Obra audiovisual para optar al título profesional de realizador de Cine y Televisión / Retrato observacional del proceso artístico de una de las obras de Marcelino, un artista que vive en un contexto de violencia y marginalidad lo que ha marcado su obra hasta ahora inédita. Por años ha reunido maniquíes y pertenencias de sus familiares que vivían con él, para re-simbolizarlos y transformarlos en obras exhibidas en rincones de las calles de Santiago.

Marginal zone B-cell lymphomas (MZBL) constitute 7% of all non-Hodgkin lymphomas, being the third most common subtype after diffuse large B-cell lymphoma(DLBCL) and follicular lymphoma. Extranodal MZBL (ENMZBL) most commonly arise from the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT lymphoma), with stomach being the most common site. ENMZBL involving the dura is anatomically unusual and very rare. A 54 year old female presented to the hospital with worsening headaches and new onset generalized tonic clonic seizures. Complete blood counts and chemistry were unremarkable. No constitutional symptoms, new / progressive lymphadenopathy reported. Magnetic resonance Imaging( MRI) brain showed an enhancing right subdural soft tissue lesion overlying the right frontotemporal lobe suggestive of meningioma versus metastasis. Computed Tomography (CT) chest/abdomen/pelvis revealed no mass or lymphadenopathy. Lumbar Puncture cerebrospinal fluid cytology was negative for malignancy. She underwent brain biopsy. Pathology revealed diffuse infiltrate of small to medium-sized lymphoid cells, Immunohistochemical stains positive for CD 20, PAX5, CD 79a, Ki-67 at 5-10%, weakly positive for MUM1 and BCL2, negative for CD3, CD5, CD10, BCL6, cyclin D1, consistent with ENMZBL. Bone marrow biopsy and aspiration negative for involvement with lymphoma. Patient received local/regional therapy with radiation (XRT), total dose 24 Gy in 12 fractions. She presented six months later with worsening neck pain. MRI cervical spine revealed diffuse thick dural based enhancement within the spinal canal at C1-C4 levels leading to moderate-to-severe spinal canal stenosis at C2-C3 level with significant soft tissue extension. Repeat labs, systemic imaging, and bone marrow biopsy continued to show no evidence of systemic disease. She received low dose XRT to the entire craniospinal axis (dose-4Gy). Patient developed profound pancytopenia secondary to craniospinal XRT. After count recovery she initiated daily oral Ibrutinib (560 mg) with plans for a treatment duration of one year. Dural based ENMZL usually present as solitary masses, mimicking meningioma's. Marked female predilection is seen with median age of onset 50 years. Very few cases have been reported in literature with no standard therapy being described. ENMZL are usually indolent requiring less aggressive therapy. In contrast, primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) of diffuse large B cell histology is usually aggressive with high tendency to relapse, requiring treatment with high dose methotrexate based regimes. Dural based ENMZL therapy entails local treatments such as surgery and radiation therapy (relatively low dose radiation usually effective with prolonged durable responses). Systemic treatment with single agent Rituximab or with Tyrosine Kinase inhibitors like Ibrutinib with CNS penetration can also be considered. Long-term follow-up is recommended even in those patients who achieved complete remission as relapses may occur.

No description available.

No / The marginal cost approach for the analysis of repair/replacement models was introduced by Berg in 1980 and has since been applied to many maintenance policies of various complexity. All models hitherto analysed in the literature by the marginal cost approach have one single decision variable only, this being, typically, the age of the current item at the time of ordering or replacement. This paper is concerned with the extension of the marginal cost technique to maintenance policies with several decision variables. After addressing the general framework appropriate for the multi-parameter case, we exemplify the workings of the technique by analysing a two-variable maintenance model involving replacement and minimal repair. We demonstrate that the marginal cost approach is an attractive and intuitively appealing technique also for models with several decision variables. Just as in the single-parameter situation, the approach is amenable to economic interpretation, a welcome feature for users of maintenance models with a prime interest in its economic (rather than its mathematical) aspects. As an added bonus of the marginal cost approach, in our example, some otherwise necessary tools from the theory of stochastic processes are dispensable.

