Submitted by (edna.saturno@ufrpe.br) on 2016-06-29T14:18:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Micheline Kezia Cordeiro de Araujo.pdf: 597014 bytes, checksum: cbc04cbe646fd01acabd409d39e9b8a1 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-29T14:18:35Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Micheline Kezia Cordeiro de Araujo.pdf: 597014 bytes, checksum: cbc04cbe646fd01acabd409d39e9b8a1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-02-13 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / Evidence of a circadian rhythm in the biosynthesis of microcystins (MC) in Microcystis panniformis Komarek et al. posed a question on how this toxin is released into the environment, since there were no cell lysis to explain the variations of intracellular microcystins. The aims of this study were the investigation of possible variations of intracellular and extracellular microcystins during cycles of 24 hours in M. aeruginosa (Kützing) Kützing, the influence of population density in the concentrations of intracellular and extracellular microcystins and if the release of microcystins in batch-like cultivation happens in an active way. The experiments were performed in triplicate, under controlled laboratory conditions in two independent 24h cycles, light:dark and light:light (12:12h) during the exponential growing phase. It was also analyzed a light:dark cycle during the stationary growing phase under the same conditions. Samples collected in 2 hours intervals were centrifuged and the concentrations of intracellular MC per cell-quota (MCI) and extracellular MC per equivalent cell-quota (MCE), using respectively, pellet and supernatant, were obtained using the ELISA method. The MCI exhibited an endogenous rhythm controlled by time in a period of 24 hours with similar patterns between light:dark and light:light cycles in exponential and stationary growing phases. The MCI in the stationary growing phase were higher than in the exponential growing phase, reaching approximately 4.7 times and 4.9 times higher in the 10 and 14 hours, respectively. The oscillations of MCE were similar in both light:dark cycles of exponential and stationary growing phases. Based on these findings, we came to the conclusion that the release of MCI to the extracellular medium is actively controlled by an endogenous rhythm. The population density is directly related to the MCI increasing, which could be related to a communication similar to “quorum sensing”. / A comprovação de um ritmo circadiano na biossíntese de microcistinas (MC) em Microcystis panniformis Komárek et al. levantou a suspeita quanto à forma de liberação desta toxina no meio circundante, visto que não foram observadas lises celulares que explicassem as variações de microcistinas intracelulares. Os objetivos deste estudo foram investigar as possíveis variações de microcistinas intra e extracelulares durante ciclos de 24 horas em M. aeruginosa, a influência da densidade populacional nas concentrações de microcistinas intra e extracelulares e, se a liberação de microcistinas em cultivos do tipo “batch” ocorre de maneira ativa. Os experimentos foram realizados em tréplicas, sob condições controladas de laboratório, em dois ciclos de 24h independentes: claro:escuro e claro:claro (12:12h) durante a fase exponencial de crescimento. Também foi analisado um ciclo claro:escuro durante a fase estacionária nas mesmas condições. Amostras coletadas a cada 2 horas foram centrifugadas e as concentrações de MC intracelulares por quota celular (MCI) e extracelulares por quota celular equivalente (MCE), utilizando respectivamente, “pellet” e sobrenadante foram obtidas através do método ELISA. As MCI exibiram um ritmo endógeno controlado em função do tempo em um período de 24 horas com padrões similares entre os ciclos claro:escuro e claro:claro nas fases exponencial e estacionária de crescimento. As MCI na fase estacionária foram mais elevadas que na exponencial, chegando cerca de 4,7 e 4,9 vezes maiores nos horários das 10 e 14 horas, respectivamente. As oscilações das MCE foram semelhantes nos ciclos claro:escuro de ambas as fases exponencial e estacionária. Baseado nos resultados encontrados, a liberação das MCI para o meio extracelular ocorre de forma ativa controlada por um ritmo endógeno. A densidade populacional está diretamente relacionada ao aumento das MCI que pode estar relacionada a uma comunicação semelhante a “quorum sensing”.