No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

No description available.

Orientador: Lucila Schwantes Arouca / Tese (doutorado)-Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Educação / Made available in DSpace on 2018-07-13T21:30:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Guimaraes_IsauraRochaFigueiredo_D.pdf: 8478958 bytes, checksum: 2525dbf59367cbbe2dbe1ab1506b4d3d (MD5) Previous issue date: 1989 / Resumo: O estudo aqui apresentado refere-se a uma experiência de implantação de um Projeto de Educação Sexual nas Escolas da Rede Pública Paulista na Divisão Regional de Campinas. Apoiada nos dados de um levantamento preliminar, a autora assume a coordenação dos trabalhos do Projeto durante dois anos, onde atenta ao comportamento dos profissionais da escola: Supervisores, diretores, professores e alunos, e levanta questionamentos sobre os pressupostos da educação sexual. Ao constatar a grande negatividade da instituição escolar. sexualidade e a estagnação do processo burocrático para um problema que hoje se torna emergencial a autora pesquisar através da metodologia qualitativa, caminhos para uma educação sexual culturalmente possível. O trabalho aponta as principais categorias de reflexão subjacentes em questão do sexo escola e discute as perspectivas de uma educação sexual sem mistificações / Abstract: This study relates to sex education in schools. As a member of the Campinas board of Education for the State of São Paulo, Brazi1, the author coordinated the Introduction of a pioneer program on sex education in Public Schools. From 1984 to 1986, she was dlrect1y involved with educators in schools for discussions, training, workshops on the subject, and the author also organized reunions with students for discussions over a Biology video on human reproduction. From 1986 to 1988, she developed and intensive work interviewing teachers, principals, guidance counselors, and administrative supervisors about the possibility of sex education in schools. She also worked with 10wer social-economical level youngsters in their Sunday Church meetings. From that experience the author, using the methodology of participatory research, designed the theoretical framework for analysis. Two main sources of reference enlightened the ref1ections: 1) The structural characteristics of the schools and its potential for changing sexual behavior; 2) The educational process in itself with special concern to the pedagogical improvement of teachers and school staff on sex education, human relations and the search for curricula adequacy to cultural needs. The author believes that Brazilian schools are very controversial on the subject of sex education. Although the institution remains conservative and closed it is the actual place where sex education happens, maintaining taboos, anxieties and prejudice, fears and misconceptions. The main findings of this study are related to the belief that teachers and educators in general will be good sex educators Ir they can change the position of schools in relation to: 1 - Their repressive approach to the human body, that is actually under strict norms and regulations which inhibit sexual development and behavior; 2 - The difficulties and lack of skills for expressing related to sexual behavior; concepts 3 - Emotional and affective response to values such as sex stereotypes, machism, repression and an anachronistic view of sex roles hidden in school relationship; 4 - Awareness to the social-political and ethnic implications of some programs in sex education proposed with population control objectives / Doutorado / Metodologia de Ensino / Doutor em Educação

Diese Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Evaluation eines Computerprogramms zur Le­seförderung anhand einer ausgewählten Gruppe von Drittklässlern der Diagnose- und Förderklassen. Ausge­wählt wurde das celeco-Programm (celeco - Richtig Lesen Lernen). Das Anliegen dieser Ar­beit ist die Evaluation des celeco-Programms hinsichtlich seiner Wirk­samkeit und Anwendbarkeit im Bereich der Leseförderung bei leseschwachen Schülern mit sonderpädagogischem Förderbedarf. Dabei wurde folgendes Vorgehen gewählt: Eine Reihe schwacher Leser wurde mit dem oben er­wähnten Programm im Leselernprozess gefördert. Es wurden Ausgangs­daten und Daten über die Lernfortschritte der Probanden gesammelt. Die Kontroll­gruppe bildeten die nicht geförderten Klassenkameraden. In einer anschließenden statistischen Auswertung wurde untersucht, ob das gewählte Förderpro­gramm erfolgreich angewendet werden konnte und sich somit als effektiv erwies. Die Auswertung zeigte, dass die geförderten Kinder sich in den trainierten Aufgaben signifikant verbesserten und eine Steigerung der Lesegenauigkeit stattfand, die auch außerhalb des Compu­terprogramms nachweisbar war. Bei den Kindern der Kontroll­gruppe konnte im Förderzeitraum keine Verbesserung der Lesegenauigkeit im glei­chen Ausmaß festgestellt werden. Besonders günstig wirkte sich das Training auf die Leser aus, die das simultane Erfassen mehrerer Buchsta­ben nicht beherrschten. Beim celeco-Programm scheint es sich demnach um ein effektives Computerprog­ramm zur Le­seförderung von leseschwachen Schülern mit sonderpädagogischem Förderbedarf zu handeln. / This study deals with the evaluation of a computer program to support reading skills based on a selected group of children with special educational needs in year 3 of a special needs primary school. The celeco program was chosen. The purpose of this study is the evaluation of the celeco-program in terms of its effectiveness and applicability in the promotion of reading skills of pupils with special educational needs who are weak readers. The following methodology was chosen: A group of weak readers was supported by the above-mentioned program in the teaching of reading skills. Data was collected at the beginning of the study and to track progress of the reading skills of the supported participants. The control group consisted of the non-supported classmates. In a subsequent statistical analysis it was examined whether the selected reading support program could be successfully applied, and thus proven to be effective. The evaluation showed that the supported children significantly improved in the trained tasks and an increase in reading accuracy took place, which was also detectable outside of the computer program. In the children of the control group no improvement in reading accuracy to the same extent could be observed during the period of the study. The training had a particularly positive effect on the readers who were not capable of simultaneously detecting multiple letters. The celeco program therefore seems to be an effective computer program to support the reading skills of pupils with special educational needs who are weak readers.

