Neste trabalho proponho uma relação entre literatura e história a partir do conceito de historicidades distorcidas. Partindo da obra galáxias, de Haroldo de Campos, volto-me aos anos 70 para pensar uma historicidade que consiga levar em contas as múltiplas historicidades em jogo, muitas vezes entrecruzando-se, sem que se caia no relativismo ou em uma nova tentativa de construir narrativas. Para tanto, sob o conceito de historicidades distorcidas, mostro que o regime de historicidade de um poema é relacional, ou seja, só existe em relação a um outro regime de historicidade, seja ele do leitor, de outro poema ou de ambos. Essa maneira de pensar a relação entre literatura e história passa a ser a mais funcional, assim defendo, pois vimos experimentando o que chamo de perda de lastro discursivo: um aumento da distância, temporal e espacial, entre o espaço de experiência e o horizonte de expectativa (Koselleck, 2006), que leva a uma diminuição daquilo que compartilhamos como mínimo múltiplo comum discursivo: o contexto, a fraseologia, o que é ou não ideológico, o que é ou não cinismo. Nessa combinação entre uma concepção dos regimes de historicidade vistos de forma relacional, as historicidades distorcidas, e a diminuição daquilo que compartilhamos em nosso espaço público discursivo, a perda do lastro discursivo, termino propondo, no último capítulo, uma prática historiográfica, terminando em uma possível ontologia variável do poema. / In this thesis, I propose a relationship between literature and history from the concept of distorted historicities. Departing the work galaxies, by Haroldo de Campos, I turn to the 70s to think such a historicity that can take on multiple historicities accounts, often crisscrossing up without it falling into relativism or into a new attempt to build big narratives. To this end, under the concept of distorted historicities, I show that the historicitys regime of a poem is relational, which means that it exists only in relation to one another historicitys regime, whether the reader, another poem or both. That way of thinking about the relationship between literature and history becomes the most functional as well, I argue, as we are experiencing what I call the loss of discursive ballast: an increase of the distance, both in time and space, between the space of experience and the horizon expectation (Koselleck, 2006), which leads to a decrease of what we share as our discursive least common multiple: the context, the phraseology, what is or is not ideological, what is or is not cynicism. This combination of a conception of historicity schemes seen relationally, what I call distorted historicity, and the reduction of what we share in our discursive public space, the loss of discursive ballast, I end offering, in the last chapter, a historiographical practice, ending in a possible variable ontology of the poem.

Neste trabalho investigamos em que medida o mal-estar da sociedade americana, entre 1975 e 1978, causado por uma série de acontecimentos dos anos 1970 (fim da Guerra do Vietnã, reivindicações das chamadas minorias sociais, crise da OPEP e Watergate, entre outros), foi representado em filmes comerciais, feitos dentro de Hollywood e sem maiores ambições autorais. Os filmes analisados neste trabalho são: Rocky - Um Lutador (John G. Avildsen, 1976) e Os Embalos de Sábado à Noite (John Badham, 1977). / In this work we investigate to what extent the malaise of American society between 1975 and 1978, caused by a series of events of the seventies (end of the Vietnam War, calling claims of social minorities, the OPEC crisis and Watergate, among others) , was represented in commercial films made in Hollywood without auteurist ambitions. The films analyzed in this work are: Rocky (John G. Avildsen, 1976) and Saturday Night Fever (John Badham, 1977).

The Western has been an important and iconic part of American culture since the opening of the frontier. However, very few scholars have looked closely at the way the genre constructs the past through public and private spaces like frontier towns and settlements. The 1971 films, The Hired Hand and McCabe & Mrs. Miller are two texts that revitalized, and in the process revised, the Western genre in the early 1970s. My paper examines the ways in which conflicts between public and private spaces in the films reflect the social and cultural conflicts in America at the time. Both films feature lead male characters that strive to, but ultimately fail to resurrect an older idea of public space as they attempt to reclaim their place in it. The men attempt to navigate changing ideas of public space by retreating in to domestic or feminine space and resisting the corporatization of public space. This paper uses the works of Nancy Fraser and Richard Sennett to explore the different approaches to the nature of public space in post World War II America and sheds new light on the ways in which men adapted or, in some cases, refused to adapt to the changing social conditions of the second half of the 20th century.

