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Part I, A search for organic compounds as colorimetric analytical reagents for inorganic ions ; Part II, Bz.2 oxybenzanthrone as an acid-base indicatorWrenn, Wilbur Hopkins January 1941 (has links)
The purpose of this investigation may be summarized as follows:
(1) Search for new colorimetric organic reagents.
(2) Discovery of any organic compound that shows properties of an indicator.
(3) Discovery of any organic compound that shows properties of an oxidizing or reducing agent.
(4) Discovery of any other information that may be of analytical importance. / M.S.
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A study of the copper oxide-aluminum oxide catalysts for the oxidation of carbon monoxideDavis, Raymond T. January 1941 (has links)
The purpose of this study was to investigate the supported catalyst of the type CuO-Al₂O₃ which has been described by Lockwood and Frazer (13). This type of catalyst is unique in that it has a high activity at low temperatures, is suitable for use at high temperatures and has been reported to be truly catalytic in the oxidation of carbon monoxide.
Lockwood and Frazer (15) have described the preparation of a catalyst of this type. Their description of the method of preparation and of the quantities of materials used is rather inadequate for an exact duplication of the catalyst which they prepared and studied.
The method of procedure used in the study of this catalyst has been to vary both the composition and heat treatment of the catalysts and to observe the subsequent change in catalytic activity.
1. Increasing the copper oxide content of the copper oxide-aluminum catalysts increases the activity of the catalysts at least over the composition range studied.
2. Increasing the temperature to which the copper oxide-aluminum oxide catalysts are heated increases the activity.
3. The temperatures required for the catalysts to exhibit 100% activity are all above 270°C.
4. It was found impossible to reproduce the copper oxide-aluminum catalyst which was prepared by Lockwood and Frazer.
5. A catalyst prepared from pure copper oxide was more active than any of the catalysts which were studied. / M.S.
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De republica secundum Franciscum de VitoriaGutierrez, Florentino 05 March 2019 (has links)
Esdix co ait lord a «et immaterial itae. lia..- 3o:r , . qu.tonua occmame, quod est finis Societatis Civilis est aliquid specifice diversum a summa bonorum individualium. Illa.- Secitndtoa nentor; " . Thonaa actio ceouudtn proprie u rt " io nor, motionis non pttit wuleotur. inhaegionis, sed e-namtlonls, ita quod ad denominandum allq> 1<? n is nor mooideno ce habeat, quod inh creat. Vere tanen et in rc actio c snmna duplicor formalitato- debet importarot, quarum âna ao- tuet ot inhaereat in a, ente, alter : -, torxino et , adianta termino in passo, ui ; ominuc sit aliquid inde endens." (J. a Sto. Ttoma, Cursus Phil., te. Il, P. I, q. XIV, a. IV.) IVa..- " Craa-tu rr corporalis a ei quod er; c tie eoapoalta potentia et aotuj quuo potentia et actus ordinia essentiae materiae et formae nominibus designatur/' Va., .- " quantitate signata materia principium est i»ilvidi..a...ionis, id est nu- raarloae distinctionis (quae in puris spiritibus esse non potest; unius individui ab alio in eadem nature, specifica." / Montréal Trigonix inc. 2018
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Les débuts de la carrière d'Ernest Lapointe, 1904-1919Bernier, Paul 11 April 2018 (has links)
Québec Université Laval, Bibliothèque 2012
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La création esthétique comme nouveauté radicale : développements à partir de BergsonGarceau, Jean-Sébastien 16 April 2018 (has links)
