El presente trabajo es un plan de negocios, cuyo objetivo es aprovechar la oportunidad existente durante la comunicación entre el fabricante de tecnología y su canal de ventas corporativo minorista. Esta comunicación tiene muchas deficiencias, debido a la gran cantidad de marcas que operan localmente, las cuales brindan diversa información comercial y técnica sobre sus productos y servicios, que cambia y/o se actualiza de manera permanente. Se percibe el interés de los fabricantes en mejorar esta comunicación y la insatisfacción de la fuerza de ventas minorista, por la manera de cómo reciben la información. Esto ha sido corroborado en los sondeos realizados para la elaboración del presente documento. Validamos una oportunidad de mejora y optimización de la gestión de la comunicación del fabricante con el canal minorista, mediante un servicio que integre toda la información de cada marca en un solo lugar. Por lo tanto, se ofrecerá como propuesta de valor un servicio digital de suscripción de membresías para los fabricantes de tecnología, por medio de una aplicación móvil (App), la cual brindará información comercial de cada marca, de manera segura, actualizada, inmediata y gratuita, para el canal de ventas corporativo minorista. Además, esta herramienta buscará apoyar el incremento de las ventas y márgenes de los fabricantes de tecnología, mayoristas y minoristas. Finalmente, se espera un retorno con un valor actual neto (VAN) de S/. 508,536.54 soles y una tasa interna de retorno TIR de 51.17%. / This present work is a business plan. Its aim is to present a solution to leverage the current opportunity within the communication between technology manufacturers and reseller market. There are many gaps in this communication, mainly because the large number of companies operating on the market, which provide various commercial and technical information about their products and services that are being permanently changing and / or constantly updating. There is clearly an interest of the manufacturers to improve communication problems and the reseller market dissatisfaction in the way they receive the information, as reflected in surveys carried out in the market research. A service integrating information of each brand in one place will help to improve and optimize the manufacturer's communication management with the reseller market. Therefore, as a value proposition, an online membership subscription service for technology manufacturers will be offered to corporate retail market, through a free of charge mobile application (App) that provides prompt, up-to-day and secure commercial information of each brand. In addition, this tool (App) will seek to support the increase in sales and margins of technology manufacturers, wholesalers and reseller market. Finally, we expect a return with a Net Present Value (NPV) of S/ 508,536.54 soles and an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 51.17% is expected. / Trabajo de investigación

Cette thèse propose une approche monographique du parcours professionnel de Pierre Guariche, décorateur-créateur d’ensembles-Architecte d'intérieur français. Les «Trente Glorieuses» représentent un tournant décisif chez ce professionnel car elles coïncident avec les débuts de l'industrialisation de la filière ameublement. Le contexte historique et politique explique son engagement dans la création de programmes complets d'objets destinés il meuble les logements standardisés de la Reconstruction. Il comprend que le mobilier de série, fabriqué par des procédés industriels et a des prix raisonnables. peut remédier aux effets de l'insuffisance de la politique de l'Etat français. Afin d'adapter son mobilier «moderne» au plan-type. il s'inspire dl' la production des designers américains et crée des objets rationnels normalisés et innovants sur le plan technique et esthétique. En 1954, il sollicite Michel Mortier et Joseph-André Motte, et crée avec eux l' Atelier de Recherches Plastiques. Ils comprennent tous les trois que les jeunes créateurs doivent se fédérer autour d'un projet commun: la promotion de leurs meubles de série auprès des industriels, Par la suite, chacun reprend son indépendance pour se consacrer à ses travaux respectifs. Les nouvelles orientations professionnelles de Pierre Guariche lui offrent la possibilité de collaborer à des programmes inédits d'architecture intérieure, nés de la politique d'aménagement du territoire. Cette thèse aborde donc le contexte social, politique et économique durant lequel il exerce son activité mais également des faits et des acteurs, ce qui ouvre de futurs champs à explorer dans l'histoire du design français. / This thesis puts forward a monographic approach to the career of Peter Guariche, designer-creator of French interior designer assemblies. The "Glorious thirty" represent a decisive turning point for this professional because they coincide with the beginning of industrialization in the furniture sector. The historical and political context explains his involveruent in the creation of full programs of articles intended to furnish standardized Reconstruction housing. He realizes that the mass production furniture, produced by industrial processes and at reasonable prices, can solve the effects of the failure of the policy of the French state, To adjust his "modem" furniture in the plan-type, it is inspired by the production of Arnerican designers and creates innovative standardized and rational objects on a technical and aesthetical level. ln 1954, he solicits Michel Mortier and Joseph-André Motte and creates with them L'Atelier de Recherches Plastiques. They understand that ail three young designers must unite around a common project: promoting their mass production furniture with manufacturers. Thereafter. each of them takes their independence and takes back their respective work. The ncw professional guidance of Pierre Guariche offers him the opportunity to collaborate on original interior architectural programs. stemming from the land use policy. This thesis deals with the social, political and economic contexts in which he practices, but also the facts and actors. which open up future areas to explore in the history of French design.

