This study aims to investigate and describe the direction of the ideological development of the Swedish gymnastics association Gymniska Förbundet. Between 1928 and 1932, this organization transformed from a purely gymnastic and cultural association into an influential platform for the production of Swedish nationalist ideology. Based on theories of National Socialism’s formation within modern society, the analysis focus on the conditions regulating Gymniska Förbundets relation to modernity. Thus the study examines the association’s ideas in relationship to the concept of modernity. The analysis shows that the ideological fusion between ideas regarding gymnastics and culture on one hand, and of Swedish racial biologyon the other, provided the conditions needed for an alternative vision of modernity, similar to that which international research has characterized as the blut und boden-ideology. By presenting how and in what ways the Swedish blut und boden-ideology emerged and took shape, the study contributes to the research on the party-politically independent National Socialist ideology in Sweden. Furthermore, the analysis reveals networking strategies and idea transfer within the ideological movement based on wider applications of ideas concerning racial biology.

Tången 2 is a building situated in Stockholm, Sweden. It´s built in the 1930s and contains both residences and businesses. The property owner, Diligentia AB, wants to lower the energy use in Tången 2. This report consists of an energy audit which clarifies the specific circumstances linked to Tången 2. Collected knowledge is then used, together with the results from the literature study, to decide energy measures to proceed with. Result from the energy audit suggests a high potential to lower the energy use. To calculate the potential energy saving of chosen measures, a model of the building was constructed in IDA ICE. Collected data from the energy audit was used as input in the model. Simulation results suggest that there are several possible measures to implement, both constructional and technical. Results from the economical calculations suggest that there´s a connection between energy saving and investment cost. Even though the energy saving potential of a single measure is significant, it´s not cost effective if it consists of a high investment cost. Results from the study are presented as a program of measures that will lower the energy use and save the owner money in the long run. This study shows that even for a building with big energy saving potential, it´s hard to lower the energy use significantly and maintain a profit. The program of measures suggested in this report has an energy saving potential of 11 % and an IRR of 7, 7 %.

This monographic study examines the life of the Australian artist Harry Reade (1927-1998), and his largely overlooked contribution to animation within historical, social, political and cultural contexts of his time. The project constitutes a biography of Reade, tracing his life from his birth in 1927 through to his period of involvement with animation between 1956 and 1969. The biography examines the forces that shaped Reade and the ways in which he tried to shape his world through the medium of animation. It chronicles his experiences as a child living in impoverished conditions during the Great Depression, his early working life, the influence of left wing ideology on his creative development, and his contribution to animation with the Waterside Workers' Federation Film Unit, in Sydney. The study especially focuses on the period between 1961 and 1969 during which Reade supported the Cuban Revolution's social and cultural reform process by writing and directing animated films at the Instituto Cubano del Arte e Industria Cinematográficos (Cuban Institute of the Art and Industry of Cinema - ICAIC), in Havana. The thesis argues that Reade played a significant role in the development of Cuban animation during the early years of the Cuban Revolution. Further, his animated work in this cultural sphere was informed by a network of political alliances and social philosophies that were directly linked to his experiences and creative development in Australia. Theoretical approaches to biographical method and animation studies have been used to provide a cohesive framework for an investigation of Reade's life and animation work. The thesis also draws on Reade's autobiography and his animated works, oral histories, newspaper articles, press cartoons, illustrations, photographs, and official government archival documents. This project also has an archival purpose in collecting and compiling Reade's animation work onto CD.

In the Nordic countries a new and liberal view on marriages came in the mid-1910s. In Sweden a new divorce law, with a no-fault ground proceeded a new marital law in 1920. In the new law both parents had equal rights to the custody of the children. Before this the father automatically got the custody of the children if he wasn’t unfit. From the late 19th century it became more common that the mother got the custody.  In this study I have gone through the testimonies in a divorce process, from 1929 to 1932, where the father, the doctor in Strängnäs, had asked for a divorce an also the custody of the two underage children. In this process both parent mobilize their social network and through the study of their testimony we get a picture of a well-educated middle class family’s life and how the contemporary society’s view on the qualities a good mother and father would have. Also if the testimonies had an impact on the decision of the courts. In Strängnäs the Municipal Court, Rådhusrätten, first ruled in favor for the mother and then granted both parents the custody of one child each, a boy and a girl, based on the children’s gender. Both parents appealed to a higher court, Svea hovrätt, which ruled in favor of the mother based on the children’s age and well-being.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Baseada na escassa fortuna crítica de Dyonélio Machado (1895-1985), esta dissertação estabelece uma análise multifocal de seu romance mais conhecido, Os ratos (1935). Em três ensaios, é discutida a importância do escritor no cenário literário nacional até os dias de hoje e a análise crítica da sociedade brasileira da década de 1930 que apresenta em sua obra, sob o enfoque de seu protagonista Naziazeno Barbosa, um funcionário público de classe média, sempre às voltas com questões financeiras, que acabam indo muito além / Based on the scarce critical fortune of the brazilian writer Dyonélio Machado (1895-1985), this study establishes a multifocal analyses of his most noted novel Os ratos (1935). In three essays are discussed the writers role in the brazilian literary panorama until nowadays and the critical analyses of the brazilian society in the 1930s, put forward by his work from the protagonists point of view. Naziazeno Barbosa is a civil servant from de middle class who is always dealing with financial issues, bringing on many other matters