Studien weisen darauf hin, dass viele berufstätige Lehrkräfte, jedoch auch bereits ein gewisser Anteil der Lehramtsstudierenden, stimmliche Auffälligkeiten haben. Fachvertreter:innen stellen auf Basis dieser Erkenntnislage Forderungen nach stimmpräventiven Maßnahmen im Rahmen des Studiums. Solche Angebote sollen angehende Lehrkräfte auf die Stimmbelastung im Beruf vorbereiten und möglichen Beschwerden und Erkrankungen vorbeugen. Mit der Arbeit wird das Ziel verfolgt stimmpräventive Maßnahmen, die im Rahmen des Projekts STARKE-STIMME-macht-SCHULE am Lehrstuhl für Sprachheilpädagogik an der Universität Würzburg angeboten werden, einer wissenschaftlichen Evaluation zu unterziehen. Dazu wurden ehemalige Studierende des Lehramts Sprachheilpädagogik (N = 49) zu ihrem stimmlichen Befinden mittels Voice Handicap Index (VHI) befragt. Neben den Entwicklungen in dieser Gruppe selbst erfolgten Vergleiche mit Kontrollgruppen: Studierende anderer Fachrichtungen (N = 184) und sonderpädagogische Lehrkräfte ohne Prävention (N = 38). Dabei zeigt sich, dass die VHI-Werte der studentischen Interventionsgruppe und die der Interventionsgruppe Lehrkräfte keine bedeutsamen Unterschiede aufweisen. Vergleiche zwischen beiden Gruppen an Lehrkräften verdeutlichen zwar, dass vorhandene Stimmprobleme gleich häufig auftreten, jedoch ergibt die nähere Analyse Hinweise auf stärker empfundene Einschränkungen in der Kontrollgruppe, z. B. hinsichtlich zwei oder mehr wöchentlich empfundener Symptomen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen zudem auf, dass die Interventionsgruppe mehr Verhaltensweisen für die Gesunderhaltung der Stimme umsetzt im Vergleich zu den Lehrkräften, die keine Stimmprävention erfahren haben. Somit deuten Aspekte wie eine ausbleibende Verschlechterung der stimmlichen Verfassung mit Eintritt in die Berufstätigkeit, das regelmäßige Anwenden stimmpräventiver Maßnahmen und eine wirksame Früherkennung die Wirksamkeit der präventiven Maßnahmen im Rahmen des Projekts STARKE-STIMME-macht-SCHULE an. / Studies indicate that many teachers, as well as a certain amount of student teachers suffer from voice problems. Based on these findings, researchers demand voice prevention measures in teacher training courses. Such offers are intended to prepare future teachers for the vocal strain of the profession and to prevent possible complaints and illnesses. The aim of this study is to scientifically evaluate voice prevention measures that are offered within the project STARKE-STIMME-macht-SCHULE at the chair of Special Education and Therapy in Language and Communication Disorders at the University of Würzburg. For this purpose, former students of the course (N = 49) were interviewed about their vocal condition using the Voice Handicap Index (VHI). In addition to the developments in this group, comparisons were made with different control groups: students of other disciplines (N = 184) and special education teachers without prevention (N = 38). The VHI scores of the student intervention group don’t show any significant differences compared to the teacher intervention group. Comparisons between the two groups of teachers illustrate that existing voice problems are equally frequent, but a closer analysis reveal that the limitations seem to be stronger in the control group, e.g., in terms of two or more symptoms during a week or more often. The results also indicate that the intervention group implements more behaviors in favor of keeping the voice healthy compared to the teachers who did not experience voice prevention. Thus, aspects such as a lack of deterioration in the vocal condition despite taking up the teaching profession, the regular use of voice preventive measures and effective early detection of voice problems suggest the effectiveness of the preventive measures in the STARKE-STIMME-macht-SCHULE project.