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES / Infections caused by Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa multiresistant are responsible for high morbidity and mortality, failure of drug therapy, increased hospital stay and consequently the financial impact on the health system. However, while the occurrence of these bacteria to configure a public health problem, numerous studies reveal that it is scarce information about the resistance genes present in multi-drug resistant bacteria. This reality associated with the negative impact of these on society, justifies the importance of detecting the resistance genes of A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa multiresistant and clinically characterize patients from a public hospital in Sergipe. It is an analytical prospective cohort study and a quantitative approach. The collection of clinical data of patients was carried out through a specifically designed form. Strains of A. baumannii were subjected to PCR for identification of resistance genes (blaIMP, blaVIM, blaSIM, bla OXA-51, blaOXA-58, blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-24) and P. aeruginosa the blaSPM genes, blaVIM, blaIMP, blaKPC. Descriptive analyzes were performed, the Chi-square and Fisher exact tests, with 5% significance level. The software used was R version 3.1.2. The sample consisted of 119 patients. Of the 43 patients with P. aeruginosa isolates, 33 were male (76.7%) with mean age of 46.2 years. Twenty-eight were admitted to the ICU (65.1%) and 13 (30.2%) diagnosed with head trauma (TBI). Of the 76 patients with isolates of A. baumannii, 59 (77.6%) were male, mean age of 44.4 years. Fifty patients (65.8%) were from the ICU and 18 (23.7%) diagnosed with TBI. The median number of days of hospitalization was statistically significant between bacteria. Among the isolation sites, there is urine to P. aeruginosa, with 16 samples (37.2%) and tracheal aspirate for A. baumannii with 32 (42.1%) strains. A urinary catheter was the most used device in patients with isolates of A. baumannii (93.4% - 71) and the central venous catheter in patients with P. aeruginosa (93% - 40). All patients with P. aeruginosa isolates made use of carbapenems and 98.6% (75) of A. baumannii. It found statistically significant differences between bacteria in the use of aminoglycosides, 3rd generation cephalosporins and tigecycline. In P. aeruginosa was no significant difference in the use of oxacillin and cephalosporins of 1st and 3rd generations and polymyxin in the various sectors of the hospital. All the samples of A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa were susceptible to colistin, ranging between MIC <= 0.5 and 2. The majority (55.8% - 24) patients with P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii (52.6% - 40) died. Among the 76 strains of A. baumannii, 56 (73.6%) had concomitant both blaOXA-51 and blaOXA-23 genes. Among the 43 strains of P. aeruginosa, 28 (65.1%) had the blaSPM gene. It was concluded that the A.baumannii was more frequent than P. aeruginosa. There was a significant predominance of Pseudomonas and Acinetobacter in the urine in tracheal aspirates. Carbapenems was widely used throughout the hospital stay of patients with Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas isolates in different hospital departments. Most Pseudomonas strains showed blaSPM resistance gene and Acinetobacter blaOXA-23 genes and blaOXA-51 concurrently. The mortality of patients with Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas was greater than 50%. / As infecções causadas por Acinetobacter baumannii e Pseudomonas aeruginosa multirresistentes são responsáveis pela alta morbidade e mortalidade, falência da terapia medicamentosa, aumento do período de internação e consequentemente impacto financeiro no sistema de saúde. Todavia, embora a ocorrência destas bactérias se configure um problema de saúde pública, inúmeros estudos revelam que é escasso o conhecimento acerca dos genes de resistência presentes nas bactérias multirresistentes. Essa realidade associada ao impacto negativo destas na sociedade, justifica a importância de detectar os genes de resistência de A. baumannii e P. aeruginosa multirresistentes e caracterizar clinicamente os pacientes de um hospital público de Sergipe. Trata-se de um estudo analítico de coorte prospectiva e abordagem quantitativa. A coleta dos dados clínicos dos pacientes foi realizada através de um formulário especificamente elaborado. As cepas de A. baumannii foram submetidas à técnica PCR para identificação dos genes de resistência (blaIMP, blaVIM, blaSIM, bla OXA-51, blaOXA-58, blaOXA-23 e blaOXA-24) e em P. aeruginosa os genes blaSPM, blaVIM, blaIMP, blaKPC. Foram realizadas análises descritivas, os testes de Qui-Quadrado e Exato de Fisher, com nível de significância de 5%. O software utilizado foi o R versão 3.1.2. A amostra foi constituída de 119 pacientes. Dos 43 pacientes com isolados de P.aeruginosa, 33 eram do sexo masculino (76,7%), com idade média de 46,2 anos. Vinte e oito estavam internados na UTI (65,1%) e 13 (30,2%) com diagnóstico de trauma crânio encefálico (TCE). Dos 76 pacientes com isolados de A. baumannii, 59 (77,6%) era do sexo masculino, média