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / Baseada na escassa fortuna crítica de Dyonélio Machado (1895-1985), esta dissertação estabelece uma análise multifocal de seu romance mais conhecido, Os ratos (1935). Em três ensaios, é discutida a importância do escritor no cenário literário nacional até os dias de hoje e a análise crítica da sociedade brasileira da década de 1930 que apresenta em sua obra, sob o enfoque de seu protagonista Naziazeno Barbosa, um funcionário público de classe média, sempre às voltas com questões financeiras, que acabam indo muito além / Based on the scarce critical fortune of the brazilian writer Dyonélio Machado (1895-1985), this study establishes a multifocal analyses of his most noted novel Os ratos (1935). In three essays are discussed the writers role in the brazilian literary panorama until nowadays and the critical analyses of the brazilian society in the 1930s, put forward by his work from the protagonists point of view. Naziazeno Barbosa is a civil servant from de middle class who is always dealing with financial issues, bringing on many other matters

Disertation ``The work of poets from the group around Kamil Bednář{\crqq} deals with a group of writers, which formed between 1930s and 1940s around the mentioned poet, who was considered to be the spokesman of his generation, which was labelled as ``protectoral{\crqq}. The author will try to explain the historical background of this group`s work in the context of Czech literature of the 1940s. The author will also study the crisis of this group during World War II, its gradual decline in the post-war period and its definite end after the takeover in February in 1948. The author will be concerned only with those poets, and their poetic and theoretical work, who became involved in the discussion about the young generation and its poetry. The author will try to clarify the idea and the conception of {\clqq}naked human``, which implied, that it may be considered to be the program of young arrtists, or, at least, to be their mutual base. The author will mainly focus on three most interesting poets {--} Kamil Bednář, Hanuš Bonn and first of all, Jiří Orten. The author will take notice of the similarities, differences and also the existential phenomena, which are usually connected with the group around Kamil Bednář. Jiří Orten will appear to be the most tallented , the most inspirative and probably also the closest to philospophical existentialism. There are special chapters devoted to Jarní almanach básnický (Spring poetic almanac), which is a generational performance of young poets; Kritický měsíčník (Critical monthly) {--} a magazine, edited by Václav Černý, which provided space for the poets around Kamil Bednář and Ohnice (White Charlock) , which was the last act of the fading group. The author will also mention briefly the penetration of existentialism to Bohemia.

Submitted by Márcio Ropke (ropke13marcio@gmail.com) on 2017-02-20T12:34:12Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertação Fernando Lima 25-03-2014.pdf: 2558598 bytes, checksum: 13c979974329ee9ff4e9d52a99bf4a31 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2017-02-22T18:39:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação Fernando Lima 25-03-2014.pdf: 2558598 bytes, checksum: 13c979974329ee9ff4e9d52a99bf4a31 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Aline Batista (alinehb.ufpel@gmail.com) on 2017-02-22T18:42:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação Fernando Lima 25-03-2014.pdf: 2558598 bytes, checksum: 13c979974329ee9ff4e9d52a99bf4a31 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-02-22T18:42:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação Fernando Lima 25-03-2014.pdf: 2558598 bytes, checksum: 13c979974329ee9ff4e9d52a99bf4a31 (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-28 / Sem bolsa / Os anos 1930 reservam uma quantidade significativa de acontecimentos marcantes para o futebol, tais como o processo de profissionalização, a constituição ou consolidação das rivalidades e as constantes brigas. Estas características singulares, adicionadas a um espaço de proliferação na sociedade brasileira faz desta década um período importante para o esporte. Em meio a este cenário, os clubes da cidade de Rio Grande/RS chegaram a suas maiores façanhas futebolísticas, os três campeonatos estaduais, nos anos de 1933, 1936 e 1939. A proposta deste estudo foi investigar e contextualizar a prática futebolística na cidade nesta época, problematizando os seus principais componentes (estádios, assistências aos jogos, excursões, etc.) e analisando as peculiaridades que envolviam os maiores clubes da cidade. Para alcançar esses objetivos, utilizamos o jornal “O Tempo” - periódico de circulação local no período pesquisado - como a principal fonte de dados. Foram analisados os exemplares entre 1° de janeiro de 1930 e 28 de janeiro de 1940. Com esta pesquisa, observamos que os riograndinos estavam inseridos no âmbito futebolístico em suas diversas singularidades. A proliferação do futebol pode ser notada pela grande repercussão nos jornais e nos inúmeros clubes/times espalhados pela cidade, as rivalidades e brigas entre os principais clubes locais e destes com os clubes da cidade de Pelotas são assuntos recorrentes durante toda a década pesquisada, já o profissionalismo, aparece de maneira mais discreta e encoberta, mas, também é um tema relevante no âmbito local. Por fim, identificamos que estas singularidades fizeram parte da estrutura, da organização e das conquistas do futebol local na década pesquisada, tornado-se um período relevante para o futebol riograndino. / The 1930 reserve a significant amount of significant events for football, such as the professionalization process, constitution or consolidation of rivalries and constant fighting. These special features, added to a place of spread in Brazilian society do an exponent of this decade period for the sport. Among this scenario, the clubs of the city of Rio Grande / RS have reached its greatest footballing feats, three state championships in the years 1933, 1936 and 1939. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate and contextualize the football practice in the city this season and questioning the main components (stadiums, assistance the games, excursions, etc...) and analyzing the peculiarities that involved the biggest clubs in the city. Order to achieve our objectives we used the newspaper "O Tempo" - periodic local circulation in the period surveyed - as the main data source. The samples between 1 January 1930 and 28 January 1940 were analyzed. Through this study, we found that riograndinos were inserted in the football context in its many singularities. The football proliferation may be seen by great repercussion in newspapers and numerous clubs / teams scattered around the city, rivalries and fights among the main local clubs and these clubs with the city of Pelotas are recurring subjects throughout the decade studied, on the other hand, the professionalism appears the most discreet and covert way, but is also a relevant issue at your local. Finally, we identified that these singularities have been part of the structure, organization and achievements of local football in the decade studied, becoming a relevant period for riograndino football.

