sociais, as quais gradativamente constituem a normatividade social como identidade coletiva. O problema que se colocou teve como núcleo a relação entre sujeito, linguagem e intersubjetividade, derivando desse núcleo o questionamento básico em torno do qual a pesquisa foi desenvolvida: até que ponto o homem que conhece o mundo interpreta-o dentro de suas limitações, se relaciona com ele e julga seus fenômenos, tem sua identidade determinada pela comunidade, cuja identidade coletiva é mediatizada por convicções oriundas tanto de processos discursivos questionadores da objetividade constante no mundo da vida, quanto de tradições doutrinárias inquestionáveis também constituintes desse mundo? Se a identidade depende de um processo de aprendizagem e interação social, qual a possibilidade de relacioná-la ao conceito de autonomia em seus dois âmbitos (público e privado)? E em que medida se sustenta a razão comunicativa entre normatividade e identidade (do eu e coletiva)? / The research aims to analyze the Habermasian sense of self as subject cognitive, linguistic and intersubjective, partially determined by the objectivity of the world, and also the possibilities and characteristics established by Habermas in the interactive process of constituent self, in order to be sustained reciprocal relations between identity of self and society. The epistemic subject to confront the world establishing intersubjective exchanges mediated by language, characteristics of social relations, which are gradually normalizing social and collective identity. The problem to put together was a core about the relationship between subject, language and intersubjectivity, deriving this questioning basic core around which the research was developed: the extent to which the man that knows the world interprets it within its limitations, it relates to judges and its phenomena, has its identity determined by the community, whose collective identity is mediated by both convictions arising discursive processes of constant questioning of objectivity in the world of life and traditions of doctrinal unquestionable also constituents of this world? If the identity is a process of learning and social interaction, where the possibility of relating it to the concept of autonomy in their two areas (public and private)? And as time goes by is sustained communicative reason between normativity and identity (of self and collective)?

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Vinicius Berlendis de Figueiredo / Dissertaçao (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Filosofia. Defesa: Curitiba, 18/08/2017 / Inclui referências : f. 81-83 / Resumo: O trabalho que desenvolvi nesta dissertação é o de compreender como a categoria de esfera pública desenvolvida por Habermas em seu primeiro livro publicado - A mudança estrutural da esfera pública -, e que o segue em toda sua produção intelectual, pode nos ajudar a entender o presente momento de uma aparente crise do potencial democrático em nossa sociedade. A compreensão adequada da realidade só é possível se detemos conceitos adequados que explicam o seu proceder. Também é objeto de estudo as mudanças conceituais que Habermas teve de operar em seu trabalho para conseguir perceber e conceituar quais áreas estavam bloqueadas para o pensamento crítico, os motivos desse bloqueio e em quais era possível entrever potenciais de emancipação. Habermas não trabalhou sozinho e algumas críticas que lhe foram feitas foram de grande importância para o desenvolvimento de seu trabalho, também contempladas aqui. O objetivo deste trabalho é construir um arcabouço teórico que possibilite a integração na discussão a respeito do estado das democracias ocidentais contemporâneas e seus problemas Palavras-chave: Habermas, esfera pública, crise de legitimação, democracia, agir comunicativo. / Abstract: The work I developed in this dissertation is to understand how the category of the public sphere developed by Habermas in his first published work - The Structural transformation of the Public Sphere -, a category which follows him through all his intellectual work, can help us to comprehend the actual moment of an apparent democratic crisis in our society. The proper comprehension of the reality is only possible if we have the fitting concepts that explains its behavior. It is also our object the conceptual changes which Habermas did in his work to be able to realize and conceptualize in which areas the critical thought was blocked, the reasons for it and in which it was possible to glimpse a possibility of emancipation. Habermas did not worked alone, some of the critics he received were key to the development of his work, and it is also contemplated on this present work. The objective of this work is to build a conceptual framework that gives us the possibility of working our way into the actual discussion on the contemporary occidental democracies and its problems Key words: Habermas, public sphere, legitimation crisis, democracy, communicative action.

Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T23:39:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_9132_Dissertação - Thiago Salles - final (03-07-17).pdf: 829580 bytes, checksum: 0b06edc0e9705cd97c3965cf297edb73 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-05 / A presente dissertação tem como tema central examinar a política fiscal via investimento e via gastos sociais como instrumento anticíclico de regulação da demanda agregada de modo a manter a economia em níveis de atividade tão próximos do pleno emprego. Para tanto, foi resgatado o cenário econômico da Grande Depressão e as suas principais interpretações. A análise deste período de recessão é pertinente, pois foi neste cenário de elevado nível de desemprego, queda da produção e deflação dos preços, que John Maynard Keynes desenvolveu, em 1936, sua principal obra, A Teoria Geral do Emprego, do Juro e da Moeda, doravante Teoria Geral, baseada no princípio da demanda efetiva, em contraposição ao arcabouço teórico da economia ortodoxa, ou seja, a Lei de Say. A partir de então, Keynes verifica que as flutuações cíclicas ocorrem devido à insuficiência de demanda efetiva derivada da queda da eficiência marginal do capital e, assim, legitima a intervenção do Estado na economia através de políticas econômica, principalmente, a política fiscal, via multiplicador, para estabilizar o nível de renda e emprego.

Orientador: Frederico Mathias Mazzucchelli / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Economia / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-03T20:14:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Chavantes_AnaPaula_M.pdf: 719126 bytes, checksum: a9e071af51eb8579a6530b4a208afa7a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004 / Resumo: Nenhuma economia no mundo pode alcançar pujança sem que o organismo bancário esteja preparado para responder às exigências daí decorrentes. É imprescindível para a economia nacional que o setor bancário esteja estruturado e consolidado, pois em caso de crises econômicas endógenas ou exógenas evita-se um impacto ainda mais danoso aos já indesejáveis efeitos de uma eventual crise ao país. O sistema bancário brasileiro, no período da Primeira República, em particular durante a década de 1920, passou por intenso e severo processo de ajustamento como compensação da omissão das autoridades monetárias, que, até o fim do Império, não demonstraram esforços suficientes no sentido de normatizar as atividades bancárias, pois ainda não tinham a real dimensão do papel dos bancos para o bom funcionamento dos fundamentos macroeconômicos. A desorganização do segmento bancário constituiu-se em grande obstáculo à eficiência e à harmonização da estabilidade econômica. Os bancos, quando normatizados de forma correta, são instrumentos importantes para alcançar-se a estabilidade monetária e cambial tão perseguidas pelo governo naqueles anos. É certo que a década de 1920 é caracterizada por estreita relação entre políticas públicas e sistema bancário. Nos primeiros anos desse período, observa-se a presença de gestores econômicos, cuja linha de pensamento estava atrelada à ¿escola bancária¿. Por outro lado, a partir de meados da década, alternaram-se os mentores da política econômica, que abandonaram os paradigmas da escola anterior e retomaram os princípios da ¿escola monetária¿. A partir de 1920, tem-se uma presença mais efetiva do Estado, no que concerne ao estabelecimento de normas, regras, adequada fiscalização e suporte institucional aos bancos privados, nacionais e estrangeiros. Porque o governo passa atuar de modo mais austero a partir da década 1920? Qual a preocupação dos agentes que promoveram a regulação bancária? Quais as medidas implantadas? Quais os efeitos dessas medidas no segmento bancário? A presente dissertação se propõe a investigar essas questões. Este trabalho tem por objetivo demonstrar que a intervenção do governo na economia, mediante a adoção de regulações bancárias durante a década de 1920, foi fundamental para que o sistema bancário no país conseguisse alcançar um grau satisfatório de consolidação e fortalecimento, particularmente das instituições financeiras domésticas, ao término da Primeira República. Esse fato pode ser constatado quando se averigua que, na Crise de 1929, o setor bancário brasileiro sofreu poucos abalos, se comparado às crises financeiras anteriormente ocorridas. Deve-se salientar que a pesquisa concentrará sua ênfase nos bancos comerciais privados . O Banco do Brasil, o maior banco comercial à época com sede na capital federal, terá - no âmbito de sua abordagem - salientado, sobretudo, seu aspecto de instrumento regulador e gerencial do governo. Para uma melhor compreensão dessas questões, tomar-se-á como referência as transformações do setor bancário do Estado de São Paulo ao longo do período. Faz-se necessário salientar que várias das autoridades que formularam as regulações bancárias tinham laços estreitos com o setor bancário paulista. Além disso, não podemos esquecer que, ao contrário do que ocorria com a economia fluminense, o Estado de São Paulo tornava-se a ¿locomotiva¿ da nação. No intuito de demonstrar o intenso desenvolvimento do setor bancário paulista, deve-se ressaltar o fato de que entre 1922 e 1930, enquanto no Estado do Rio de Janeiro foram concedidas 119 cartas patentes autorizando o funcionamento de bancos e casas bancárias (aí incluídas as estatísticas referentes ao Distrito Federal), no mesmo período, o Estado de São Paulo recebeu 353 cartas patentes / Mestrado / Mestre em História Econômica

