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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
331

Construct Use and Self-Aspect Change in Recovery From Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: a Personal Construct Analysis

Zolten, Avram J. (Avram Jeffery) 05 1900 (has links)
Cognitive ratings that use bipolar constructs based upon similarity and contrast have been shown to be biased towards the similarity pole in approximately a 62/38 ratio. This bias has also been known to shift in the contrastive direction for individuals who have psychiatric problems. This quantitative measure of cognitive change has a potential for characterizing cognitive changes that occur during the disease process, including recovery from disease. The present study investigated changes in self-aspect ratings and bipolar construct use in adult male veterans who had undergone coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Results indicated that treatment subjects' self-aspect and construct ratings were more negative than controls'. Results also indicated that all subjects rated core interpersonal self-aspects closest to the expected bias, while self-aspects related to cardiac recovery problems were rated in the most contrastive direction. The results finally suggested that the greatest degree of change for the treatment subjects were in emotionally generated constructs. The results suggested a preliminary validation for characterizing cognitive changes in the disease process by measuring shifts in bipolar construct ratings.
332

Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Versus Coronary Artery Bypass Graftinge Among Patients with Unprotected Left Main Coronary Artery Disease in the New-Generation Drug-Eluting Stents Era (From the CREDO-Kyoto PCI/CABG Registry Cohort-3) / 新世代薬剤溶出性ステント時代における非保護左冠動脈主幹部病変に対する経皮的冠動脈形成術と冠動脈バイパス術の比較

Yamamoto, Ko 23 March 2023 (has links)
京都大学 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(医学) / 甲第24474号 / 医博第4916号 / 新制||医||1062(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科医学専攻 / (主査)教授 石見 拓, 教授 永井 洋士, 教授 大鶴 繁 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Medical Science / Kyoto University / DFAM
333

Angioanatomie IRM et TDM des artères à destinée péniennes et clitoridiennes : application au cancer de la prostate et en chirurgie vasculaire / Magnetic Resonance imaging and computed tomography scan angioanatomy of the arterial blood supply to the penis and clitoris application in prostate cancer and vascular surgery

Thai, Cao Tan 16 October 2014 (has links)
La dysfonction érectile est l’un des types de dysfonctionnement sexuel aussi complexe chez les hommes que les femmes. Elle implique un facteur venogénique, artériogénique et de neurogénique. L'étiologie des changements de la puissance sexuelle après la prostatectomie radicale ainsi que la chirurgie vasculaire ou la radiothérapie des organes pelviens est probablement multifactorielle, l'une de ces causes est la blessure de l’artère destinée pénienne (mâle) et clitoridienne (femelle) lors d’une opération ou d’une radiothérapie. L’anatomie des artères destinées péniennes et clitoridiennes ainsi que ses origines sont variées. L’Angiographie par résornance magnétique (RM) et tomodensitométrie (TDM) nous donnent des images très nettes qui peuvent être utilisées avant l'intervention pour identifier et localiser les artères pudendales internes (API) et les artères pudendales accessoires (APA), et peuvent aider les chirurgiens et les radiothérapeutes à planifier une opération efficace visant à préserver l’API et l’APA, probablement importantes pour la fonction érectile après l’intervention sur les organes et les vaisseaux pelviens / Erectile dysfunction is one of the types of sexual dysfunction, the etiology is complex in male and female. It involves venogenic factor, arteriogenic and neural origins. The aetiology of changes in sexual potency after radical prostatectomy and pelvic vascular surgery or pelvic radiotherapy is probably multifactorial, one of these cause is injury the penile artery (male) and clitoris artery (female) during the operation or radiotherapy. The anatomy of the penile and clitoral artery is variation. Magnetic resonance (MR) and Multiple detector computed tomography (MDCT) angiography give us a very sharp image, they can be pre-intervation used to identify and localize internal pudendal artery (IPA) and accessory pudendal artery (APA), and may help surgeons and radiotherapists plan an effective intervation that preserves IPA and APA possibly important for sexual function after surgery or radiotherapy of the pelvic organs
334

