Esta dissertaÃÃo analisa as experiÃncias sindicais dos trabalhadores da construÃÃo civil de Fortaleza no perÃodo compreendido entre meados da dÃcada de 70 e 90. Analisando as peculiaridades do mundo do trabalho na construÃÃo civil, particularmente o cotidiano operÃrio nos canteiros de obras, o estudo procura destacar o desenvolvimento da oposiÃÃo sindical no ano de 1988 com uma proposta de reorganizaÃÃo das relaÃÃes sindicais que eram desenvolvidas pela direÃÃo do sindicato desde 1976, e assim refletir sobre o estabelecimento de uma convergÃncia de interesses em relaÃÃo aos operÃrios da categoria. Assim, analisamos como foram construÃdas as primeiras experiÃncias nessa categoria a partir das concepÃÃes polÃtico-sindicais da nova diretoria: o I congresso dos trabalhadores da construÃÃo civil, as primeiras greves gerais, a elaboraÃÃo do novo estatuto e suas diretrizes polÃtico-jurÃdicas, o projeto de educaÃÃo popular, a construÃÃo do jornal operÃrio, as atividades de lazer e o desenvolvimento de redes de solidariedade nos momentos de agudizaÃÃo nos embates com os empresÃrios do setor sÃo algumas dessas experiÃncias que, ao serem construÃdas pelos operÃrios, eles acabavam por se construir enquanto agentes protagonistas no seu mundo de trabalho. / This composition analyzes the syndical experiences of the workers of the civil construction of Fortaleza in the period between the 70âs and the 90âs. Analyzing the peculiarities of the world of the work in the civil construction, particularly the daily laborer in the seedbeds of workmanships, the study wants to detach the development of the syndical opposition in 1988 with a proposal of reorganization of the syndical relations that were developed by the direction of the union since 1976, and this way reflect on the establishment of a convergence of interests in relation to the laborers of the category. Thus, we analyze how the first experiences in this category from the politician-syndical conceptions of the new direction had been constructed: the I congress of the workers of the civil construction, the first general strikes, the elaboration of the new statute and its politician-legal lines of direction, the project of popular education, the construction of the laboring journal, the leisure activities and the development of nets of solidarity at the moments when the conflict with the entrepreneurs of the sector became hard are some of these experiences that, when being constructed by the laborers, finished for constructing themselves agents protagonists in their world of work.

Les œuvres de John Dos Passos [1896-1970] sont souvent étudiées à l’aune – ou à l’ombre – de son parcours politique. L’enjeu de cette thèse est de revenir sur ce lien entre fiction et politique, en partant non plus des positions politiques de l’auteur mais des œuvres elles-mêmes, pour analyser si et en quoi la fiction peut se faire politique. Des romans de jeunesse aux œuvres de la maturité [notamment Manhattan Transfer et la trilogie U.S.A.], Dos Passos construit sa critique politique, fondée sur la remise en cause du récit linéaire. Il remplace la « destinée manifeste » de l’Amérique par le portrait des « deux nations » qui la composent, et travaille le genre du roman pour le défaire de sa dimension providentielle. En mettant à l’épreuve l’intrigue, le protagoniste et la temporalité, il inscrit cette critique politique au cœur même de l’écriture, et invite à porter un nouveau regard sur les œuvres politiques de l’entre-deux-guerres, et sur les liens entre modernisme et radicalisme, dénoués par la critique de la Guerre Froide. Ses œuvres mettent en scène la difficulté de construire une littérature protestataire dans un pays fondé sur des idéaux démocratiques. Plutôt qu’un perpétuel retour au mythe des origines, cependant, elles mettent en place un véritable dialogue avec les textes fondateurs, dialogue au sein duquel la fiction fait peu à peu émerger, entre les lignes, le non-dit du politique / The novels of John Dos Passos [1896-1970] are often analyzed with reference to his politics. This dissertation aims to recast the link between politics and fiction in his work, starting from the texts themselves rather than from the author’s political pronouncements, to see how fiction itself can become political. Dos Passos’s political criticism built up progressively throughout his career, from his early fiction to the crowning success of U.S.A., and rested on a criticism of linear narrative. He went against America’s “manifest destiny” to portray a divided country, made up of “two nations", and rooted his political criticism within the genre of the novel itself. By undermining the concepts of plot, protagonist and temporality, he created a form of political fiction where politics are an integral part of writing, rather than an imposition upon it. Dos Passos thus invites us to cast a new glance at the interwar period, and at the links – severed by Cold War criticism – between modernism and radicalism. His works bear witness to the difficulty of writing protest in a land of consensus; however, rather than resorting to a tempting return to the myth of origins, they enact a dialogue with the founding texts, through which fiction progressively reveals how the nation’s political – and textual – foundation rests on gaps and omissions

