Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-03-10T21:38:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 LuanaGabrielleDeFrancaFerreira_DISSERT.pdf: 3743895 bytes, checksum: 6586155eff1318ab76c3be9fd110f030 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-03-17T22:48:47Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 LuanaGabrielleDeFrancaFerreira_DISSERT.pdf: 3743895 bytes, checksum: 6586155eff1318ab76c3be9fd110f030 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-03-17T22:48:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 LuanaGabrielleDeFrancaFerreira_DISSERT.pdf: 3743895 bytes, checksum: 6586155eff1318ab76c3be9fd110f030 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-04-10 / Diversos estudos revelam que nas ?ltimas d?cadas ocorreu uma diminui??o na dura??o do sono. Os compromissos sociais, como o trabalho e a escola, muitas vezes n?o est?o alinhados ao ?tempo biol?gico? dos indiv?duos. Somada a isso, observa-se uma menor for?a do zeitgeber causada pela menor exposi??o ? luz durante o dia e maior ? noite. Isso gera um d?bito cr?nico de sono que ? compensado nos dias livres, ocorrendo semanalmente uma restri??o e extens?o do sono denominada de jet lag social. A priva??o de sono vem sendo associada ? obesidade, risco cancer?geno e cardiovascular. Desta-forma, sugere-se que o sistema nervoso auton?mico seja um caminho que relaciona os problemas do sono ?s doen?as cardiovasculares. No entanto, al?m das evid?ncias demonstradas por pesquisas com uso de modelos de priva??o de sono de forma aguda e controlada, s?o necess?rios estudos investigando efeitos da priva??o do sono de forma cr?nica como ocorre no jet lag social. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a influ?ncia do jet lag social em marcadores circadianos de atividade-repouso e card?acos em estudantes do Curso de Medicina. Trata-se de um estudo transversal e observacional realizado no Laborat?rio de Neurobiologia e Ritmicidade Biol?gica (LNRB) do Departamento de Fisiologia da UFRN. Participaram da pesquisa estudantes de medicina matriculados no 1? per?odo do curso da UFRN. Foram utilizados os seguintes instrumentos: Question?rio cronotipo de Munique (MCTQ); Question?rio para identifica??o de indiv?duos matutinos e vespertinos (MEQ ou HO); ?ndice de qualidade do sono de Pittsburgh; Escala de Sonol?ncia de Epworth; Act?metro; Cardiofrequenc?metro. Foram analisadas vari?veis de caracteriza??o do sono, n?o param?tricas (IV60, IS60, L5 e M10) e ?ndices card?acos no dom?nio do tempo, frequ?ncia (LF, HF, LF/HF) e n?o linear (SD1, SD2, SD1/SD2). Realizou-se an?lise estat?stica descritiva, comparativa e de correla??o com uso do programa SPSS vers?o 20. Participaram do estudo 41 estudantes, 48,8% (20) mulheres e 51,2% (21) homens, com 19,63 ? 2,07 anos. O jet lag social teve uma m?dia de 02:39h ? 00:55h, 82,9% (34) com jet lag social ? 1 hora e houve correla??o negativa com escore cronotipo de Munique evidenciando maior priva??o do sono em indiv?duos com tend?ncia ? vespertinidade. Qualidade do sono ruim foi detectada em 90,2% (37) (X 2 = 26,56, p < 0,001) e 56,1% (23) sonol?ncia diurna excessiva (X 2 = 0,61, p = 0,435). Observou-se diferen?a significativa dos valores de LFnu, HFnu e LF/HF entre os grupos de jet lag social < 2h e ? 2h e houve correla??o do jet lag social com LFnu (rs = 0,354, p = 0,023), HFnu (rs = - 0,354, p = 0,023) e LF/HF (rs = 0,355, p = 0,023). Verificou-se ainda associa??o negativa entre IV60 e ?ndices no dom?nio do tempo e n?o lineares. Sugere-se que a priva??o cr?nica de sono pode ter associa??o com maior atividade simp?tica promovendo aumento no risco cardiovascular. / Studies reveal that in recent decades a decrease in sleep duration has occurred. Social commitments, such as work and school are often not aligned to the "biological time" of individuals. Added to this, there is a reduced force of zeitgeber caused by less exposure to daylight and larger exposure to evenings. This causes a chronic sleep debt that is offset in a free days. Indeed, a restriction and extent of sleep called "social Jet lag" occurs weekly. Sleep deprivation has been associated to obesity, cancer, and cardiovascular risk. It is suggested that the autonomic nervous system is a pathway that connects sleep problems to cardiovascular diseases. However, beyond the evidence demonstrated by studies using models of acute and controlled sleep deprivation, studies are needed to investigate the effects of chronic sleep deprivation as it occurs in the social jet lag. