<p>Sammanfattning</p><p>Titel: Gymnasieelevers perspektiv på deras hälsa och motivation i skolmiljö</p><p>Författare: Sofia Jovannelli</p><p>Handledare: Monica Naeser</p><p>Syftet med uppsatsen var att få en djupare förståelse av hur gymnasieelevers perspektiv är på deras hälsa och motivation.</p><p>Vilka olika faktorer anser eleverna påverkar deras hälsa och motivation i deras skolmiljö?</p><p>Genom kvalitativa intervjuer med sex gymnasieelever undersöktes deras perspektiv på hälsa och motivation.</p><p>För att ge mer fakta och teorier om uppsatsens frågeställningar studerades även tidigare forskning.</p><p>Studiens centrala tolkningsram är teorin om KASAM, teori om motivation, läroplanen samt tidigare forskning i ämnesområdet.</p><p>I uppsatsen har framkommit att människors hälsa påverkas både positivt och negativt under skoltiden, men att alla elever trots att de ibland upplever skolmiljön som problematisk t.ex på grund av stress, bibehåller en vilja att fortsätta sina studier.</p><p>Intervjuerna visar att de intervjuade eleverna är nöjda med sin tid på gymnasiet.</p><p>Intervjuerna stämmer överens med tidigare teorier om hälsa och motivation då det genom intervjuerna visat sig att en förutsättning för psykiskt välbefinnande och en positiv utveckling är att man lever i ett begripligt sammanhang, med lagom anpassade krav och med möjlighet att påverka situationen.</p> / <p>Abstract</p><p>Title: A-Level students’ perspective on their own health and motivation in their college environment.</p><p>Author : Sofia Jovannelli</p><p>Supervisor : Monica Naeser</p><p>The purpose of this essay was to gain a deeper understanding of how A-level students perspective is on their own health and motivation.</p><p>Which different factors does the A-Level students´ consider affect their own health and motivation in their college environment?</p><p>Through the use of qualitative interviews with six A-level students their view on their own health and motivation was investigated.</p><p>To gain a deeper factual and theoretical basis to the research questions, I also investigated some earlier studies.</p><p>The central frame of interpretation of this study is the theory about KASAM, and earlier research in this field.</p><p>In the writing of this essay it has emerged that the people´s health is influenced in both a positive and a negative way during their school years depending on factors such for example stress related to school work.</p><p>It has emerged in the interview process that students view their college time and their college work as meaningful despite the stress some of the students can feel..</p><p>Furthermore the interviews have shown that all whom were interviewed were satisfied with their time at A-level college on the whole.</p><p>This research’s findings directly matches those of the earlier studies about health and motivation, as the interviews show that a predisposition for psychological well-being and a positive development is that you live in a comprehensible environment with appropriate demands on the students, and the possibility to influence one’s own situation.</p>

Sammanfattning Titel: Gymnasieelevers perspektiv på deras hälsa och motivation i skolmiljö Författare: Sofia Jovannelli Handledare: Monica Naeser Syftet med uppsatsen var att få en djupare förståelse av hur gymnasieelevers perspektiv är på deras hälsa och motivation. Vilka olika faktorer anser eleverna påverkar deras hälsa och motivation i deras skolmiljö? Genom kvalitativa intervjuer med sex gymnasieelever undersöktes deras perspektiv på hälsa och motivation. För att ge mer fakta och teorier om uppsatsens frågeställningar studerades även tidigare forskning. Studiens centrala tolkningsram är teorin om KASAM, teori om motivation, läroplanen samt tidigare forskning i ämnesområdet. I uppsatsen har framkommit att människors hälsa påverkas både positivt och negativt under skoltiden, men att alla elever trots att de ibland upplever skolmiljön som problematisk t.ex på grund av stress, bibehåller en vilja att fortsätta sina studier. Intervjuerna visar att de intervjuade eleverna är nöjda med sin tid på gymnasiet. Intervjuerna stämmer överens med tidigare teorier om hälsa och motivation då det genom intervjuerna visat sig att en förutsättning för psykiskt välbefinnande och en positiv utveckling är att man lever i ett begripligt sammanhang, med lagom anpassade krav och med möjlighet att påverka situationen. / Abstract Title: A-Level students’ perspective on their own health and motivation in their college environment. Author : Sofia Jovannelli Supervisor : Monica Naeser The purpose of this essay was to gain a deeper understanding of how A-level students perspective is on their own health and motivation. Which different factors does the A-Level students´ consider affect their own health and motivation in their college environment? Through the use of qualitative interviews with six A-level students their view on their own health and motivation was investigated. To gain a deeper factual and theoretical basis to the research questions, I also investigated some earlier studies. The central frame of interpretation of this study is the theory about KASAM, and earlier research in this field. In the writing of this essay it has emerged that the people´s health is influenced in both a positive and a negative way during their school years depending on factors such for example stress related to school work. It has emerged in the interview process that students view their college time and their college work as meaningful despite the stress some of the students can feel.. Furthermore the interviews have shown that all whom were interviewed were satisfied with their time at A-level college on the whole. This research’s findings directly matches those of the earlier studies about health and motivation, as the interviews show that a predisposition for psychological well-being and a positive development is that you live in a comprehensible environment with appropriate demands on the students, and the possibility to influence one’s own situation.