Diese Magisterarbeit ist dem bis heute sehr komplexen Geschlechterverhältnis gewidmet. Dieses Verhältnis werde ich analysieren, indem ich das literarische Motiv des Geschlechtertausches ausarbeite. Dabei werde ich seine kulturhistorische Entwicklung berücksichtigen. Das Thema wird interdisziplinär behandelt und zwar mithilfe anthropologischer, psychoanalytischer, literaturwissenschaftlicher sowie ideengeschichtlicher Perspektiven und Methoden – all dies um seine Komplexität zu erfassen. Zunächst wird die menschliche Geschlechtsidentität als ein naturbedingtes Phänomen einerseits und als ein kulturelles Konstrukt andererseits diskutiert. Die Psychoanalyse wird den feministischen Theorien entgegen gestellt, woraufhin sie sich als Versuch der Legitimierung der gesellschaftlichen Ordnung erweist. Die anschließende Analyse der kulturellen Repräsentationsformen des Weiblichen wird es deutlich machen, wie schwer es ist, die über mehrere Jahrhunderte tradierten Weiblichkeitsbilder zu „neutralisieren“. Die literarische Grundlage für die Untersuchung der Geschlechterbeziehungen verschaffen die drei „Geschichten über die Umwandlung der Verhältnisse“ (1980). In allen Texten vollzieht sich ein Geschlechtswandel: die Protagonistinnen schlüpfen in männliche Körper ein und auf einmal erfahren sie die Welt aus der bisher unbekannten Perspektive. Dabei empfindet jede von denen die neue Situation anders und doch so ähnlich. Anhand von Sarah Kirschs „Blitz aus dem heiterm Himmel“, Irmtraud Morgners „Gute Botschaft der Valeska in 73 Strophen“ und Christa Wolfs „Selbstversuch. Traktat zu einem Protokoll“ werden die regressiven patriarchalischen Strukturen aufgedeckt, in denen der Frau eine minderwertige Positionierung in einer Gesellschaft zugeschrieben wird. Da sich die Beziehungen zwischen Männern und Frauen in den gesellschaftlichen Machtverhältnissen widerspiegeln, werden die Geschichten im Kontext der sozialistischen Wirklichkeit der DDR in den 1970er Jahre analysiert. Aus diesen Untersuchungen ergeben sich klare Erkenntnisse: die Realität des „emanzipierten“ DDR-Staates hatte mit dem marxistischen Traum nichts zu tun. Diese in den Erzählungen widerspiegelte historisch-politische Wirklichkeit stellte die propagandistische Gleichberechtigung der Frauen in Frage. Die Sozialpolitik wird als eine der modernen männlichen Legitimationsstrategien für die Erhaltung der patriarchalischen Ordnung entschleiert. Damit die Frau nicht mehr über den Mann definiert wird, müsste eine grundlegende Veränderung der gesellschaftlichen Geschlechtsvorstellungen erfolgen. Alle in dieser Arbeit untersuchten Geschlechtertauschgeschichten beinhalten diverse Utopie-Entwürfe, die jedoch keine perfekte Ordnung darstellen. Ganz im Gegenteil – das sind eher negative Utopien, die fundamentale Kritik an der Ungleichheit der gesellschaftlichen Positionierung der Geschlechter zum Ziel haben. Christa Wolf, Irmtraud Morgner und Sarah Kirsch thematisierten in ihren Erzählungen die Problematik der Geschlechterverhältnisse in der DDR der 1970er Jahre und machten auf die Dringlichkeit des weiblichen Widerstandes aufmerksam. Gleichzeitig soll dieser literarische Diskurs die eigentliche Möglichkeit der Veränderung des gesellschaftlichen Status der Frauen aufzeigen. Daher sind diese imaginierten Geschlechtertauschgeschichten als Manifeste für wahre Gleichstellung der Frauen zu lesen. / The present master’s dissertation focuses on the complex topic of sex and gender relations. The analysis is based on a literary motif of a sex change, taking into account its historical dimension as well as its cultural heritage. In order to capture the complexity of the topic, it will be treated interdisciplinarily. This means that the variety of methods and perspectives will be considered, including anthropological approach, psychoanalysis, literary, historical and ideological theories. To begin with, gender identity will be discussed as a natural phenomenon on the one hand and as a cultural construction on the other hand. The psychoanalysis will be discussed as an attempt of legitimization of societal order and confronted with modern feminist thought. Through the subsequent analysis of the cultural forms of feminine representation it will become obvious how difficult it is to dismantle the predominant images