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of social jet lag in circadian rest-activity markers and heart function in medical students. It is a cross-sectional, observational study conducted in the Laboratory of Neurobiology and Biological Rhythmicity (LNRB) at the Department of Physiology UFRN. Participated in the survey medical students enrolled in the 1st semester of their course at UFRN. Instruments for data collection: Munich Chronotype Questionnaire, Morningness Eveningness Questionnaire of Horne and ?stberg, Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Actimeter; Heart rate monitor. Analysed were descriptive variables of sleep, nonparametric (IV60, IS60, L5 and M10) and cardiac indexes of time domain, frequency (LF, HF LF / HF) and nonlinear (SD1, SD2, SD1 / SD2). Descriptive, comparative and correlative statistical analysis was performed with SPSS software version 20. 41 students participated in the study, 48.8% (20) females and 51.2% (21) males, 19.63 ? 2.07 years. The social jet lag had an average of 02: 39h ? 00:55h, 82.9% (34) with social jet lag ? 1h and there was a negative correlation with the Munich chronotype score indicating greater sleep deprivation in subjects prone to eveningness. Poor sleep quality was detected in 90.2% (37) (X2 = 26.56, p <0.001) and 56.1% (23) excessive daytime sleepiness (X2 = 0.61, p = 0.435). Significant differences were observed in the values of LFnu, HFnu and LF / HF between the groups of social jet lag <2h and ? 2h and correlation of the social jet lag with LFnu (rs = 0.354, p = 0.023), HFnu (rs = - 0.354 , p = 0.023) and LF / HF (r = 0.355, p = 0.023). There was also a negative association between IV60 and indexes in the time domain and non-linear. It is suggested that chronic sleep deprivation may be associated with increased sympathetic activation promoting greater cardiovascular risk.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-01-13T14:06:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 WeslleyQuirinoAlvesDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 1603586 bytes, checksum: d60bfa6f48767cb660d9a66fd421c135 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-01-26T11:18:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 WeslleyQuirinoAlvesDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 1603586 bytes, checksum: d60bfa6f48767cb660d9a66fd421c135 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-01-26T11:18:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 WeslleyQuirinoAlvesDaSilva_DISSERT.pdf: 1603586 bytes, checksum: d60bfa6f48767cb660d9a66fd421c135 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-30 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior (CAPES) / Introdu??o: A baixa ader?ncia na maior parte da popula??o em programas de atividade f?sica tem sido associada a experi?ncias emocionais de desprazer provocada pela intensidade do exerc?cio f?sico. Estudos te?ricos prop?em o controle inibit?rio como elemento fundamental para a regula??o emocional de prazer durante o exerc?cio executado em diferentes intensidades. No entanto, ainda ? desconhecida a rela??o do controle inibit?rio com as respostas afetivas acerca da intensidade do exerc?cio. Objetivo: Verificar o efeito da intensidade do exerc?cio incremental m?ximo sobre o controle inibit?rio, afeto, controle auton?mico card?aco e oxigena??o do c?rtex pr?-frontal. M?todo: Trinta e sete adultos jovens, sedent?rios, participaram de forma randomizada de duas condi??es experimentais (controle e exerc?cio). Na condi??o exerc?cio, os participantes realizaram um teste incremental m?ximo em cicloerg?metro com concomitante e cont?nua a avalia??o da oxigena??o do CPF, variabilidade da frequ?ncia card?aca (VFV), controle inibit?rio (teste de stroop) e escalas de afeto e pensamento associativo e dissociativo (PAD). Na condi??o controle, os volunt?rios realizaram as mesmas avalia??es da condi??o exerc?cio, mas sem pedalar no cicloerg?metro. O par?metro de refer?ncia dos protocolos experimentais para a intensidade foi determinado pelo limiar ventilat?rio (LV). Foi utilizada a ANOVA two away para medidas repetidas com ajuste de Bonferroni, para comparar as condi??es (controle e exerc?cio) e os momentos (oito intensidades). Em seguida, foi realizada a correla??o de Pearson para verificar as correla??es do sentimento afetivo e controle inibit?rio com PAD, VFC e oxigena??o do CPF. Resultados: (I) a alta intensidade do exerc?cio promoveu decl?nio no controle inibit?rio, sentimento de desprazer, aumento da atividade simp?tica e oxigena??o