Overall this thesis explores the age pattern of consumption of the Canadian elderly. Theoretical applications of the Life Cycle Hypothesis suggest that these consumption patterns should be constant in real terms as individuals age. However, most empirical work observes a declining pattern of consumption with age and health status. This thesis attempts to resolve this difference. The first chapter uses data from the Canadian National Population Health Survey. Using a comprehensive measure of health status, it finds that poor health explains the reduction in consumption (and its marginal utility), with most of the effect occurring among individuals whose income is above the median. The second chapter uses data from the Canadian Survey of Household Spending to explore the effect on non-healthcare consumption of falling into ill health. It finds that the effect on non-healthcare consumption varies by the level of a household's saving or dissaving. Non-healthcare consumption decreases by roughly 2.25% of after-tax income for those households that dissave 10% of their current year after-tax income or less. As households dissave larger and larger amount, however, the effect first becomes less negative, and then more positive. The third chapter develops a theoretical approach to calculating a life annuity value that produces optimal levels of annual consumption that reflect changes in utility based on health status and age. Relative to an annuity that produces a constant real stream of income for a healthy 65 year old male, the optimal stream of income starts roughly 2% higher and drops by 2% to 3% by age 80 and by a further 2% or so by age 95. This pattern of consumption is roughly equivalent to ignoring 15 to 20 basis points of annual inflation relative to an annuity that is fully indexed to inflation. / Thesis / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

AIM: To measure marginal bone loss around endosseous dental implants at 2nd stage abutment surgery and retrospectively evaluate the association of pre-surgical variables with bone findings. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two implant systems were included in the study design. Straumann Bone Level Tapered SLActive and Nobel Biocare Replace Conical Connection. Implants were placed by the same resident from the Periodontics department. Clinical measurements of bone level were recorded at the time of placement and then again at 2nd stage surgery at four different points (mesial, lingual, buccal, distal). RESULTS: Five implants were evaluated in the study. Bone loss averages ranged from 0-1.0mm. Nobel implants had an average loss of .75mm and Straumann implants had an average loss of .67mm. CONCLUSION: Many variables contribute to marginal bone loss around endosseous dental implants at 2nd stage abutment surgery. The current research was designed to understand the relationship between these variables and early marginal bone loss. All implant samples included here were defined as control because of ≤1.0mm bone loss per IRB protocol.

Esta dissertação pretende apresentar uma leitura da poética de Cacaso, partindo de uma comparação entre o modernismo, frequentemente visto como forte influência para a poesia dos anos 70, e os textos do poeta mineiro e chegando ao livro Beijo na boca de 1975, o qual consideramos ser a obra mais madura de Antônio Carlos de Brito. Divido em três partes, o trabalho pretende se concentrar no uso que Cacaso faz de diversas situações enunciativas, ressignificando os enunciados. Na primeira parte, a questão da liberdade é trabalhada, a qual é buscada nos poetas modernistas, principalmente Mário de Andrade e Oswald de Andrade; na segunda parte o foco é nas diferenças de abordagem, quanto ao tema da liberdade e do uso de técnicas poéticas consagradas pelos modernistas, causadas pelas diferentes questões tratadas no campo literário; a terceira e última parte foca-se na especifidade do texto cacasiano, não apenas em relação aos modernistas, mas em relação aos outros poetas dos anos 70. / This dissertations intends to present a view of Cacasos poetics, beginning at a comparison between the brazilian modernism from 20s, usually seen as a very strong influence for the poetry of the 70s, and Cacasos texts. Divided in three parts, this work focus in finding how Cacaso deals with a variety of enunciations, resignifying the enunciates, arriving at the 1975 book, Beijo na boca. In the first part, the liberty, which comes from the modernista poets, mostly Mário de Andrade and Oswald de Andrade, is the starting point; in the second part, the focus is on why there are differences on the approach and use of liberty and other poetic tecniques between the modernists and the poets of the 70s, comparing only the literary fields; the third and last part centers on the especifities of Cacasos poetics not only concerning the relation with the modernists, but also the relation with other poets from the 70s.