of feminity, which have evolved over many centuries. The three stories published in a volume “Geschlechtertausch” (“Sex Change”, 1980) will provide the literary basis for the interrogation of gender roles and relations. There is a sex change motif in every single story: all main female characters miraculously change from a woman to a man and experience the world from a new male perspective. Each protagonist perceives the situation differently and yet so similar. The analysis of “Bolt from the Blue” by Sarah Kirsch, “Gospel of Valeska” by Irmtraud Morgner and “Self-Experiment: Appendix to a Report” by Christa Wolf will reveal the regressive patriarchal structures in which women are usually given an inferior position. The common relations between men and women reflect the distribution of social power between the sexes. Therefore, all three stories shall be re-read in the context of the socialist realism in East Germany (GDR) in 1970s. The conclusions derived from these examinations are clear: the reality in the “emancipated” GDR state had absolutely nothing to do with the Marxist utopian vision. In their stories, all three authors questioned the socialist propaganda of pseudo gender equality. The GDR social policy will be unveiled as one of the modern male legitimization strategies with the sole purpose of preserving the rigid patriarchal order. A redefinition and revision of the traditional understanding of the genders appear necessary, if a woman shall no longer be defined by a man. In addition, the analyzed sex change stories contain diverse utopian visions, which however do not portray a perfect social order. On the contrary, they depict rather negative utopias that aim at revealing and emphasizing the unjustified unequal positioning of both sexes within the society. Christa Wolf, Irmtraud Morgner and Sarah Kirsch have made a successful attempt to explore the problematic nature of gender relations in the GDR in 1970s. This literary discourse represents a radical interrogation of gender roles and relations, but it also shows the possibility and necessity of changing the status of women. Taken together, those three imaginary sex change tales should be read as manifestos for true equality of women.

In 1922, the Bolshevik government expelled some 160 prominent intellectuals from Russia. Numbered among these were many of the leaders of the Religious Renaissance which had flourished since the turn of the century. They advocated a "third way": neither for the Tsarist regime nor the Bolsheviks; neither for Capitalism nor Communism; neither for Materialism nor Idealism; rather, they promoted personalist, spiritual development (Godmanhood ), Christian economic ethics (Sobornost'), and a path to knowledge informed by reason, but guided by faith (Religious-Philosophy ). Forced to join the Russian diaspora, these religious philosophers continued to advance their movement with the help of the Young Men's Christian Association. Largely at the initiative of Nikolai Berdyaev (1874--1948), they also began to interact with the French intellectual milieu in Paris in order to develop inter-confessional and cultural understandings. Although Russian religious-philosophy suffered a certain decline following World War Two, many of their writings had returned to the USSR. As Soviet intellectuals discovered these works, they gradually began to revolt against dialectical materialism, and aspire to recover the religious-philosophical tradition. In 1988, this Return was at last made possible, and religious-philosophy has been enjoying a second renaissance which continues unabated today.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2007-02-27Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:27:22Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 alves_act_me_sjrp.pdf: 1338506 bytes, checksum: 67d694b4ea2a584c05846358bac23c51 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Nesta dissertação, a proposta de trabalho centra-se no estudo da poesia brasileira contemporânea, com ênfase para a vanguarda de 1970 (Poesia Marginal) na qual se observa o programa estético de dessacralização do discurso literário, de repúdio às formas de enunciação consagradas pelo sistema, considerando-se, também, que boa parte dessa produção poética ainda não foi devidamente avaliada. Assim, pretende-se estudar a dicção poética de Aristides Klafke, visando à identificação de sua escrita em um cenário políticocultural de ditadura, com ressonância ainda hoje. A hipótese de investigação está no fato de que a escrita marginal desconstruiria o discurso poético hegemônico, seja pela instância da reprodução artesanal, seja pela da configuração estética. Portanto, trata-se de proporcionar a esse polêmico fenômeno literário uma leitura diversa àquela propagada por alguns críticos