A Numerical Implementation of an Artery Model Using Hybrid Fem

Singh, Eeshitw Kaushal January 2016 (has links) (PDF)
The goal of this thesis is to develop a hybrid _nite element formulation to carry out stress analysis of arteries. To the best of our knowledge, a hybrid _nite element impel mentation of the Holzapfel-Ogden artery model has not been carried out before. Since arteries are thin `shell-type' structures, they are subjected to membrane, shear and volumetric locking in case when standard _nite elements are used. Since hybrid _nite elements are known to overcome these problems, we develop hybrid hexahedral element formulations (both lower and higher-order) for artery analysis. We demonstrate The better coarse mesh accuracy of hybrid elements, which are based on a two-_eld variational formulation, over conventional displacement based elements. Typically, wend that three or four extra levels of renement are required with conventional elements to achieve the ame accuracy as hybrid elements. The recently proposed Holzapfel-Ogden constitutive model for the artery and its implementation both within the conventional and hybrid _nite element frameworks is discussed. The numerical implementation is particularly challenging due to the presence of _bers which can only take tensile loads. The mathematically exact tangent stiness matrix that we have derived in this work is crucial in ensuring convergence of the numerical strategy.
335

Značaj karotidne endarterektomije kod asimptomatskih pacijenata sa nekompletnom kolateralizacijom unutar Vilisovog poligona / Significance of carotid endarterectomy in asymptomatic patients with incomplete collateralisation within circle of Willis

Manojlović Vladimir 30 October 2015 (has links)
<p>UVOD: Vilisov poligon predstavlja najznačajniju rezervu kolateralnog protoka između ekstrakranijalnih arterija koje vaskularizuju mozak i ima sposobnost razvoja kolateranih puteva kod ekstrakranijalne karotidne bolesti. Ova anatomska struktura podložna je varijacijama koje uključuju i prekid kontinuiteta i nekompletnost kolateralizacije. CILJEVI: Cilj je bio da se utvrdi da li nekompletnost Vilisovog poligona utiče na če&scaron;će pojavljivanje neurolo&scaron;ke simptomatologije i ishemijske moždane lezije kod pacijenata sa ekstrakranijalnom karotidnom bolesti. Takođe cilj je bio i da se utvrdi da li cerebrovaskularna reaktivnost kod pacijenata sa asimptomatskom ekstrakranijalnom karotidnom bolesti zavisi od kompletosti Vilisovog poligona i na koji način hirur&scaron;ki tretman utiče na parametre cerebrovaskularne rezerve kod pacijenata sa kompletnim i nekompletnim Vilisovim poligonom. METOD: U retrospektivnoj studiji analiziran je nalaz MRA kod 211 pacijenata sa ekstrakranijalnom karotidnom bolesti i 102 pacijenta iz kontrolne grupe. U prospektivnoj studiji je kod 98 pacijenata sa asimptomatskom karotidnom bolesti pored MRA nalaza određivana cerebrovaskularna reaktivnost putem određivanja &bdquo;breath hold index&ldquo;-a (BHI) pre i nakon operativnog tretmana. REZULTATI: Nekompletan Vilisov poligon nađen je kod 25% asimptomatskih, 47,5% simptomatskih pacijenata sa karotidnom bolesti i kod 59% kontrolne grupe pacijenata, pri čemu su se razlike pokazale kao statistički značajne. Kod asimptomatskih pacijenata sa nekompletnim Vilisovim poligonom BHI preoperativno iznostio je 0,62 a postoperativno 1,01 na strani lezije. U slučaju nekompletnog Vilisovog poligona preoperativna vrednost BHI iznostila je 0,88 a postoperativna 1,09 na strani lezije. Razlike su se pokazale kao