Governments all around the world have tried to address the problem of providing adequate and affordable housing to the nation over the last three decades. With no exemption, the Malaysian Government is committed to provide all Malaysians, particularly those in the low-income categories, access to adequate and affordable housing. Even with the numerous housing programmes implemented over the various five-year Malaysia Plans, there is still a shortage of affordable homes for the low-income people. The shortage of low-cost dwelling units, along with the high cost of limited land has resulted in rapid expansion of squatter settlements in urban areas. Around the World there is a shift from public to private finance for the delivery of infrastructure projects or related services. However, it has not been implemented to the same extent in affordable housing. This investigation examines not just the measurable deviation from the Malaysia Plan targets, but more importantly, determines an explanation for the deviation and develops a new model of public private partnership for affordable housing. The aim of this research is "to develop a housing model for implementation in affordable housing schemes through the promotion of innovative partnerships between the Government and Private Developers in Malaysia". The research methodology was a combination of literature investigation andinductive reasoning in which a theoretical proposition was tested and developed during data collection and analysis. The data collection included literature review, questionnaires, and follow up interviews with private developers in Malaysia. This research study identifies three models for partnerships between the Government and private developers for affordable housing in Malaysia. An evaluation process was undertaken to assess the appropriateness of the proposed models. The three models will provide tangible benefits in the provision of and access to affordable housing.

Für den Anbau von Biomasse-Dauerkulturen wie schnellwachsende Baumarten werden Anbauhinweise und -empfehlungen gegeben, die Aspekte des Boden-, Gewässer- und Naturschutzes berücksichtigen. Standorteignung, Wirkungen auf wildlebende Pflanzen- und Tierarten, entstehende Synergieeffekte, Einflüsse auf den Wasserhaushalt, Stoffeinträge in Gewässer sowie klimatische Wirkungen sind Teilaspekte, unter denen die Chancen und Risiken der energetischen Nutzung nachwachsender Rohstoffe im Rahmen eines mehrjährigen Verbundvorhabens in Sachsen untersucht wurden. Ergänzend wurde auch der Anbau einjähriger Energiepflanzen betrachtet.

Feinstaub kleiner 2,5 Mikrometer (PM2,5) ist ein neuer Parameter zur Beurteilung der Luftqualität. Ziel- und Grenzwerte für PM2,5 wurden mit der Novellierung der EU-Luftqualitätsrichtlinie 2008 zusätzlich zu denen für Feinstaub kleiner 10 Mikrometer (PM10) festgelegt. Die größten sächsischen Quellen für PM2,5 sind Straßenverkehr und Kleinfeuerungsanlagen für feste Brennstoffe. Industrie und Landwirtschaft sind weitere Quellen. Der Anteil von PM2,5 am PM10 ist bei den Jahresmittelwerten stabil. Deshalb können für die Beurteilung der Luftqualität an geringer belasteten Orten auch die bisher gemessenen PM10-Daten mit herangezogen werden. Der ab 2015 geltende Grenzwert für PM2,5 ist in Sachsen bisher nicht überschritten worden. Die erstmals für die ganze Fläche Sachsens modellierte Belastung hat für die Prognosejahre 2015 und 2020 ebenfalls keine Hinweise auf Grenzwertüberschreitungen ergeben. Das nationale Ziel für die Minderung der durchschnittlichen Exposition der Bevölkerung bis 2020 stellt noch einmal höhere Anforderungen an die Luftqualität.

Die Hochrechnung von Befragungsergebnissen zeigt, dass in Sachsen etwa 400.000 Holzkleinfeuerungsanlagen (HKFA) betrieben werden. Es handelt sich dabei überwiegend um kleinere, handbeschickte Anlagen, die oft nicht älter als zehn Jahre sind. Etwa 60 Prozent davon stehen in Haushalten im ländlichen Raum. Besonders viele HKFA wurden 2006 errichtet. Holzkleinfeuerungsanlagen erhöhen die Luftbelastung, insbesondere die Feinstaubwerte PM10. Betroffen sind vor allem ländliche Gebiete. Allerdings werden dort kaum PM10-Grenzwerte überschritten. Die regionale Hintergrundbelastung wirkt sich aber mittelbar auf die PM10-Grenzwertüberschreitungen in den Städten aus. HKFA führten beispielsweise bei einer innerstädtischen Messstation in Dresden zu einer um bis zu 3,4 μg/m3 höheren PM10-Belastung im Winter.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology Electronic Systems Laboratory Department of Electrical Engineering. / Bibliography: p. 16-20. / NASA research grant NsG-496 M.I.T. Projects DSR 76152

Cette thèse est consacrée au travail dans un essai médical à caractère préventif sur la maladie d’Alzheimer en France. L’enquête s’est déroulée essentiellement au sein de deux Centres mémoire de ressources et de recherches (CMRR), lesquels ont été parmi les principaux recruteurs du protocole de recherche. Elle a surtout reposé sur la volonté de donner à voir les multiples formes d’incertitude entourant l’essai clinique, depuis le travail de recrutement jusqu’à celui de gestion des participants. Plus précisément, le présent travail a pour objectif d’examiner empiriquement, d’une part, dans quelle mesure certaines propriétés sociales des travailleurs influent sur les logiques professionnelles et scientifiques et quels sont, d’autre part, les facteurs qui ont conduit au départ de nombreux participants de l’essai clinique multi-sites. / This thesis is devoted to work in a preventive medical trial on Alzheimer's disease in France. The survey was carried out mainly at two “Centres Mémoire de Ressources et de Recherches” (CMRR) which were among the main recruiters of the research protocol. Above all, it sought to highlight the many forms of uncertainty surrounding the clinical trial, from the recruitment work to the management of the participants. More precisely, this work aims to lookat, on the one hand, the extent to which certain social properties of workers influence the professional and scientific logics and, on the other hand, what factors led to the departure of many participants in the multi-site clinical trial.