ao avaliarem sua existência devido à circunstância de silêncio político, enfatizando a atitude simbólica de contestação em detrimento de seu conteúdo poético. Os argumentos dos estudiosos convergem para o nível de qualidade poética, caracterizando o movimento da Poesia Marginal como uma escrita “de” e “da” circunstância. Para tanto, propõe-se rever o rótulo “marginal” a partir do sinônimo maldito confrontando os discursos de teóricos e produtores, em procedimento comparativo e dedutivo, observando afinidades ou divergências no trato desta questão para fundamentar análise e interpretação da poesia de Aristides Klafke. Isso, além de recorrer aos estudos mais representativos da Historiografia e Crítica Literária brasileiras contemporâneas que fundamentam a teoria de poesia. Assim, pretende-se realizar uma leitura da escrita marginal no que tange ao reconhecimento das individualidades poéticas, neste caso, Aristides Klafke. Os poemas... / In this study, the proposal of this work is centered in the contemporary Brazilian poetry study, emphasizing the Vanguard of 1970 (Marginal Poetry) in which is observed a radical rupture with the traditional literary discourse, and marked for a refusal to the enunciation forms instituted by the system, considering that great part of this poetic production was not still well analyzed. So, this work aims at studying the poetic diction of Aristides Klafke, with the objective to identify his writing in politic and cultural scenery of dictatorship, with resonance still today. A hypothesis of investigation is in the fact that the marginal writing would deconstruct the hegemonic poetical discourse either for the instance of the non conventional reproduction, either for the aesthetic configuration. Therefore, this work deals with this polemic literary subject giving to this a different reading from that diffused by some critics when evaluating its existence connected with the circumstance politic silence, emphasizing the symbolic protest attitude in favor of its poetical content. The critics s arguments converge to the level of poetical quality characterizing the movement of Marginal Poetry as a writing of and the circumstance. For in such a way, we consider to review the label marginal from its synonymous cursed, collating the speeches of theoreticians and producers, in a comparative and deductive procedure, observing affinities or divergences referring to this question to justify the analysis and interpretation of the poetry of Aristides Klafke. This, besides appealing to the most representative studies of the Historiography and contemporaries Literary Brazilian Critical who base the poetry theory. So, it s intended realize a reading of marginal writing referring to the recognition of the poetical individualities, in this case, Aristides Klafke. The poems for analysis... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

SILVA, Anderson de Sousa. O salão de abril em dois momentos: sociedade cearense de artes plásticas (SCAP) e prefeitura municipal de Fortaleza (1944-1970). 2015. 160f. – Dissertação (Mestrado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em História, Fortaleza (CE), 2015. / Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-12-15T12:35:46Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_assilva.pdf: 3311574 bytes, checksum: f5cac54b48e8ed45c9334651ab392566 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo(marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-12-15T17:24:36Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_assilva.pdf: 3311574 bytes, checksum: f5cac54b48e8ed45c9334651ab392566 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-12-15T17:24:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2015_dis_assilva.pdf: 3311574 bytes, checksum: f5cac54b48e8ed45c9334651ab392566 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015 / Por meio da trajetória do Salão de Abril, entre as décadas de 1940 e 1960, a pesquisa aqui desenvolvida tem por objetivo compreender a formação de um campo artístico no Ceará, sobretudo no período em que o Salão foi liderado pela Sociedade Cearense de Artes Plásticas (1944-1958), e seu processo de institucionalização, a partir do momento em que a Prefeitura de Fortaleza passa a dar continuidade às realizações da mostra artística desde o ano de 1964, fazendo parte de um contexto de intensificação das políticas culturais no Brasil e no Ceará. Abordamos o Salão de Abril nestes dois períodos: o da consolidação de um campo para as artes plásticas no Ceará e, em seguida, sua institucionalização, como reflexo de conjunturas distintas, tanto no que se refere às tendências artísticas em voga, com destaque para as múltiplas faces do Modernismo, quanto às estruturas políticas e sociais que também estiveram imbricadas com o meio artístico.

