Mon mémoire est un essai bibliographique. Une tentative pour trouver naturellement une manière d’écrire et de discuter. Une recherche d’une forme authentique pour développer une pensée conséquente de mon travail d’atelier et par le fait même, éviter de décrire ce dernier. J’ai l’ambition d’évoquer implicitement la peinture, pour progresser, ou régresser, vers une sensation de crédibilité des choses. Some Writings est un exercice dont le cadre n’est pas théorique, mais littéraire, pour évoquer des choses indirectement, par analogie.

Les perturbations en rafales peuvent entraver la régénération naturelle des peuplements forestiers en forêt boréale. En forêt aménagée les coupes forestières sont des perturbations qui ont le potentiel d’affecter la capacité de régénération des forêts. On s’attend à un effet combiné des perturbations naturelles et de l’aménagement sur l’ouverture du couvert forestier, entravant la capacité d’y réaliser un aménagement forestier durable, notamment en réduisant la quantité de peuplements productifs. En milieu boréal, l’accumulation de la matière organique (paludification) contraint la remise en reproduction des peuplements récoltés et peut aussi affecter la productivité forestière. Or ces événements ne sont que partiellement intégrés dans les calculs des possibilités forestières. Il est donc important d’évaluer ce qui se produit si on ne tient pas compte de l’ouverture potentielle des peuplements par les perturbations, ainsi que l’impact de la perte de productivité causée par la paludification. Pour développer des stratégies d’aménagement propices au rétablissementdes peuplements tout en étant économiquement viables, je propose un calcul de possibilités mis à l’épreuve dans un modèle de dynamique des paysages qui intègre le régime de feux, la paludification, la récolte forestière et les accidents de régénération pour mesurer sa robustesse. Je teste trois stratégies d’aménagement concentrées sur le reboisement, une qui correspond aux stratégies actuelles(scénario REF), une basée sur l’accessibilité des superficies à traiter (scénario ACC) et la dernière qui consiste en une remise en production de l’ensemble des superficies brûlées et paludifiées(scénario TOT). J’évalue le succès des stratégies avec les médianes du volume récolté, de la proportion de superficies fermées, ouvertes et paludifiées, d’un indice de la productivité ainsi que du coût de reboisement. Après 150 ans, la productivité du territoire montre une diminution par rapport à l’état actuelde –7,6 % et –2,5 % pour les scénarios REF et ACC et une augmentation de 0,9 % pour le scénario TOT. La récolte sans modalités particulières des superficies paludifiées risque d’engendrer une forte augmentation des peuplements ouverts (+8 % du territoire en 50 ans) compromettant les objectifs de l’aménagement durable. La stratégie qui consiste à reboiser les secteurs accessibles apparait comme la plus propice à l’atteinte des cibles de l’aménagement forestier durable en prenant en compte la faisabilité opérationnelle. Malgré des calculs de possibilités aux 5 ans, les résultats suggèrent que l’historique de coupe du territoire d’étude amènera dans les prochaines décennies une période critique dans la gestion des peuplements paludifiés. Finalement, je montre que l’utilisation du volume maximal potentiel absolu (VMPA) comme indice de productivité a permis d’anticipé les problèmes beaucoup plus tôt qu’avec les indices usuels des calculs de possibilités. / Successive disturbances such as successive fires can hinder the natural regeneration of forest stands in the boreal forest. Futhermore, in managed forests, logging is a disturbance that has the potential to affect the regenerative capacity of forests. The combined effect of natural disturbance and management is therefore expected to have an impact on the opening of forests coverand to hinder the ability to achieve sustainable forest management notably by reducing the amount of productive forest stands. In addition, in the boreal environment, the accumulation of organic matter (paludification) causes constraints in growth of harvested stands and can affect forest productivity. These events are only partially integrated into the computations of annual allowable cuts. It is therefore important to evaluate the impacts of not considering the potential opening of stands by disturbances and the loss of productivity caused by paludification on a managed forest landscape. In addition, it isuseful to develop management and evaluate strategies able to promote the restoration of stands through growth and adequate regeneration while being economically viable. To do this, the computation of annual allowable cut is done in a model that integrates the fire regime, the paludification process, forest harvesting and regeneration failure to measure the robustness of different management strategies. Three management strategies focused on reforestation are