Orientador: Shiguenoli Miyamoto / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T14:13:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Batista_GabrielaFerroFirmino_M.pdf: 576912 bytes, checksum: 2a43cf162c5f082ce2dcc8e5e620c29a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: A presente dissertação analisa as mudanças nos elementos domésticos e internacionais que influenciaram a decisão do governo brasileiro de aderir ao Tratado de Não-Proliferação de Armas Nucleares (TNP) em 1998, após três décadas de rejeição a ele. Essa rejeição era justificada pelo caráter discriminatório do Tratado, que concedia privilégios aos países possuidores de armas nucleares e impedia o desenvolvimento tecnológico autônomo daqueles que não as possuíam. A pesquisa revelou que, em consonância com a explicação oficial, a alteração de postura com relação ao TNP foi fruto das mudanças que ocorreram no plano internacional após o fim da Guerra Fria, juntamente com as mudanças internas, com o fim do regime militar. A manutenção da renúncia ao TNP pareceu, então, infundada por ser incapaz de trazer benefícios práticos para o país e, além disso, causar danos políticos à imagem e à credibilidade externa do país, característica considerada essencial para a obtenção de vantagens no novo contexto internacional / Abstract: This Master's thesis analyzes the changes in domestic and international factors that influenced Brazilian government's decision to accede to the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) in 1998 after three decades rejecting it. This rejection was justified by the discriminatory character of the Treaty, which granted privileges to countries possessing nuclear weapons and prevented the autonomous technological development of those which didn't possess them. The survey showed that, in line with the official explanation, the change of attitude to the NPT was the result of the changes that have occurred internationally since the end of the Cold War, along with internal changes, with he end of military regime. The maintenance of rejection to the NPT seems to be, then, seless, for being unable to bring practical benefits to the country and also for causing political damage to the country's external image and credibility, a characteristic considered essential to obtain advantages in the new international context / Mestrado / Política Externa / Mestre em Relações Internacionais