Previous studies have shown that Medicare Part D beneficiaries tend not to switch plans even though they are encouraged to reevaluate their current plans and switch plans if needed every year. Little is known about why this "plan stickiness" occurs, so there is a critical need to better understand this non-switching behavior. This dissertation project aimed to describe how Part D beneficiaries processed information and how they perceived the plan switching process. It also aimed to describe how switchers and non-switchers were different and to test a model of Part D plan information processing that adapted from Motivation, Opportunity, and Ability (MOA) model. To achieve these objectives, this study had a cross-sectional descriptive design and used a mixed- methods approach consisting of focus groups, interviews, and mailed survey. The qualitative study sample was recruited from two cities in Iowa and transcripts of audio-recorded discussions were analyzed. The population studied in the quantitative phase was voter registered Iowa Part D beneficiaries who were older than 65 and did not receive Low Income Subsidies (LIS). Stratified random sampling was used to identify survey subjects. An eight page survey assessing factors related to Part D plan decisions was developed and mailed to 2,250 subjects, with reminder postcards as well as phone calls used to increase response rate. Finally, confirmatory factor analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM) were used to test a model of Part D plan information processing. A total of 16 participants from three focus groups and three interviews were included in the qualitative analysis. The results indicated that Part D beneficiaries processed different amounts of information even though they made the same decision (i.e. non-switching); whether to receive help from others in reviewing coverage options emerged as an important theme in the plan switching decision. A usable response rate of 22.5 percent was obtained. Of this sample, 264 respondents were non-LIS Part D beneficiaries and were used for further analysis. About one fifth of the sample switched plan between 2012 and 2013, supporting existing literature that has reported a low plan switching rate. Switchers and non-switchers had few demographic differences, but twice as many switchers as non-switchers received help from others in reviewing coverage options. The results from the SEM analysis indicated that those who had lower risk perception about plan switching, higher motivation, and higher self-efficacy were likely to read larger amounts of plan information. They also indicted that higher perceived risk, involvement, and self-efficacy were positively associated with motivation to process plan information. The findings of this dissertation suggest that plan stickiness has two types - active (i.e. informed choice) and passive (i.e. inertia) - depending on the amount of information processed, which was determined by beneficiaries' levels of perceived risk, motivation, self-efficacy, and needs. Furthermore, findings suggest that whether to receive help in understanding plan information may play a large role in leading informed beneficiaries to act on their knowledge and switch plans. The present study is the first to integrate the concept of information processing to understand Part D beneficiaries' plan switching decisions and the first to examine psychological factors affecting beneficiaries' information processing as well as their plan switching decisions. Study findings will help policy makers developing efficient communication strategies with beneficiaries to help them to make informed choices.

Cette étude s?inscrit dans le cadre d?une collaboration entre le Centre de Mise en Forme des Matériaux, l?Agence de l?Environnement et de la Maîtrise de l?Energie et la société Photowatt et concerne l?une des étapes de la fabrication des modules photovoltaïques : la découpe de plaques minces de silicium multicristallin par sciage à fil.<br />Une étude bibliographique associée à l?observation des plaques brutes montre que le sciage à fil produit de l?abrasion trois corps et que l?enlèvement de matière se fait de manière ductile par formation de micro-copeaux. La profondeur d?indentation à laquelle se produit la transition ductile-fragile mise en évidence par l?étude bibliographique n?est donc pas franchie. L?abrasion produite peut être décrite par la loi classique d?Archard. La profondeur de la zone endommagée par la découpe a été estimée à 2,5 µm.<br />Une étude thermique a montré que la température de la découpe ne dépasse pas 50°C environ et qu?elle dépend de la capacité d?évacuation de la chaleur par le fil. L?analyse des défauts des plaques a permis d?identifier leur origine et de dégager des solutions. La mesure de l?usure du fil a montré que la réduction de son diamètre n?est envisageable que si son régime de défilement est rendu continu. Le gain de silicium, d?énergie sur plusieurs plans et l?amélioration de l?état de surface des plaques plaident également pour la suppression du régime alternatif (back & forth). Le recyclage de l?abrasif est envisageable, nous avons montré que son efficacité n?est en effet pas affectée par la découpe.<br />Un dispositif de simulation tribologique a été mis en place, il permet d?étudier l?abrasion du silicium dans les mêmes conditions que dans le sciage à fil. Un modèle mécanique reliant la courbure du fil aux paramètres issus du sciage et de la tribologie permet de prédire la hauteur de la nappe de fil, sa flèche en régime transitoire et permanent, la pression de contact et l?usure du fil.<br />Une simulation numérique de l?enlèvement de matière par des essais de rayure bidimensionnels a été réalisée. La concordance des ordres de grandeurs des constantes de vitesse d?usure obtenues par ce biais, par la simulation tribologique et par la déduction des mesures effectuées sur le procédé valide cette démarche. Elle a permis de dégager des orientations qui permettront de rendre la découpe plus performante en modifiant les abrasifs et le fluide.

