Syftet med uppsatsen är att få en djupare förståelse av före detta kriminellas upplevelser av utanförskap efter den tid som kriminell, samt om utanförskapet i så fall har skapat svårigheter att inte återfalla i en kriminell livsstil. Teorier som används i uppsatsen är Erving Goffmans teori om stigma, Howard Beckers teori om stämpling och Travis Hirschis teori om sociala band. Teorierna används för att förstå varför de före detta kriminella kan tänkas uppleva utanförskap och varför det kan upplevas som svårt att inte återfalla. Tidigare forskning tar upp olika former av utanförskap som kan existera hos före detta kriminella, men också om risken att återfalla i kriminalitet på grund av utanförskapet. För att besvara uppsatsens frågeställning har semistrukturerade intervjuer genomförts med fyra män som tidigare levt ett kriminellt liv. Slutsatsen är att männen upplever utanförskap i samhället trots att de inte längre lever ett kriminellt liv. Utanförskapet har varit påtagligast den närmsta tiden efter fängelsestraffet, men tre av de fyra männen upplever idag fortfarande utanförskap. Upplevelsen av utanförskap har även varit en faktor som gjort att deltagarna tidigare i livet har återfallit när de försökt komma ifrån den kriminella livsstilen. Slutsatserna går att koppla till samtliga teorier som används i uppsatsen. För vidare forskning kan utanförskap hos före detta kriminella studeras i livsloppsintervjuer, för att få en uppfattning över hur utanförskap har upplevts även innan och under den kriminella livsstilen. Om upplevelser av utanförskap hos före detta kriminella skiljer sig beroende på kön, etnisk bakgrund och socioekonomiska faktorer kan också vidare studeras. Uppsatsen visar att utanförskap upplevs och även hur, förslag på vidare forskning är därför även hur de före detta kriminella hanterar det upplevda utanförskapet.

Många människor i Sverige lider av en beroendeproblematik och dessa har i sin tur anhöriga som står dem nära. Anhöriga är en grupp som det har talats alltför lite om och som forskningsämne är det underforskat på både nationell och internationell nivå. Det här är en kvalitativ studie som syftar till att belysa och förstå hur situationen för föräldrar till barn med drogberoende ter sig och vilka förändringsprocesser det kan leda till. Datainsamlingen består primärt av kvalitativa intervjuer med föräldrar vilket kompletterats med annan forskning. För att förstå och förklara min empiri så har jag använt mig av ett teoretiskt ramverk som fokuserar på relationer och roller och förändringar inom dessa. Resultatet visar på att föräldrar till drogberoende barn påverkas på många sätt av den uppkomna situationen. De känner mycket oro och maktlöshet inför sina barns situation, familjedynamiken förändras och relationer blir ansträngda. Det sociala livet har i många fall fått stå tillbaka då det saknats tid och energi. Det har också resulterat i att de under tidens gång fått omförhandla sin roll som förälder och ta till sig nya begrepp som anhörig och medberoende. Flera vittnade om att det fanns brister i samarbetet med myndigheter och att det saknades stöd för anhöriga från samhället sida. De har istället sökt sig till anhörigföreningar där de hittat gemenskap och stöd i sin situation vilket har varit betydelsefullt i många fall. Med den här studien ämnar jag bidra till den kunskapslucka som finns när det kommer till anhöriga inom beroendeforskning.

