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This thesis focuses on the various adaptations of Arthur Conan Doyles novel The Hound of the Baskerville and accentuate the episode The Hounds of Baskervilles from the BBC TV series Sherlock. Thus, this thesis is decribing the theme, which was not fully covered in Czech literature. The author used different sources, books, internet pages and cinematographic pieces. The thesis consists of two parts. In the first part the author is focusing on the theory of adaptation, Doyle's life and art, The Hound of the Baskervilles book and the TV series Sherlock. In the practical part the author narrates about the episode The Hounds of the Baskervilles and searching for definition of the adaptation process, which the makers of this episode used. This part also answers the question, why is this episode so popular and key for the whole series. The crucial final part of the thesis summarizes the main principles, which authors and film makers can use during the process of the adaptation. Keywords Adaptation, television series, Arthur Conan Doyle, BBC, Sherlock, The Hound of the Baskervilles Title/název práce Adaptations of the novel The Hound of the Baskervilles: The triumph of the television series's sociopath

The purpose of this study is to address a period in Swedish political history when the politicization of the Church of Sweden was formed, a politicization that still exist. How this period came about is viewed through the writings and speeches of an important member of the Social democratic party, Arthur Engberg, who became Minister of Education and Religion in the first Swedish social democratic government in 1932. Prior to being a minister, Engberg first argued to immediately separate the church from the state. Later, he argued that the church first must be reformed by the state before the separation can take place. The question addressed in the study is, if Engberg continued his efforts as a minister, 1932­–1939, or if he instead, as some implies, aligned with the church? The most authoritative literature when studying Engberg is Beltzén Arthur Engberg – publicist och politiker (Arthur Engberg – publicist and politician) from 1973 which suggest that he did follow his early intensions. This is however contradicted by a contemporary prominent party member, Rickard Lindström in an article in Tiden 1946. The method applied to study this question was to research Engberg’s writings and speeches in a chronological order and to put them into context with the parallel processes of the formation of the Christian Socialist Group and with the internal reformation of the church.  The conclusions drawn by the study is that Engberg became a defender of the church as the cultural institution he wanted it to be. He had come to realize that the church could be accepted and even useful for managing the religious matter of the state. As such it must be controlled by the state and a separation between state and church is not necessary in the foreseeable future.

Epic, among the earliest and most universal of genres, is found in a developed form among the most ancient written records of cultures from China to Greece, and has been recorded as oral narrative on every inhabited continent. From these roots in Western culture a varied yet unbroken tradition of heroic narrative has grown. Epic’s form has changed with human society, reflecting our literary, social and psychological development. This study aims to explore the effects in epic literature in English of one such development, namely the internalisation of writing, at two stages of this process as they are manifest in Beowulf and Malory’s Morte Darthur. Every culture has particular noetic processes, that is, methods of structuring and storing knowledge. Writing has profoundly influenced noetic development, so that primary oral cultures (without writing), chirographic culture (with writing) and typographic cultures (with printing) are profoundly different. Parry and Lord’s oral formulaic theory, and Havelock and Ong’s noetic theory describe the characteristics of primary oral thought and poetic discourse. Beowulf’s noetic paradigm is vocality; it is written, yet still largely rooted in the oral tradition and meant to be heard. The Morte shows loosening ties between poetic creation and extra-linguistic tradition in a mix of oral and literate traits. This study traces in Beowulf and the Morte seven characteristics of orality, namely stereotypical/formulaic expression, ceremonial appropriation of history, standardisation of themes, epithetic identification, heavy/ceremonial characters, agonistic style and copiousness. In all seven characteristics, the early signs of literate noetics just discernable in Beowulf are more developed in the Morte, as would be expected. Between Beowulf and the Morte, the form and the function of poetic discourse change. In primary oral epic, words make things real and function as communal memory. Epic discourse forms individuals as communal, ethical, technological beings, and enables human society to give expression to things unknown. Primary epic is in some ways one of the fullest expressions of language’s nature and possibilities. Writing, which relieves the burden of memorisation, frees energy for the development of certain of these functions. The development, made possible by writing, of abstract conceptualisation and then analytical logic is seen in Beowulf’s deathbed musings on heroic worth, which broaden into Malory’s extended critique of chivalry. The opposition of concepts becomes more important than the opposition of persons, and so from agonistic rhetoric grows scientific logic. This development spelled the end of primary epic, and other genres based on logic and analytical syntax developed to fulfil its didactic and prescriptive roles, from charters to essays. The evolutionary role of oral epic, which enabled communal desires to be expressed, passed to romance, but this genre too died with the advent of Enlightenment rationality and modern depth psychology. Fantasy, perhaps, succeeds romance in this function. The study ends with concluding remarks about the future of epic; with the shift from typographic literacy to secondary orality, epic is showing a rebirth in film and literature, notably in J.R.R. Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings. / Dissertation (Magister Artium (English))--University of Pretoria, 2007. / English / unrestricted

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本論文はトマス・マロリーの『アーサー王の死』における「円卓」の役割を、三つの定義を通じて考察するものである。中世において「ラウンド・テーブル」は「(1)アーサー王の騎士組織(2)彼らの集う場である家具(3)アーサー王伝説を模倣して行われた見世物」を意味した。本研究では特に円卓の形状と意味の変化、模擬戦と誓約による理想の提示、円卓が騎士たちの間に生み出す友愛と敵対、誓いにより結ばれた義兄弟と実の兄弟の差異、偽証による円卓の崩壊を取り上げる。 / This dissertation presents a more comprehensive study of Thomas Malory's Morte Darthur from the three aspects of the Round Table. I focus on the following elements especially: the evolution of the shape and significance of the Round Table; visual and verbal representations of the Round-Table ideal by means of tournaments and the Pentecostal Oath; the conflicts the table creates between fellowship and rivalry; the chasm between brothers bound by oath and those tied by blood; and its fall due to the violation of the Pentecostal Oath. Through these perspectives, I would like to reveal the functions of the Round Table and capture the essence of Le Morte Darthur. / 博士(英文学) / Doctor of Philosophy in English Literature / 同志社大学 / Doshisha University

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