LIMA, Jeimes Mazza Correia. Entre dois agostos: o Conselho de Educação do Ceará na década de 1970 – 1979. 2013. 182f. – Tese (Doutorado) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Programa de Pós-graduação em Educação Brasileira, Fortaleza (CE), 2013. / Submitted by Márcia Araújo (marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-03-17T11:47:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013-TESE-JMCLIMA.pdf: 7069509 bytes, checksum: 4f768011dc795d9b9a09ef5f81c2a135 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Márcia Araújo(marcia_m_bezerra@yahoo.com.br) on 2014-03-17T12:20:28Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 2013-TESE-JMCLIMA.pdf: 7069509 bytes, checksum: 4f768011dc795d9b9a09ef5f81c2a135 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-03-17T12:20:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013-TESE-JMCLIMA.pdf: 7069509 bytes, checksum: 4f768011dc795d9b9a09ef5f81c2a135 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / The study on the performance of the Board of Education of Ceará aims at understanding how the institution structured through educational legislation in force in the 1970s, school education Ceará. This organization was led by opinions and resolutions specific, so the means available for this purpose, providing the understanding of the possible existence of legal interpretations by the referees, the Board of Education, giving them an ability to act in Ceará extrapolating and distorting their specific functions, which was to interpret and apply the law determined by educational reform, 1971, by Law 5692/71, in response to a determination of the period of authoritarian rule, endowed with characteristics related restrictions on individual freedom and collective, common at the time. For it was used to analyze a set of documents, written sources, produced over a decade by the institution with their official, stating interpretations, positions and definitions of school education and political momentum. From this documentation, with mediation from other sources relevant to the season, it was noticed that after its re-foundation in 1965 by the governor of Ceará Virgilio Tavora the Council sought to legitimize their actions in the local society, and gradually, coercively established an organization of education school in Ceará in compliance with standards, rules and legislation. Although an institution linked to the State no clear indication that developed a set of administrative acts restrictive of freedom, besides adopting punishments schools or their members, directors, secretaries and school teachers as well as students, attending deliberation direct bodies of political repression developed in the period. With this it is possible to infer that: was ineffective use of the Board of Education of Ceará in 1970 with the purpose to serve the political repression of opposition movements to the authoritarian regime largely attended by high school students. / O estudo realizado sobre a atuação do Conselho de Educação do Ceará tem por finalidade a compreensão de como a instituição estruturou, através de legislações educacionais vigentes na década de 1970, a educação escolar cearense. Essa organização foi conduzida através de pareceres e resoluções específicos, portanto os meios disponíveis para essa finalidade, proporcionando o entendimento sobre a eventual existência de interpretações legais, por parte dos pareceristas, os Conselheiros da Educação, dotando-os de uma capacidade de atuação no Ceará, extrapolando e distorcendo suas funções específicas, que era o de interpretar e aplicar a legislação educacional definida pela reforma de 1971, através da Lei 5692/71, atendendo a uma determinação dos governos autoritários do período, dotado de características vinculadas as restrições de liberdade individual e coletiva, comuns na época. Para isso foi utilizado para analise um conjunto de documentos, fontes escritas, produzidos ao longo de uma década pela instituição, com seu caráter oficial, constando as interpretações, posicionamentos e definições sobre educação escolar e o momento político. Com base nessa documentação, com a mediação de outras fontes pertinentes a época, percebeu-se que após sua refundação em 1965 pelo governador cearense Virgílio Távora o Conselho buscou legitimar suas ações na sociedade local, e gradualmente, de forma coercitiva estabeleceu uma organização da educação escolar no Ceará no cumprimento das normas, leis e regras vigentes. Apesar de ser uma instituição vinculada ao Estado não há indicação clara de que se desenvolveu um conjunto de atos administrativos restritivos de liberdade, além da adoção de punições as escolas ou a seus integrantes, diretores, professores e secretários escolares, bem como estudantes, atendendo a uma deliberação direta dos organismos de repressão política desenvolvidos no período. Com isso é possível aferir que: foi ineficaz o uso do Conselho de Educação do Ceará na década de 1970 com fins a atender a repressão política aos movimentos de contestação ao regime autoritário em grande parte com a participação de estudantes secundaristas.

The purpose of this study is to explore the activities of transnational organizations which were involved in the Nigerian civil war, in order to evaluate the hypotheses of this study - that the transnational organizations studied here contributed to the outbreak of the civil war; that they attempted to influence the behavior of the conflicting parties; that they helped to prolong the war; and that they served as instruments of conflict resolution in the civil war. The final chapter summarizes the conclusions arrived at in various chapters of the study. The evidence yielded varying degree of support to the hypotheses, These transnational actors are seen to have, through their different interactions with both sides affected the course of the war and have produced mixed impacts. They produced some evidence for the explanation of behavioral patterns likely to be displayed by transnational actors in similar situations. Also, these interactions are seen as giving some validity to the perceived need to expand the analytic framework of actors in international politics.