developed and tested, one that corresponds to the current strategy (REF scenario), one based on the accessibility of the areas to be treated (ACC scenario) and the last one, which consists to return all the burned and paludified areas to production via planting (TOT scenario). The results are analyzed with different indicators of success (volume harvested, proportion of closed, open and paludified areas, reforestation costs, productivity index) and expressed as medians to ensure a reasonable level of protection. After 150 years, territory’s productivity decreases for scenarios REF and ACC (-7.6 % and -2.5 %) and increases for TOT scenario (+ 0.9 %). Harvesting paludified area without specific modalities concerning regeneration failure and stand opening may result in a sharp rise in open stands (+ 8% of the territory in 50 years) compromising the objectives of sustainable development. The strategy of reforesting accessible areas appears to be the most likely to achieve sustainable forest management targets by taking into account operational feasibility.The results suggest that despite the computation of annual allowable cuts every 5 years, the harvesting history of the study area has led to the arrival of a critical period in the management of paludified stands. Finally, I showed that using the absolute maximum potential volume (VMPA) as a productivity index made it possible to anticipate easily problems much earlier than with the usual indices of possibility calculations

Certaines géophytes telles que les éphémères printanières sont connues pour mieux se développer à des températures basses, avec comme résultat de plus gros organes pérennes souterrains. Une température plus basse induit une plus longue longévité des feuilles, ce qui permet une plus grande quantité du carbone fixé qui est alloué dans le bulbe et investi principalement sous forme de stockage (amidon), ce qui augmente la quantité de réserves par rapport à une température plus élevée. Les travaux précédents suggèrent que cette croissance accrue à basse température est liée à un meilleur équilibre entre l'activité de l'organe source et celle du puits, ce qui expliquerait la durée de vie plus longue des feuilles. Dans cette étude, nous voulions approfondir notre compréhension des facteurs intrinsèques qui influencent la croissance des organes de réserve chez les géophytes et qui expliquent les fortes croissances observées aux faibles températures chez ces espèces. Nous tentions également d'identifier les voies signalétiques qui induisent la sénescence foliaire lorsque le puits se remplit d'amidon en ayant recours à une approche métabolomique et à l'établissement du profil phytohormonal. L'espèce étudiée, l'érythrone d'Amérique (Erythronium americanum Ker-Gawl.), a été cultivée suivant trois régimes de températures: 8/6 °C, 12/8 °C et 18/14 °C (jour/nuit). Les taux respiratoires des plantes ont été mesurés à la température de croissance et à une température commune afin de tester notre hypothèse selon laquelle la respiration s'acclimate à la température de croissance tant au niveau de la feuille que du bulbe, principalement par la voie alternative, comme moyen de réduire le déséquilibre source−puits. Les différents glucides non structuraux (NSC) et structuraux (SC) du bulbe ont été déterminés qualitativement et quantitativement, ce qui nous a permis de vérifier si les plantes pouvaient ajuster leur répartition du carbone dans différents composés (NSC vs SC) une fois que les cellules sont remplies d'amidon. Nous avons également caractérisé les phytohormones et métabolites et surtout ceux qui sont étroitement associés au stade phénologique précédant la sénescence foliaire afin d'identifier les voies signalétiques qui établissent le lien entre la diminution de la force du puits et l'induction de la sénescence foliaire. L'homéostasie des taux de respiration au niveau de la feuille, combinée à un faible taux d'assimilation chez les plantes cultivées à basse température suggère que ces plantes sont capables de réduire la quantité de carbone disponible pour la translocation vers le bulbe afin de maintenir un meilleur équilibre entre l'activité de la source et celle du puits, et ce pour une durée plus longue. La respiration du bulbe est stimulée au fur et à mesure que la limitation du puits se développe, répondant ainsi fort probablement à un déséquilibre source–puits. Les plantes cultivées à la température plus élevée semblent investir davantage de carbone vers les composants de la paroi cellulaire par rapport à celles cultivées à la température plus basse une fois que les cellules sont remplies d'amidon. Cet ajustement de la répartition du carbone entre NSC et SC pourrait permettre à ces plantes de maintenir leur force du puits du moins pendant quelques jours de plus. Certains métabolites et phytohormones semblent être des déclencheurs de la sénescence foliaire, mais plusieurs sont spécifiques à l'un