Este trabalho se chama A disputa em torno da memória da morte do imperador romano Juliano Augusto, dito “o Apóstata”, expressa nos séculos IV e V d.C. Tem como objetivo visualizar as maneiras com que diversos autores trataram deste tema. Um tema polêmico, visto que Juliano foi o último soberano pagão do Império Romano, sendo, por conseguinte, ponto nodal de disputas ideológicas e de apropriações diversas. Para atingir tal objetivo, analisa-se individualmente cada autor, bem como sua obra. / This work is titled The dispute on the memory of the death of the Roman Emperor Julian Augustus, the so-called “Apostate”, as it was expressed during the 4th and 5th centuries AD. It has, as a goal, to study the ways with which many diverse authors treated this topic. A polemical one, since Julian was the last pagan sovereign of the Roman Empire, being, as a result, the nodal point of ideological disputes and diverse appropriations. To achieve this goal, each author, as well as their work, is individually studied.

Este trabalho se chama A disputa em torno da memória da morte do imperador romano Juliano Augusto, dito “o Apóstata”, expressa nos séculos IV e V d.C. Tem como objetivo visualizar as maneiras com que diversos autores trataram deste tema. Um tema polêmico, visto que Juliano foi o último soberano pagão do Império Romano, sendo, por conseguinte, ponto nodal de disputas ideológicas e de apropriações diversas. Para atingir tal objetivo, analisa-se individualmente cada autor, bem como sua obra. / This work is titled The dispute on the memory of the death of the Roman Emperor Julian Augustus, the so-called “Apostate”, as it was expressed during the 4th and 5th centuries AD. It has, as a goal, to study the ways with which many diverse authors treated this topic. A polemical one, since Julian was the last pagan sovereign of the Roman Empire, being, as a result, the nodal point of ideological disputes and diverse appropriations. To achieve this goal, each author, as well as their work, is individually studied.

Este trabalho se chama A disputa em torno da memória da morte do imperador romano Juliano Augusto, dito “o Apóstata”, expressa nos séculos IV e V d.C. Tem como objetivo visualizar as maneiras com que diversos autores trataram deste tema. Um tema polêmico, visto que Juliano foi o último soberano pagão do Império Romano, sendo, por conseguinte, ponto nodal de disputas ideológicas e de apropriações diversas. Para atingir tal objetivo, analisa-se individualmente cada autor, bem como sua obra. / This work is titled The dispute on the memory of the death of the Roman Emperor Julian Augustus, the so-called “Apostate”, as it was expressed during the 4th and 5th centuries AD. It has, as a goal, to study the ways with which many diverse authors treated this topic. A polemical one, since Julian was the last pagan sovereign of the Roman Empire, being, as a result, the nodal point of ideological disputes and diverse appropriations. To achieve this goal, each author, as well as their work, is individually studied.

During development process, especially under the impact of climate change, natural disaster is one of the major challenges. In fact, the degree of devastation of natural disasters such as storms, floods and landslides are enormous, causing severe damage to people, property and environmental degradation. These natural disasters increasingly occurring more frequently in the last 20 years claimed the lives of many people. Unlike natural disasters, catastrophes are often related to human factors. Thus, the policy on response, treatment should also take into account the legal process in order to ensure that the principle of the polluter must bear responsibility after incidents and catastrophes. The catastrophe is a serious disruption of a community activity, causing loss of life, environment and material on a large scale. Normally catastrophe is beyond the capacity of affected communities to cope with, if only sources power of that community is used. The impact of economic - social development, climate change and natural disasters, environmental pollution situation, the capacity to respond to environmental incidents ... has been the pressure and challenge to Vietnam. / Trong quá trình phát triển, đặc biệt dưới tác động của biến đổi khí hậu, thiên tai là một trong những thách thức lớn. Trong thực tế, mức độ tàn phá của thiên tai như bão, lũ và sạt lở đất là rất lớn, gây thiệt hại nặng nề về người, tài sản và gây suy thoái môi trường. Những thảm họa do thiên tai gây ra đang ngày càng xảy ra thường xuyên hơn trong 20 năm qua, cướp đi sinh mạng của nhiều người. Khác với thiên tai, thảm họa môi trường thường liên quan đến yếu tố con người. Do đó, chính sách ứng phó, xử lý cũng cần tính đến các quá trình pháp lý nhằm đảm bảo nguyên tắc người gây ô nhiễm phải chịu trách nhiệm sau sự cố, thảm họa. Thảm họa là sự phá vỡ nghiêm trọng hoạt động của một cộng đồng, gây ra những tổn thất về người, môi trường, vật chất trên diện rộng. Thảm họa thường vượt quá khả năng đối phó của cộng đồng bị ảnh hưởng nếu chỉ sử dụng các nguồn lực của cộng đồng đó. Tác động của sự phát triển kinh tế - xã hội, biến đổi khí hậu và thiên tai, thực trạng ô nhiễm môi trường, năng lực ứng phó với sự cố môi trường… đã và đang là những áp lực và thách thức không nhỏ với Việt Nam.