Orientador: René Aloísio da Costa Vieira / Banca: Jair Cortez Montovani / Banca: José Magrin / Resumo: O câncer de boca e orofaringe apresentam incidência elevada em nosso meio, sendo o diagnóstico realizado em estádio avançado, onde a sobrevida é limitada. Neste sentido, faz-se importante avaliar e aprimorar métodos que visem ao diagnóstico precoce destas lesões. O uso do lugol ou do azul de toluidina tem limitações, e o exame clínico de rotina não é realizado rotineiramente na prática clínica, mesmo em populações de alto risco. A pesquisa neoplasia primária em pacientes de risco constitui um bom modelo na avaliação de novas metodologias de diagnóstico precoce do câncer de boca e orofaringe, sendo que a taxa de segunda neoplasia primária varia de 1 a 40%. Recentemente, o aparecimento de endoscópios com o recurso do Narrow-band imaging (NBI) tem demonstrado uma elevação na acurácia do diagnóstico de lesões neoplásicas, porém o número de trabalhos é limitado, havendo pouca experiência em nosso meio. Estudo prospectivo de pacientes portadores de carcinoma espinocelular de boca, orofaringe e esôfago, sem tratamento prévio, atendidos no Hospital de Câncer de Barretos no período de janeiro a agosto de 2010. Procurou-se avaliar a pesquisa de lesões préneoplásicas e segunda tumor primário (STP) na boca e orofaringe, utilizando-se o exame físico, associado a endoscopia com luz branca e a endoscopia com o recurso do NBI. As lesões visualizadas foram biopsiadas e as imagens digitalizadas. Utilizou-se a classificação patológica de WHO. Procurou-se avaliar a sensibilidade, especificidade, acurácia valores preditivos positivos e negativos e teste kappa da técnica do NBI em relação à técnica tradicional avaliando em as lesões pré-neoplásicas e neoplásicas. Foram avaliados 144 pacientes, sendo a maioria homens (86,8%), portadores de CEC de boca (44,4%), fumantes (80,6%) e etilistas (58,3%), com tumores em estádio STP em cabeça e pescoço... (resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Oral and oralpharyngeal cancer have high incidence in our country, being diagnosed at advanced stages, where survival is limited. In this sense is important to evaluate and improve methods aimed at early diagnosis, such as lugol's solution and toluidine, but both have limitations, and clinical evaluation, not always used in clinical practice, even in high risks population.The research of second primary tumor in high risks pacients is a good way to evaluate new methods of earlier diagnosis of oral and oralpharyngeal cancers. It's important to remember that the rate of second primary tumor varies between 1 to 40%. Recently, advent of endoscopes with the NBI feature (narrow band imaging) in endoscopy has demonstrated an increase in accuracy in cancer diagnosis, but the number of publications are still limited, with little experience in our midst. Cross-sectional, prospective, study of patients with oral carcinoma, pharynx and esophagus, untreated, in Cancer Hospital of Barretos, between january and august in 2010. Second primary tumor (SPT) in oral and oropharynx was searching using the association between clinical evaluation with white light endoscopy and NBI endoscopy. When lesions were presented it was biopsied and images digitalized. WHO pathologic classification was performed. The results of the both methods were compared regarding sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value and negative predictive value and kappa test. We evaluated 144 patients, being the majority men (86.8%) with OSCC (oral squamous cell carcinomas) (44.4%), smokers (80.6%) and alcoholics (58.3%), clinical stage neoplasia III and IV (77.0%). We identified nine neoplastic lesions and 16 dysplasia lesions. Head and neck SPT rate was 6,3%, but the rate of premalignant lesions and malignant in oral cavity and oropharynx was 17.4% and 30.0% when the primary site was oral cavity, 25.0% for esophagus... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

abstract: The purposes of this study were (a) to develop a reliable and valid measure of secondary student attitudes toward band teacher turnover using the Thurstone (1928) equal-appearing interval scale as a model, and (b) to administer this measurement tool to determine attitudes of high school band students toward teacher turnover. This procedure included collecting statements about an imagined teacher turnover from students in the population (N = 216) and having student judges (N = 95) sort the statements into eleven categories based on how positive, neutral, or negative, each statement was perceived. The judging results were then analyzed, and 29 statements were selected for inclusion in the final survey, which was completed by students (N = 521) from 10 randomly selected high schools in Arizona. Student responses were analyzed and compared by the independent variables of gender, grade level, and band teacher turnover experience, to determine if significant differences existed. Results indicated that the overall students' attitudes toward teacher turnover are neutral. One significant difference was found in the slightly positive attitudes of students in the year immediately following a band teacher turnover. This only lasts a year, as students in the second year of a teacher turnover were found to have comparable attitudes to students who have not experienced a new teacher transition. Findings also suggest seniors may have a different perspective than other students toward teacher turnover. / Dissertation/Thesis / Ph.D. Music Education 2011