<p>This study deals with an important and challenging issue that each school is facing today, that is the prevention work of bullying. The purpose is to investigate how two elementary schools define bullying and how the work of prevention looks like today. The study highlights two models, Farsta and Friends, that many schools follows in their work and struggle against bullying. We conducted this study by looking at how bullying looks at two elementary schools. How these schools developed working method in order to secure a safe environment for all children in the school.</p><p>The findings in this study highlighted the involvement of these two schools in the work of prevention against bullying, which methods they used and how these schools worked intensively with organisations such as Friends. As a conclusion we want to say that there is an excellent work that is going on in these schools but the struggle is not over.</p>

This study deals with an important and challenging issue that each school is facing today, that is the prevention work of bullying. The purpose is to investigate how two elementary schools define bullying and how the work of prevention looks like today. The study highlights two models, Farsta and Friends, that many schools follows in their work and struggle against bullying. We conducted this study by looking at how bullying looks at two elementary schools. How these schools developed working method in order to secure a safe environment for all children in the school. The findings in this study highlighted the involvement of these two schools in the work of prevention against bullying, which methods they used and how these schools worked intensively with organisations such as Friends. As a conclusion we want to say that there is an excellent work that is going on in these schools but the struggle is not over.

There are two labor insurance pension systems running in Taiwan at this moment in time; the labor insurance pension runs by the government, and the labor standards law pension system both old and new systems are the responsibility of the private companies. The labor insurance pension was introduced in 1950. Through the years due to the population ageing; people are living longer and having fewer children, the rapid changes of economy and etc. the original lump sum pension is no longer enough to sustain a standard of living for the worker-retirees. Moreover, the rate of the labor turnover is high for the reason that the majority of Taiwanese private companies are small to medium enterprises with the average life expectancy of around 13 years only. Therefore most of the workers who work for the private companies are not qualified to claim pensions after their retirements although they are covered by the labor standards law pension scheme. The pension provision intends to prevent poverty in old age but under this circumstance those retirees are not having their financial security in the old age and are creating social issues. To reinstate this issue, the labor insurance pension system has carried out by the government in January 2009, after a major update of the labor standards law pension system in July 2005, the method of repayment has changed from the defined benefit plan to the defined contribution plan in addition to allowing the qualifying years carry forward to the new employers when the workers change jobs. Furthermore, the pension repayment is revolutionized from a single lump sum payment to an individual retirement account system complemented by monthly repayments. All of these changes are to secure the worker-retirees financially in their old age. The objectives of this study disclose the transformations of the labor retirement insurance pension systems in Taiwan and the existing modification of the Labor Insurance Act, the benefits of the Labor Standards Act pension system along with the revised Labor Pension Act. A few important factors below have been concluded in this study after analysed the revise of pension benefits systems: First of all, the repayment has changed from a single lump sum payment to monthly repayments. Secondly, the method of repayment has changed from the defined benefit plan to the defined contribution plan. Finally is to determine who are safeguarded? The protection of the social insurance is not only for the small specific groups of people but the majority of individuals. As a result, nowadays the labor pension benefits systems in Taiwan have achieved the task of securing a standard living for the retired workers. The concept of this study is to learn the affect of the changing of the economic climate and increased life expectancy on the possible forthcoming pension¡¦s crisis followed by constructive proposals to anticipate the existing labor insurance pension systems meet the needs of the worker-retirees and achieve the objectives of sustainable management of the pension systems and maintain a secured society in Taiwan.