de idade de 44,4 anos. Cinquenta pacientes (65,8%) eram procedentes da UTI e 18 (23,7%) com diagnóstico de TCE. A mediana de dias de internamento foi estatisticamente significante entre as bactérias. Dentre os sítios de isolamento, destaca-se a urina para P. aeruginosa, com 16 amostras (37,2%) e o aspirado traqueal para A. baumannii com 32 (42,1%) cepas. A sonda vesical foi o dispositivo mais usado nos pacientes com isolados de A. baumannii (93,4% - 71) e o cateter venoso central nos pacientes com P. aeruginosa (93% - 40). Todos os pacientes com isolados de P.aeruginosa fizeram uso dos carbapenêmicos e 98,6% (75) dos A. baumannii. Foi encontrado diferença estatisticamente significante entre as bactérias quanto ao uso dos aminoglicosídeos, cefalosporinas de 3ª geração e tigeciclina. Em P. aeruginosa houve diferença significativa no uso da oxacilina e cefalosporinas de 1ª e 3ª gerações e polimixina nos diversos setores do hospital. Todos as amostras de A. baumannii e P. aeruginosa apresentaram sensibilidade à colistina, com variação da MIC entre < = 0,5 e 2. A maioria (55,8% - 24) dos pacientes com P. aeruginosa e A. baumannii (52,6% - 40) foram a óbito. Dentre as 76 cepas de A. baumannii, 56 (73,6%) apresentaram concomitantemente os dois genes blaOXA-51 e blaOXA-23. Dentre as 43 cepas de P. aeruginosa, 28 (65,1%) apresentaram o gene blaSPM. Concluiu-se que o A.baumannii foi mais frequente do que a P.aeruginosa. Houve predomínio significante da Pseudomonas na urina e do Acinetobacter na secreção traqueal. Os carbapenêmicos foi amplamente utilizado ao longo da internação dos pacientes com isolados de Acinetobacter e Pseudomonas nos diversos setores do hospital. A maioria das cepas de Pseudomonas apresentaram gene de resistência blaSPM e Acinetobacter os genes blaOXA-23 e blaOXA-51 concomitantemente. A mortalidade dos pacientes com Acinetobacter e Pseudomonas foi superior a 50%.

Submitted by Mario BC (mario@bc.ufrpe.br) on 2017-10-10T12:30:55Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Eduardo de Jesus Fragozo Velasquez.pdf: 3149451 bytes, checksum: 4017d74b21a897c541b75d8d7a58ac50 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-10T12:30:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Eduardo de Jesus Fragozo Velasquez.pdf: 3149451 bytes, checksum: 4017d74b21a897c541b75d8d7a58ac50 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-20 / The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of L-carnitine (LC) on the performance and histology of juvenile liver of Nile tilapia subjected to repeated doses of microcystins (MCs). To this end, lyophilized cells of cyanobacteria (CIAN) Microcystis aeruginosa strain NPJL-4 were included (3.3%) in diets without L-carnitine (CIAN), 1 g Lcarnitine kg-1 (CIAN+LC-1), 2 g of L-carnitine kg-1 (CIAN+LC-2) and without CIAN and LC (CONT). Juvenile Nile tilapia (± 4.8 g initial weight) were distributed in 60L tanks (20 fish / aquarium). The diets were fed for 28 days in three meals a rate of 5% of the biomass so as to provide 1.2 ug MC-LR, g-1/fish/day. On days 0, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 samples of liver were collected for histological analysis. The survival and growth performance were not affected (p>0.05) by treatments. The foremost liver injury induced by MC intake was disorganization and necrosis of hepatocytes and pancreatic megalocytosis clutter. We could not find any significant protective effect of L-carnitine in Nile tilapia eating MCs repeatedly. The species showed high resistance to continuous intake of microcystins for 28 days. / No presente estudo foi avaliado o efeito da adição da L-carnitina (LC) sobre o desempenho e histologia do fígado de juvenis de tilápia do Nilo submetidos a repetidas doses de microcistina (MCs). Para isso, células liofilizadas de cianobactérias (CIAN) Microcystis aeruginosa NPJL4 foram incluídas (0,3%) em dietas sem L-carnitina (CIAN), com 1 g de L-carnitina kg-1 (CIAN+LC-1), 2 g de L-carnitina kg-1 (CIAN+LC-2) e sem CIAN e LC (CONT). Juvenis de tilápia do Nilo (±4,8 g de peso inicial) foram distribuídos em aquários de 60L (20 peixes/aquário). As dietas foram fornecidas durante 28 dias em três refeições diárias a taxa de 5% da biomassa de modo a fornecer 1,2 μg de microcistinas g-1 de peixe/dia. Nos dias 0, 3, 7, 14, 21 e 28 os fígados foram coletados para análises histológicas. A sobrevivência e o desempenho zootécnico não foram influenciados (p>0,05) pelos tratamentos. As principais lesões hepáticas induzidas pela ingestão de MCs foi a perda da coesão celular e necrose de hepatócitos, megalocitose e a perda da coesão celular pancreática. Não foi possível verificar nenhum efeito protetor significativo da L-carnitina em tilápias do Nilo ingerindo MCs repetidamente. A espécie demonstrou alta resistência a ingestão contínua de microcistinas por 28 dias.