statistički značajne između grupa i pre i posle operativnog tretmana. Porast je bio statistički značajno izraženiji u grupi asimptomatskih pacijenata sa nekompletnim Vilisovim poligonom. Nisu zabeležene major operativne komplikacije (perioeprativni moždani udar,smrtni ishod) a na pojavu hiperperfuzionog sindroma najvi&scaron;e su uticali kompletnost Vilisovog poligona, vrednost BHI i preoperativni tretman hipertenzije. ZAKLJUČCI: Nekompletan Vilisov poligon predstavlja faktor rizika za pojavu neurolo&scaron;ke simptomatologije ili ishemijske moždane lezije kod pacijenata sa ekstrakranijalnom karotidnom bolesti. Kod asimptomatskih pacijenata nekompletan Vilisov pologon utiče na smanjenu cerebrovaskularnu reaktivnost i veći rizik od moždanog udara. Parametri cerebrovaskularne reaktivnosti signifikantno se pobolj&scaron;avaju nakon operativnog tretmana.</p> / <p>INTRODUCTION: Circle of Willis is the most important reserve of collateral flow between the extracranial arteries that supply the brain and has the ability to develop collateral pathways in extracranial carotid disease. This anatomical structure is subject to variations which include a disruption in the continuity and incompleteness of collateralisation. OBJECTIVES: was to determine whether the incompleteness of the Circle of Willis is more often associated with neurological symptoms and ishemic cerebral lesions in patients with extracranial carotid artery disease. Also, the objective was to determine whether cerebrovascular reactivity in patients with asymptomatic extracranial carotid artery disease depends on the completeness Circle of Willis and how surgical treatment affects the parameters of cerebrovascular reserve in patients with complete and incomplete Circle of Willis. METHODS: This study analyzed the findings of MRA in 211 patients with extracranial carotid artery disease and 102 patients in the control group. In prospective study in 98 patients with asymptomatic carotid artery disease in addition to the MRA findings cerebrovascular reactivity was determined by determining the &quot;breath hold index&quot; -a (BHI) before and after surgical treatment. RESULTS: Incomplete Circle of Willis was found in 25% of asymptomatic, 47.5% of symptomatic patients with carotid artery disease, and 59% of the control group patients, where the difference proved to be statistically significant. In asymptomatic patients with incomplete Circle of Willis BHI values were 0.62 preoperatively and 1.01 postoperatively on the side of the lesion. In the case of incomplete Circle of Willis preoperative BHI values were 0.88 preopertively and 1.09 postoperatively in asymptomatic patients. The differences are shown to be statistically significant between the groups before and after surgical treatment. The increase was significantly more pronounced in the group of asymptomatic patients with incomplete Circle of Willis. There were not recorded major operative complications (perioeprativni stroke, mortality) and the occurrence hyperperfusion syndrome was most affected by completeness of the Circle of Willis, a value BHI and preoperative treatment of hypertension. CONCLUSIONS: Incomplete Circle of Willis is a risk factor for the occurrence of neurological symptoms or ischemic brain lesions in patients with extracranial carotid artery disease. In asymptomatic patients incomplete Circle of Willis affects the reduced cerebrovascular reactivity and a higher risk of stroke. The parameters of cerebrovascular reactivity significantly improved after surgical treatment.</p>
336