ou l'autre des organes ou spécifiques à un régime de température. Un accroissement des niveaux de cytokinines lorsque la feuille devient mature et leur maintien à des valeurs élevées jusqu'au début de la sénescence foliaire pourrait contrebalancer l'abondance accrue des sucres solubles au moins pendant un certain temps et éviter ainsi d'induire une sénescence précoce. Nous avons également identifié cinq métabolites qui pourraient servir en tant que facteurs signalétiques généraux pouvant induire la sénescence foliaire, à savoir le 2-O-glycérol-β-D-galactopyranoside, le mannose, le fructose, le sorbose et le maltose. Cette étude nous a aidés à mieux caractériser les voies signalétiques qui associent la diminution de la force du puits et l'induction de la sénescence foliaire et à comprendre l'acclimatation de cette espèce à la température. Nous pouvons finalement conclure que cette géophyte printanière, dont la croissance est limitée par le puits, semble capable de moduler sa force de puits de manière différentielle sous différentes températures de croissance afin d'éviter la sénescence foliaire encore plus précoce dans les situations de déséquilibre source–puits. / Some geophytes such as spring ephemerals are known to grow better at lower temperatures, which results in larger underground perennial organs. A lower temperature induces a longer leaf life span, which allows the plant to fix more carbon. This extra carbon is allocated to the bulb and invested mostly as storage (starch) form, thus increasing the amount of reserves found in cool compared to higher temperature grown plants. Previous works suggested that such increased growth at low temperature is related to a better equilibrium between source and sink activities. In this study, we wanted to deepen our understanding of the intrinsic factors that influence the growth of reserve organs in geophytes and to explain the strong growth observed at low temperature in these species. We also attempted to identify the signaling pathways that induce leaf senescence when the sink organ is filled with starch, using a metabolomic approach and a phytohormonal profiling. The species studied, yellow trout-lily (Erythronium americanum Ker-Gawl.), was grown at three temperature regimes: 8/6 °C, 12/8 °C et 18/14 °C (day/night). Respiratory rates at both the leaf and bulb levels were measured at the respective growth temperatures and at a common temperature in order to test our hypothesis that dark respiration acclimates to growth temperature, mainly via the alternative pathway, as a means of reducing the source−sink imbalance. The different non-structural carbohydrates (NSC) and structural carbohydrates (SC) in the bulb were qualitatively and quantitatively determined, which allowed us to verify if the plants could adjust their carbon partitioning between different compounds (NSC vs. SC) once the cells are filled with starch. We also characterized phytohormones and metabolites, especially those closely associated with the phenological stages that precede senescence, to identify the signaling pathways that establish the link between the decrease of sink strength and the induction of leaf senescence in this species. Homeostasis of leaf respiration combined with lower assimilation in cool-grown plants suggests that these plants can reduce the amount of carbon available for translocation to the bulb to maintain a better balance between source and sink activities over a longer period. Bulb respiration can be stimulated as sink limitation builds up, likely in response to source–sink imbalance. A preferential carbon partitioning into cell wall compounds was found in warm-grown plants once the cells were filled with starch. Such adjustment of C between NSC and SC could represent an effective way to maintain the sink strength under warm temperature at least for a few more days. Some phytohormones and metabolites appear to pay a role in triggering leaf senescence, but many are specific to one organ or specific to a temperature regime. Increased levels of cytokinins during the mature leaf stage and into the senescence stage might counteract the increasing abundance of soluble sugars at least for a while, and thus avoid inducing an early leaf senescence. We have also pointed out five metabolites that could potentially serve as general signaling factors to induce leaf senescence, namely 2-O-glycerol-β-D-galactopyranoside, mannose, fructose, sorbose and maltose. This study has helped us better characterize the signaling pathways that associate the decrease in sink strength with the induction of leaf senescence. It also improve our understanding of the thermal acclimation of this species. We may ultimately conclude that this sink-limited spring geophyte seems to be able to differentially modulate its sink strength under different growth temperatures in order to avoid early leaf senescence in situations of source–sink imbalances.