Este estudo in vitro avaliou a microinfiltração marginal de restaurações de classe V em resina composta, preparadas utilizando-se três técnicas de preparo cavitário: Alta-rotação (AR), ultrassom (US) e a associação das duas técnicas (AR+US); e restauradas após a aplicação de 3 sistemas adesivos, sendo um de condicionamento total (Single-Bond (SB)) e dois autocondicionantes (Clearfil SE Bond (CSE) e Prompt L-Pop (POP)). Foram formados nove grupos (n=14) com terceiros molares que tiveram cavidades preparadas em suas faces vestibular e lingual, e foram classificados como: Grupo1- AR/SB; Grupo 2 AR/CSE; Grupo 3 AR/POP; Grupo 4 US/SB; Grupo 5 US/CSE; Grupo 6 US/POP; Grupo 7 AR+US/SB; Grupo 8 - AR+US/CSE; Grupo 9 - AR+US/POP. Após a aplicação do adesivo as cavidades foram preenchidas com resina composta Z250-3M ESPE e armazenadas em água destilada a 37°C durante 24 horas. Posteriormente, as restaurações foram polidas e os espécimes termociclados (1000 ciclos/ 5 e 55°C), impermeabilizados, imersos em solução de nitrato de prata 50% por 8 horas, seccionados em 3 fatias, imersos em solução fotoreveladora por 16 horas e observados em microscópio óptico acoplado à uma câmera de vídeo. As imagens foram digitalizadas e um software foi utilizado para medir a microinfiltração marginal dos lados oclusal e cervical. Foi realizado ANOVA Split-plot que demonstrou não haver diferenças estatisticamente significantes para os lados oclusal e cervical (p<0.05). A média dos lados oclusal e cervical foi realizada e os dados submetidos à ANOVA 2 Fatores (p=0,05), que mostrou haver diferenças estatisticamente significante entre os grupos, sendo necessário a utilização de um Teste de Tukey (p=0,05). Este teste mostrou não haver diferenças estatisticamente significantes entre os grupos restaurados com o sistema adesivo de condicionamento total (SB), no entanto, os grupos restaurados com os adesivos CSE e POP apresentaram menor microinfiltração para os grupos preparados com US e AR+US. O Grupo US/CSE apresentou o menor índice de microinfiltração e o AR/POP o maior. Nas condições deste estudo, podemos concluir que o método de preparo das cavidades pode alterar a microinfiltração marginal para restaurações que utilizem sistema adesivo autocondicionante. / This in vitro study compared the microleakage of class V resin composite restorations placed in cavities prepared with high-speed dental bur (AR), ultrasonic preparation devices (US) and high-speed dental bur plus ultrasonic preparation devices(AR+US), and restored using three different adhesive systems (One all etch Single Bond (SB) , and two Self-etch Clearfil CSE bond (CSE), Prompt L-Pop (POP)). Nine groups (n= 14) of human third molars each were prepared on the bucal and lingual surfaces were formed: Group 1- AR/SB; Group 2 AR/CSE; Group3 AR/POP; Group4 US/SB; Group 5 US/CSE; Group 6 US/POP; Group 7 AR+US/SB; Group 8 - AR+US/CSE; Group 9 - AR+US/POP. Specimens were built up with Z250/3M ESPE composite and stored in distilled water at 37°C for 24 hours. Then, the restorations were polished and the specimens thermocycling (1000 cycles/ 5°- 55°C), put impermeable, immersed in a 50% silver nitrate solution for 8 hours, sectioned, immersed in a photographic developer solution at darkness for 16 hours, and analyzed for leakage at the oclusal and cervical interface using an optical microscope connected to a video camera. The images were digitalized and software was utilized for microleakage assessment. Upon analyzing the results using a Split-plot ANOVA no statistically significant differences (p<0,05) between the cervical and oclusal interfaces for all groups was observed. The average of the interfaces was held and a Two-Way ANOVA revealed differences in microleakage among the tested groups (p=0,05). Tukey Test for Multiple Comparisons (p=0,05) demonstrated no significant difference between the groups restored with total etch adhesive system (SB), the groups restored with CSE and POP showed the least microleakage for the group prepared with the US and AR/US. The group US/CSE had the lowest microleakage and the group AR/POP had the highest. In the conditions of this study, we can conclude that the method of cavity preparation may affect the microleakage when a selfetch adhesive system is used.