Herausgegeben im Auftrag des Kanzlers:1. Vorwort 1 2. Abkürzungen und Definitionen 2 3. Allgemeines 3.1 Geschichte der TU Dresden 3 3.2 Struktur der TU Dresden 1998 5 3.3 Leitung, Gremien und Kuratorium an der TU Dresden 1998 6 3.4 Studiengänge an der TU Dresden im WS 1998/99 (Angebote) 7 4. Studenten 4.1 Studierende im WS 1998/99 (Kopfzahlen) 9 4.2 Studierende im WS 1998/99 mit Anteilen weiblich, Ausländer und Beurlaubte 10 4.3 Studienanfänger im SS 1998 (Kopfzahlen) 11 4.4 Studienanfänger im WS 1998/99 (Kopfzahlen) 12 4.5 Studierende im WS 1998/99 (Fallzahlen) 13 4.6 Studienanfänger im SS 1998 (Fallzahlen) 14 4.7 Studienanfänger im WS 1998/99 (Fallzahlen) 15 4.8 Studierende (Gesamtstudenten) in den Wintersemestern 1992/93-1998/99 nach Studienarten 16 4.9 Studierende in den Wintersemestern 1993/94-1998/99 (Kopfzahlen) 17 4.10 Studienanfänger pro Studienjahr 1993/94-1998/99 (Kopfzahlen) 18 4.11 Studierende und Studienanfänger 1994-98 (Kopfzahlen/ Diagramm) 19 4.12 Studierende nach Wissenschaftsgebieten 1993-98 (Diagramm) 20 4.13 Studienanfänger pro Studienjahr nach Wissenschaftsgebieten 1993/94-1998/99 (Diagramm) 21 4.14 Studierende in den WG Mathematik und Naturwissenschaften und Medizin 1993-98 Diagramm) 22 4.15 Studierende im WG Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaften 1993-98 (Diagramm) 23 4.16 Studierende im WG Ingenieurwissenschaften 1993-98 (Diagramm) 24 4.17 Studierende (Ausländer) nach Wissenschaftsgebieten 1993-98 (Diagramm) 25 4.18 Betreuungsverhältnisse Studenten/ Personal 1995-98 26 4.19 Betreuungsverhältnisse Studenten/ Professoren 1995-98 (Diagramm) 27 4.20 Gasthörer an der TU Dresden 1992-98 28 5. Herkunft der Studierenden 5.1 Herkunft der Studierenden im WS 1998/99 (mit Diagramm) 29 5.2 Herkunft der Studienanfänger im WS 1998/99 (mit Diagramm) 30 5.3 Herkunft der Studierenden WS 1996/97 bis WS 1998/99 (mit Diagramm) 31 6. Prüfungen/ Graduierungen 6.1 Bestandene Hochschulabschlußprüfungen im Studienjahr 1997/98 32 6.2 Bestandene Hochschulabschlußprüfungen 1995/96-1997/98 (Diagramme) 33 6.3 Promotionen an der TU Dresden 1998 34 6.4 Promotionen an der TU Dresden 1993-98 35 6.5 Habilitationen an der TU Dresden 1998 36 6.6 Habilitationen an der TU Dresden 1993-98 37 6.7 Regelstudienzeit und durchschnittliche Studiendauer 1996/97 und 1997/98 38 6.8 Regelstudienzeit und durchschnittliche Studiendauer 1994/95-1997/98 Diagramme) 39 7. Forschung und Kooperation 7.1 Sonderforschungsbereiche an der TU Dresden 1998 40 7.2 Graduiertenkollegs und Innovationskollegs an der TU Dresden 1998 41 7.3 Forschergruppen und große, übergreifende Forschungsprojekte an der TU Dresden 1998 (Auswahl) 42 7.4 Stiftungsprofessuren an der TU Dresden 1998 45 7.5 Gemeinsame Berufungen an der TU Dresden 1998 46 7.6 Schutzrechtsanmeldungen 1993-98 an der TU Dresden 48 7.7 An-Institute der TU Dresden 1998 49 7.8 Forschungs- und Kooperationsverträge der TU Dresden 1998 50 8. Personal und Haushalt 8.1 Stellenverteilung an der TU Dresden 1998 (Haushaltsfinanzierung) 51 8.2 Personalbestand der TU Dresden 1992-98 (Beschäftigungsfälle in Personen) 52 8.3 Personalbestand der TU Dresden 1992-98 (Beschäftigungsfälle in Personen/ ohne Medizin) (Diagramm) 53 8.4 Haushaltspersonal (Planstellen) nach Wissenschaftsgebieten 1994-98 54 8.5 Drittmittelpersonal (VZÄ) nach Wissenschaftsgebieten 1994-98 54 8.6 Drittmittelpersonal der TU Dresden 1997-98 (mit Diagramm 1992-98) 55 8.7 Haushalt der TU Dresden 1993-98 (in TDM) 56 8.8 Baufinanzen der TU Dresden/ Verausgabte Mittel 1994-98 57 8.9 Drittmittelvolumen der TU Dresden nach Fakultäten 1994-98 58 8.10 Drittmittelvolumen der TU Dresden nach Wissenschaftsgebieten 1991-98 (Diagramm) 59 8.11 Drittmittelprojekte der TU Dresden/ Anzahl der Projekte 1992-98 60 9. Gebäude 9.1 Gebäude der TU Dresden 1998 (siehe Anhang) 9.2 Hauptnutzflächen (HNF) der TU Dresden nach Fakultäten 1994-98 61 9.3 Hauptnutzflächen (HNF) nach Wissenschaftsgebieten 1994-98 62 9.4 Anzahl der Räume nach Wissenschaftsgebieten 1994-98 (ohne Medizin) 62 9.5 Laufende Große Baumaßnahmen (GBM) an der TU Dresden 1998 63 10. Literaturhinweise 64 11. Anhang 65 Übersichtsplan Dresden (mit Lage der Teilpläne der TU Dresden) Lageplan des Campus der TU Dresden (Südvorstadt) Teilplan 1 - Weberplatz und Johannstadt Teilplan 2 - Blasewitz

Ce mémoire porte sur l'évolution des politiques de défense et de sécurité de la République fédérale d'Allemagne de 1955 à aujourd'hui. Trois thèmes principaux y sont abordés. La conscription, l'Alliance atlantique et la participation de la Bundeswehr aux missions hors-zones sont tour à tour étudiées à l'aide des trois modèles analytiques décrits par Graham Allison dans son ouvrage, Essence of Decision: Explaining the Cuban Missile Crisis. L'étude de ces trois thèmes nous indique que la politique bureaucratique joue un important rôle pour expliquer le changement, tout comme la continuité de certaines politiques du gouvernement de Berlin.

Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2001. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The recent enactment of the Competition Act 89 of 1998, has resulted in a world of speculation and discussion. The reason seems to be that the previously 'protected' monopolies who were allowed to continue with business without fear of retribution, have now been stopped in their tracks with the new legislation. South African legal application and protection has been rather one sided in previous years with specific reference to the protection of minorities. This was exasperated by the political and economical situation in South Africa in the eighties. Sanctions led to consolidation of companies and industries, because companies were not allowed to take money of the country. This had a negative result on the competitive situation and the little guys had to survive on the dregs. The new Act is based on the American anti-trust legislation as well as the competition law of the European Union. It is therefore of utmost importance to take note of this international law with specific reference to the interpretation of the Competition Act due to the fact that the Act is so recent. The Competition Act expressly provides for the use of foreign law in the interpretation of the Act. This project is not a comparative study between current competition legislation available in the world. It purports to be a more user friendly guide to business people to make the Act more useful and understandable. The project focuses on some helpful hints to assist the reader with interpretation and application. The project gives a short description of the development of competition legislation in South Africa in Chapter 2. Chapter 3 is a discussion on the main sections of the Act that deal with prohibited practices, dominant position, mergers and remedies and enforcement. A few examples are given of uncompetitive behaviour. Chapter 4 deals with the helpful hints and illustrates thresholds as determined in section 11, with the help of diagrams, it also lists a few helpful references of handy resources. The project ends off with a short conclusion. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die onlangse inwerkingtreding van die Wet op Mededinging 89 van 1998, het 'n wêreld van spekulasie en bespreking ontketen. Die rede hiervoor is dat die voorheen "beskermde monopolieë" tot op hede kon voortgaan met besigheid sonder stoornis, hierdie stuk wetgewing het hulle egter nou tot halt geroep. Suid-Afrikaanse regswerking en -beskerming was in die vorige jare van regering effens eensydig met betrekking tot beskerming van minderhede. Die verskynsel is aangehelp deur die politieke en ekonomiese situasie waarin SA homself bevind het in die tagtigerjare. Sanksies het gely tot konsolidasie van maatskappye en industrieë, aangesien firmas nie geld uit die land mag geneem het nie. Die resultaat hiervan was monopolieë en konglomerate. Hierdie verskynsel het negatief ingewerk op kompeterende ekonomiese toestande, en die "kleiner outjies" moes die krummels van die tafel af eet. Die nuwe stuk wetgewing is gebasseer op die Amerikaanse "anti-trust" wetgewing sowel as die kompetisie wetgewing van die Europese Unie. Dit is noodsaaklik om kennis te neem van hierdie Internasionale wetgewing, veral in terme van die interprestasie van die Wet op Mededinging, siende dat ons eie wetgwing baie resent is. Die Wet maak ook daarvoor voorsiening dat Internasionale reg in ag geneem moet word vir interpretasie van enige van die artikels van die Wet. Hierdie werkstuk is nie 'n vergelykende studie tussen die bestaande wetgewing wat in die wêreld beskikbaar is nie, maar poog om 'n meer gebruikers vriendelike gids te wees vir veral besigheidsmense om die Wet makliker bruikbaar en verstaanbaar te maak. Die studie fokus daarop om 'n opsommende beskrywing te gee van die Wet sowel as die formulering van bepaalde hulpmiddels om die leser van hulp te wees met interpretasie en toepassing. Die werkstuk gee 'n kort beskrywing van die ontwikkeling van Kompetisie wetgewing in Suid-Afrika in Hoofstuk 2. Hoofstuk 3 is 'n bespreking van die hoof artikels van die Wet wat handelaar beperkende praktyke, dominansie, samesmeltings en oornames, remedies en afdwinging. Daar volg ook 'n bespreking van 'n paar tipiese voorbeelde van onkompeterende praktyke. Hoofstuk 4 handel oor hulpmiddels en illustreer by wyse van diagramme, die drempels vir vasstelling van welke firma onderhewig is aan artikel 11, sowel as 'n paar verwysings van handige bronne. Die werkstuk sluit af met 'n kort gevolgtrekking.

Martha Gellhorn and Ernest Hemingway met in Key West in 1937, married in 1941, and divorced in 1945. Gellhorn's work exhibits a strong influence from Hemingway's work, including collaboration on her work during their marriage. I will discuss three of her six novels: WMP (1934), Liana (1944), and Point of No Return (1948). The areas of influence that I will rely on in many ways follow the stages Harold Bloom outlines in Anxiety of Influence. Gellhorn's work exposes a stage of influence that Bloom does not describe-which I term collaborative. By looking at Hemingway's influence in Gellhorn's writing the difference between traditional literary influence and collaborative influence can be compared and analyzed, revealing the footprints left in a work by a collaborating author as opposed to simply an influential one.