Submitted by MARCIA ROVADOSCHI (marciar@unifra.br) on 2018-08-16T20:20:00Z No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_AnaJuliaFigueiroDalcin.pdf: 1880693 bytes, checksum: 994407ff94e18668a6d303e7d72b7fd6 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-16T20:20:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Dissertacao_AnaJuliaFigueiroDalcin.pdf: 1880693 bytes, checksum: 994407ff94e18668a6d303e7d72b7fd6 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-08-28 / Nosocomial infections associated with biofilm formation in urinary catheters are among the leading causes of complications due to high antimicrobial resistance. An alternative is Dihydromyricetin (DHM), a flavonoid compound extracted mainly from grossedentata Ampelopsis plant, a vine of southern China, where you been widely used as a kind of healthy tea by the population. DHM has demonstrated different pharmacological properties. Among them stands out strong antimicrobial activity to various microorganisms.Therefore, the DHM has low lipid solubility consequently low biodisponibility. The nanoencapsulation can contribute to the improvement of the characteristics of drugs, as increased apparent solubility, protection against toxicity, increased drug activity and stability, sustained release and protection from degradation have been reported. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of DHM encapsulation and evaluate the influence on antimicrobial and antibiofilm activities in front of urinary catheters with Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains. The analytical method was devoloped and validated to indicate the stability of DHM and to determinaton it in polymeric nanocapsules by high-performance liquid chromatography. The developed method proved to be linear, specific, precise, accurate and robust for determining of DHM in polymeric nanocapsules. The results of the stability indicative studies demonstrated greater stability of nanocapsules than compared with free DHM, suggesting a protective the degradation of the nanostructure. The physicochemical characterization and the stability study of formulations demonstrated to be appropriate with nanometer diameter, positive zeta potential, the quantification of DHM close to the theoretical content, spherical morphology and uniform distribution of particles. The best conditions for storage of the suspensions without losing its physical and chemical characteristics during the period of 90 days was under refrigeration. The results showed that antimicrobial activity of the compound in the free form eliminate the microbial population in 12 hours while the nanocapsules containing DHM took 24 hours to remove the microbial population, extending up to 96 hours in a sustained manner. The antibiofilm activity of the formulations resulted in the eradication of biofilms both in free DHM formulations as in nanocapsules of DHM during the analyzed periods. However, within 96 hours the results of the inhibition of biofilm by DHM nanocapsules were more effective compared with free DHM, 67% of eradicating biofilm population. Thus, the formulation of nanocapsules DHM may be employed in the eradication of biofilms urinary catheters, it may be used as an innovative strategy. / As infecções hospitalares associadas à formação de biofilmes em cateteres urinários estão entre as principais causas de complicações devido à alta resistência antimicrobiana. Uma alternativa é a Dihidromiricetina (DHM), um composto flavonóide extraído principalmente da planta Ampelopsis grossedentata, uma videira do Sul da China, a qual te sido amplamente utilizada como uma espécie de chá saudável pela população. DHM tem demonstrado diferentes propriedades farmacológicas. Dentre elas destaca-se forte atividade antimicrobiana a diferentes microrganismos. Porém a DHM, possui baixa solubilidade lipídica, consequentemente baixa biodisponibilidade. A nanoencapsulação pode contribuir para a melhora das características de fármacos, pois aumento da solubilidade aparente, proteção contra toxicidade, aumento da atividade farmacológica e estabilidade, liberação sustentada e proteção contra degradações têm sido relatada. O objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar a viabilidade da encapsulação e verificar sua influência sobre atividade antimicrobiana e antibiofilme em cateteres urinários frente a cepas de Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Foi desenvolvido e validado um método analítico indicativo de estabilidade para quantificação de DHM em nanocápsulas através de cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência. O método desenvolvido demonstrou-se linear, específico, preciso, exato e robusto para determinação de DHM em nanocápsulas poliméricas. Os resultados do estudo