CPF. (II) o incremento da intensidade promoveu correla??o entre o decl?nio do controle inibit?rio (maior n?mero de erro) com o aumento do PAD (r=0,77) e da oxigena??o CPF (DHb: r=0,87; Hbt: r=0,75). (III) o controle inibit?rio analisado pelo score efficience inverse, foi pior em alta e baixa intensidade quando comparada com seu comportamento na intensidade moderada Conclus?o: Intensidades acima do LV apresenta decl?nio na fun??o inibit?ria e desprazer. O desprazer foi relacionado com aumentos do PAD, da desoxihemoglobina no CPF e da atividade simp?tica. Os nossos resultados suportam que a intensidade do exerc?cio pode influenciar o controle inibit?rio e est? associado aos sentimentos afetivos. / Introduction: Low grip on most of the population in physical activity programs has been linked to emotional experiences of displeasure caused by the intensity of exercise. Theoretical studies suggest inhibitory control as a key element in regulating emotions of pleasure during exercise performed at different intensities. However, it is still unknown the relationship of inhibitory control with affective responses about the intensity of the exercise. Objective: To analyze the effect of the intensity of the maximum incremental exercise on the inhibitory control, affection, autonomic control and oxygenation of the PFC. Method: Thirty-seven young adults, sedentary, participated randomly in two experimental conditions (control and exercise). In the exercise condition, participants performed a maximal incremental test on a cycle ergometer with concurrent and continuous evaluation of oxygenation of the PFC, heart rate variability (HRV), inhibitory control (Stroop test), affection scales and associative/dissociative thinking (ADT). In the control condition, the volunteers performed the same evaluations of the exercise condition, but without pedaling a cycle ergometer. The benchmark of the experimental protocols for the intensity was determined by the ventilatory threshold (VT). ANOVA was used for repeated measures two away with Bonferroni adjustment, to compare the conditions (control and exercise) and times (eight intensities). Then the Pearson correlation was performed to verify the correlations of emotional feeling and inhibitory control with ADT, HRV and oxygenation of the PFC. Results: (I) high intensity exercise promoted decline in inhibitory control, unpleasantness feeling, increased sympathetic activity and cerebral oxygenation. (II) promoted the increase of the intensity correlation between the decline in inhibitory control (highest number of error) with increasing ADT (r=0.77) and cerebral PFC (DHB: r=0.87; HBT: r=0.75). (III) inhibitory control analyzed by the score efficience inverse, was worse in high and low intensity compared to their behavior at moderate intensity. Conclusion: Intensities above the VT provides decline in inhibitory function and displeasure. The displeasure was related to increases in ADT, the deoxyhemoglobin PFC and sympathetic activity. Our results support that the intensity of exercise can influence the inhibitory control and is associated with emotional feelings.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-03-23T18:22:53Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RosaneCostaGomes_TESE.pdf: 1812437 bytes, checksum: ed42ad498540393ee732944b2914bdfa (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Monica Paiva (monicalpaiva@hotmail.com) on 2017-03-23T18:30:08Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RosaneCostaGomes_TESE.pdf: 1812437 bytes, checksum: ed42ad498540393ee732944b2914bdfa (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-23T18:30:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RosaneCostaGomes_TESE.pdf: 1812437 bytes, checksum: ed42ad498540393ee732944b2914bdfa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-02-10 / Funda??o de Apoio ? Pesquisa no Estado do Rio Grande do Norte (FAPERN) / Analisaram-se a ocorr?ncia de sintomas gastrointestinais e extraintestinais em crian?as e adolescentes com diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1) e com s?ndrome de Down (SD), sua associa??o a marcadores sorol?gicos e altera??es histopatol?gicas da doen?a cel?aca (DC), representando suas formas cl?nicas no iceberg cel?aco. Realizou-se estudo de corte transversal no per?odo de novembro/2009 a dezembro/2012, em unidade ambulatorial pedi?trica de hospital da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), que incluiu DM1=111 e SD=77 pacientes. Coletaram-se dados cl?nico-demogr?ficos. Anticorpos IgA antiendom?sio (EmA) e anti-transglutaminase tecidual (anti-tTG) e IgA s?rica foram determinados, assim como anti-tTG/IgG, quando a IgA s?rica foi baixa. Pacientes com anticorpos positivos foram submetidos ? bi?psia de intestino delgado (BID). Classificaram-se as formas da DC segundo crit?rios ESPGHAN-2012 e representadas no iceberg cel?aco. Aplicaram-se os testes qui-quadradode Pearson, Fisher, ?t? de Student e Mann-Witney, com ?p? significante ? 