Halbtagsschulen, so wie wir sie kennen, waren nicht immer die Norm in Deutsch-land. Erst Ende des Ersten Weltkrieges und mit Beginn der Weimar Republik wurden sie zum Normalfall. Man entschied sich für dieses Schulsystem, um die Überforderung von 50 Wochenstunden an höheren Schulen zu vermeiden, den Bedarf an Arbeitskräften und die Probleme wachsender Schüler*innenzahlen, knapper Räumlich-keiten und personaler Bedingungen an den Volksschulen zu lösen. Doch war diese Ent-scheidung gut für den weiteren Verlauf un-seres Bildungssystems? Ende der 1960er Jahre wurde die Ganztagsdebatte aufgrund von bildungspolitischen Herausforderungen sowie sozialen Problemlagen erneut aufgegriffen.

The present research examines three central issues in the context of ADIHD. First, a theory of attribution proposing that parents' causal attributions affect ADIHD children's locus of control is assessed. Second, ADIHD children's locus of control is linked to their psychological profiles. Finally, ADIHD is looked at from a cross-cultural perspective norms, highlighting the significance of parents' knowledge versus ignorance of the disorder. The main population of interest consists of unmedicated and untreated ADIHD children in Greece whose parents had no prior knowledge of the disorder. Initially, the impact of Greek parents' causal attributions about their ADIHD children's academic performance and behaviour on those children's locus of control is examined. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the attributions made by parents were found to be associated with specific patterns of locus of control beliefs in their children. In-depth measures of the children's psychological profiles were found to be associated with their locus of control, and a detailed discussion compares these results with other research findings linking internalising and extemalising behaviours with biases in locus of control and attributional style. Then the possible implications of knowledge and socio-cultural beliefs are discussed in relation to the findings on two socio-culturally different populations - Greek and British ADIHD children's locus of control. Finally in an attempt to compare attributional differences, the role of locus of control is examined in an experimental test of task persistence and children's self-evaluations before and after a failure experience. It is concluded that socio-cultural norms influence the ways in which parents formulate causal explanations for their children's behaviour, which, in turn, influence the locus of control, the psychological profiles, the task persistence, and the self-evaluations of ADIHD children.

Staff Development and Performance Review (SDPR) was introduced in Northern Ireland in 1992, in compliance with the Education (School Teacher Appraisal) Regulations (1991) in England and Wales. This qualitative study examined issues relating to SDPR and staff development. Qualitative research was chosen because the research involved an in-depth examination of social processes and the researcher would be closely associated with the research, the findings of which would have direct implications for her professional practice. The research involved four case studies, each conducted in four post-primary schools in Northern Ireland, a voluntary grammar school, an integrated school, a maintained school and a controlled school. Twenty-five semi-structured interviews were carried out. Findings showed that there is a close relationship between the management of SDPR and the perceptions held of it. When the principal for example embraced SDPR in a positive light, other teachers in the school did likewise. Constraints to SDPR included: lack of time; SDPR being perceived as appraisal; the difficulty of choosing a suitable focus for review; concerns about writing up the report following the review; and inadequate training. Personal professional development was being encouraged and supported in all four schools. Two of the schools offered funding for in-service degree courses. The other two did not. This highlighted inequity in relation to financial support for teachers undertaking part-time degree courses. A number of respondents thought that the introduction of performance related pay (PRP) would have a positive effect on the staff development aspect of the SDPR process. Others believed that if performance related pay and SDPR were to be linked, the purpose of SDPR would be defeated. The study refers to a number of recommendations. These include the fact that money should be held centrally by the Department of Education in Northern Ireland for the purpose of supporting personal professional development.