The work focuses on the literary work of Korean writer Yun Heunggil in the context of modern Korean literature of the 1970s. The first part describes the general features of the literature in the 1970s, with an emphasis on changes in requirements placed on authors and topics in this period of modernization. The second part deals exclusively with the work of Yun Heunggil. Great attention is given to writer's history, as it has a significant influence on his early literary work. In the latter parts, the work deals with two topics, which represent the seventies in the Korean modern literature - Korean War and modernization of Korean society. Then it looks into common features of work and reccuring motifs in both categories, using detailed analysis of narrative sequences. Work also includes a sample translation of one of the author's short stories, The Man Who Left Behind a Nine Pairs of Shoes

The representation of homosexuality in the Brazilian cinema of the 1960s and 1970s is generally dismissed as homophobic on the grounds that it confirms stereotypical and oppressive views of homosexual men. While it is true that many films produced during the era repeat conventional notions of sexual identity, this dismissal arguably overlooks a variety of subtle and subversive representations of homosexuality. To contest the prevailing view, eleven films have been selected from important movements of Brazilian cinema of the period; these include examples of avant-garde and popular filmmaking. An analytical approach informed by queer theory – a critical account of homosexuality and sexual identity – is used to make a series of close readings of narrative form and content. It is suggested that the apparent heterosexism of many of the films is shown to be tacitly or accidentally subverted via the implication that sexual identity is unstable and contested. A number of films are shown to illustrate ways in which oppressive hierarchies might be disabled through a reconfiguring of homosexual identity. It is argued that film form – the films’ self-referential or reflexive aspects, as well as the way in which the films construct spectating positions – is the central factor in subverting conventional views of homosexuality. Such form facilitates multiple readings of the content, therefore enabling a queer interpretation to be posited. Ultimately, it is argued that the value of these films lies in the sometimes contradictory fashion in which they present oppressive notions of homosexuality on-screen while at the same time gesturing towards ways in which such oppression could be challenged.

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This dissertation investigates the figure of “the Texan” during the 1970s across local, regional, and national contexts to unpack how the “national” discourse of Texanness by turns furthered and foreclosed visions of a more inclusive American polity in the late twentieth century. The project began in oral history work surrounding the cultural politics of Austin’s progressive country music scene in the decade, but quickly expanded to encompass the larger transformations roiling the state and the nation in the 1970s. As civil rights and feminist movements redefined hegemonic notions of the representative Texan, icons of Anglo-Texan masculinity—the cowboy, the oilman, the wheeler-dealer—came in for a dizzying round of celebration and critique, satire and ritual performance. Such Seventies performances of “the Texan” as took place in Austin’s “cosmic cowboy” subculture provided an imaginative space to refigure Anglo-Texan identity in ways that responded to and internalized the decade’s identity politics. From the death of Lyndon Johnson to Willie Nelson’s picnics, from the United Farm Workers’ marches on Austin to the spectacle of Texas Chic on the streets of New York City, Texas mattered in these years not simply as a place, but as a repository of longstanding American myths and symbols at a historical moment in which that mythology was being deeply contested. This dissertation maps the messy ground of the 1970s in Texas along several paths. It begins some years prior with the Centennial Exposition of 1936 and the regionalism of J. Frank Dobie, Walter Prescott Webb, and Roy Bedichek before proceeding to the challenges to their vision of “the Texan” on the part of the African American civil rights, Chicano, and women’s movements. The dissertation’s central chapters then address the melding of countercultural forms and the state’s traditional Anglo-Texan iconography and music in spaces like Austin’s Armadillo World Headquarters. Popular music, art, film, journalism, and literature evoke this attempted revisioning of Anglo-Texan masculinity in dialogue with the decade’s identity politics. / text

The 1970s were a period of renaissance for the crafts in Britain, often referred to as a craft revival. The creation of national organisations and infrastructures to support craft, and define its identity, played a crucial role in this. The received craft revival narrative focuses on the Crafts Council of England and Wales, with its emphasis on raising the status of craft and promoting it as fine art, largely through the efforts the Minister for the Arts, Lord David Eccles. The narrative in Scotland was very different, and is a story that until now remains untold. Scotland had its own national agencies with responsibility for the crafts. But instead of having a focus on the arts, they were tasked with addressing Scotland’s economic decline, and saw an opportunity to develop Scottish craft as both an industry and a product. The emphasis was not on promoting craft as fine art as in England and Wales, but rather on developing craft as commodity. Borrowing from Adamson’s thesis that as a form of cultural production, ‘craft is itself a modern invention’ (Adamson 2013 p. xiii), this thesis will analyse how Scottish development organisations in the 1970s attempted to promote and invent Scottish craft as an industry and product, and how those involved in the making of Scottish craft responded to this. In order to do this, it will examine the origins of the 1970s craft revival in Britain, the legacy of the invention of modern Scottish craft, and the two development agencies tasked with its invention in the 1970s: the Highlands and Islands Development Board, and the Scottish Development Agency. This thesis makes an original contribution by telling the Scottish side of the 1970s craft revival story. It also addresses wider issues that have received little critical attention in craft history, namely the relationship between craft and commodification, and the tension between modernity and tradition in the invention of modern craft.