Informe de Seminario para optar al grado de Licenciado en Lengua y Literatura Hispánica mención Literatura

The Nigerian banking system is presently riddled with distress, insolvency, and failure. The system is passing through what might seem the roughest phase in its history. The present bank distress and insolvency have culminated in the failure of many banks. In an attempt to correct this unhealthy development, the regulatory authorities (CBN and NDIC) have devised and implemented many novel policies to check this drift. Despite their efforts, however, the cankerworm continues to eat deeper into the Nigerian banking system. This study seeks to identify significant factors that might explain Nigeria's banking system failure as perceived by bank officials, and to recommend ways to minimize bank failure in Nigeria. The banking authorities, to a large extent, focused on a single cause of bank failure, such as unprofessionalism on the part of bank personnel. The majority of those interviewed accused them of committing fraud. The study showed that during the era of bank deregulation, a wider array of factors might have contributed to bank failure. The factors identified in this study are as follows: 1. The acute shortage of experienced and seasoned banking professionals during the era of banking deregulation led to an increase of forgeries and other abuses. 2. The inconsistent and frequent changes in macroeconomic policies during the period under study have negatively affected other macro-economic indicators. 3. Some factors during the period under investigation led to some banks' inability to meet standards set by the CBN/NDIC in respect to: capital adequacy, asset quality, management profile, earnings strength, and liquidity guidelines. 4. Lack of central bank independence contributed to bank failure. This study is important because the proposed recommendations would be of interest to operators of the banking industry, to regulators in the industry, as well as to the Nigerian government in its efforts to chart a new course in the Nigerian banking industry in the twenty-first century.

Das Buch "Seuils" des französischen Literaturwissenschaftlers Gérard Genette wurde unter dem Titel "Paratexte" ins Deutsche übersetzt. Genette beschreibt den Paratext als "jenes Beiwerk, durch das ein Text zum Buch wird und als solches vor die Leser und, allgemeiner, vor die Öffentlichkeit tritt." (Genette, Gérard: Paratexte. Das Buch vom Beiwerk des Buches. Frankfurt a.M., 2001, S. 10.) In dieser Dissertation werden die Paratexte von 47 Sagenbüchern untersucht. Das Buchkorpus wird nach folgenden zwei Zeiträumen aufgeteilt: a) Buchkorpus mit Sagenbüchern aus dem Zeitraum von 1851 bis 1925. b) Buchkorpus mit Sagenbüchern aus dem Zeitraum von 1946 bis 1998. Die untersuchten Paratexte sind zum Beispiel: Nennung des Herausgebers, Titel, Vorwort, Schrift, Illustrationen und Umschlag. / The book "Seuils" written by the French literature specialist Gérard Genette was translated into German under the title "Paratexte". Genette describes the paratext as "all the ways in which a text makes itself a book and presents itself as such to its readers, and more generally to the public." (Genette, Gérard: Paratexte. Das Buch vom Beiwerk des Buches. Frankfurt a.M., 2001, p. 10.) In this dissertation the paratexts of 47 books of legends are investigated. The corpus is divided into the following two periods of time: a) Corpus containing books of legends from 1851 to 1925. b) Corpus containing books of legends from 1946 to 1998. The analysed paratexts, for example, are: the publisher's name, the title, the preface, the script, illustrations and the cover.