Orientador: Prof. Dr. Gilberto Maringoni de Oliveira / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do ABC, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Humanas e Sociais, 2017. / O presente trabalho visa como objetivo geral analisar representações sobre os anos 1970 em um dos filmes mais destacados da safra da filmografia brasileira dos anos 2000: O ano em que meus pais saíram de férias, do diretor Cao Hamburger (2006). A análise é feita a partir da figura alegórica do goleiro, da presença marcante da comunidade judaica de São Paulo e da dicotomia presençaausência. Tudo o qual se enquadra na discussão sobre cinema e história, levando em consideração as tensões que decorrem das leituras do passado recente, feitas em tempo presente. / The present work aims at analyzing representations about the 1970s, from the allegorical figure of the goalkeeper used by the director of the film to build his narrative. That is the remarkable presence of the Jewish community of São Paulo and the presence-absence dichotomy. It is done in one of the most outstanding films of the Brazilian filmmaking crop of the 2000s: O ano que meus pais saíram de férias (The year my parents went on vacation), by director Cao Hamburger (2006). The analysis fits into a discussion of cinema and history, taking into account the tensions that arise from the readings of the recent past, made in the present time.

Ce projet de thèse vise à explorer les réalisations artistiques ainsi que les approches critiques et théoriques du concept complexe de « système » en lien avec les transformations du dessin entre 1965 et 1975. Le discours autour de la notion de « système » prévaut dans le monde de l’après-guerre, notamment dans les années 1960 et 1970. L’ « esthétique des systèmes » telle que théorisée par le critique d’art Jack Burnham dans son article « Systems Aesthetics » publié dans Artforum en 1968, qui signale la transition radicale d’une culture orientée vers les objets vers une culture orientée vers les systèmes, constitue notre point de départ. Nous examinons la notion du système en essayant de mettre en lumière les interconnexions entre les théories de l'information et des systèmes, le modèle cybernétique, le « tournant linguistique » dans la période 1965-1975. Au cours de cette période, le dessin devient un champ privilégié pour le développement des méthodologies systémiques. A travers les cas de onze artistes, Sol LeWitt, Mel Bochner, Hanne Darboven, Dorothea Rockburne, Robert Morris, Alighiero Boetti, John Latham, Bernar Venet, Lee Lozano, Stanley Brouwn et William Anastasi, nous examinons les expérimentations artistiques autour de « systèmes de dessins » : des systèmes linguistiques et arithmétiques, des systèmes auto-poïétiques, ainsi que des stratégies systémiques se déroulant dans le contexte spatiotemporel. En se focalisant sur l’hétérogénéité et la diversification de ces pratiques, nous analysons les traductions formelles et conceptuelles du dessin qui manifestent l’autonomisation et la reconceptualisation de ce medium durant la période examinée. / This thesis aims at exploring the artistic realizations as well as the critical and theoretical approaches of the complex and multidimensional concept of "system" in relation to the transformation of drawing between 1965 and 1975. The discourse around the notion of “system” prevails the post-war world, especially in the 1960s and 1970s. The aesthetics of systems, as theorized by art critic Jack Burnham in his article “Systems Aesthetics” published at the Artforum in 1968- which signals the radical transition from an object-oriented culture to a systems-oriented culture - is the starting point of this thesis. We examine the notion of the system by attempting to highlight the interconnections between information and systems theories, the cybernetic model, the “linguistic turn” and its implications for the development of conceptual artistic practices in the period 1965-1975. In this period, drawing became a privileged field for the development of systemic methodologies. Through the cases of eleven artists, Sol LeWitt, Mel Bochner, Hanne Darboven, Dorothea Rockburne, Robert Morris, Alighiero Boetti, John Latham, Bernar Venet, Lee Lozano, Stanley Brouwn and William Anastasi, this thesis examines the artistic experimentation on “systems of drawings”: linguistic and arithmetic systems of diagrammatic order, autopoietic systems, as well as systemic strategies that take place in the spatiotemporal context. By focusing on the heterogeneity, the diversification and the hybridization of these practices, the thesis analyzes the formal and conceptual translations of the drawing which demand the autonomisation and the reconceptualisation of this medium in the period that we examine