Ce travail porte sur le concept de création chez Bergson appliqué à l'art. Pour comprendre véritablement de quoi il s'agit, on explique l'avènement de ce thème à travers d'abord l'acte libre qui est abordé dès le premier livre de Bergson. L'ensemble de la démarche théorique de Bergson s'appuie sur une conception du temps différente de l'espace, soit un temps vécu, qualitatif que l'on exprime par le concept de durée. C'est la durée qui nous fait repenser l'acte libre en soulignant le danger d'une représentation spatiale d'une décision à venir, comme s'il fallait cristalliser toute décision dans un instant après une délibération précise. L'acte libre prend bien racine dans le passé, mais elle apporte du nouveau, de l'inédit qui nous change et nous transforme. L'individu après l'acte libre n'est plus le même, un nouveau mouvement s'y est intégré : il s'est créé au passage. De l'acte libre on passe à la création comme telle avec l'apport de nouveaux développements chez Bergson, notamment par une précision entre la direction de la matière qu'on associe aux mécanismes et la direction de la vie qui exprime la spontanéité, l'activité et la création. Le terme de direction est bien choisi, car on tente moins de voir deux choses que deux tendances opposées dans la vie, l'une appuyant sur l'endormissement et la sécurité, l'autre appuyant sur l'activité et ultimement. la création. On applique ces développements à l'art en se figurant deux tendances : l'une menant vers un art technique qui se résume à une recette impersonnelle, l'autre menant vers l'art du génie personnel, empreint d'une émotion vivante et créatrice. Finalement, on examine chacun des arts en partant de celui dont le médium est de part en part temporel, la musique, à l'art solide de grande échelle qu'est l'architecture. Les médiums de chaque art ont des caractéristiques qui en orientent la création. La notion de rythme, qui rappelle la durée, est fondamentale en musique, en poésie, au théâtre et à la littérature et même, jusqu'à un certain point dans l'architecture. Certains arts ont en outre la capacité de dire, de développer des idées. Ce n'est point un détail insignifiant, car le message a l'avantage d'être plus accessible, mais on y perd un peu la capacité à répéter, à rythmer en répétant. Dans tous les cas. l'art semble bien être inépuisable tout comme la vie.
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L'interliaison des concepts de durée et d'élan vital dans l'œuvre métaphysique d'Henri BergsonEast, Georges 01 October 2021 (has links)
Les difficultés métaphysiques soulevées par le dualisme d'une réalité présentant deux aspects spirituel et matériel, de même que le problème de !'Evolution universelle qui implique l'existence d'une force créatrice et d'une mémoire, trouvent dans la philosophie d'Henri Bergson des solutions qui s'élaborent à partir du concept fondamental de cette philosophie à savoir, l'intuition de la durée. C'est en effet par ce regard métaphysique de la durée que nous sommes en mesure d'établir la modalité des rapports entre l'intuition et l'analyse; entre l'âme et le corps; et enfin entre l'évolution et ses phénomènes dans la nature.
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Éthique de la terre qu'on cultive : perspectives d'Aldo Leopold et de John Baird Callicott sur l'agricultureBélisle-Richard, Aurélie 24 October 2024 (has links)
Dénonçant dès le début de sa carrière une dégradation catastrophique de la fertilité des sols, de la diversité biologique et de la disponibilité de l'eau douce au sud-ouest des États-Unis, Aldo Leopold propose une nouvelle voie originale pour le mouvement de conservation de la nature. Il développe une éthique de la terre qui redonne sa juste part de responsabilité aux propriétaires privés, qui doivent viser un usage de la terre en harmonie avec celle-ci. De ce point de vue, l'éthique de la terre semble tout indiquée pour guider un usage écologique de la terre qu'on cultive. En effet, la terre en usage agricole est à l'intersection de l'humanité et la nature. Toutefois, John Baird Callicott, commentateur et ardent défenseur de la valeur philosophique de l'éthique de la terre de Leopold, a peu traité de la posture de ce dernier sur l'agriculture. Paul B. Thompson accuse non seulement Callicott, mais la plupart des philosophes de l'environnement américains de se désintéresser des questions agricoles, au moins jusqu'à la décennie 1990. Quelle est la source de ce divorce apparent entre l'agriculture et l'éthique environnementale ? Comment l'éthique de la terre de Leopold peut-elle guider un usage des terres qu'on cultive ? En réexaminant les textes de Leopold, sa conception de la terre comme communauté biotique, sa maxime morale de l'éthique de la terre et son idéal du *husbandry*, on voit se dessiner un ensemble de savoirs et de savoir-faire qui construisent une relation riche à la terre. À travers le regard de Leopold, un regard aiguisé par