5. Sintomas gastrointestinais ocorreram em 53,7%, extraintestinais em 4,3% e anticorpos foram positivos em 28,2%(n=53). Houve associa??o dos anticorpos com sintomas gastrointestinais, mas n?o com altera??es histopatol?gicas da DC. Dos que realizaram BID (n=40), os achados foram compat?veis com DC em 37,5%, sendo DM1=05/111(4,5%) e SD=10/77(12,9%). Identificaram-se as formas cl?nicas: gastrointestinal (32,5%), silenciosa (5,0%) e potencial (62,5%). A alta ocorr?ncia de sintomas gastrointestinais e sua associa??o a marcadores sugeriu poss?vel influ?ncia destes na sele??o de pacientes com marcadores positivos. No entanto, a falta de associa??o com achados histopatol?gicos da DC revelou a inconsist?ncia dos sintomas para o reconhecimento da doen?a. Apesar da predomin?ncia da forma gastrointestinal nos casos de DC ativa, sua contribui??o no iceberg cel?aco foi menor do que a forma potencial, que determinou sobremaneira a base larga e submersa do iceberg cel?aco nos grupos de risco estudados. / Analisaram-se a ocorr?ncia de sintomas gastrointestinais e extraintestinais em crian?as e adolescentes com diabetes mellitus tipo 1 (DM1) e com s?ndrome de Down (SD), sua associa??o a marcadores sorol?gicos e altera??es histopatol?gicas da doen?a cel?aca (DC), representando suas formas cl?nicas no iceberg cel?aco. Realizou-se estudo de corte transversal no per?odo de novembro/2009 a dezembro/2012, em unidade ambulatorial pedi?trica de hospital da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte (UFRN), que incluiu DM1=111 e SD=77 pacientes. Coletaram-se dados cl?nico-demogr?ficos. Anticorpos IgA antiendom?sio (EmA) e anti-transglutaminase tecidual (anti-tTG) e IgA s?rica foram determinados, assim como anti-tTG/IgG, quando a IgA s?rica foi baixa. Pacientes com anticorpos positivos foram submetidos ? bi?psia de intestino delgado (BID). Classificaram-se as formas da DC segundo crit?rios ESPGHAN-2012 e representadas no iceberg cel?aco. Aplicaram-se os testes qui-quadradode Pearson, Fisher, ?t? de Student e Mann-Witney, com ?p? significante ? 5. Sintomas gastrointestinais ocorreram em 53,7%, extraintestinais em 4,3% e anticorpos foram positivos em 28,2%(n=53). Houve associa??o dos anticorpos com sintomas gastrointestinais, mas n?o com altera??es histopatol?gicas da DC. Dos que realizaram BID (n=40), os achados foram compat?veis com DC em 37,5%, sendo DM1=05/111(4,5%) e SD=10/77(12,9%). Identificaram-se as formas cl?nicas: gastrointestinal (32,5%), silenciosa (5,0%) e potencial (62,5%). A alta ocorr?ncia de sintomas gastrointestinais e sua associa??o a marcadores sugeriu poss?vel influ?ncia destes na sele??o de pacientes com marcadores positivos. No entanto, a falta de associa??o com achados histopatol?gicos da DC revelou a inconsist?ncia dos sintomas para o reconhecimento da doen?a. Apesar da predomin?ncia da forma gastrointestinal nos casos de DC ativa, sua contribui??o no iceberg cel?aco foi menor do que a forma potencial, que determinou sobremaneira a base larga e submersa do iceberg cel?aco nos grupos de risco estudados.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2017-10-04T22:45:45Z No. of bitstreams: 1 DaviFialhoSilvaLima_DISSERT.pdf: 7992805 bytes, checksum: c9ae57ed3d2a37526fb2c44c2d463bfd (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2017-10-14T00:07:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 DaviFialhoSilvaLima_DISSERT.pdf: 7992805 bytes, checksum: c9ae57ed3d2a37526fb2c44c2d463bfd (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-14T00:07:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 DaviFialhoSilvaLima_DISSERT.pdf: 7992805 bytes, checksum: c9ae57ed3d2a37526fb2c44c2d463bfd (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-06-19 / Introdu??o: A capacidade funcional ? prejudicada pela obesidade e pode ser avaliada por testes f?sicos que examinam a a??o sincronizada dos sistemas cardiovascular, respirat?rio e musculoesquel?tico. O comportamento cardiovascular e respirat?rio, medido por FC (frequ?ncia card?aca) e cin?tica de oxig?nio, por exemplo, no per?odo de recupera??o do exerc?cio tem mostrado