Orientador: Pedro L. Goergen / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-25T13:16:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Muhl_EldonHenrique_D.pdf: 1301139 bytes, checksum: b789d9048985f48c5acf50b891ab68a6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1999 / Doutorado

Doctorat en philosophie et lettres / info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished

The purpose of this thesis has been to examine the effects of the Great Depression on the rural Cowichan Valley district of Vancouver Island. During the period under consideration the Cowichan area contained a small city which was surrounded by an area of expanding rural settlement, which was in turn encompassed by a vast, heavily timbered hinterland. As a result, it has been possible to view the consequences of the depression on a variety of types of people, and on two of the province's principal economic concerns, namely agriculture and lumbering. The introductory section of the paper gives a brief review of the valley's economic, political and social background from 1850 to 1912. It is contained in the thesis in order to familiarize the reader with the Cowichan region and some of its traditional problems and biases. Chapter I, "The People: a Builder", is a chronological investigation of the political, social and economic developments which took place in the 1920's decade, and is in essence a preparatory chapter, giving pertinent background material to the actual study of the depression. It reveals the slow currents of change which took place in the years following World War I. Many of the problems experienced during the reconstruction period and throughout the post-war depression, particularly in the field of provincial politics, will be seen to fade in importance during the prosperous years toward the end of the decade, only to re-emerge even more forcefully during the thirties. This is particularly true with regard to political disaffections expressed by the farmers of the community. This chapter also reveals the growing importance to the valley's economy of the local lumber industry. Before World War I agriculture was regarded as Cowichan's basic source of income, but by 1929 the forest industry was employing many hundreds of men and distributing thousands of dollars annually in the valley. The first chapter concludes with a review of circumstances in Cowichan as they stood in 1929. The citizens of the district could look back over a decade of ever-increasing prosperity, and look forward to the future with a sense of unbounded optimism. From the quantities of raw material available in the local newspaper, church records, municipal minutes, local histories and government publications, the story of the Winter Years in Cowichan has been gathered. Three years of unemployment, deprivation and suffering, the likes of which had never before been experienced in the valley, were ushered in with the collapse of British Columbia's lumber industry early in 1930. Chapter two gives witness to the gradual deterioration of community life which took place between 1930 and 1934, in spite of the continued efforts of individuals, civic organizations, and the local municipal governments to meet the needs of the ever-increasing number of unemployed. Chapter three relates the story of Cowichan's struggle to throw off the mantle of the Winter Years and to regain the prosperity which the community had enjoyed in 1929. The key to this recovery was discovered in 1934 with the establishment of new world markets for British Columbia's lumber trade. Within a matter of weeks the problems of the depression seemed to belong to the past as the majority of the valley's population began to reap the benefits of the renewed harvest of forest products. It was during this period of recovery, however, that the most forceful reactions were registered in Cowichan against the preceding years of misery and suffering. The old-line political parties were accused of gross inadequacies as the traditionally Conservative Cowichan-Newcastle riding elected a new provincial representative whose platform was based solely on the tenets of the Oxford Group. Unrest was also prevalent among many of the young men who were employed in the local logging camps. They felt that a certain degree of responsibility for the depression lay with the capitalistic "boss-loggers". The men were encouraged in these beliefs by the machinations of a group of militant Communists who had gained control of the province's lumbering and longshoremen's unions. For three consecutive years these men threatened Cowichan's economic recovery by taking the loggers and the longshoremen out on strike in an effort to disrupt production in British Columbia's primary industry. It was only with the settlement of the last of these labour problems in 1936, that the Cowichan area threw off the last vestiges of the depression. The general conclusions reached in this study indicate that while the depression in Cowichan was relatively short-lived, and was not as severe as that experienced in other parts of the province, it did have some very decisive effects. Politically it resulted in a definite swing from right to left, as Cowichan went into the depression a traditionally Conservative riding and emerged supporting the C.C.F. party. Economically, the depression saw the virtual collapse of Cowichan's agricultural economy, while the position of the lumber industry was greatly strengthened. Socially, the depression witnessed many changes. The effect of years of deprivation and uncertainty on the individual was traumatic. For the community as a whole the early 1930's had been a severe test, but in the long run they had resulted in a stronger sense of understanding and solidarity among the varied groups which were included in the valley's population. / Arts, Faculty of / History, Department of / Graduate