l'immersion dans la communauté biotique, on aperçoit une esquisse d'une agriculture biotique et d'une éthique de la terre qu'on cultive. / Early in his career, Aldo Leopold exposes a catastrophic degradation of soil fertility, biological diversity and freshwater availability in the southwestern United States. Many years later, he suggests a new path forward for the nature conservation movement, a land ethic that hands back their share of responsibilities to private landowners, who must aim for harmony between man and land. In this perspective, a land ethic could be a promising way to guide an ecological use of agricultural land. Indeed, farmland is at the intersection of humanity and nature. However, John Baird Callicott, who passionately advocated the philosophical value of Leopold's land ethic, wrote very little about Leopold's stance on agriculture. Paul B. Thompson accuses not only Callicott, but most American environmental philosophers of showing little to no interest to agricultural issues, at least until de 1990s. How can the apparent chasm between agriculture and environmental ethics be explained? How can Leopold's land ethic guide our use of agricultural land? By re-examining Leopold's texts, his concept of land as a biotic community, the land ethic moral maxim and his ideal of husbandry, we begin to understand how the right knowledge and know-how leads us to a closer and richer relationship to land. Through Leopold's gaze, a gaze sharpened by immersion in the biotic community, we begin to see a sketch of a biotic agriculture and of a land ethic applied to agriculture.
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A construção do território. Abstração e natureza nas obras de Luis Barragán, Álvaro Siza e Tadao Ando / Construction of the territory. Abstraction and nature in the works of Luis Barrágan, Álvaro Siza and Tadao AndoJuan Pablo Rosenberg 07 June 2016 (has links)
Este estudo propõe uma leitura sobre a poética arquitetônica nas obras de Luis Barragán, Alvaro Siza e Tadao Ando, a partir do elo que estabelecem no binômio construção-natureza.Tomando de suas produções projetos emblemáticos dessa relação, encontramos \"lugares arquitetônicos puros\" (HUET, 1979) que restituem o caráter ontológico da disciplina ao evocarem, nessa fronteira última da arquitetura, questões primordiais da existência humana. No diálogo que propõem entre localidade e síntese moderna, essas \"construções do lugar\" nos revelam, mais do que posturas críticas, inquietudes - ou obsessões - de seus criadores, as quais se concretizam na experiência fenomenológica das obras, por meio da \"desmaterialização\" da própria arquitetura.Barragán, em Los Clubes (1964-1968) - Cuadra San Cristóbal e a Fuente de los Amantes -, impõe agudos contrastes à paisagem para então dissolvê-los, numa \"realidade fantástica\" que consuma a improvável comunhão entre fé católica e desejo erótico; na Piscina de Leça da Palmeira Siza narra o retorno do Homem à Natureza, num \"discurso da técnica\" que desfaz, no caminho entre a cidade e a praia, o muro de concreto em areia e pedra; no Templo da Água, Tadao Ando estabelece um percurso do profano ao sagrado - da razão ocidental à espiritualidade oriental -, pela transmutação simbólica da forma geométrica, regida por vazios radicalmente disponíveis (Ma).Cada capítulo circunscreve individualmente um arquiteto e sua obra por meio de três aproximações sequenciais: inicia com as impressões da visita à obra; passa a pela genealogia da imaginação e formação da linguagem; e fecha o ciclo retornando ao projeto, analisado a partir dos desenhos e dos dados coletados ao longo da pesquisa. Pretendemos, assim, criar uma ponte entre o desígnio projetivo e a expressão obra, para identificar, nesse trajeto, os recursos poético-arquitetônicos utilizados. Na conclusão, são gerados cruzamentos horizontais entre as diferentes manifestações desses recursos nas obras - percurso, muro, água, luz etc. - como tentativa de contribuir para o léxico poético da disciplina. / This study proposes a reading of architectural poetics on the works of Luis Barragán, Alvaro Siza and Tadao Ando, departing from the link that each of them establish on the binomal construction-nature. Considering among their productions the emblematic projects of such a relationship, we can find pure architectonic places (HUET, 1979) that restore