Orientador: Ciro Moraes Barros / Banca: José Buratini / Banca: Valéria Sandrim / Banca: Roberto Sartori / Banca: Mario Binelli / Banca: Anthony Cezar Souza Castilho / Resumo: Animais com alta população folicular (APF) antral possuem melhor desempenho reprodutivo quando comparados a animais de baixa população folicular (BPF). Essa variação no número de folículos antrais pode estar associada a diferentes perfis hormonais e de expressão de genes reguladores da ativação e crescimento folicular. Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho: 1) avaliar o perfil global de expressão gênica de folículos antrais em animais com APF e BPF nas raças Nelore (Bos indicus) e Aberdeen Angus (Bos taurus) e 2) identificar diferenças genotípicas através de um estudo de associação genômica (GWAS - Genome Wide Association Study) usando polimorfismos de nucleotídeo de sítio único (SNPs). Inicialmente foram avaliadas 155 novilhas da raça Nelore e 132 da raça Angus com idade e peso semelhantes. Os animais foram sincronizados e a contagem dos folículos realizada através de ultrassonografia 24 a 48 horas após o início do estro. Os grupos APF e BPF foram formados com base na média do número de folículos ± desvio padrão nas duas raças. Para avaliar o perfil global de expressão gênica usou-se a técnica do microarranjo. Um total de 15 novilhas Nelore (6 APF e 9 BPF) e 17 novilhas Angus (9 APF e 8 BPF) foram abatidas 12 a 24 horas após a ovulação e os ovários transportados ao laboratório. Foi realizado um pool de RNA extraído de três folículos (≤ 4 mm) individualmente (um pool por animal) dissecados do ovário. A análise dos dados procedeu-se no FlexArray 1.6.1.1 e os genes com "fold change" > 1,5 e P ≤ 0,05 foram considerados diferencialmente expressos. Para o estudo de GWAS 72 novilhas da raça Nelore (32 APF e 40 BPF) e 48 da raça Angus (21APF e 27 BPF) foram selecionadas. O DNA foi extraído do sangue e/ou bulbo capilar e a genotipagem foi realizada com o chip 777 HD bovine Illumina®. Os SNPs foram submetidos ao controle de qualidade usando como critérios de exclusão: call rate (IDCR) ≤ 90%,... / Abstract: Animals with high antral follicle count (HFC) have a better reproductive performance when compared with animals with low follicle count (LFC). This variation in the number of antral follicles can be associated with different hormonal profiles and expression of genes regulating activation and follicular growth. The objective of the present work was: 1) to evaluate the global gene expression of antral follicles in animals with HFC and LFC in Nelore (Bos indicus) and Aberdeen Angus (Bos taurus) heifers and 2) to identify genotypic differences through a genomic wide association study (GWAS) using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP). Initially, 155 Nelore heifers and 132 Angus heifers with similar body weight and age were selected. The animals were synchronized and follicle count was done through ultrasound 24 to 48 h after estrus. The groups LFC and HFC were formed using the average of follicles ± standard deviation in both breeds. To evaluate the global gene expression profile we use a microarray chip. A total of 15 Nelore heifers (6 HFC and 9 LFC) and 17 Angus heifers (9 HFC and 8 LFC) were slaughter 12 to 24 h after ovulation and ovaries were transported to the laboratory. A pool of RNA from three follicles (< 4 mm) from each animal was used to the analysis using FlexArray 1.6.1.1 and the genes with fold change > 1.5 and P ≤ 0.05 were considered differentially expressed. For the GWAS study 72 Nelore heifers (32 HFC and 40 LFC) and 48 Angus heifers (21 HFC and 27 LFC) were selected. The DNA was extracted from blood and hair bulb and genotyping was done using the 777 HD Illumina chip. The SNPs were submitted to a quality control test using an exclusion criteria: call rate (IDCR) ≤ 90%, MAF ≤ 0.02, call rate (SNPCR) ≤ 0.98 and HWE ≤ 1 x 10-5. After the quality control test the SNPs were submitted to the Cochran-Armitage test to the association of phenotype/genotype in both breeds. The genes differentially expressed and the genes ... / Doutor

The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the influence of reproductive indicators on the economy of cows depending on the 1st calving of heifers. In the set of cows were comapred the costs of heifers rearing up to 1st calving, longevity costs, sales and costs of weaned calves, and complete result of economy in the groups.