The purpose of this thesis is to determine how a group of socially-concerned French-speaking Catholics grouped around l'Ecole Sociale Populaire or E.S.P. of Montreal reacted to the depression. Their importance lay in the fact that they were charged with the task of adapting the Church's organization and teachings to Quebec's changing socio-economic structure. As a result, they had developed by 1930 a network of interlocking organizations and relationships in Quebec and in Europe. The fund of ideas and experiences which the E.S.P. accumulated thereby was disseminated amongst French Canadian elite groups largely through the medium of monthly pamphlets. Thus, when the depression struck and made Montreal, of Canada's urban regions, one of its chief victims, the members of the E.S.P. were put to the test. The misery and insecurity engendered by the collapse of the economic system stimulated a demand for viable solutions and for action. An examination of the pamphlets published by the E.S.P. between 1930 to 1940 indicates that its members were slow in perceiving the causes and effects of the depression. Yet the E.S.P. was quick to mount a campaign to stop the growth, especially in Quebec, of Communism and, for a time, of the Cooperative Commonwealth Federation. Nevertheless, the E.S.P.'s pamphlets reveal that as time went on an increasingly serious split developed amongst its members primarily over the attitude Catholics should adopt towards the existing socio-economic system. The E.S.P.'s programme for dealing with the depression manifested an ambiguous attitude towards the state. On one hand, there seemed to be a fear of too much state intervention and, on the other, there was an acknowledgement that only the state could deal quickly and effectively with the problems created by the depression. Equally important, many members of the E.S.P. favoured long-term structural reforms such as a return to self-sufficient agriculture through a programme of colonization rather than immediate ones. Later, the E.S.P. was to embrace but not with equal fervour the Catholic concept of corporatism as the long-range solution. Another factor which shaped the E.S.P.'s response to the depression was the tendency of its members to consider all proposals and activities primarily in terms of combatting Communism and Socialism. In evaluating their accomplishments, some members of the E.S.P. came to realize that they had enjoyed less than complete success. They appeared to have been most disappointed with the colonization programme and most satisfied with the anti-Communist campaign. A personal assessment of the E.S.P.'s efforts finds its commitment to social justice and to pluralism within the Church to have been its most attractive features. The most unattractive aspect of the E.S.P.'s publications was the tendency on the part of its authors to subordinate all values to the maintenance and expansion of the Church's influence and organization. This tendency helps to explain why the E.S.P.'s proposals and activities did not give due consideration to the mass misery created by the depression and to the power wielded by the economic elite. In turn, this conclusion helps to explain why the E.S.P. did not have a greater impact at this time. Nevertheless the depression seems to have given birth to new conceptions of the role of the Church and of its members. With time these new ideas were to bring about a drastic alteration in the form and substance of the Church. / Arts, Faculty of / History, Department of / Graduate