The lack of early integration with the planning and decision-making process has been a major problem in environmental assessment. Traditional project-based environmental impact assessment has inadequate incentives and capacities to incorporate critical environmental impacts at a broader temporal or spatial scale. While many applications have been geared towards implementing project-level environmental assessments, comparatively little research has been done to determine how to incorporate strategically critical environmental impacts into local planning. Although the principles of strategic environmental assessment (SEA) are not yet required in local planning in the United States, these principles create a theoretical framework for local environmental assessment. The objective of this study is to examine the ability of local plans to integrate and implement the key SEA principles. This study focuses on increasing the understanding of how and where to integrate environmental impacts into the local planning and decision-making process by converting the principles of SEA into specific planning tools, policies, and implementation strategies. This study develops a protocol with 112 indicators to measure the strengths and weaknesses of integrating strategic environmental assessment into local comprehensive land use plans. A random sample of 40 California local comprehensive land use plans and associated planning processes is evaluated based on this plan quality evaluation protocol. Statistical analysis and multiple regression models identify the factors affecting the quality of plans with respect to their ability to assess environmental impacts. The results identify the relative strengths and weaknesses of the ability of local jurisdictions to integrate the SEA principles. The results show that many strategically important environmental issues and tools are rarely adopted by current local plans. The regression analysis results further identify the effects of planning capacity, environmental assessment capacity, public participation and contextual variables on environmental assessment plan quality. The findings extend established planning theory and practice by incorporating strategic environmental considerations into the existing framework of what constitutes a high quality local land use comprehensive plan and suggest ways to improve plan quality.

Abstract This study focuses on the employees¡¦ cognition of organizational change and job satisfaction at the Voice of Han (V.O.H), a radio broadcasting system belonging to the National Defense Ministry of R.O.C..The V.O.H is the only radio broadcasting system that can broadcast on air by 4-net (FM, AM, China Net 1 & Net 2) at the same time, among the radio broadcasting systems here in Taiwan. Belonging to the National Defense Ministry, it has experienced ¡§Streamlining Plans¡¨ and ¡§Progressive Plans¡¨, policies that are advocated for streamlining the human resources in the military. Those policies must drastically impact the development of the V.O.H one way or another. On the other hand, the cognitive attitudes and job-satisfaction degree of employees at the V.O.H play vital roles in its future development. This study adopts all the employees of the V.O.H as the population, through case study approach, analyzing the impacts that the V.O.H is facing and the responding strategy through those causes of the National Defense White Paper 2006, and the V.O.H.¡¦s adjustment of the organizational structure, to name a few. Sampling from all the employees, this study adopts several statistic methods to analyze their cognitive attitudes towards organizational change and job satisfaction, exploring the connections between variables of ¡§Cognition on Organizational Change¡¨ and ¡§Job Satisfaction¡¨. The findings of this study suggest as follows: 1. It appears obvious diversity on the ¡§Cognition on Organizational Change¡¨ and ¡§Tendency to Quit¡¨ between military and civilian employees; the former predict more risks and impacts, while the latter more tendency to quit. As for ¡§Job Satisfaction¡¨, there¡¦s little diversity. 2. ¡§Cognition on Organizational Change¡¨ obviously influences ¡§Job Satisfaction¡¨ a lot, with 17.3% out of those correspondents. In the Cognition on Organizational Change, the dimension ¡§role burden¡¨ influences job satisfaction most. 3. ¡§Job Satisfaction¡¨ obviously influences ¡§Tendency to Quit¡¨ a lot, with 37.1% out of those correspondents. In the Job Satisfaction, the dimensions such as ¡§job itself¡¨ and ¡§promotion possibility¡¨ clearly predict the tendency to quit. After the organizational change, the employees¡¦ dissatisfaction with promotion possibility is highly connected with their tendency to quit. 4. ¡§Tendency to quit¡¨ obviously influences ¡§Cognition on Organizational Change¡¨ a lot, with 13.9% out of those correspondents, which means the more the employees are dissatisfied with the organizational change, the more they bear the tendency to quit. This study explores, based on the theory, the interactions among theoretical variables, reinforcing or re-verifying the applicability and value of academic theory. By analyzing those questionnaires responded by the employees, the managerial level not only can realize what the employees, military or civilian, need or think, but also can map out strategies and action plans for the future revolution. Furthermore, through this study, the policy-makers might find out the different reactions between military and civilian employees who encounter such organizational change, which would make the policy-makers realize what they should focus on in facilitating those employees in different attributes. This study does suggest and contribute constructive directions in managing the state-run media.

Abstract Maintenance makes machine life long more and gets no loss about a chain reaction on part broken. Repair a part that has high complex and is important. It need engineer experience to decide its maintenance process plan. For turbine blade maintenance style that has various type and a small quantity. Different broken feature have different maintenance process in the maintenance process planning stage. This thesis creates a system for this property maintenance on the process planning system on the Maintenance of turbine blades. Analyzing blade broken feature and classifying the feature to bring up a case-based reasoning and fuzzy set operation that usually see in expert systems. It uses case-based databases to save engineer experiences and analysis to decide critical maintenance process factors. The critical factors can help find out similarity case and modulate a newer case. It needs to create a proto-type system for these purposes. The first, classifying turbine blades broken feature and coding the repair process for different maintenances. The second, using fuzzy set language to determine case¡¦s similarity and finding out algorithm. Integrating product data management system and the system. The research uses a company as case study to test and verify the proto-type system.