Estudo comparativo entre os tratamentos: médico, angioplastia ou cirurgia em portadores de doença coronária multiarterial: estudo randomizado (MASS II) / Comparative study among three treatments: medicine, angioplasty, or surgery in patients with multivessel coronary artery disease: a randomized study (MASS II)

Rocha, Antonio Sérgio Cordeiro da 01 December 2009 (has links)
Não há evidência conclusiva da vantagem da revascularização cirúrgica do miocárdio (RCM) ou angioplastia percutânea coronária (APC) sobre o tratamento clínico (TC) em pacientes sintomáticos, com doença arterial coronária (DAC) multiarterial e função ventricular esquerda (FVE) preservada. O objetivo deste estudo foi comparar os resultados em longo prazo da RCM ou APC com o TC em pacientes portadores de DAC em múltiplos vasos e FVE preservada. Os desfechos primários do estudo foram a combinação de morte por qualquer origem, infarto do miocárdio não fatal (IAM) e angina refratária com necessidade de intervenção mecânica. O desfecho secundário foi o estado anginoso ao final do estudo. Todos os eventos foram analisados de acordo com o princípio de intenção de tratar. De 2.077 pacientes elegíveis para randomização dentre 20.769 pacientes avaliados para participar do estudo, 611 foram efetivamente randomizados para se submeterem à RCM (n=203), APC (n=205) ou TC (n=203). Em 10 anos de seguimento desfechos primários ocorreram em 37,9% dos pacientes submetidos à RCM em comparação a 56,1% dos submetidos à APC e 69% dos que receberam TC (p<0,0001). Não foi encontrada nenhuma diferença com relação à morte por qualquer origem entre RCM (25,1%), APC (23,9%) e TC (31%) (p=0,230). Intervenção mecânica por causa de angina refratária foi necessária em 38,9% dos que receberam TC, comparada a 40% dos submetidos à APC e 7,4% dos que se submeteram à RCM (p<0,0001). Em adição, 20,7% dos pacientes que receberam TC tiveram IAM, em comparação a 13,2% dos submetidos à APC e 9,9% dos submetidos à RCM (p=0,008). Pacientes submetidos à TC tiveram maior incidência de morte por origem cardíaca (20,7%) do que os submetidos à APC (14,1%) e RCM (10,8%) (p=0,021), no entanto, essa diferença só foi significativa entre RCM e TC (p=0,009). Nenhuma diferença significativa foi encontrada na incidência de AVE entre os três grupos de tratamento (p=0,303). Ao final do seguimento, angina estava presente em 14,8% dos pacientes alocados para TC em comparação a 9,3% dos submetidos à APC e 6,4% dos submetidos à RCM (p=0,022). A RCM reduziu de modo significativo e independente a incidência de eventos combinados em comparação ao TC (HR=0,449; IC95%=0,346 - 0,583) e à APC (HR=0,560; IC95%=0,431 0,726), sobretudo à custa de redução da intervenção mecânica em comparação ao TC (HR=0,162; IC95%=0,113-0,232) e à APC (HR=0,150;IC95%=0,111-0,228). A RCM também reduziu significativamente a incidência de IAM e o estado anginoso em comparação ao TC (HR=0,467; IC95%=0,280 0,780; p=0,013 e HR=0,397; IC95=0,200 0,785; p=0,009, respectivamente). O estudo revelou que os três tipos de tratamento alcançaram índices elevados e semelhantes de sobrevivência em 10 anos de seguimento. Todavia, a cirurgia foi superior ao tratamento clínico na prevenção do infarto do miocárdio não fatal, na diminuição da incidência de angina e na prevenção da intervenção mecânica guiada por angina refratária. A angioplastia e o tratamento clínico mostraram resultados semelhantes em relação ao alívio dos sintomas anginosos e na prevenção dos eventos combinados definidos como morte por qualquer origem, infarto do miocárdio não fatal e a necessidade de intervenção mecânica / There was no conclusive evidence that coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is superior to medical therapy (MT) alone in symptomatic patients with multivessel coronary artery disease (CAD), and preserved left ventricular function. The objective of this study is to compare the long-term results of CABG or PCI versus MT in patients with multivessel CAD and preserved left ventricular function. The primary end-points were the combination (MACE) of overall mortality, non fatal acute myocardial infarction (AMI), and refractory angina requiring revascularization. Secondary end-point was the angina status at the end of follow-up. All events were analyzed according to the intention to treat principle. From 2.077 eligible patients for randomization among 20.769 patients screened for the trial, 611 could be randomized to CABG (n=203), PCI (n=205), and MT (n=203). At 10-year follow-up, MACE occurred in 69% of patients who underwent MT, compared to 56% treated with PCI, and 37.9% receiving CABG (p<0.0001). There were no statistical differences in overall mortality among the three groups (31% in MT, 23.9% in PCI, and 25.1% in CABG; p=0.230). Mechanical intervention driven by refractory angina were necessary in 38.9% of patients in the MT, compared to 40% in the PCI, and 7.4% in the CABG group (p<0.0001). In addition, non-fatal acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were experienced by 20.7% of patients receiving MT, in comparison to 13.2% of patients submitted to PCI and 9.9% of those submitted to CABG (p=0.008). Patients who underwent MT had higher cardiac mortality (20.7%), than patients receiving PCI (14.1%) or CABG (10.8%) (p=0.021), however this difference was significant only between CABG and MT (p=0,009). No statistical differences were observed in the incidence of stroke among the three groups of treatment (p=0.303). At the end of follow-up angina was present in 14.8% of MT patients, compared to 9.3% of PCI patients, and 6.4% of CABG patients (p=0.022). CABG independently reduced the incidence of MACE in comparison to MT (HR=0.449; CI95%=0.346 0.583) and PCI (HR=0.560; CI95%=0.431 0.726). This reduction is mainly driven by reduction in the rate of mechanical intervention in comparison to MT (HR=0.162; CI95%=0.113-0.232), and PCI (HZ=0.150; CI95%=0.111-0.228). CABG also reduced the incidence of AMI and angina status in comparison to MT (HR=0.150; IC95%=0.280 0.780; p=0.013; HR=0.397; IC95%=0.200 0.785; p=0.009, respectively). Our study has shown that the three treatment options yielded comparable and elevated rates of survival in 10-year follow-up. However, CABG was superior to MT in the prevention of AMI, in the reduction of the angina incidence, and in the prevention of mechanical intervention. Angioplasty and MT have shown similar results in relation to angina alleviation and prevention from MACE defined as the combination of all cause mortality, AMI, and the need of mechanical intervention
337

Caracterização e evolução clínica dos pacientes portadores de oclusão da artéria carótida interna: estudo comparativo / Characterization and natural history of patients presenting internal carotid occlusion: omparative study

