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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
21

Uneigentliche Differenz

Carovani, Anne M. 27 February 2019 (has links)
Die Arbeit untersucht Differenzdiskurse zu zwei historischen sozialen Identitäten im Manden (Westafrika) anhand mündlich und schriftlich tradierter Texte unterschiedlicher Sprachen (Bambara, Französisch, Deutsch, Englisch) und Genres (Reisebericht, Preislied (fasa), Epos (maana), Roman, Märchen (nsiirin), Lied (donkili)), die zwischen dem 14. bis 21. Jahrhundert erschienen sind. Die Differenz von horon, dem Edlen, Freien und jeli, dem 'Handhaber des Wortes' wird dabei höchst unterschiedlich als komplexer Beziehungsmodus diskursiv und performativ hervorgebracht und gestaltet. Als uneigentliche Differenz bildet sie sich unter der Prämisse des Schamprinzips vor allem entlang der jeweils vorgenommenen Zuschreibungen von freigiebigem Renommee-Suchenden und erbittendem Panegyriker. Die analysierten Texte, die den Zeitraum von Beginn des mittelalterlichen Mali-Reiches bis Mitte des 20. Jahrhunderts als intradiegetisches Setting haben, verhandeln die Differenz entsprechend spezifischer Wirkungsintentionen von einer Außenseiter-Perspektive, z.T. zur Legitimation kolonialer Absichten oder von einer Insider-Perspektive aus, um, teils politisch motiviert, das eigene kulturelle Erbe zu valorisieren oder auch um (historische) Mißstände anzuprangern. Dabei wird die Differenz von jeli und hↄrↄn unterschiedlich ausgestaltet, mit dem horon als Helden (ŋana, cεfarin), König (mansa, faama), Gastgeber (jatigi) und dem jeli als Meisterredner/sänger (ŋaara), Reputations-Verantwortlichen, Klienten des jatigi. Literatur wie Differenz wird als rhetorischer Ort kreativer Verhandlungen, strategischer (Neu)schöpfungen betrachtet, durch welche die jeweiligen Akteure spezifische Interessen verfolgen und damit variabel an Diskursen und damit an Wirklichkeiten mitgestalten. Jeli und horon verändern sich als literarische Konstruktion in Abhängigkeit von ästhetischen und ideologischen Strategien. / The present work examines discourses of difference about two historical social identities in Manden (West Africa) using oral and written literary texts of different languages (Bambara, French, German, English) and genres (travelogue, praise song (fasa), epic (maana), novel, fairy tale, song (dↄnkili)), published between the 14th to the 21st century. The difference between horon, the noble, the free, and jeli, the 'handler of the word', is produced and shaped in a highly differentiated way as a complex mode of relation(ship) in a discursive and performative manner. As an improper difference it is formed under the premise of the principle of shame, especially along the attributions made between the generous rewards seeker and the panegyrical requester. The analysed texts, which have the period from the beginning of the medieval Mali empire to the middle of the 20th century as an intradiegetic setting, negotiate the difference according to specific intended effects from an outsider perspective, eg. for purposes of legitimacy of colonial intentions or from an insider perspective, partly politically motivated, in order to valorise one's own cultural heritage or to denounce (historical) grievances. The difference between jeli and hↄrↄn appears in varying ways, with the horon as hero (ŋana, cεfarin), king (mansa, faama), host (jatigi) and the jeli as master-singer/-orator (ŋaara), reputational entrepreneur, client of a jatigi. Literature and Difference are considered both as a rhetorical place of creative negotiation, of strategic (re)creation, through which the respective actors pursue specific interests and thereby participate in shaping discourses and thus realities. The jeli, who is at the same time performer, narrator and protagonist of many narratives, and the horon, determined by his status and his ethos, change as a literary construction depending on aesthetic and ideological strategies.
22