200f.il. / Submitted by JURANDI DE SOUZA SILVA (jssufba@hotmail.com) on 2012-07-18T14:19:27Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Cleisson Melo - Influencia do Jazz - Swing Era na Musica Orquestral - WEB.pdf: 2268566 bytes, checksum: eebf287a501f71693a8ee7deeb015427 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2012-07-18T14:19:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cleisson Melo - Influencia do Jazz - Swing Era na Musica Orquestral - WEB.pdf: 2268566 bytes, checksum: eebf287a501f71693a8ee7deeb015427 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010-02 / Este trabalho tem como objetivo investigar a influência das Big Bands (Jazz Orquestra) na música brasileira de concerto para orquestra entre 1935 a 1965, período de existência das Big Bands antes do movimento de revitalização (Revival) destas. Através da análise dos traços rítmicos, harmônicos, instrumentais e principalmente orquestrais, com diferentes abordagens composicionais, no intento de demonstrar estratégias compositivo-orquestrais adotadas emobras sob esta influência. Pretende ainda compor uma obra baseada na influência das big bands em dialogo com a música erudita contemporânea, inserindo estes dois conteúdos em uma ambientação sinfônica pequena de modo a extrair o máximo de recursos e sonoridade de uma instrumentação menor, demonstrando assim a riqueza desta influência. / Salvador

Steel bands have become more prevalent in U.S. schools since the early 1980's. Through discussions with several of the leading steelpan builders in the United States, it is now estimated that there are over 600 steel bands in U.S. schools and universities. An appealing aspect of these ensembles is that they attract a wide range of students, from accomplished instrumentalists to students with no musical background. Due to their uniqueness in school music programs, steel bands are often extra-curricular activities but are often highly sought after for performances. This case study examines students' motivations to play in steel band (nontraditional music ensembles) including informal music education and learning, pedagogy, curriculum, and repertoire. It was found that students are attracted to the ensemble due to the uniqueness of the instruments, the repertoire, and for the opportunity to be part of a close community. Students value the opportunity for learning music in an informal manner where they are able to have input on the instructional process and what material is performed.

Thesis (M.M.A.)--Boston University

abstract: Nanowires (NWs) have attracted many interests due to their advance in synthesis and their unique structural, electrical and optical properties. NWs have been realized as promising candidates for future photonic platforms. In this work, erbium chloride silicate (ECS), CdS and CdSSe NWs growth by vapor-liquid-solid mechanism and their characterization were demonstrated. In the ECS NWs part, systematic experiments were performed to investigate the relation between growth temperature and NWs structure. Scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and photoluminescence characterization were used to study the NWs morphology, crystal quality and optical properties. At low growth temperature, there was strong Si Raman signal observed indicating ECS NWs have Si core. At high growth temperature, the excess Si signal was disappeared and the NWs showed better crystal quality and optical properties. The growth temperature is the key parameter that will induce the transition from Si/ECS core-shell NWs structure to solid ECS NWs. With the merits of high Er concentration and long PL lifetime, ECS NWs can serve as optical gain material with emission at 1.5 μm for communications and amplifiers. In the CdS, CdSSe NWs part, the band gap engineering of CdSSe NWs with spatial composition tuning along single NWs were demonstrated. The first step of realizing CdSSe NWs was the controlled growth of CdS NWs. It showed that overall pressure would largely affect the lengths of the CdS NWs. NWs with longer length can be obtained at higher pressure. Then, based on CdS NWs growth and by adding CdSe step by step, composition graded CdSSe alloy NWs were successfully synthesized. The temperature control over the source vapor concentration plays the key role for the growth. / Dissertation/Thesis / M.S. Electrical Engineering 2012