Mulatti, Grace Carvajal 21 November 2017 (has links)
INTRODUÇÃO: A estenose carotídea de origem aterosclerótica é um importante marcador de aterosclerose sistêmica avançada. A oclusão (obstrução completa da artéria) é rara e corresponde ao evento morfológico final da progressão da placa de ateroma na bifurcação carotídea. Muitos pacientes são sintomáticos no momento do diagnóstico e apresentam novos sintomas neurológicos na evolução apesar de tratamento clínico adequado. A literatura médica é escassa em determinar os principais fatores que podem levar a oclusão carotídea. A participação e intensidade das comorbidades e/ou fatores de risco, associados a dados demográficos peculiares foram pouco explorados. OBJETIVOS: Caracterizar o paciente com oclusão carotídea (OC) quanto a aspectos demográficos, doenças associadas e fatores de risco; detectar novos eventos neurológicos, cardiovasculares e óbitos no seguimento clínico destes pacientes. MÉTODO: Informações demográficas, clinicas e evolutivas de pacientes com oclusão carotídea e estenose carotídea não significativa foram recuperadas de um banco de dados compÍetado prospectivamente e complementadas com prontuário hospitalar e novos dados obtidos via convocação e/ou entrevista telefônica. RESULTADOS: No período de janeiro de 2005 a janeiro de 2013 foram analisados 213 pacientes portadores de OC e 172 portadores de estenose hemodinamicamente não significativa (ENS), ou abaixo de 50%. Foram analisados 4 dados demográficos e 9 fatores de risco, bem como sintomas neurológicos na apresentação e na evolução. No grupo OC predominaram indivíduos do sexo masculino, hipertensos, tabagistas, portadores de doença arterial obstrutiva periférica (DAOP), insuficiência renal crônica (IRC) com significância estatística em relação ao grupo ENS (p < 0,05).\\.Entre os pacientes com OC, 76,1% apresentaram sintomas neurológicos inicialmente contra 35,5% do grupo ENS (p = 0,000001). Quanto à evolução, os pacientes com OC apresentaram progressão significativa da estenose carotídea contralateral, quando comparada com a progressão da estenose nas carótidas do grupo ENS. (15,0% e 2,3%, p = 0,00011). O aparecimento de novos sintomas foi determinado pelo estado clínico de apresentação dos pacientes: 10,8% de novos sintomas nos inicialmente sintomáticos e 4,3% nos assintomáticos (p = 0,0218). Constatou-se maior número de óbitos na amostra OC (14,1%) do que na ENS (6,4%) com diferença significativa (p = 0,0150). CONCLUSÕES: OS pacientes portadores de OC apresentam maior prevalência de fatores de risco e comorbidades e maior mortalidade que o grupo ENS. No seguimento, os pacientes que se apresentavam sintomas neurológicos no momento do diagnóstico foram aqueles que mais desenvolveram novos eventos neurológicos. Este estudo representa um esforço em identificar uma amostra da população com estenose carotídea que pode necessitar de diagnóstico precoce e intervenção clínica vigorosa na prevenção de novos eventos e/ou óbitos / INTRODUCTION: Carotid stenosis is an important marker of severe systemic atherosclerosis. Internal Carotid occlusion (ICO) is rare and represents the final event when it comes to atherosclerotic plaque progression at the carotid bifurcation. Many patients are symptomatic when diagnosed with this condition and some of them will present more neurologic symptoms despite proper clinical management. So far only few studies have investigated if more comorbidities andjor risk factors, associated to demographic characteristics can lead to ICO. OBJETIVES: To identify the patient with ICO as regard to his demographic data, associated diseases and risk factors. Primary end-points were new neurologic events, cardiovascular symptoms and deaths during follow-up. METHOD: A prospective database was completed with demographic data and clinical information from patients with ICO and from a control group of patients with a non-significant stenosis (NSS), ar below 50%. Information was collected retrospectively from clínical records and missing data were completed with a medical appointment or teJephone interview. RESULTS: From [anuary 2005 to [anuary 2013, 213 patients with ICO and 172 patients with NSS were studied. Demographic data, risk factors for atherosclerosis and neurological symptoms at diagnosis and during follow-up were verified. Among patients with [CO there were more men and those with history of smoking, and more patients presenting with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and chronic renal failure (CRF) than those in the NSS group (p < 0,05). At the time of diagnosis 76.1% of patients with ICO were symptomatic, while 35.5% in the NSS group (p=0.000001). Patients in the ICO group presented significant progression of the contralateral stenosis when compared to progression on any side in the control grouP\'\"(15.0% versus 2.3%, p = 0.00011). New symptoms were determined by the patient\'s clinical status. As regard to new neurological symptoms during follow-up, 10.8% of those initially symptomatic (both groups combined), presented new symptoms, opposed to 4.3% of those initially asymptomatic (p=0.0218). Number of deaths was significantly higher among patients in the ICO group (14.1% versus 6.4%, p=0.0150). CONCLUSIONS: Patients presenting with ICO have more risk factors and higher mortality by any cause. Those initially symptomatic will likely present more neurological symptoms during follow up. This study aims to identify those who are more at risk before the occlusion and could benefit of earJy diagnosis and vigorous c1inical intervention before new neurological events andjor death
338