ser um bom indicador de sa?de cardiovascular, reestabelecimento de reservas energ?ticas e equil?brio auton?mico em saud?veis e cardiopatas. Entretanto, n?o se conhece o comportamento da cin?tica de oxig?nio e da FCR (FC de recupera??o) em obesos sem doen?a card?aca diagnosticada. Objetivo: Analisar o comportamento da cin?tica de oxig?nio e FCR e ap?s teste de esfor?o cardiopulmonar em obesas. Materiais e M?todos: Estudo observacional, transversal com 32 volunt?rias, analisadas no teste de esfor?o cardiopulmonar (TECP), alocadas por conveni?ncia nos grupos obesidade (GO, N=16) e n?o obesas (GNOB, N=16). Realizadas avalia??es cl?nica, antropom?trica e de adiposidade e espirom?trica inicial. O TECP cl?nico padr?o foi realizado usando protocolo de rampa individualizado, sendo tomadas as medidas ventilat?rias e metab?licas (breath-?by-?breath), com registro das vari?veis de interesse no repouso (2?) e 5? iniciais de recupera??o (3 minutos-?recupera??o ativa, 2 minutos-?recupera??o passiva). A cin?tica de recupera??o foi calculada por modelo de regress?o linear da curva de decl?nio do VO2 durante o primeiro minuto de recupera??o em fun??o do tempo (T? e VO2/t) e a frequ?ncia FCR obtida pela diferen?a da FC no pico do teste e a FC no primeiro minuto de recupera??o. Resultados: os grupos foram homog?neos quanto ? idade, altura e medidas espirom?tricas. Diferen?as significativas foram encontradas na FCR (p=0,041) e VO2pico (p<0,001) entre os grupos. A cin?tica do VO2 apresentou diferen?a significativa no T? de VO2 (p=0,003) e VO2/t (p=0,041). Observou-?se que o VO2pico (0,59), IMC (-?0,16) e CQ (0,18) justificam a vari?ncia do VO2/t em 72%. Foi atestada uma colinearidade negativa entre as medidas de adiposidade de CQ e IMC. Conclus?o: Obesos jovens t?m respostas lentificadas da cin?tica de recupera??o do VO2 e FC em rela??o a n?o obesas, sugerindo que obesos t?m preju?zo na restaura??o dos estoques energ?ticos ou circulat?rios no m?sculos perif?ricos e disfun??o auton?mica, e que tais altera??es podem contribuir para a instala??o de doen?as cardiovasculares e o aumento da taxa de morbi-?mortalidade nesta popula??o. / Introduction: Functional capacity is impaired by obesity and can be assessed by physical tests that examine a synchronized action of the cardiovascular, respiratory and musculoskeletal systems. Cardiovascular and respiratory behavior, measured by HR (heart rate) and oxygen kinetics, for example, during the period of exercise recovery has been considered as indicator of cardiovascular health, reestablishment of energy reserves and autonomic balance in healthy and patients with heart disease. However, the behavior of oxygen kinetics and HRR (recovery HR) in obese patients without diagnosed heart disease is not known. Aim: To analyze the pattern of oxygen kinetics and HRR after cardiopulmonary exercise test in obese women. Materials and Methods: a cross-?sectional study with 32 volunteer women, analyzed in the cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPX), allocated for convenience into obesity (GO, N=16) and non-?obese (GNO, N=16) group. We performed a clinical, anthropometric and adiposity and spirometry evaluation. The standard clinical CPX was assessed, (individualized ramp protocol), being done as ventilatory and metabolic measures (breath-?by-?breath), with a recording of interest variables at the rest (2?) and 5 initial (3' active recovery, 2'passive recovery). Oxygen kinetic after exercise was calculated by linear regression model of the decline slope of VO2 over time during the first minute of recovery (T?, VO2/t), and the HRR obtained by the difference between HR at the peak of the test and the HR at the first minute of recovery. Results: groups were homogeneous regarding age, height and spirometric measurements. Significant differences were found in the HRR (p=0,041) and VO2peak (p<0,001) between the groups. The oxygen kinetics presented a significant difference in the T? of VO2 (p=0,003) and VO2/t (p=0,041). It was observed that VO2peak (0,59), BMI (-?0,16) and HC (0,18) justified the variance of VO2/t in 72%. A negative colinearity between the HC and BMI adiposity measures was attested. Conclusion: young obese has delayed response of VO2 recovery kinetics and HRR regards no obese it suggests that obese has circulatory or reestablishment of energy reserves impairment on peripheral muscles and autonomic dysfunction, and it?s may contribute to the establishment of cardiovascular diseases, and increased morbidity and mortality rate in this population.