The safety braking system with the hand guard is the most important safety equipment for the user of a chainsaw. The safety system prevents serious injuries caused by a kickback. A kickback is when the running chain suddenly gets stuck e.g. by getting stuck in wood or hit a rock. Due to the potentially serious consequences of a kickback, the braking system has to fulfil strict requirements formulated by the authorities. In the present thesis, a generic analytical model of the braking system for a typical Husqvarna chainsaw is developed. The model is implemented as an Excel work sheet, which will facilitate future projects. The thesis includes sections of analytical calculations with information provided from both Catia and resources at Husqvarna. Several experiments were accomplished to strengthen and prove the analysis. The torque, index and activation force are tested. The static activation force is then completed in a simulation program to provide spread in the model. The parameters with most impact are also detected in the Excel simulation. A matrix of testing is constructed with parameters outside the tolerances for the dynamic experiment. Due to the collected data of the test, the relation between the two types of activation can be established. In comparison between samples of production with the simulation on equal numbers of 24 tests gave adifference on 4.75 % in mean value. 6 out of 32 tests could not be approved within the authorities’requirements for the acceleration with respect to the higher tolerances than production in the testing matrix. The most significant parameters for the static force were the brake spring and the angle of the knee joint. For the dynamic activation, the dimensions of the knee joint is crucial. Reasoning for errors are implemented in the discussion section e.g. the importance of data for the band. To improve the accuracy of the model a section of future work contains suggestments. One suggestion for improvement is to deliver more production values to ensure the comprehension of the experiments.

Cette thèse présente l’étude d’un réseau de capteurs pour la surveillance en temps réel de la qualité des eaux souterraines. L’objectif est de réussir à communiquer dans la bande de fréquences libre à 433MHz sur plusieurs dizaines de kilomètres. Le problème majeur des bandes libres est la présence de transmissions parasites (brouilleurs). Nous avons donc, en premier lieu, mis en évidence de la présence de ces brouilleurs et étudier leur impact sur les communications. Après analyse, il s’avère que les brouilleurs sont très nombreux et puissants mais que leur répartition dans la bande est inégale. Une étude spectrale de la bande semble nécessaire, avant la mise en place du réseau, afin de transmettre dans les canaux les moins pollués. Des communications nocturnes sont également à privilégier car les brouilleurs sont moins nombreux la nuit. Nous présentons ensuite une architecture réseau, adaptée au cahier des charges et à cette bande de fréquences. Nous avons également testé un composant RF dédié aux transmissions en bande ISM. Les résultats montrent que les performances de ce composant sont faibles pour des communications longues distances en présence de brouilleurs. Un récepteur radiofréquence simple ne permet donc pas de réaliser des communications fiables dans ces conditions. Le prototype complet du réseau, développé durant ces travaux, est ensuite décrit. Pour finir, nous proposons un nouveau concept de récepteur, utilisant un réseau d’antennes phasé et un détecteur cyclostationnaire, pour pallier au problème des brouilleurs. Le but est de stocker les signaux reçus pour les traiter en temps différé à l’aide d’algorithmes de filtrage spatial. Des simulations montrent l’efficacité de ce concept. / This thesis presents the study of a wireless sensor network for real-time monitoring of groundwater quality. The aim is to successfully communicate in the free 433MHz frequency band over tens of kilometers. The main issue of free bands is the presence of radio frequency interferences (RFI). First, we have studied the properties of these RFI and there impacts on communications. This analysis shows numerous and powerful jammers but with an irregular distribution in time and frequency. In consequence, the network set-up should be based on prior analysis of the time-frequency context. In particular, night communications should be preferred. Then, we present a network architecture adapted to the given industrial specifications and the mentioned frequency band constraint. We have also tested a RF component suitable for ISM band transmissions. Results show that the component performances are low for longue range communications with RFI. With a simple radio frequency receiver, reliable communications are not possible in these conditions. Then the complete network prototype, developed during this thesis, is described. Finally, to overcome the problem due to jammers, we propose a new receiver concept. It is based on a phased antenna array and a cyclostationary detector. The aim is to detect the signal of interest among RFI and to store it for further signal processing. In particular, off-line spatial filtering techniques can used to remove RFI. Simulations show the efficiency of this concept.