indicativo de estabilidade nas condições testadas demonstraram uma maior estabilidade da formulação de nanocápsulas de DHM quando comparada com DHM livre, sugerindo uma proteção da nanoestrutura frente às degradações. A caracterização físico-química e o estudo de estabilidade das formulações demonstraram-se adequadas com diâmetro nanométrico, potencial zeta positivo, teor próximo ao teórico, morfologia esférica e distribuição de partícula uniforme. A melhor condição para o armazenamento das suspensões sem perder suas características físico-químicas durante o período de 90 dias foi sob refrigeração. Os resultados da atividade antimicrobiana revelaram que o composto na forma livre eliminou a população microbiana em 12 horas enquanto as nanocápsulas contendo DHM levaram 24 horas para eliminar a população microbiana, estendendo-se até 96 horas de forma sustentada. A atividade antibiofilme das formulações resultou na erradicação dos biofilmes tanto nas formulações de DHM livre quanto nas nanocápsulas de DHM durante os períodos analisados. No entanto, em 96 horas os resultados da inibição do biofilme pelas nanocápsulas de DHM foram mais efetivos quando comparados com DHM livre, erradicando 67% da população do biofilme. Sendo assim, a formulação de nanocápsulas de DHM poderá ser empregada na erradicação de biofilmes em cateteres urinários, podendo ser utilizado como uma estratégia inovadora.

Le développement de salissures marines (ou biofouling) est à l’origine de nombreux problèmes économiques et écologiques. Ces salissures marines sont constituées de microorganismes (bactéries, microalgues…) formant le microfouling sur lequel va se développer le macrofouling constitué de macroorganismes tels que les algues, coquillages et éponges. La formation de ces salissures va induire un ralentissement des navires provoquant une surconsommation de carburant. De plus, l’utilisation de revêtements antisalissures ou peintures antifouling à base de métaux lourds et de biocides dans le passé a conduit à des problèmes environnementaux. L’objectif de la thèse est de rechercher une alternative aux composés actuellement utilisés (cuivre) en respectant le milieu marin. L’environnement est une source d’inspiration, une approche biomimétique pourrait être une stratégie de lutte efficace contre le biofouling. Dans une première partie, un criblage d’une centaine de composés est réalisé contre des souches bactériennes. Huit composés issus des deux familles : les batatasins et les hemibastadins sont étudiées en vue de comprendre leurs modes d’action. Parmi les composés sélectionnés, la famille des hemibastadins comprenant le DiBromoHemiBastadin-1 (DBHB) a montré des propriétés antifouling prometteuses. En effet, cette molécule est capable d’inhiber 50 % la formation du biofilm avec une IC50= 6,44 µg/mL pour la bactérie Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 et une IC50 = 12,8 µg/mL pour la bactérie marine Paracoccus sp. 4M6. Afin de comprendre le mode d’action de cette molécule, son impact sur la communication bactérienne, le quorum sensing est étudié et le composé DBHB est capable de l’inhiber. Dans une seconde partie, un autre groupe d’organismes participant au microfouling est étudié : les microalgues. Afin d’évaluer l’impact de composés de la famille des hemibastadins et notamment du DBHB, l’adhésion et la formation de biofilm de microalgues sont étudiées. Le DBHB montre des inhibitions de l’adhésion et de la formation du biofilm uniquement envers la diatomée Cylindrotheca closterium. Une dernière partie, s’est intéressée à l’évaluation de revêtements contenant six composés de la famille des batatasins et des hemibastadins sur le microfouling naturel. Une méthode d’immersion de revêtements en conditions contrôlées (photobioréacteur) est mise au point afin de pallier aux contraintes environnementales. L’ensemble de cette étude a permis de mettre en évidence les propriétés antifouling du DBHB et de caractériser son mode d’action. Ce composé offre d’intéressantes voies d’étude dans la lutte contre le biofouling. De plus, l’approfondissement des connaissances sur les procédés d’adhésion et de formation de biofilm de microalgues permet de définir de nouvelles stratégies de lutte. / Biofouling induces important economic and ecological problems. This phenomenon includes microorganisms (bacteria, microalgae…) giving the microfouling which allows the macrofouling development with algae, invertebrates and sponges. These organisms colonize every immersed surface as boat hull. The colonization induces reduced speed of ships and fuel overconsumption. In the past, the utilization of AF coatings with heavy metals or pesticides caused environmental problems. The purpose of the study is to find an alternative to AF compounds (copper) respecting