Neste trabalho propomos a representação de uma densidade bivariada segundo a natureza geométrica das marginais. Uma densidade contínua pode ser aproximada pela exponencial de um polinômio num domínio limitado. Tal aproximação permite estudar a influência do comportamento marginal e condicional sobre a densidade conjunta. Esse estudo é realizado encontrando os conjuntos dos possíveis valores dos coeficientes do polinômio segundo a informação dada sobre as densidades marginais ou as densidades condicionais. Também analisamos os coeficientes segundo algumas medidas de dependência. Concluímos mostrando a influência do comportamento marginal e condicional sobre variáveis aleatórias discretas. / In this work we propose a representation of a bivariate density according to the geometrical nature of the marginals. A continuous density can be approximated by the exponencial of a polynomial in a finite domain. Such approximation let us study the influence of the marginal and conditional behavior on the joint density. This study is done by finding the possible values of the polynomial coefficients upon the given information about the marginal or the conditional densities. We also analyze the coefficients according some dependence measures. We conclude showing the influence of the marginal and conditional behavior on discrete random variables.

Foram analisadas a capacidade seladora e a adaptação marginal de tampões apicais confeccionados com diferentes materiais, sob a influência de três técnicas de obturação de canais radiculares. Foram utilizados cento e vinte dentes permanentes de humanos, unirradiculados e portadores de um canal, superiores ou inferiores, com raízes íntegras e ápices completamente formados. Após a abertura coronária, foi realizado o preparo dos canais radiculares pela técnica coroa-ápice, com brocas de Gates Glidden em ordem numérica decrescente, partindo-se da broca número 5 até a de número 1, sendo que esta sempre ultrapassou o forame apical em 1mm. Após esse procedimento, os canais foram dilatados, ainda, com limas do tipo K, iniciando-se com a de número 50 até a de número 90, padronizando-se, assim, o diâmetro do forame. Durante a instrumentação, todas as limas ultrapassaram o forame apical em 1mm. Após esse procedimento, realizou-se a impermeabilização da superfície externa das raízes, com uma camada de Araldite e duas de esmalte para unhas. Na seqüência, os dentes foram divididos em 4 grupos de 30 espécimes cada, de acordo com os materiais utilizados na confecção dos tampões apicais, com 5mm de espessura: Grupo 1 - pasta L & C, Grupo 2 - cimento MTA-Angelus® cinza, Grupo 3 - cimento CPM® e Grupo 4 - cimento MBPc. A seguir, cada grupo foi dividido em três subgrupos, com 10 dentes cada, de acordo com a técnica obturadora utilizada: condensação lateral, híbrida de Tagger e sistema Ultrafil. Realizadas as obturações, os 10 dentes de cada subgrupo, devidamente identificados, foram imersos em solução corante de Rodamina B a 0,2%, pH 7,0 e levados à estufa a 37oC, onde permaneceram por 48 horas. Após a lavagem dos dentes e a retirada da impermeabilização, os mesmos foram desgastados longitudinalmente, na face mesial ou na distal, utilizando-se discos de carburundum, de modo a expor o tampão apical e a obturação. A análise da infiltração marginal foi feita utilizando-se fotografias digitalizadas, com o auxílio do software Image Tool 3.0. Como medida de infiltração, considerou-se o traço de maior extensão do corante, na interface tampão apical-parede dentinária, desde a porção mais apical do material até a sua porção mais cervical. Para a realização do teste de adaptação marginal às paredes dentinárias dos materiais utilizados como tampão apical, foram utilizados os mesmos dentes submetidos ao teste de infiltração de Rodamina B a 0,2%, com exceção dos dentes do grupo 1 (pasta L & C). Assim, os 90 espécimes dos grupos 2, 3 e 4 foram seccionados transversalmente a 7mm do ápice. Esses segmentos foram metalizados e levados ao microscópio eletrônico de varredura (M.E.V.), obtendo-se fotomicrografias com aumentos de 35X e 150X. Para a análise da