4G的發展，帶動整體電信產業及資訊服務產業的升級，也成為電信業者競爭的新戰場。除了鞏固既有的行動門號市佔外，4G開台後，各項新服務接續出現，如影音娛樂、電子商務、穿戴裝置、物聯網、行動支付、車用LTE、智慧監控、醫療服務及雲端服務等，都因4G而有新應用。電信業者扮演的角色，已從傳統的基礎網路建設提供者，逐漸潛移默化為科技、資訊及服務之提供者，也意味著競爭範圍從傳統電信商擴大到更廣大的科技、資訊服務市場。面臨新技術、新服務及新需求，在激烈的競爭環境下，中華電信如何因應並研擬出公司在4G時代的競爭策略以持續保持市場領先地位，為企業當前的重要議題。 本研究以五力分析作為框架，先從產業結構綜觀整個電信業的競爭優、劣勢，再延伸至個案公司-中華電信之競爭策略、競合策略分析，以企業的觀點探討目前的競爭態勢，並分析服務行銷及服務導向轉型之作法，以剖析個案公司-中華電信在4G新世代下，如何能夠在市場上保持領先，以因應，或更進一步，創造4G世代之需求，鞏固業界龍頭地位。

Les densités d'intégration actuelles des circuits intégrés permettent de disposer de SoC (systèmes sur puce) de plus en plus complexes, intégrant de plus en plus de standards. Par conséquent, le problème des interconnexions entre tous les blocs IP (Intellectual Property) constituant le SoC devient un point critique que les structures de communications actuelles ne parviennent plus à solutionner.<br />Ces problèmes sont notamment liés aux besoins de plus en plus forts en mobilité et en débit dans les architectures de communication actuelles et futures. Ainsi, les solutions à base de NoC (Network on Chip) offrent de bonnes perspectives en terme de bande passante et de flexibilité pour pallier notamment aux limites actuelles des topologies bus. Les travaux de thèse présentés ici portent sur la méthodologie de modélisation et d'exploration d'architectures de réseaux sur puce appliquée aux télécommunications.<br />Le contexte radio-télécommunications étudié est celui proposé dans le cadre du projet Européen 4MORE pour lequel nous avons contribué. Une des contraintes de ce projet était d'intégrer dans un SoC la technique MC-CDMA (Multiple Carrier Code Division Multiple Access) combinant la technique MIMO en utilisant un média de communication innovant.<br />Ainsi, nous avons contribué à cette intégration en proposant une méthodologie de conception permettant d'aider le concepteur dans le choix des différents paramètres caractérisant le NoC pour satisfaire les contraintes temps réel de l'application spécifiées dans le cahier des charges.<br />Ces travaux de thèse ont porté sur la modélisation et l'interconnexion des composants IP constituant la chaîne algorithmique du projet 4MORE afin de les intégrer dans un modèle SystemC du NoC. Par ailleurs, les choix de dimensionnement du réseau et des contraintes de placement des blocs IP sur celui-ci ont un impact important sur les performances globales de l'application. Nous avons mis en place un outil AAA (Adéquation Algorithme Architecture) permettant de réaliser l'adéquation des contraintes de l'application sur l'architecture en minimisant les chemins de communication tout en veillant à ne pas violer les bandes passantes théoriques des liens de communication entre routeurs.<br />Le flot de conception mis en œuvre permet au concepteur de générer le modèle SystemC du NoC et permettra à cours terme de générer le code VHDL associé du modèle SystemC simulé afin d'accélérer les phases de simulation et de donner la possibilité de valider logiciellement et matériellement (cible FPGA) l'architecture avec son application.

Scaffolding proteins control the localization of protein kinases. During translation, the scaffolding proteins eIF4G and DAP5 recruit the Ser/Thr kinase Mnk1 to phosphorylate the mRNA cap-binding protein eIF4E and modulate translation. Biochemical deletion analysis previously showed that the interaction between Mnk1 and eIF4G/DAP5 is mediated by N-terminal residues in Mnk1 and C-terminal residues in eIF4G/DAP5. Using X-ray crystallography I have determined the structure (1.5 A) of the C-terminal domain of DAP5 (DAP5C). This structure reveals that DAP5C contains two atypical HEAT domains similar to the ones seen previously in the structure of the C-terminal region of eIF4G (4GC). Using ITC I showed that the Kd for the interaction between the N-terminus ofMnk1 and 4GCIDAPSC is 20 muM and 10 muM, respectively. Using NMR chemical shifts we have mapped the residues on both Mnk1 and 4GC/DAP5C which are important for maintaining this interaction. Finally, using SAXS a low resolution configuration of the hMnk1-4GC complex was modeled. It is hoped that an understanding of the structural basis for the recruitment of protein kinases to their sites of action will allow the design of small-molecule compounds that can be used to modulate the location of the kinase and hence its activity.