O presente trabalho avaliou o uso de guias de execução (Chaffin, 2012) com alunos iniciantes de piano com o objetivo de verificar se alunos iniciantes de piano apresentariam perfis similares de utilização de guias de execução, e se seria possível constatar o mesmo grau de aproveitamento observado em pesquisas anteriores. A amostra incluiu 14 alunos na faixa etária de 8 a 14 anos. Foi solicitado a cada participante a preparação de duas peças do seu repertório para gravá-las, em áudio e vídeo, executando-as de memória. A metodologia também incluiu a realização de entrevistas e anotações nas partituras dos alunos no decorrer de três encontros. Os resultados mostram que os alunos foram capazes de usar as quatro categorias de guias de execução propostas por Chaffin. Além disto, outros resultados foram corroborados tais como: a utilização de guias expressivos associada com os melhores desempenhos no teste oral e, a utilização de maior quantidade de guias básicos associada com maior ocorrência de lapsos nas gravações. / This study evaluated the use of Chaffin´s (2002) performance cues applied to beginner piano students in order to verify if an adaptation of this approach would profile similarly and show the equivalent results as in previous researches on this subject. The sample included 14 piano students ages eight to fourteen studying at the time with six piano teachers. Each participant was requested to prepare two pieces from their current repertoire to be played by memory and recorded both in audio and video. The methodology also included interviews and annotations made by students in their scores. The students and the researcher met three times for recordings, commentaries and interviews. Results show that the participating children were able to use all four categories of performance cues. Other results were verified such as the use of expressive cues associated with the best results in the oral test and the use of basics cues associated with higher rates of lapses on the recordings.

O presente trabalho avaliou o uso de guias de execução (Chaffin, 2012) com alunos iniciantes de piano com o objetivo de verificar se alunos iniciantes de piano apresentariam perfis similares de utilização de guias de execução, e se seria possível constatar o mesmo grau de aproveitamento observado em pesquisas anteriores. A amostra incluiu 14 alunos na faixa etária de 8 a 14 anos. Foi solicitado a cada participante a preparação de duas peças do seu repertório para gravá-las, em áudio e vídeo, executando-as de memória. A metodologia também incluiu a realização de entrevistas e anotações nas partituras dos alunos no decorrer de três encontros. Os resultados mostram que os alunos foram capazes de usar as quatro categorias de guias de execução propostas por Chaffin. Além disto, outros resultados foram corroborados tais como: a utilização de guias expressivos associada com os melhores desempenhos no teste oral e, a utilização de maior quantidade de guias básicos associada com maior ocorrência de lapsos nas gravações. / This study evaluated the use of Chaffin´s (2002) performance cues applied to beginner piano students in order to verify if an adaptation of this approach would profile similarly and show the equivalent results as in previous researches on this subject. The sample included 14 piano students ages eight to fourteen studying at the time with six piano teachers. Each participant was requested to prepare two pieces from their current repertoire to be played by memory and recorded both in audio and video. The methodology also included interviews and annotations made by students in their scores. The students and the researcher met three times for recordings, commentaries and interviews. Results show that the participating children were able to use all four categories of performance cues. Other results were verified such as the use of expressive cues associated with the best results in the oral test and the use of basics cues associated with higher rates of lapses on the recordings.

O presente trabalho avaliou o uso de guias de execução (Chaffin, 2012) com alunos iniciantes de piano com o objetivo de verificar se alunos iniciantes de piano apresentariam perfis similares de utilização de guias de execução, e se seria possível constatar o mesmo grau de aproveitamento observado em pesquisas anteriores. A amostra incluiu 14 alunos na faixa etária de 8 a 14 anos. Foi solicitado a cada participante a preparação de duas peças do seu repertório para gravá-las, em áudio e vídeo, executando-as de memória. A metodologia também incluiu a realização de entrevistas e anotações nas partituras dos alunos no decorrer de três encontros. Os resultados mostram que os alunos foram capazes de usar as quatro categorias de guias de execução propostas por Chaffin. Além disto, outros resultados foram corroborados tais como: a utilização de guias expressivos associada com os melhores desempenhos no teste oral e, a utilização de maior quantidade de guias básicos associada com maior ocorrência de lapsos nas gravações. / This study evaluated the use of Chaffin´s (2002) performance cues applied to beginner piano students in order to verify if an adaptation of this approach would profile similarly and show the equivalent results as in previous researches on this subject. The sample included 14 piano students ages eight to fourteen studying at the time with six piano teachers. Each participant was requested to prepare two pieces from their current repertoire to be played by memory and recorded both in audio and video. The methodology also included interviews and annotations made by students in their scores. The students and the researcher met three times for recordings, commentaries and interviews. Results show that the participating children were able to use all four categories of performance cues. Other results were verified such as the use of expressive cues associated with the best results in the oral test and the use of basics cues associated with higher rates of lapses on the recordings.