the ontological character of the discipline, evoking, through this last frontier of architecture, universal issues of the human existence. In the dialogue they propose between place and modern synthesis, those \"site constructions\" thus reveal rather than critic positions, but basic and primordial disquietudes - or obsessions - from their creators. Those disquietudes become concrete in the phenomenological experience of the place, in the very same \"dematerialization\" of architecture.Barragán, in Los Clubes (1964-1968) - Cuadra San Cristóbal and Fuente de los Amantes -, imposes sharp contrasts to the landscape to then dissolve them in a \"fantastic reality\" that consummates the unlikely match between catholic faith and erotic desire; in Leça da Palmeira Swimming Pool, Siza tells, by a \"technical speech\", the return of Man towards Nature, in a liturgic procedure that undoes, between the city and the beach, the concrete wall into sand and stone; on the Water Temple, Tadao Ando establishes a path from the profane towards the sacred - from the occidental reasoning to the oriental spirituality -, through the symbolic transmutation of the form along radically available spaces (Ma). Each chapter individually circumscribes one architect and his work through three sequential proxies: it begins with the impressions obtained in site visits; then goes through a genealogy of the imagination and the formation of the language; and closes the circle returning to the project, aproached through the drawings and data collected during the research. The goal then, is to create a bridge between the project intentions and the expression of the work, to identify, along this path, the poetic architectural resources that were used. In the conclusion, horizontal crossings are created between different expressions of those resources on the constructions - pathway, wall, water, light etc. - as a way to try to contribute to the poetic lexicon of the discipline.
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A construção do território. Abstração e natureza nas obras de Luis Barragán, Álvaro Siza e Tadao Ando / Construction of the territory. Abstraction and nature in the works of Luis Barrágan, Álvaro Siza and Tadao AndoRosenberg, Juan Pablo 07 June 2016 (has links)
Este estudo propõe uma leitura sobre a poética arquitetônica nas obras de Luis Barragán, Alvaro Siza e Tadao Ando, a partir do elo que estabelecem no binômio construção-natureza.Tomando de suas produções projetos emblemáticos dessa relação, encontramos \"lugares arquitetônicos puros\" (HUET, 1979) que restituem o caráter ontológico da disciplina ao evocarem, nessa fronteira última da arquitetura, questões primordiais da existência humana. No diálogo que propõem entre localidade e síntese moderna, essas \"construções do lugar\" nos revelam, mais do que posturas críticas, inquietudes - ou obsessões - de seus criadores, as quais se concretizam na experiência fenomenológica das obras, por meio da \"desmaterialização\" da própria arquitetura.Barragán, em Los Clubes (1964-1968) - Cuadra San Cristóbal e a Fuente de los Amantes -, impõe agudos contrastes à paisagem para então dissolvê-los, numa \"realidade fantástica\" que consuma a improvável comunhão entre fé católica e desejo erótico; na Piscina de Leça da Palmeira Siza narra o retorno do Homem à Natureza, num \"discurso da técnica\" que desfaz, no caminho entre a cidade e a praia, o muro de concreto em areia e pedra; no Templo da Água, Tadao Ando estabelece um percurso do profano ao sagrado - da razão ocidental à espiritualidade oriental -, pela transmutação simbólica da forma geométrica, regida por vazios radicalmente disponíveis (Ma).Cada capítulo circunscreve individualmente um arquiteto e sua obra por meio de três aproximações sequenciais: inicia com as impressões da visita à obra; passa a pela genealogia da imaginação e formação da linguagem; e fecha o ciclo retornando ao projeto, analisado a partir dos desenhos e dos dados coletados ao longo da pesquisa. Pretendemos, assim, criar uma ponte entre o desígnio projetivo e a expressão obra, para identificar, nesse trajeto, os recursos poético-arquitetônicos utilizados. Na conclusão, são gerados cruzamentos horizontais entre as diferentes manifestações desses recursos nas obras - percurso, muro, água, luz etc. - como tentativa de contribuir para o léxico