This thesis considers how understandings of the sexed body changed in Britain during the 1930s. Popular versions of sex changeability were grounded in medical science and I examine how medico-scientific research into hormones changed understandings of where sex was located in the body. I examine the historically specific concept of normality, which medics employed to ascertain whether or not individuals ought to have their sex reclassified. I focus on L. R. Broster, a surgeon at London’s Charing Cross Hospital. I analyse Broster’s case studies, published in 1938 as The Adrenal Cortex and Intersexuality, which showed the markers medical professionals were using to assign sex. The thesis investigates how Broster’s work in the burgeoning field of endocrinology generated distinctive narratives of sexual mutability and locatedness in the body. Broster was an important figure in the press stories about changes of sex and provides a link between them and the medical research occurring at Charing Cross. During the 1930s the popular daily, local and Sunday newspapers contained numerous articles about individuals whose sex had changed. These accounts were treated in a mostly positive tone and were held up as being symptomatic of scientific modernity. I argue that this concept of ‘sex change’ does not neatly map on to present day categories, be they intersexuality, transsexuality, transgender or any other. Older categories such as that of the ‘man-woman’ persisted into the 1930s as a way to conceive of sexual ambiguity and changeability. That sex could change, and in particular that women could become men, was an idea that had a wide reach across popular culture. New concepts of hormones and of sex change were also taken up in special- interest magazines, adverts, fiction and popular science. I explore the dissemination of ideas about sex changeability and the role of hormones beyond the press and medical studies to show their pervasiveness. I pay particular attention to two very different magazines, Urania and London Life. These magazines extended the life of articles about changes of sex by reprinting and recontextualising them. They point to the interest that such stories attracted and the ways in which they were harnessed to competing ideological ends. Women's increased participation in sport also changed understandings of the sexed body, having an impact on gender roles and the sexed and gendered meanings ascribed to physical features such as muscles. Women’s athleticism suggested that competitiveness could also be a female trait, and that muscularity was not exclusively male. I consider how the achievements of sportswomen, and the more typically masculine bodies they developed, challenged the received differences between men and women. Attention to the sexed body as a site of cultural concern expands the remit of queer historiography beyond sexual identities and practices. I argue that scientific developments and popular culture coalesced to create an environment in which sex characteristics were not fixed and the sexed body was seen as mutable.

The work reflects one of the most popular fictional character of the first half of the 1930s, Pepina Rejholcová. Pepina Rejholcová, whose author Frantisek Voborsky, an important personality of Czech comics, has appeared in the Czech press at the turn of the 1920s and 1930s - first as a side character of humorous drawings or illustrations for popular song lyrics. Soon after, she reappeared on the silver screen, on pages of children's books, or in children's rooms in the form of toys and sweets. The transformations of the originally illustrated archetype caused by the switch among the various media are the center of interest for this work. In this context, the aspects of intermediality and transmediality are examined, both in special and general terms. It is mainly the extent to which the originally cartoon character changes, and whether the content of the message, the narrative patterns and the concept of humor is changing as well. In broader context, the work is a contribution to the theme of media and institutional integration. The work is divided into five parts and a conclusion. The first part outlines the theoretical viewpoints, the second part is devoted to Pepina Rejholcova's character, the third part reflects media representations, the fourth discusses essential characteristics of typical...