This thesis has sought to examine the conceptualisation(s) of the field of Olympic education identified in the English language literature, and to evaluate the planning of Olympic education in practice, specifically in relation to the preparation of Olympic education programmes and systems for the Tokyo 2020 Olympics and Paralympics. When Pierre de Coubertin introduced the modern Olympic Games, one of the ideas for the revival of the Games was to educate young people through sport. Despite Coubertin s educational philosophy, the Olympic Games have long failed to represent ideals of fair play, equal opportunity, and international harmony but being replaced by bribery, corruption, commercialism, drug use and gender discrimination instead. The IOC has strengthened the roles and mission of the Olympic bodies in particular relation to the promotion of Olympic values and Olympism through the implementation of Olympic education. As a policy aim for the Olympic Movement, the development of Olympic education programmes has become a key goal for the IOC and thus host cities/nations. Providing a concept of Olympic and Paralympic education programmes in preparation for staging the Olympic Games is a compulsory requirement for host cities and nations. However, in spite of the IOC s recent explicit and intended commitment to the development of Olympic education policies in practice, explanation of Olympic education as a concept and a set of practices is imprecise and relatively underdeveloped in the Olympic related area. In addition, there is a lack of understanding of how universal values and concepts of Olympic education are perceived and communicated in culturally diverse contexts. The thesis is divided into two related parts, which seeks to provide two fundamental contributions to knowledge in this field. Part One is focused on a meta-narrative review of the English language literature on Olympic education. The methodology of a meta-narrative review is an extension of the systematic review process and facilitates the identification of the contribution of research traditions to the phenomena under review, in this case the conceptualisation and operationalisation of Olympic education. Through the process of meta-narrative review, six research traditions were identified: educational philosophy; critical sociology; curriculum development; education psychology; development of evaluation measures; and policy analysis and evaluation. II The results of the review identified how Olympic education has been conceptualised with various unfolding storylines in different research traditions, and this analysis subsequently provided the basis for the second key element of the study in the form of templates against which to evaluate the Olympic education programmes and systems associated with Tokyo 2020. Part Two employs a case study approach and is focused on the analysis of six cases using a realist evaluation methodology, employing analytic logic models and analysis of Context-Mechanism-Outcome (CMO) configurations. This facilitates the development of explicit and/or implicit causal claims about changes brought about by Japanese Olympic education programmes. The research has also contributed to developing a critical review of Olympic education programmes in a culturally specific, non-western context. Provision of Olympic education, within the context of national legislation requiring its introduction into the school curriculum developed by various stakeholders, represents a unique and culturally specific context for its study. Not only its education system, but also the cultural and historical values embedded within Japanese Olympic education programmes derive from the Japanese understanding of Olympism and universal Olympic values based on the Japanese values such as harmony, in particular applied in the effort in the recovery from national disasters, moral values learned from Judo and physical education, and Japanese ways of expressing hospitality. Thus, this case study of Tokyo 2020 acts as an exemplar in the diffusing of ways of developing and delivering the benefits of Olympic education programmes in culturally specific context.

This diploma thesis deals with the evaluation of financing of EU`s environmental policy with focus on the field of endangered species protection. The evaluation of the present state of financing the environmental policy within EU is elaborated with the emphasis on the oncoming Strategy 2014-2020 and current expenses for environmental issues within EU financed from the EU`s budget. Based on the analysis of the current situation of funding of endangered species protection in EU, the proposal for funding on supranational level within EU was elaborated with further recommendation for management of policy of endangered species protection by common policy of EU member states in future.

L’objectif de ce mémoire est de définir et de développer des notions diverses sur la théorie des fonctions presque périodiques sur la droite réelle, d’utiliser ses propriétés comme outils importants dans la compréhension et la preuve des principaux résultats, soit particulièrement le critère de Bochner, le théorème d’approximation et la relation de Parseval pour ce type de fonction. Nous terminerons par l’étude des séries de Dirichlet pour les fonctions presque périodiques holomorphes dans une bande du plan complexe C. / L’objectif de ce mémoire est de définir et de développer des notions diverses sur la théorie des fonctions presque périodiques sur la droite réelle, d’utiliser ses propriétés comme outils importants dans la compréhension et la preuve des principaux résultats, soit particulièrement le critère de Bochner, le théorème d’approximation et la relation de Parseval pour ce type de fonction. Nous terminerons par l’étude des séries de Dirichlet pour les fonctions presque périodiques holomorphes dans une bande du plan complexe C.