the marine medium. The marine environment is an inspiration; a biomimetic approach could be an interesting strategy to inhibit biofouling. In a first part, a screening of one hundred compounds is realized against marine and terrestrial bacteria. Eight molecules from two families (batatasins and hemibastadins) are studied to understand the way of action. Among selected compounds, Dibromohemibastadin-1 (DBHB) from hemibastadin family shows promising AF activities. This molecule is able to inhibit the biofilm formation with an IC50 of 6,44 µg/mL against the bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and 12,8 µg/mL for the marine bacterium Paracoccus sp. 4M6. To identify the way of action of DBHB, the impact on the bacterial communication named quorum sensing is investigated. The molecule shows an anti-quorum sensing property. In a second part, another group participating at microfouling is studied: microalgae. In order to evaluate the impact of hemibastadin family in particular DBHB, microalgae adhesion and biofilm formation are characterized. DBHB induces inhibition only on the adhesion and the biofilm formation of the diatom Cylindrotheca closterium. The last part presents the formulation of coatings containing six compounds from the batatasin and hemibastadin families. These coatings have been immersed in a harbor to evaluate the impact on natural microfouling. Furthermore, a new method for the evaluation of AF coatings is developed in controlled conditions, in a photobioreactor. This method allows the evaluation of coatings on the formation of a mixed biofilm (bacteria and microalgae). This method has been established to avoid environmental constraints by immersion in natural condition. This study allows the characterization of the AF property of DBHB. This compound provides promising research path to limit biofouling. Moreover, the development of a test allowing adhesion and microalgae biofilm formation in dynamic condition improves the characterization of compounds activities.

Evidencia la actividad inhibidora del aceite esencial de Cinnamomum zeylanicum frente a la formación de biopelículas de Pseudomonas aeruginosa y Staphylococcus aureus en lentes de contacto blandos. Utiliza el método de cuantificación de la formación de biopelículas por medio del ensayo de biopelícula estática. Los resultados mostraron que el aceite esencial de Cinnamomum zeylanicum presenta actividad inhibitoria frente a biopelículas de Pseudomonas aeruginosa a una concentración de 5 µL/mL, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027 a una concentración de 5 µL/mL, Staphylococcus aureus a una concentración de 1,25 µL/mL y Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 a una concentración de 0,625 µL/mL, logrando un efecto óptimo frente a la formación de biopelículas de Pseudomonas aeruginosa, donde se llegó a reducir en un 23,94% el crecimiento de dichas biopelículas mejor que la solución multipropósito “Renu Fresh®”, mientras que en las biopelículas maduras, el aceite esencial tuvo mejor actividad en Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 95923 con una reducción del 24,85% mejor que la solución multipropósito “Renu Fresh®”. Concluye que el aceite esencial de canela presenta una gran actividad inhibitoria frente a biopelículas de Pseudomonas aeruginosa y Staphylococcus aureus inducidas en lentes de contacto blandos. / Tesis

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is one of the relatively common inherited diseases caused by a mutation in the gene encoding for CFTR protein, which forms a chloride channel that significantly affects ion homeostasis and the associated fluid management of the cell. This disease mainly affects the respiratory and digestive systems, being the most life-threatening in the respiratory tract. Patients with CF suffer from frequent and recurrent respiratory infections that lead to the development of chronic inflammation and gradual destruction of lung tissue. These lung infections, which are caused mostly by the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, are the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients. At present, antibiotics are used in the treatment of Pseudomonas aeruginosa infections, but new methods of antibacterial therapy need to be found to overcome the development of resistance. In addition to active immunization of CF patients against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, their passive immunization with specific chicken antibodies directed against this pathogen offers promising possibilities. This dissertation thesis is aimed to verify the prophylactic potential of hen IgY antibodies against the virulence factor Pseudomonas aeruginosa - lectin PAIIL, and to further develop an experimental...