Análise do grau de lesão obstrutiva coronária e sua correspondente parede miocárdica como fatores preditivos de perviedade e remodelamento da artéria radial na revascularização do miocárdio / Analysis of coronary obstruction and irrigated myocardial wall as predictive factors for patency and remodeling of radial artery grafts in coronary artery bypass surgery

Carneiro, Luciano Jannuzzi 17 February 2009 (has links)
A artéria radial (AR) constitui valiosa opção de enxerto na revascularização do miocárdio (RM), desde a retomada de seu uso, nos anos 1990. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar perviedade e remodelamento dos enxertos de AR e sua relação com lesão obstrutiva pré-operatória e parede miocárdica revascularizada, observando-se também os enxertos de artéria torácica interna (ATI). CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODO: Entre 1994 e 2007, 3.964 pacientes foram operados com uso da AR, no InCor/HCFMUSP. Foram selecionados os reestudos angiográficos (12 meses) de 100 pacientes, sendo 11 deles reestudados em duas épocas diferentes. Em 92 pacientes foi utilizada a ATI. Foram determinados os diâmetros médios de AR e ATI, através do software CASS-II®. RESULTADOS: O tempo médio de reestudo foi de 70,53 ±33,18 meses. Em 82 casos (82,0%), a AR revascularizou uma única coronária, mais freqüentemente (50,83%) os ramos marginal esquerdo (ME) ou ventricular posterior (VP/CX). As obstruções pré-operatórias entre 90 e 99% foram as mais prevalentes (39,0%). A perviedade observada foi de 80 casos para AR (80,0%) e 80 para ATIE (86,96%). Houve correlação entre as maiores obstruções pré-operatórias e maior perviedade da AR (p=0,024). Os diâmetros médios dos enxertos foram de 2,302mm ±0,479 (AR) e 2,262mm ±0,409 (ATI). Observaram-se AR maiores do que a média (>2,30mm) nas obstruções pré-operatórias de 100%, em comparação com as demais (p=0,017). As AR que revascularizaram a parede lateral apresentaram os maiores diâmetros, em comparação às demais (p=0,04). Nos 11 pacientes com 2 reestudos, os diâmetros médios das AR foram de: 2,482mm ±0,424 (primeiro reestudo) e 2,599mm ±0,532 (segundo reestudo)(p=n/s). Para as ATIE, observaram-se: 2,308mm ±0,459 (primeiro reestudo) e 2,326mm ±0,531 (segundo reestudo) (p=n/s). No segundo reestudo, observou-se maior número de AR com diâmetros maiores, relacionados às obstruções entre 90-100% (p=0,013). A parede miocárdica revascularizada não interferiu nos diâmetros dos enxertos. CONCLUSÕES: A obstrução pré-operatória interfere na perviedade e nos diâmetros dos enxertos de AR, especialmente nas obstruções de 90% ou mais. A parede miocárdica revascularizada não interfere na perviedade da AR, porém interfere nos diâmetros dos enxertos. Foi observado remodelamento dos enxertos de AR, estando as obstruções mais graves relacionadas aos maiores aumentos de diâmetros dos enxertos comportamento semelhante às ATI. / The radial artery (RA) is an invaluable option for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG), since its re-introduction in the late 1990 s.The objective of this study was to assess patency and remodeling of RA grafts regarding the interference of pre-operative coronary obstruction and grafted myocardial wall, also observing the internal thoracic artery grafts (ITA). METHODS: Between 1994 and 2007, 3,964 patients were operated with RA grafts, at Heart Institute, University of São Paulo, Brazil. Post-operative coronary angiographies (12 months)of 100 patients were obtained, including 11 patients with two post-op exams, at different periods. In 92 patients the ITA was also used.The grafts medium diameters were obtained using the CASS-II® software. RESULTS: Mean time of post-op angiography was 70,53 ±33,18 months. In 82 cases (82,0%) the RA grafted a single coronary, more frequently (50,83%) the left marginal (LM) or posterior ventricular (PV) branches. Pre-op obstructions between 90 and 99% were more prevalent (39,0%). Patency was of 80 cases for the RA (80,0%) and 80 cases for the ATI grafts (86,96%). There was a correlation between more severe pre-op obstructions and greater patency of the RA grafts (p=0,024). The mean diameters were 2,302mm ±0,479 (RA) and 2,262mm ±0,409 (ITA). RA diameters were above the mean value (>2,30mm) in pre-op obstructions of 100%, compared to the rest (p=0,017). The RA grafting the lateral wall showed the larger diameters, compared to the rest (p=0,04). For the 11 patients with 2 post-op angiographies, mean diameters of RA grafts were: 2,482mm ±0,424 (first) and 2,599mm ±0,532 (second)(p=n/s). For ITA grafts, mean diameters were: 2,308mm ±0,459 (first) and 2,326mm ±0,531 (second)(p=n/s). For the second angiographies, RA grafts exhibited larger diameters, related to pre-op obstructions between 90 and 100% (p=0,013). The grafted myocardial wall showed no interference with graft diameter. CONCLUSIONS: Pre-op coronary obstruction interferes in patency and diameters of RA grafts, more evidently for obstructions of 90% or greater. The grafted myocardial wall does not interfere with RA patency, although it does interfere with graft diameter. Remodeling was observed in RA grafts, correlating greater pre-op coronary obstructions and more evident increase in graft diameter similarly to the ITA grafts.
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Remodelamento tardio da artéria torácica interna bilateral na revascularização do miocárdio: Influência do leito coronariano esquerdo / Late remodeling of bilateral internal thoracic artery in coronary artery bypass graft surgery: influence of left coronary bed