Ingeniero Civil Eléctrico / Entel S.A., la mayor empresa de telecomunicaciones móviles de Chile, requería evaluar el impacto que tendría la incorporación del servicio Voice Over LTE (VoLTE) en su red 4G de datos, en Santiago, con el fin de estimar la inversión requerida en caso de que existiera disminución de cobertura del servicio. Dado lo anterior, el objetivo del presente trabajo de título se enfocó en determinar el área de cobertura que tendrá la actual red 4G de Entel al incorporar el servicio VoLTE. Para llevar a cabo esta tarea se diseñó un Link Budget de VoLTE, el cual se utilizó posteriormente para determinar los puntos de corte en simulaciones que se realizaron en el programa Mentum Planet. De esta forma, se comparó la cobertura de la red de datos (Best Effort) con la cobertura VoLTE. La metodología utilizada en el desarrollo de la presente memoria comprendió la investigación y el análisis de redes móviles LTE, desarrollando y plasmando en el segundo capítulo, una base teórica que permite un amplio y fácil entendimiento de éstas para cualquier persona. Posteriormente, comprendió el diseñó del Link Budget de VoLTE, el cuál fue generado en un documento Excel, otorgando de esta forma una herramienta sencilla y útil al área de optimización de redes de acceso de Entel. El trabajo concluyó con la realización de sets de simulaciones en el programa solicitado, con lo que se obtuvo los porcentajes de cobertura asociados tanto a la red Best Effort como al servicio VoLTE, para las bandas de frecuencia de 2600 MHz y 700 MHz. Entre los principales resultados del presente trabajo, cabe destacar: 1. Disminución aproximada de un 7.5% de cobertura para el servicio VoLTE en comparación a la cobertura del servicio de datos Fourth Generation of Wireless Telephone Technology (4G), para la banda 2600 MHz, considerando Reference Signal Received Power (RSRP) de corte sin fading. 2. Disminución aproximada de un 19% de cobertura para el servicio VoLTE en comparación a la cobertura del servicio de datos 4G, para la banda 700 MHz, considerando RSRP de corte sin fading. 3. Se confirma la importancia del feature TTI Bundling para mejorar la cobertura del enlace ascendente, estableciendo una mejora entre un 20 y un 25% en la cobertura. Como consecuencia final, el presente trabajo entrega a Entel una cuantificación de la cobertura esperada, así como un conjunto de recomendaciones para la implementación del servicio VoLTE, y de ésta forma, pasar a la etapa de evaluación económica para la implementación definitiva del proyecto.

In this paper the topic of 4G is examined. The investigation is conducted with use of a qualitative methodand an inductive approach. The question to be answered is what motivate and justify that 4G is put intooperation from different perspectives. The study is based upon secondary sources, such as literature studies,as well as an empirical data collection from two interview studies. The reusults obtained, which motivateand justify the introduction of 4G technology, is that it is necessary in order to meet future communicationneeds. From the development perspective the rationale are the needs of mobility, availability, performanceand interoperability. From the user’s perspective the motivation is the purpose. Viz., there must be a needfor action that can be solved with 4G technology.In this paper the topic of 4G is examined. The investigation is conducted with use of a qualitative methodand an inductive approach. The question to be answered is what motivate and justify that 4G is put intooperation from different perspectives. The study is based upon secondary sources, such as literature studies,as well as an empirical data collection from two interview studies. The reusults obtained, which motivateand justify the introduction of 4G technology, is that it is necessary in order to meet future communicationneeds. From the development perspective the rationale are the needs of mobility, availability, performanceand interoperability. From the user’s perspective the motivation is the purpose. Viz., there must be a needfor action that can be solved with 4G technology.