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Evalúa la eficacia de dos desinfectantes de uso hospitalario (Dezavid® y Supersafe-D®) frente a biopelículas de Pseudomonas aeruginosa y Staphylococcus aureus formadas sobre acero inoxidable. Adicionalmente se evaluó la eficacia del hipoclorito de sodio (lejía tradicional) de uso doméstico. Se formó durante 6 días una biopelícula sobre discos de acero inoxidable de 1 cm de diámetro y 1 mm de espesor, posteriormente se les trató con concentraciones de 0,05 %, 0,10 % y 1,00 % de Dezavid®; Supersafe-D® y lejía tradicional, dejando actuar el desinfectante durante el tiempo recomendado por el fabricante. Posteriormente se cuantificó las UFC/disco en comparación con un grupo de discos que no fueron sometidos a ningún desinfectante. Los desinfectantes con mayor eficacia fueron Dezavid® 1,00 %; 0,10 % y Supersafe-D® para Staphylococcus aureus ATCC y cepa clínica. En el caso de Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC y cepa clínica los desinfectantes con mayor eficacia fueron Dezavid® 1,00 % y Supersafe-D®. La lejía (1:20) tuvo igual eficacia que Dezavid® 1,00 %; 0,10 % y Supersafe-D® para Staphylococcus aureus ATCC y cepa clínica. En el caso de Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC y cepa clínica, la lejía (1:20) tuvo igual eficacia que Dezavid® 0,10 %.biopelículas de Pseudomonas aeruginosa y Staphylococcus aureus formadas sobre acero inoxidable. Adicionalmente se evaluó la eficacia del hipoclorito de sodio (lejía tradicional) de uso doméstico. Se formó durante 6 días una biopelícula sobre discos de acero inoxidable de 1 cm de diámetro y 1 mm de espesor, posteriormente se les trato con concentraciones de 0,05 %, 0,10 % y 1,00 % de Dezavid®; Supersafe-D® y lejía tradicional, dejando actuar el desinfectante durante el tiempo recomendado por el fabricante. Posteriormente se cuantificó las UFC/disco en comparación con un grupo de discos que no fueron sometidos a ningún desinfectante. Los desinfectantes con mayor eficacia fueron Dezavid® 1,00 %; 0,10 % y Supersafe-D® para Staphylococcus aureus ATCC y cepa clínica. En el caso de Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC y cepa clínica los desinfectantes con mayor eficacia fueron Dezavid® 1,00 % y Supersafe-D®. La lejía (1:20) tuvo igual eficacia que Dezavid® 1,00 %; 0,10 % y Supersafe-D® para Staphylococcus aureus ATCC y cepa clínica. En el caso de Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC y cepa clínica, la lejía (1:20) tuvo igual eficacia que Dezavid® 0,10 %. / Tesis

The genus Candida includes several opportunistically pathogenic species which are common causative agents of the yeast infections in humans. Although current medical research is focused mostly on cancer, AIDS or Alzheimer disease, the problem of systemic candidiases cannot be neglected. These infections represent a real threat to the immunocompromissed patients, they are connected with a high mortality rate and expensive medication with poor prognosis. Pseudomonas aeruginosa could be an inspiration in a way of how to eliminate the pathogenic yeasts. The bacterium can inhibit growth of the most common yeast species of the genus Candida, C. albicans. This effect is based on production of toxic substances by the bacterium and on interaction of the bacterium with the C. albicans cell wall, which leads to the lysis of the yeast cells and which is not fully understood. Nevertheless, coexistence of these microorganisms is also possible and their relationship is affected by various factors. Knowledge of these inter- microbial interactions was obtained from studies of diseases and pathologies, during which C. albicans + P. aeruginosa coinfections occur. In this thesis I studied mechanisms of interaction between pathogenic yeast C. albicans and bacterium P. aeruginosa by a) C. albicans gene expression...