poético da disciplina. / This study proposes a reading of architectural poetics on the works of Luis Barragán, Alvaro Siza and Tadao Ando, departing from the link that each of them establish on the binomal construction-nature. Considering among their productions the emblematic projects of such a relationship, we can find pure architectonic places (HUET, 1979) that restore the ontological character of the discipline, evoking, through this last frontier of architecture, universal issues of the human existence. In the dialogue they propose between place and modern synthesis, those \"site constructions\" thus reveal rather than critic positions, but basic and primordial disquietudes - or obsessions - from their creators. Those disquietudes become concrete in the phenomenological experience of the place, in the very same \"dematerialization\" of architecture.Barragán, in Los Clubes (1964-1968) - Cuadra San Cristóbal and Fuente de los Amantes -, imposes sharp contrasts to the landscape to then dissolve them in a \"fantastic reality\" that consummates the unlikely match between catholic faith and erotic desire; in Leça da Palmeira Swimming Pool, Siza tells, by a \"technical speech\", the return of Man towards Nature, in a liturgic procedure that undoes, between the city and the beach, the concrete wall into sand and stone; on the Water Temple, Tadao Ando establishes a path from the profane towards the sacred - from the occidental reasoning to the oriental spirituality -, through the symbolic transmutation of the form along radically available spaces (Ma). Each chapter individually circumscribes one architect and his work through three sequential proxies: it begins with the impressions obtained in site visits; then goes through a genealogy of the imagination and the formation of the language; and closes the circle returning to the project, aproached through the drawings and data collected during the research. The goal then, is to create a bridge between the project intentions and the expression of the work, to identify, along this path, the poetic architectural resources that were used. In the conclusion, horizontal crossings are created between different expressions of those resources on the constructions - pathway, wall, water, light etc. - as a way to try to contribute to the poetic lexicon of the discipline.
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How to build and irish artist : Joyce's first portraits of DublinCorrêa, Alan Noronha January 2012 (has links)
James Joyce é um dos escritores mais famosos do século 20, sendo sua obra muito comentada por leitores e acadêmicos, especialmente devido ao alto nível de complexidade de Ulisses e Finnegans Wake, os romances da fase madura. O foco da presente dissertação, todavia, são os primeiros livros de Joyce que, apesar de serem mais acessíveis ao público em geral, também contêm toda a elaboração linguística e simbólica que caracteriza o autor. Trato especificamente do volume de contos Dublinenses e do romance Um Retrato do Artista Quando Jovem, utilizando para análise deste o suporte oferecido pelo outro romance anterior, não publicado em vida, Stephen Hero. O objetivo da pesquisa é investigar aspectos presentes na prosa de Joyce que revelem a formulação e a aplicação de sua teoria estética. Como a cidade de Dublin surge como uma metáfora sobre as circunstâncias de ser irlandês, interessa ao leitor adquirir alguma familiaridade com a cultura e a história daquele país e com as relações existentes entre os irlandeses e sua terra natal, especialmente no que tange às questões sobre religiosidade e sobre a dominação inglesa. A dissertação vem estruturada em quatro capítulos. O primeiro apresenta James Joyce tanto como pessoa quanto como escritor em formação, nascendo e crescendo em Dublin na virada dos séculos XIX e XX. São analisadas as influências exercidas pelo contexto católico de sua criação e pela crise social e econômica enfrentadas tanto pelo país quanto pela família do autor. O segundo capítulo lida com Dublinenses, o conjunto de contos que apresenta a visão de Joyce sobre a cidade de Dublin. Esses contos podem ser lidos individualmente, mas a obra assume um significado maior quando considerada de forma unificada em termos de linguagem, simbologia, estratégias narrativas e objetivos, em um plano de evolução que abrange fases da infância, da