Rocha, Bruno da Costa 20 February 2006 (has links)
O enxerto de artéria torácica interna tem demonstrado capacidade de remodelamento devido a interação com o leito arterial coronariano. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a influência dos fatores clínicos e angiográficos no remodelamento dos enxertos, definido como variação no calibre vascular. Casuística e métodos: No período entre 1983 e 1999, 356 pacientes realizaram cirurgia de revascularização do miocárdio utilizando a artéria torácica interna esquerda para o ramo interventricular anterior e a artéria torácica interna direita para um ramo da circunflexa. Trinta e dois pacientes foram submetidos a cineangiocoronariografia pós-operatória, a qual foi posteriormente analisada com o aplicativo CASS II®. Este estudo observacional apresentou acompanhamento médio de 42 meses(6-204 meses). As variáveis angiográficas analisadas foram os diâmetros proximal e distal dos enxertos arteriais (variável dependente), área coronariana, pontuação de fluxo TIMI, diâmetro de estenose proximal, fluxo dominante distal e ramos patentes. Fatores de risco cardiovascular também foram incluídos. Resultados: O modelo de regressão linear múltiplo demonstrou um R2ajustado=0,69 (p=0,0001) para o modelo a direita e R2ajustado=0,46 (p=0,002) para a esquerda. Os enxertos apresentaram diâmetros proximal e distal de 2,67mm ±0,085 e 2,232mm ±0,085 à esquerda; 2,458mm ±0,088 e 2,010mm ± 0,091 (média±EP) à direita, respectivamente (p>0,05). Nenhuma variável clínica obteve correlação significante estatisticamente. A área coronariana apresentou coeficiente de beta=0,42 (0,14-0,6/IC-95%) e diâmetro de estenose proximal de 0,55 (0,40-0,65/IC-95%) para o remodelamento do lado direito. A área coronariana demonstrou coeficiente de beta=0,54 (0,3- 0,68/IC-95%) para o remodelamento do lado esquerdo. Conclusões: A artéria torácica interna não demonstrou diferença de calibre em relação a lateralidade (esquerda vs direita). O diâmetro de estenose proximal da artéria coronária revascularizada demonstrou correlação positiva com o remodelamento dos enxertos do lado direito. A área da artéria coronária revascularizada foi a única variável de influência para o remodelamento bilateral dos enxertos / Internal thoracic artery grafts has demonstrated capacity for remodeling due to interaction with the coronary artery bed. The goal was to analysis the influence of clinical and angiographic factors in this remodeling as defined as grafts caliber variation. Methods: In a period from 1983 to 1999, 356 patients underwent to coronary artery bypass surgery using the left internal thoracic artery anastomosed to interventricular anterior branch and the right internal thoracic artery to circumflex branches. Thirty two patients were submitted to postoperative coronary angiography which was further analysed by CASS II® software. The mean follow-up of this observational study was 42 months(6- 204 months). Angiographic variables analyzed was proximal and distal diameters of arterial grafts(dependent variable), coronary area, TIMI flow grade, proximal stenosis diameter, dominant distal flow and patent branches. Cardiovascular risk factors were included indeed. Results: The multiple regression model demonstrated R2adjusted=0.69 (p=0.0001) for right side and R2adjusted=0.46 (p=0.002) for left side. The grafts presented proximal and distal diameters of 2.67mm ±0.085 and 2.232mm ±0.085 from left side; 2.458mm ±0.088 and 2.010mm ±0.091 (mean±SE) from right side respectively (p > 0,05). None of the clinical variables had statistical significant correlation. The coronary area presented as a beta coefficient=0.42 (0.14-0.6/CI-95%) and proximal stenosis diameter of 0.55 (0.40-0.65/CI-95%) for right side remodeling. The coronary area shown a beta coefficient=0.54 (0.3- 0.68/CI-95%) for left side remodeling. Conclusions: The internal thoracic artery did not demonstrate difference in caliber about its laterality (left vs right). The proximal stenosis degree of the bypassed coronary artery demonstrated positive correlation with remodeling for the right side grafts. Bilateral grafts remodeling was only explained by positive correlation with the bypassed coronary area
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Análise histomorfométrica de cinco opções de autoenxerto arterial de interposição para transplante de fígado intervivos em adultos / Comparative morphometric analysis of five interpositional arterial autografts options for adult living donor liver transplantation