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Submitted by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-04-17T20:22:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 CaioVictordeSousaSilvaDissertacao2016.pdf: 5579388 bytes, checksum: d00ac932cc6cb4518d5d39415db47d6f (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Sara Ribeiro (sara.ribeiro@ucb.br) on 2017-04-17T20:22:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 CaioVictordeSousaSilvaDissertacao2016.pdf: 5579388 bytes, checksum: d00ac932cc6cb4518d5d39415db47d6f (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-17T20:22:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 CaioVictordeSousaSilvaDissertacao2016.pdf: 5579388 bytes, checksum: d00ac932cc6cb4518d5d39415db47d6f (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-29 / The validity of the double product (DP) response to estimate the anaerobic threshold (AT), an alternative and less costly method has not been tested in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Therefore, the objective of this study is test the reliability of AT identification by the double product breakpoint (DPBP) in T2D. Nine subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D = 9) and ten non-diabetic (ND = 10) underwent an incremental test on a cycle ergometer. Heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP) and exhaled gases were measured at the end of each stage. The ventilatory threshold (VT), lactate threshold (LT) and DPBP were considered an exercise intensity below which a disproportional increase of ventilation, [LAC] and DP, respectively, was observed in relation to linear increase in workload. No differences were identified between the workload, HR, and oxygen consumption (VO2) corresponding to the AT identified by VT, LT and DPBP. Further, for the T2D group was identified a high and significant level of reliability between DPBP and VT for workload (ICC = 0.84), FC (ICC = 0.71) and VO2 (ICC = 0.83) and between DPBP and LT for workload (ICC = 0.79) and FC (ICC = 0.82). Similar reliability was identified for the ND group between DPBP and VT for workload (ICC = 0.92), HR (ICC = 0.88) and VO2 (ICC = 0.84) and between DPBP and LT for workload (ICC = 0.70). It concludes that the DPBP is reliable to estimate the AT and it is highly associated with VT and LT in T2D and ND individuals. / A validade da resposta do duplo produto (DP) para estimar o limiar anaer??bio (LAn), um m??todo alternativo e menos oneroso, ainda n??o foi testado em indiv??duos com diabetes tipo 2 (DM2). Portanto, o objetivo deste estudo ?? verificar se ?? poss??vel identificar o LAn pelo ponto de inflex??o do duplo produto (DPBP) em indiv??duos DM2. Nove sujeitos com DM2 (DM2 = 9) e dez n??o diab??ticos (ND = 10) foram submetidos a um teste incremental em cicloerg??metro. Frequ??ncia card??aca (FC), press??o arterial (PA) e gases expirados foram mensurados ao final de cada est??gio. O limiar ventilat??rio (LV), limiar de lactato (LL) e o DPBP foram considerados a intensidade do exerc??cio abaixo a um aumento desproporcional da ventila????o, [LAC] e DP, respectivamente, s??o observados em rela????o ao aumento linear da carga de trabalho. N??o foram identificadas diferen??as entre a carga de trabalho, FC, e consumo de oxig??nio (VO2) correspondente ao LAn identificado pelo LV, LL e DPBP. Al??m disso, para o grupo DM2 foi identificado um alto e significante n??vel de confiabilidade entre DPBP e LV para carga de trabalho (ICC = 0,84), FC (ICC = 0,71) e VO2 (ICC = 0,83) e entre o DPBP e LL para carga de trabalho (ICC = 0,79) e FC (ICC = 0,82). Confiabilidade semelhante foi identificado para o grupo ND entre DPBP e LV para carga de trabalho (ICC = 0,92), FC (ICC = 0,88) e VO2 (ICC = 0,84) e entre o DPBP e LL para carga de trabalho (ICC = 0,70). Conclui-se que o DPBP permitiu a predi????o do LAn, devido ao alto n??vel de confiabilidade com os m??todos tradicionais, LV e LL.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-10-16T18:04:12Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Julia Dias Villas Boas.pdf: 1436604 bytes, checksum: 75141877c9539bce3fead0d670b18aa7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-10-16T18:04:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2013 - Julia Dias Villas Boas.pdf: 1436604 bytes, checksum: 75141877c9539bce3fead0d670b18aa7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-01-22 / CAPES / Acupuncture is an ancient technique of Chinese traditional medicine used in the treatment and prevention of diseases, and aims to help the body return to its balance state, by inserting metal needles at specific points in the skin. Under stress conditions, the body acts through the activation and deactivation mechanisms to restore and maintain homeostasis. The repeated exposure or the prolonged and exaggerated reaction to stress are associated with the onset of various diseases. Thus, it is essential to use strategies that can prevent or minimize the deleterious effects of stress. The heart rate variability (HRV) and the increased serum cortisol