Esta tese tem por objetivo estudar as barreiras à operacionalidade da multi, inter e transdisciplinaridade (tratados em conjunto pelo termo "arranjos colaborativos") em 4 Institutos Nacionais de Ciência e Tecnologia (INCTs), escolhidos a partir de seu potencial para operar arranjos transdisciplinares. Com esse intuito foi utilizado o método de estudo de caso, amparado por documentos oficiais e entrevistas semi-estruturadas, foram, também, utilizados métodos cienciométricos para a construção de determinadas categorias analíticas. O referencial teórico utilizado foi a teoria sistêmica de Niklas Luhmann. O universo da investigação foi o sistema nacional de inovação brasileiro, pois, os INCTs operam nesse contexto, acoplados a diversos sistemas funcionais: o sistema científico, o sistema educacional e o sistema político. A partir dessa estrutura, perguntou-se quais são as barreiras à operacionalidade dos arranjos colaborativos e em que medida tais barreiras afetam a produção de inovação baseada em pesquisa. Ao fim concluiu-se, no contexto do caso específico investigado, que diferentes barreiras em sinergia afetam à operacionalidade dos arranjos colaborativos, tais barreiras são reforçadas pela semântica da Academia, a semântica emergente a partir da operação das políticas científica e educacional que amparam a produção científica atual nos INCTs investigados. / The current Thesis aims to analyse the barriers to the operationality of multi, inter and transdisciplinarity (considered altogether as “collaborative arrangements”) within four National Institutes of Science and Technology (INCTs), chosen from their potencial of operating transdisciplinary arrangements. To proceed with such research, the method utilised was “Case Study”, alongside the analysis of official documents and semi-structured interviews; Scientometrics was utilized in order to stablish certain analytical categories. The theoretical reference was the german author’s Niklas Luhmann system’s theory. The investigation’s background that sustained the research was the Brazilian National Innovation System, since the INCTs operate within its boundaries, attached to a series of other functional systems, such as the scientific, educational and political. Starting from this pre-existing structure, it was deemed inquired which the barriers to operate collaborative arrangements are, and in which measures these barriers interfere with the production of research based innovation. Lastly, the current Thesis has come to the conclusion that, considering its case study, the synergy among different barriers impacts on the collaborative arrengements. These barriers are reinforced and catalysed by the Academical semantics and also by the uprising structures, all starting from the operation of scientific and political systems, which sustains the INTCs’ current scientific production.

La presente tesis estudia el proceso de transformación de las estrategias de inserción laboral adoptadas por los comuneros de Huaraucaca entre 1998 y 2015, para articularse al encadenamiento productivo generado por la Sociedad Minera El Brocal (en adelante SMEB) en el distrito Fundición Tinyahuarco, Pasco. Asimismo, estudiamos las condiciones estructurales de la industria minera peruana y su mercado laboral, a través de la política de responsabilidad social de la SMEB. También enfatizaremos los cambios institucionales de la comunidad campesina de Huaraucaca, luego de consolidar empresas comunales de intermediación y tercerización de labores mineras a la SMEB. Se adoptó una metodología cualitativa de perspectiva histórica, teniendo como unidades de análisis a los comuneros y líderes comunales de Huaruacaca. Asimismo, complementamos la mirada del problema estudiado con las perspectivas de los representantes de la SMEB y funcionarios de la Municipalidad Distrital Fundición Tinyahuarco. La reconstrucción histórica de las estrategias de inserción laboral y el impacto en la institucionalidad comunal se basa en dos momentos en la historia comunal: antes y después de la formación de empresas comunales en 1998. Además, estudiamos el rol de la SMEB a través de dos variables importantes: las necesidades operativas de la empresa minera y la implementación de una política de responsabilidad social en dicha empresa. Los resultados de la investigación señalan la transición de una estrategia individualizada de inserción laboral (1990-1998) hacia una estrategia comunal basada en la consolidación de empresas comunales. Asimismo, los hallazgos muestran que el fortalecimiento institucional de la comunidad campesina de Huaraucaca ha significado la re-valorización de la comunidad como organización empresarial de inserción laboral; sin embargo, también se evidencia des-continuidades en prácticas comunitarias como las faenas comunales. La estructura de la presente tesis consta de tres capítulos centrales. El primer capítulo se divide en cuatros secciones: pautas de investigación, marco teórico, metodología e hipótesis de investigación. El segundo capítulo expone las características de los actores centrales en el problema de investigación, los cuales son: la Comunidad Campesina de Huaraucaca y sus empresas comunales, la Sociedad Minera El Brocal y la Municipalidad Distrital de Tinyahuarco. El tercer capítulo presentamos los resultados obtenidos a partir de la metodología escogida, comprendiendo, en primer lugar, el rol de la SMEB en el proceso histórico de transformación de estrategias de inserción laboral, a partir de sus necesidades operativas y la implementación de una política de responsabilidad social. En segundo lugar, exponemos las estrategias de inserción laboral de los comuneros de Huaraucaca, diferenciándolas en el proceso histórico de fortalecimiento institucional (1998-2015). Asimismo, en ambas subsecciones, abrimos el espectro de la investigación al mostrar nuevos hallazgos como las transformaciones en las relaciones laborales, diferenciación social intra-comunal y lógicas de territorialidad entre las comunidades campesinas de Tinyahuarco. Por último, exponemos las principales conclusiones a las que ha llegado la presente tesis, finalizando con preguntas para próximas investigaciones. / Tesis