The purpose of this study is to explore and understand any correlation between a mother having postpartum depression and her now college-level child having a mental illness. The research question posed for this study was: Is there a correlation between maternal postpartum depression and the development of mental illnesses in college students? Studies have shown that there is a correlation in early childhood development, but there are deficits when it comes to long-term follow-up. Data for this study was collected via online surveys on SONA UCF. The results from the Chi-square test imply a strong association (p = .007) at n=85. Since many college students presently suffer from an array of mental illnesses, it is crucial to trace it back to the roots of the problem.

The proposed interaction between race and sex on achievement orientation has not been adequately demonstrated when cognitive measures are used. Therefore, the present study examined the effects of sex and race on attributions for achievement., Elementary level students made attributions to ability, effort, task-difficulty, or luck for 16 academic successes or failures described in a questionnaire. Girls made significantly (p < .001) fewer ability and significantly (p < .001) more effort attributions on success items than boys, regardless of their race. Six success items that had been sex-typed (3 girl, 3 boy) provided similar results. Sex-typing data indicated these subjects exhibited strong sex-role stereotypy. Results were discussed in terms of sex-typing of the individual and not the task.

The aim of the present study was to examine how the academic confidence among first year and second year master students were affected by the students’ parents educational level. 47 students on advanced level completed a questionnaire examining self-efficacy (SE), a concept that Albert Bandura (1997) defined as the level of confidence individuals have in their ability to execute courses of action or attain specific performance results. The questionnaire also included questions regarding the students’ parents educational level, the students gender, age and campus. The results indicated that the students SE in no significant matter were affected by the parents’ educational level. Neither did the students gender or campus significantly affect their SE. There was a significant negative correlation between the age of students and SE, which showed that as the age of the students increased, their SE decreased. / Målsättningen med den aktuella studien var att undersöka hur magister- och masterstudenters tilltro till sin studieförmåga påverkades av deras respektive föräldrars utbildningsnivå. 47 studenter på avancerad nivå fick svara på en enkät som undersökte graden av self-efficacy (SE), vilket Albert Bandura (1997) definierade som förmågan att ta sig an en uppgift och slutföra den, samt nå ett på förhand uppsatt mål. Enkäten omfattade även information om studenternas föräldrars utbildningsnivå, studenternas kön, ålder och studieort. Resultaten visade att studenternas SE inte påverkades signifikant av föräldrarnas utbildningsnivå. Inte heller studenternas kön, eller studieort hade någon signifikant påverkan på SE. Däremot fanns en signifikant negativ korrelation mellan studenternas ålder och SE, vilken visade på att i takt med att åldern på studenterna ökade, så minskade deras SE.

本研究採行動研究，旨在探討如何設計出一套符合低成就學生需求的補救教學課程。實施對象為九年級六位體育班學生並選取其中兩位做深入的紀錄。地點為南部一所特偏國中，經歷十五週。研究結果如下: 第一，對低成就學生有幫助的教學設計應考量到: 1. 教材應就低成就學生程度而做適宜的改編。 2. 診斷學生學習困難之處並對症下藥，以提升學生學習信心。 3. 根據學生偏好的學習模式，課程應減少老師講課，多讓學生做活動。 第二，補救教學課程確實能幫助低成就學生學習，基於以下五點: 1. 師生互動頻繁。 2. 不必趕進度，學生做中學。 3. 學生告訴老師自己想學的東西，落實學習者中心的理念。 4. 友善環境下，學生逐漸培養出讀書習慣。 5. 活動多元，從各面向訓練學生英語能力。 第三，如何提供一套有效的補救教學課程，有以下三點發現: 1. 將課堂學習與學生的生活經驗相連結。 2. 學生主導自己的學習。 3. 提供支持的學習環境。 實施過程中面臨到最大的挑戰為學生時輟時學，搖擺不定的態度。因應方式為冷靜處理，堅持到底。 最後，根據研究結果，對教學與未來研究提出相關建議。 / This study adopted action research to explore how to design an effective remedial instruction based on the low-level students’ varied needs. This remedial English program was implemented to six ninth PE specialty graders, lasting for fifteen weeks in junior high school locating in the extremely rural area. The findings of this study are as follows: As the aspects of offering a helpful remedial instruction, first, the contents must be adapted to meet the low-level readiness levels. Second, the class can focus on students’ difficulties to enhance students’ confidence. Third, the teachers can reduce lectures to allow for activities based on the students’ leaning styles. The low-level students were proved to benefit from the remedial English class because first, there was lots of interaction between the students and the teacher. Second, the remedial class did not have to follow the fixed schedule, and the students could learn through participating in activities. Third, the students told their needs to the teacher. The learner-centered concept was carried out in this way. Fourth, the low-level students were provided with constant support and help, and they gradually cultivate study habits. Fifth, the remedial class offered diverse activities to develop students’ proficiency. After implementation, the researcher concluded three points to design an effective remedial instruction. First, connect the learning to students’ personal experience. Second, let the students take the active role. Third, create a support environment. In the process, the challenge was the students’ lax attitudes and inconsistency. The teacher solved the dilemma with reason and persistence. Finally, based on the findings, suggestions for teaching and future studies were discussed. Keywords: Remedial instruction, Low-level students, An effective instruction

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