Diploma thesis is focused on the support of Latinos voters for Donald Trump in the 2020 presidential election. Hispanics in general are more supporters of the Democratic Party, so the increased support for Donald Trump proclaimed in media after the election has been surprising for many experts and public especially regarding Trump's rhetoric and his attacks on some Hispanic prominent figures. In the thesis, I discuss whether Donald Trump gained more Latinos support in the election. I argue that Donald Trump gained more Latino support in the election. The thesis is confirmed in the theoretical and practical part based on an analysis of composition of the Hispanic electorate, pre-election, and post-election surveys and through the analysis of counties with at least 70% concentration of Hispanic population. The thesis also deals with Donald Trump's election campaign and the motivation of Latinos to vote for the Republican candidate. Donald Trump tried to reach out Hispanic voters more than in 2016 through greater funding of political spots, greater representation of Latinos in the election team, debates targeting Latinos voters and other initiatives. These moves were symbolic rather than practical in nature. The voting of Latinos for Donald Trump was probably influenced by external factors - the...

Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2019-03-18T12:11:07Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Gisele Martins Alves_.pdf: 4440874 bytes, checksum: d7d06bbc7558456b4084aff2f1ebf2db (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2019-03-18T12:11:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gisele Martins Alves_.pdf: 4440874 bytes, checksum: d7d06bbc7558456b4084aff2f1ebf2db (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-10-23 / Colégio Anchieta - Rede Jesuíta de Educação / A presente pesquisa teve como objetivo realizar a captação de ideias com a comunidade educativa do Colégio Anchieta de Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, contribuindo para a gestão participativa no processo de inovação do projeto pedagógico da Educação Infantil. O conhecimento da mudança profunda da educação que está acontecendo no Projeto Horizonte 2020, na Espanha, foi uma referência para compreender como juntos podemos transformar um projeto educativo. O estudo bibliográfico do referido projeto indicou seis âmbitos de trabalho no processo de inovação no contexto das escola jesuítas na Espanha, os quais serviram de referência para realizar, nesta investigação, a escuta da comunidade quanto às suas prioridades de inovação em relação a: métodos, conteúdos e valores; espaços educativos; alunos e professores; tempo e organização; tecnologias e recursos; família e entorno. A apresentação da proposta de investigação à comunidade e a entrega de uma Carta Convite em uma reunião de pais foi o ponto de partida para a participação da comunidade da educação infantil, que se deu por meio de um questionário, respondido por adesão. A pesquisa de campo contou com 68 participantes, de um total de 193 convidados. Quanto à análise dos resultados, além dos dados quantitativos, foi utilizado o procedimento da Análise Textual Discursiva (ATD) das ideias apresentadas na questão, aberta: "Você gostaria de oferecer uma boa ideia para construirmos caminhos de inovação na Educação Infantil do Colégio Anchieta? Faça sua sugestão!". Da análise dos dados resultou o levantamento de ideias para a construção de caminhos de inovação na Educação Infantil do Colégio Anchieta, Nova Friburgo. Concluiu-se que já existem claras proposições de inovação em alguns âmbitos de trabalho, enquanto outros merecem a continuidade da escuta da comunidade. Por isso, para a devolução à comunidade, foi elaborada uma Carta Pedagógica Devolutiva da Pesquisa comunicando as principais ideias de inovação, bem como os principais questionamentos que sugerem a continuidade do diálogo. Desta forma, a pesquisa contribuiu para a reflexão sobre o que devemos mudar, mas também para a compreensão sobre a importância da criação de uma cultura participativa na escola e da necessidade de ampliação dos canais de participação da comunidade na escola. / This recent research had the goal of gathering ideas with Colegio Anchieta´s educative community, from Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, adding towards participative management in the process of innovation of the pedagogic project in Children´s Education. Once getting to know the deep changes in education that are going on in Horizon 2020 project, in Spain, it has been a reference to understand and to learn how we can, together, transform an educational project. The bibliographical research done has identified six areas of work in the process of innovation that have been references in the process of listening to the ideas of the education community about their innovational priorities regarding methods, contents and values, educational facilities, students and teachers, technologies and resources, and family and surroundings. The presentation of the proposal of research and the delivery of a letter of invitation during a meeting with parents was the starting point for the participation of the children´s education community, which was operationalized by a questionary, answered by adhesion. The field research was answered by 68 people out of a total of 193 possible participants. The data analysis has also involved the discursive textual analyzsis (DTA) of the presented ideas in the open question: “Which suggestion would you like to present in order to help us building ways of innovation in the Children´s Education of Colegio Anchieta? Give us your best thoughts!”