I folli in cammino : saggio sulle rappresentazioni e i significati della figura del folle nelle letterature dell'Africa nera, francofone e anglofone, dalle indipendenze ai giorni nostri / Les fous en marche : essai sur les représentations et les significations de la figure du fou dans les littératures d'Afrique noire, francophones et anglophones, des indépendances à nos jours / Fools on the way : an essay on the representations and meanings of the madman in Francophone and anglophone Black African Litteratures from Independence to now

Tarquini, Valentina 02 May 2012 (has links)
La récurrence de la figure du fou errant dans le roman d’Afrique noire suscite bien des questionnements sur les raisons de sa mise en oeuvre dans l’époque tumultueuse des prétendues indépendances. Cette étude couvre un laps de temps allant des années 1950 à la première décennie du nouveau siècle ; et elle inclut les textes narratifs francophones et anglophones en vue de fournir une vue d’ensemble permettant de retracer l’évolution de la représentation du fou d’un point de vue diachronique. L’étude typologique de fous errants précède une analyse du discours dans le texte littéraire focalisée sur trois niveaux : le plan de l’énonciation,celui des techniques romanesques et le plan du langage de l’imaginaire. Il en résulte un dynamisme évoquant l’emprise du fou sur les trois instances du discours, d’où l’hypothèse du fou comme étant une figure de médiation dans les différents domaines de la société : médiateur spirituel et religieux ; interlocuteur intermédiaire avec l’autorité institutionnelle ; et enfin dispositif médian en littérature, aussi bien dans la pratique scripturale que dans l’institution littéraire. Le caractère marginal du fou dans la société et l’élan réformateur qu’il assume à l’époque contemporaine, font de lui un outil cognitif capable de créer un nouveau code littéraire et d’articuler le discours africain en quête d’autonomie. Les mêmes caractéristiques marquent en outre le statut des oeuvres africaines et du romancier dans la situation actuelle. / The recurrence of wandering madmen and fools in the black African novel raises many questions about the reasons behind its implementation during the so-called independences. This study covers a time span ranging from the 1950s to the first decade of 2000. It includes Francophone and Anglophone fiction in order to gain an overview that allows one to observe an evolution in the representation of the fool with a diachronic perspective. The typological study of wandering fools precedes the discourse analysis in the literary texts, focusing on three levels: speech, narrative procedures and imagery. It fallows that the fool’s dynamism recalls his impact on the three modes of discourse. This leads to a hypothesis that he is a figure of mediation in many areas of society, being a spiritual and religious mediator, an intermediary to institutions of authority,and even an intermediary in literature, both in writing and in the literary institution. The social marginalization of the fool and the reformist zeal he takes in contemporary times, make him an instrument of knowledge that can create a new literary code and articulate the African discourse in its quest for autonomy. Moreover, these features mark the social status both of African works and of the novelist in the literary scene. / La ricorrenza della figura del folle in cammino nel romanzo dell’Africa nera suscita numerosi interrogativi sulle ragioni della sua messa in opera nell’epoca turbolenta delle cosiddette indipendenze. Lo studio abbraccia un arco temporale che va dagli anni ’50 al primo decennio del 2000 e comprende la narrativa francofona ed anglofona al fine di ricostruire una panoramica che permetta di tracciare l’evoluzione della rappresentazione del folle sul piano della diacronia. A uno studio tipologico di folli erranti segue l’analisi del discorso nel testo letterario che si focalizza su tre piani: quello dell’enunciazione, quello dei procedimenti narrativi e quello del linguaggio dell’immaginario. Ne risulta un dinamismo che evoca il dominio del folle sulle tre istanze del discorso, da cui l'ipotesi del folle come una figura di mediazione nei diversi ambiti della società : mediatore spirituale e religioso ; interlocutore intermediario con l’autorità istituzionale ; infine strumento mediano in letteratura, tanto nella pratica della scrittura quanto nell’istituzione letteraria. Ilcarattere marginale del folle nella società e lo slancio riformista che egli assume nella contemporaneità, fanno di lui uno strumento conoscitivo in grado di creare un nuovo codice letterario e di articolare il discorso africano in cerca di autonomia. Le stesse caratteristiche segnano lo statuto delle opere africane e del romanziere nello scenario attuale.

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