Imakuma, Ernesto Sasaki 31 October 2016 (has links)
Nos transplantes intervivos de fígado em adultos, o enxerto possui apenas uma artéria segmentar, cujo calibre e extensão são geralmente pequenos. Assim, a distância entre essa artéria do enxerto e a artéria hepática do receptor geralmente é grande e os calibres desproporcionais, tornando tecnicamente difícil a reconstrução arterial hepática. Nestes casos, pode-se utilizar um autoenxerto vascular de interposição para facilitar o procedimento, evitando-se assim complicações cirúrgicas. Objetivo: O presente trabalho se propôs a comparar a artéria mesentérica inferior (AMI), artéria esplênica (AE), artéria epigástrica inferior (AEI), ramo descendente da artéria circunflexa femoral lateral (ACFL) e artéria hepática própria (AHP) como opções de autoenxerto de interposição em transplantes de fígado intervivos em adultos. Método: Foram dissecados 16 cadáveres frescos e coletados as referidas artérias de cada um deles. As variáveis estudadas foram diâmetro do orifício proximal, do distal e comprimento. O diâmetro proximal da AHP e os diâmetros distais AE, AMI, AEI e ramo descendente da ACFL foram comparados ao diâmetro distal da AHD. Os diâmetros proximais e distais da AE, AEI e ramo descendente da ACFL foram comparados entre si para avaliar ganho de calibre. Resultados: Todas as artérias, exceto a AMI, apresentaram diferença estatisticamente significante em relação à AHD quanto à diâmetro. Em termos de ganho de calibre, as artérias apresentaram diferença estatisticamente significante. Todas as artérias, exceto a AHP, apresentaram comprimento de 3 cm. Conclusão: A AMI apresentou a melhor compatibilidade de diâmetro com a AHD e comprimento suficiente para uso como autoenxerto. A AHP, AE, AEI e o ramo descendente da ACFL apresentam calibre estatisticamente diferente da AHD. Destas, somente a AHP não apresentou média de comprimento suficiente para uso em transplante de fígado intervivos / In living donor liver transplantation, the graft presents only a segmental artery, which usually has small diameter and short extension. In these cases, an interpositional arterial autograft can be used in order to obtain vascular extension and better diameter compatibility, making the procedure easier and avoiding surgical complications. Aim: We compared the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA), the splenic artery (SA), the inferior epigastric artery (IEA), the descending branch of the lateral circumflex femoral artery (LCFA) and the proper hepatic artery (PHA) as options of interpositional autograft in living donor liver transplantation. Method: Segments of at least 3 cm of all five arteries were harvested from 16 fresh adult cadavers from both genders through standardized dissection. The analyzed measures were proximal and distal diameter and length. The proximal diameter of RHA and the distal diameter of SA, IMA, IEA and the LCFA were compared to the distal diameter of the RHA. The proximal and distal diameters of the SA, IEA and the LCFA were compared to study caliber gain of each artery. Results: All arteries, except the IMA, showed statistical significant difference in relation to the RHA in terms of diameter. Regarding caliber gain, the arteries demonstrated statistical significant difference. All arteries, except PHA, presented length equal to 3 cm. Conclusion: The IMA demonstrated the best compatibility with the RHA in terms of diameter and has shown sufficient length to be employed as interpositional graft. The PHA, the SA, the IEA and the LCFA presented statistically significant different diameters when compared to the RHA. Among these vessels, only the PHA did not show sufficient mean length

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