adolescência, da maturidade e da vida pública. As personagens compartilham características comuns: paralisia, falta de perspectivas e incapacidade de entender ou de reagir aos fatores históricos e sociais que os colocam naquela posição. Entre tais fatores predominam três, a cultura católica, a dominação inglesa e a inabilidade das pessoas para reagir de maneira criativa e produtiva aos problemas que se apresentam. O terceiro capítulo analisa a evolução do fazer artístico de Joyce a partir do binômio Stephen Hero e Um Retrato do Artista Quando Jovem, tendo como elemento comum a ideia do Künstlerroman. No quarto e último capítulo, apresento um comentário sobre as marcas de individuação de Joyce em relação a alguns de seus contemporâneos que também tratam sobre questões envolvendo arte, história e tradição. Ao término do trabalho, espero que a minha percepção sobre o conjunto de fatores que propiciaram o surgimento de um autor como Joyce possa ser de utilidade para pessoas que, como eu, acreditam tanto na importância estética quanto na relevância política e social desses três primeiros livros, os primeiros retratos de Dublin que James Joyce produziu. / James Joyce is one of the most famous writers in the 20th century, whose work is very commented both by readers and scholars, especially because of the high level of complexity of Ulysses and Finnegans Wake, the two mature masterpieces. The focus of the present thesis, however, lies on the first books written by Joyce, because they are more manageable for reading, and yet bear all the linguistic and symbolic sophistication that marks Joyce’s production. The corpus of the research comprises the book of short stories Dubliners and the novel A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, using as support to the analysis of the latter, the previous novel, never published in life, Stephen Hero. The aim of this thesis is to investigate aspects of Joyce’s prose that expose the stages of construction and application of his aesthetic theory. The city of Dublin comes as a metaphor about the condition of being Irish. As a consequence, some familiarity with Irish history and culture is relevant for a better understanding of the books, and of the complex relations involving the Irish and their land, especially in matters concerning Catholicism and English domination. The thesis is divided in four chapters. The first draws on James Joyce, considered both as a person and as a writer in progress, born and raised in Dublin in the turn of the 19th into the 20th centuries. The chapter centres on the relations involving the influence of the Catholic context of his formation and the economic and social crises experienced by Ireland and by the Joyce family at the time. Chapter two is about Dubliners, the collection of short stories that presents Joyce’s view about the city of Dublin. These stories can be read independently from one another, but they acquire a finer meaning if considered as a unit in terms of language, symbolism, narrative strategies and goals, besides following a plan of evolution from childhood to adolescence, and to maturity, and public life. The characters share common characteristics: paralysis, lack of perspective, incapacity to understand or to react to the historical and social factors that put them in that position. Among those factors we have the Catholic tradition, the English domination and the inability of the people to react to circumstantial problems in a creative and productive way. Chapter three analyses the evolution of Joyce’s craftsmanship through the duo Stephen Hero/A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, using the notion of Künstlerroman as a starting point. In the last chapter I deal with the peculiarities in Joyce’s style, contrasting them to the practice of some other contemporary authors who also state their views about art, history and tradition. As an aftermath to this thesis, I hope that my comments about the body of elements that propitiated the rise of Joyce as the author he is may prove useful to other people like me, who believe in the relevance of his contribution to the aesthetics of literature and to the discussion about political and social issues related to Ireland, in the first portraits of Dublin displayed in Joyce’s three first books.
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