. Analysing the data received, we have developed the ideas for the construction of innovative routes in Children´s Education of Colegio Anchieta, Nova Friburgo. We have come to the conclusion that they have some crystal clear innovation proposals in some of the areas of work and there are some other that demand us to keep our ears open to the community. For this, in the return of the research, we developed an Pedagogical Letter of the research to the community where we have exposed the main ideas of innovation and also the main questions that suggest the continuous need of exchanging ideas. The research has helped us to realize what are the points that need to be changed and also the understanding about the importance of development of a of participative culture in the school and the need of having more channels of community participation. / La presente pesquisa tuvo como objetivo realizar la captación de ideas con la comunidad educativa del Colegio Anchieta de Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, contribuyendo para la gestión participativa en el proceso de innovación del proyecto pedagógico de la Educación Infantil. El conocimiento del cambio profundo de la educación que está sucediendo en el Proyecto Horizonte 2020, en España, fue una referencia para comprender como juntos podemos transformar un proyecto educativo. El estudio bibliográfico del referido proyecto indicó seis ámbitos de trabajo en el proceso de innovación en el contexto de las escuelas jesuitas en España, que sirvieron de referencia para realizar, en esta investigación, la escucha de la comunidad en cuanto a sus prioridades de innovación en relación a: métodos, contenidos y valores; espacios educativos; alumnos y maestros; tiempo y organización; tecnologías y recursos; familia y entorno. La presentación de la propuesta de investigación a la comunidad y la entrega de una Carta Invitación en una reunión de padres fue el punto de partida para la participación de la comunidad de la educación infantil, que se dio por medio de un cuestionario, respondido por adhesión. La investigación de campo contó con 68 participantes, de un total de 193 invitados. En cuanto el análisis de los resultados, además de los datos cuantitativos, se utilizó el procedimiento del Análisis Textual Discursiva (ATD) de las ideas presentadas en la cuestión, abierta: "¿Le gustaría ofrecer una buena idea para que construyamos caminos de innovación en la Educación Infantil del Colegio Anchieta? ¡Haga su sugerencia!". Del análisis de los datos resultó el levantamiento de ideas para la construcción de caminos de innovación en la Educación Infantil del Colegio Anchieta, Nova Friburgo. Se concluyó que ya existen claras proposiciones de innovación en algunos ámbitos de trabajo, mientras otros merecen la continuidad de la escucha de la comunidad. Por eso, para la devolución a la comunidad, se elaboró una Carta Pedagógica Devolutiva de la Pesquisa comunicando las principales ideas de innovación, así como los principales cuestionamientos que sugieren la continuidad del diálogo. De esta forma, la pesquisa contribuyó para la reflexión sobre lo que debemos alterar, bien como para la comprensión sobre la importancia de la creación de una cultura participativa en la escuela y de la necesidad de ampliación de los canales de participación de la comunidad en la escuela.

Die Publikation zum 150-jährigen Jubiläum der Dresdner Philharmonie enthält neben einer Orchesterchronik vertiefende Beiträge zu ausgewählten Aspekten der Orchestergeschichte - angefangen von der 'Kunst des Hörens' bis hin zum Interpretationsvergleich und einer ausführlichen Darstellung der Dresdner Philharmonie in der NS-Zeit. Zahlreiche Abbildungen und Übersichten ergänzen das Buch.

In this thesis, the relay communication between landed assets on the surface of Mars via a relay orbiter to Earth is studied for its latencies and the times which can be provided for the landed asset to work and for the ground to plan depending on the operational margins, the available ground station network and the available relay orbiters. In this context, an automated solver is developed to evaluate a locally optimal strategy of relay pass assignment respecting the different constraints and is proven to provide a solution close to the globally optimal one. The solver is determining the link opportunities and reasons on them, by minimising a cost function for each relay pass and choosing the cheapest ones in an iterative process. With this solver, it is shown that the best operational approach is to await commands confirmation and to provide the possibility of resending corrupted files. Moreover, it is shown that a 24/7 ground station coverage should be ideally provided, on which priority for booking should be given to relay missions since they depend on the actual timing of the orbiter overflights over the lander. Further- more, it is shown that adding additional relay orbiters increases the solution space drastically, making it desirable to use them. The possibility to restrict cross-agency support is assessed, showing that cross-support is still eligible. Finally, the data volume is shown to be sufficient to fulfil the ExoMars Rover and Surface Platform mission requirements, when using multiple orbiters, even though the solver itself would need extra capabilities to cope with allocating appropriate relay passes.