respectively reflect the activity of the autonomic nervous system and the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) systems that are activated acutely in stress situations. The present study aimed to standardize an experimental model of acute stress specific to startle horses and evaluate if acupuncture can alter the stress response through the use of stress models (test start and reprise dressage).The present study aimed to evaluate if acupuncture in Dressage horses can alter the stress responses through the use of a laboratory startle test model (sudden umbrella opening) and a test the field: the dressage. In experiment 1, horses previously divided into groups: G1: control, G2: Acupuncture in non-points; G3: Acupuncture points GV1, H7, GV20 and B52 were tested for startle (an abrupt umbrella opening) and analyzed the HRV (through the use of Polar heart rate monitors heart Equine ?), the serum cortisol and the behavior through the reactivity test. In experiment 2, performance in dressage, serum cortisol and HRV were evaluated in horses previously undergone acupuncture points GV1, H7, GV20 and B52. The startle test caused a significant increase of LF/HF that reflects the increased of balance sympathetic in relation to the parasympathetic and a significant behavioral response, without increase cortisol levels. The acupuncture reduced LF/HF ratio at the activation parasympathetic time and cortisol levels 30 minutes after the stress without changing the reactivity response. The treatment in no points had no effect on the studied parameters. The dressage promoted increased levels of cortisol after 30 minutes. Acupuncture significantly reduced the LF/HF ratio, however it had no effect on cortisol levels and the performance evaluated by the judges and riders. The data analysis shows that the models used were effective in the study of stress responses in horses and may be used in further studies to evaluate strategies anti-stress. Furthermore, we conclude that acupuncture can be considered in beneficial in reducing stress levels in athletic horses, mainly due to its potentiating action of the vagal system. / A Acupuntura ? uma t?cnica milenar da Medicina Tradicional Chinesa utilizada no tratamento e preven??es de doen?as, que tem como objetivo auxiliar o corpo retornar ao seu estado de equil?brio, atrav?s da inser??o de agulhas de metal em pontos espec?ficos da pele. Nas condi??es de estresse, o organismo age por meio da ativa??o e desativa??o de mecanismo de controle de v?rias fun??es para recuperar e manter a homeostase. A exposi??o repetida ou a rea??o exagerada e prolongada a situa??es de estresse est?o associadas ao aparecimento de diversas doen?as. Desta forma, ? fundamental o uso de estrat?gias que possam prevenir ou minimizar os efeitos delet?rios do estresse. A variabilidade da frequ?ncia card?aca (VFC) e o aumento do cortisol s?rico s?o medidas que refletem respectivamente a atividade Sistema Nervoso Aut?nomo e do eixo hipot?lamo-hip?fise-adrenal (HHA), que s?o sistemas ativados agudamente em situa??es de estresse. O presente estudo teve como objetivo padronizar um modelo experimental de estresse agudo de sobressalto espec?fico para equinos e avaliar se acupuntura pode alterar as respostas de estresse, atrav?s da utiliza??o de modelos de estresse (teste do sobressalto e reprise de adestramento). No experimento 1, equinos previamente divididos em grupos: G1: Controle, G2: Acupuntura em n?o-pontos; G3: Acupuntura nos pontos VG1, C7, VG20 e B52 foram submetidos ao teste de sobressalto (abertura abrupta de um guarda-chuva) e analisados a VFC (atrav?s do uso do frequencimetro card?aco Polar Equine?), o cortisol s?rico e o comportamento atrav?s do teste de reatividade. No experimento 2, a performance na reprise de adestramento, o cortisol s?rico e a VFC foram avaliadas em cavalos submetidos previamente a acupuntura nos pontos VG1, C7, VG20 e B52. O teste de sobressalto promoveu aumento significativo da raz?o LF/HF medida que reflete aumento do balan?o simp?tico em rela??o ao parassimp?tico e uma significativa resposta comportamental, embora n?o tenha significativamente aumentado os n?veis de cortisol. A acupuntura reduziu a raz?o LF/HF no momento de ativa??o parassimp?tica e os n?veis de cortisol 30 minutos ap?s o estresse sem alterar a resposta de reatividade. O tratamento em n?o pontos n?o apresentou nenhum efeito sobre os par?metros estudados. A reprise de adestramento promoveu aumento dos n?veis de cortisol ap?s 30 minutos. Acupuntura reduziu significativamente a raz?o LF/HF, no entanto, n?o teve efeito sobre os n?veis de cortisol e sobre o desempenho avaliado pelos ju?zes e cavaleiros. A an?lise dos dados demonstram que os modelos utilizados foram eficazes para o estudo das respostas de estresse em equinos e podem ser utilizados em estudos futuros para avaliar estrat?gias anti-estresse. Al?m disso, podemos concluir que a acupuntura pode ser considerada ben?fica na redu??o dos n?veis de estresse em cavalos atletas, devido principalmente sua a??o de potencializador do sistema vagal.