Mobile networks are in the process of becoming the world’s leading medium for data traffic. This challenge has raised the bar for Quality of Services (QoS) provided by the mobile network operators. It requires methods and tools to verify the Service Level Agreement (SLA) and benchmark competitors by comparing metrics of QoS, e.g. the round-trip time and available bandwidth. For this purpose, Blixt™ has been developed, which is a property of InfoVista Sweden AB. Blixt™ is an Android application which measures the available bandwidth and the round-trip time for the latest generation of mobile networks. Blixt™ approach relies on a time-stamping protocol commonly known as Two-Way Active Measurement Protocol (TWAMP). This research work discusses how the packet probing parameters affect the accuracy of measurements and the level of intrusiveness. The performance of the technique was experimentally tested and compared to other tools and methods, namely, iPerf3, nPerf and FTP test.

No description available.

<p> Wireless communication technologies, such as cellular ones, Bluetooth, and WiFi, are fundamental for today’s and tomorrow’s communication infrastructure. Networks based on those technologies are or will be increasingly deployed in many critical domains, such as critical infrastructures, smart cities, healthcare, and industrial environments. Protecting wireless networks against attacks and privacy breaches is thus critical. A fundamental step for the security and privacy of these networks is ensuring that their protocols are implemented as mandated by the standards. These protocols are however quite complex and unfortunately, the lack of secure-by-design approaches for these complex protocols often induces vulnerabilities in implementations with severe security and privacy repercussions. For these protocols, the standards are thousands of pages long, written in natural language, describe the high-level interaction of the protocol entities, and most often depend on human interpretation—which is open to misunderstanding and ambiguity. This inherently entails the question of whether these wireless protocols and their communication equipment implement the corresponding standards correctly or whether the implementations introduce vulnerabilities that can have severe consequences.</p>

Yes / The biggest challenge for future 4G systems is the need to limit the energy consumptions of battery-powered and base station devices, with the aim to prolong their operational time and avoid active cooling in the base station. The green wireless communications requires research in areas such as energy efficient RF front end, MAC protocol, networking, deployment, operation, and also the integration of base station with renewable power supply. In this paper, the design concept of energy efficient RF front end is considered in terms of RF power amplifiers at which it represents the workhorse of modern wireless communication systems and inherently nonlinear. The approach of output power back off is to amplify the signal at the linear region to avoid distortion, but this approach suffers from significant reduction in efficiency and power output. To boost the efficiency at wide range of output power and keep the same margin for signal with high crest factor, the load modulation technique with new offset line are employed to operate over the frequency range of 3.4GHz to 3.6GHz band. The performances of load modulation power amplifier are compared with balanced amplifier. The results of 42dBm output power and 62% power added efficiency are achieved.

Em NGN (Next Generation Networks), os usuários podem se conectar em diferentes tecnologias de rede e desejam, além de uma comunicação transparente, novos serviços personalizados. Neste sentido, este trabalho explora informações de contexto em NGN. O principal objetivo é capturar as informações de contexto envolvidas no momento da utilização da rede sem fio, na escolha do novo ponto de acesso e no procedimento do handover. Este contexto capturado é aplicado para serviços cientes de contexto. A proposta é validada por meio de dois cenários, o primeiro é um mashup que exibe as redes sem fio disponíveis de um determinado local e o segundo um protótipo gerenciador de conexões para atender as preferências do usuário. Adicionalmente, são realizadas duas avaliações do impacto do uso de contexto em handovers. Para tanto, foi implantado um testbed NGN com o protocolo Mobile IP / In the NGN (Next Generation Networks) users can connect their Internet devices to different network technologies. In addition to a seamless communication, users desire new and personalized services. In this sense, this thesis exploits the context-aware information in NGN environments. The main propose is to capture the context information about the time involved by the use of wireless link for selecting the target access point and on the handover procedure. This context information is applied to the context-aware services. The propose is validated through two scenarios: the first is a mashup that shows the availability of wireless networks in a particular location, and the second is a prototype of a connection manager to attend user´s preferences. In addition, two evaluations are accomplished on the impact by the use of context information over handovers. Thus, an NGN testbed is deployed with Mobile IP protocol