adaptação marginal dos cimentos testados, as fotomicrografias com aumento de 35X foram levadas ao software Image Tool 3.0 e a mensuração da desadaptação foi feita de forma linear, medindo-se, em micrometros, a extensão da mesma. Os resultados obtidos, tanto da análise da infiltração como da adaptação marginal, foram tabulados e submetidos aos testes estatísticos de Kruskal- Wallis e de Dunn. Os resultados mostraram que o cimento MBPc apresentou os menores índices de infiltração de Rodamina B a 0,2%, com diferença estatística significante para os demais materiais; o cimento CPM® apresentou os melhores resultados quando avaliada a adaptação às paredes do canal radicular, porém sem significância estatística; as três técnicas obturadoras utilizadas não tiveram influência sobre a capacidade seladora e nem na adaptação dos tampões apicais. / This study evaluated the sealing ability and marginal adaptation of apical plugs fabricated with different materials, under the influence of three root canal filling techniques. The study sample was composed of 120 single-rooted permanent teeth with a single canal, either maxillary or mandibular, with intact roots and completely formed apices. After coronal opening, root canal preparation was performed by the crown-down technique with Gates Glidden burs in decreasing order, from bur #5 to #1; the latter always surpassed the apical foramen in 1mm. After this procedure, the root canals were enlarged with K files #50 to #90, therefore standardizing the foramen diameter. During instrumentation, all files surpassed the apical foramen in 1mm. Afterwards, the external root surfaces were impermeabilized by application of one coat of Araldite and two coats of nail enamel. Following, the teeth were divided into 4 groups with 30 specimens each, according to the materials employed to fabricate the apical plugs, with 5-mm thickness: Group 1 - L & C paste; Group 2 - gray MTA-Angelus -sealer; Group 3 - CPM - sealer; and Group 4 - MBPc sealer. Each group was then divided into three subgroups with 10 teeth each, according to the root canal filling technique adopted: lateral condensation, Tagger hybrid technique, and Ultrafil system. Then, the 10 teeth from each subgroup, properly labeled, were immersed into 0.2% Rhodamine B, pH 7.0 and placed in an oven at 37oC for 48 hours. After rinsing and removal of the impermeable coat, the teeth were longitudinally worn with carborundum discs on the mesial or distal aspect, with a view to expose the apical plug and root canal filling. Analysis of marginal leakage was performed with aid of digitized photographs on the software Image Tool 3.0. Leakage was measured on the most extensive trace of dye leakage at the interface between the apical plug and dentinal wall, from the most apical to the most cervical portions of material. The marginal adaptation of materials employed for fabrication of the apical plug to the dentinal walls was investigated on the same teeth submitted to the 0.2% Rhodamine B leakage test, except for the teeth in Group 1 (L & C paste). For that purpose, the 90 specimens in Groups 2, 3 and 4 were transversely sectioned at 7mm from the apex. These segments were gold-sputtered and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy, with achievement of photomicrographs at 35X and 150X magnifications. For analysis of the marginal adaptation of sealers, the photomicrographs at 35X magnification were analyzed on the software Image Tool 3.0 and the extent of misfit was measured linearly, in micrometers. The results achieved for both leakage and marginal adaptation analyses were tabulated and statistically analyzed by the Kruskal- Wallis and Dunn\'s tests. The results revealed that the sealer MBPc exhibited the lowest values of leakage of 0.2% Rhodamine B, with statistically significant difference compared to the other materials; the sealer CPM - presented the best results as to adaptation to the root canal walls, yet without statistical significance; the three root canal filling techniques employed did not have any influence on the sealing ability or the adaptation of apical plugs.