Popular culture scholar Henry Jenkins chronicles the intellectual and emotional labor of being an “aca/fan” – or an academic, trained in media criticism, who also operates as a media consumer. This panel explores aca/fan identity through Joss Whedon’s media narratives, such as The Avengers, Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Cabin In the Woods, Dollhouse, Dr. Horrible’s Sing Along Blog and Fire

The Catholic Church tenets are in dissonance with American Counseling Association (ACA) ethical guidelines regarding same-sex sexual orientation. While homosexuality was removed from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual II as a disorder, the Catholic Church upholds same-sex sexual acts as grave depravity and disordered. Catholic counselors may face the dilemma of adhering to their religious tenets or their professional guidelines in working with gay men and lesbian women clients. Previous research has indicated that values conflicts between religious beliefs and ACA Ethical Codes on same-sex sexual orientation have resulted in legal issues due to counselors refusing therapeutic relationships or providing substandard therapy to gay men and lesbian women clients. An extensive literature review revealed no studies that exclusively focused on the disconnect between the Catholic Church's tenets and the ACA Ethical Codes. The purpose of this phenomenological study was to explore the experience of values conflicts of Catholic counselors while working with gay men and lesbian women clients. Interpretative phenomenological analysis guided the analysis of data collected from interviews with 9 Catholic counselor participants. Six major themes emerged from the analysis: challenges, comfortable, identification with Catholic faith, personal view of Catholic position, referral, and multicultural training. The study provides insight to counselor educators and supervisors in improving multicultural competence of counselors and students. The study is an important contribution to the existing literature and would enhance social change initiatives through support and acceptance of gay men and lesbian women, which the counseling profession advocates.

Many space probes have conducted in situ explorations of asteroids, in recent decades, intent on identifying evidence of the solar system's earliest processes of formation within the asteroids' interiors. Several future asteroid missions are planned, among which include ESA's Hera mission to explore the Didymos binary asteroid pair. An ion mass analyzer is currently being designed at the Swedish Institute of Space Physics for use as part of the Hera mission. This thesis aims to optimize the instrument such that each of its parameters meets the requirement for performance. A computer simulation is used to calculate the trajectories of low-energy ions inside the instrument, where the electrostatic potential are imposed by grids and electrodes embedded inside the instrument. From the data analysis of the simulation results, the performance for each parameter can be derived. By changing the settings of the grids and electrodes (e.g., positions and voltages), the instrument parameters are to be optimized. Two tasks are set up in this project--- the first task is to optimize the focusing system of the incoming ions at the instrument's entrance, and the second task is to investigate the reflectron system so that the mass resolution of the instrument can be optimized via reducing the spread of the ions' time of flight spectra. The focusing system is found to already be optimized, but instead, a relation between its position of the grid at the instrument's entrance and the instrument's performance is derived. The method of and parameters for optimization within the reflectron are extensively tested individually during this project. Although several performances in each trial from the reflectron analysis cannot meet at least one of the requirements, enough scenarios are examined such that every parameter tested ends with a value suitable to be applied individually to optimize the ion mass analyzer. The findings from the individual tests done in this project can be applied to further optimization, particularly to optimize multiple parameters simultaneously in the near future.