The aim of this work was to analyze selected effects on the growth of calves of a selected herd of aberdeen angus cattle in Mýto farm in Hořice na Šumavě for the monitored period of 6 years (2012 - 2017). A total of 242 pure-bred calves of the aberdeen angus breed born during the reference period was included in the evaluation. Birth weight, weight at 120, 210 and 365 days were determined in calves. Subsequently, the group of calves was sorted by sex, year of birth, month of birth, birth order, father's individuality and mother's exterior. The data were statistically processed in Microsoft Excel and evaluated in Statsoft Statistica. When confronted with the national average published in the KUMP deadlines, the observed calves always had a lower birth weight, but higher weight at 120, 210 and 365 days. When evaluating the effect of the year of birth on calf growth, it was found that calves born in 2012 and 2013 achieved the best results. The best months for calving aberdeen angus breeds on the monitored breed were February to April. In terms of birth order, calves born to cows after the third calving achieved the best results. The worst results were achieved by calves from heifers and cows after the ninth calving. The best breeding-bull in breed regarding to the growth ability of calves was the sire ZAA 916. The PAA 027 sire showed the best results in terms of ease of delivery. There was no significant difference in the effect of maternal exterior on the growth ability of calves.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Alberta, 2009. / Title from pdf file main screen (viewed on Aug. 14, 2009). "A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate Studies and Research in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Animal Science, Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta." Includes bibliographical references.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-08-13T14:50:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2013-05-23Bitstream added on 2014-08-13T18:00:35Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000758023_20160523.pdf: 340042 bytes, checksum: 9282dceda721f0696e2c05e88b75c33d (MD5) Bitstreams deleted on 2016-05-23T16:38:29Z: 000758023_20160523.pdf,. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2016-05-23T16:39:07Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000758023.pdf: 922794 bytes, checksum: bee1fddc26f377d60fa6ac89017b5dc1 (MD5) / O crescimento folicular em bovinos ocorre em um padrão de ondas que pode variar de 2 a 3 por ciclo estral e caracteriza-se pelo crescimento sincrônico de um grupo de folículos antrais, onde apenas um se tornará dominante. A quantidade de folículos recrutados é variável entre os animais, porém apresenta alta repetibilidade entre os indivíduos. Animais Bos indicus apresentam maior quantidade de folículos recrutados por onda que animais Bos taurus. Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho, (1) identificar fêmeas das raças Nelore (Bos indicus) e Aberdeen Angus (Bos taurus), que possuam elevado ou reduzido número de folículos recrutados por onda e relacionar o número de folículos à concentração plasmática do hormônio anti-mulleriano (AMH); (2) relacionar o numero de folículos antrais à fertilidade de fêmeas Nelore e; (3) determinar se o tratamento superestimulatório altera as concentrações plasmáticas de AMH em vacas Nelore. No experimento 1, contagem do numero de folículos antrais das fêmeas Nelore (n=20) e Angus (n=30) foi feita por duas avaliações ultrassonográficas (US). Considerando a média  EPM da contagem de folículos antrais de cada raça, as novilhas foram classificas em alta contagem folicular (ACF; n= 9 novilhas Nelore e 15 Angus) ou baixa contagem folicular (BCF; n= 11 novilhas Nelore e 15 Angus). O AMH foi mensurado por Elisa em uma amostra de sangue coletada durante a ultima US. No experimento 2, foram utilizadas novilhas da raça Nelore (n=86) submetidas a um protocolo de inseminação artificial em tempo fixo (IATF). As novilhas foram classificadas (avaliação US no D0 da IATF) em 3 grupos: ACF (>40 folículos; n=29), intermediário (ICF;>20 e <40 folículos; n=34) e BCF (<20 folículos; n=23). No experimento 3, foram utilizadas 20 vacas da raça Nelore de ICF e ACF. Os animais foram separados pela contagem folicular e distribuídos em 2 grupos: Grupo controle IATF (n=9) e grupo P36 (superestimuladas ... / In bovines follicular development happens in a wave pattern that can vary from two to three waves per estral cycle with a group of follicles growing simultaneously but with only ano becoming the dominat follicle. The number of recruited follicle is highly variable between animal; however it is highly repeatable within an animal. Bos indicus animals present greater number of follicles per wave than Bos taurus animals. The objective of the present study was 1) identify animals from the Nelore and Abeerden Angus breed that have high or low number of follicles recruited per follicle wave and relate the number of follicles with AMH concentration; 2) to relate the number of antral follicles with the fertility of Nelore females; 3) to determine if the superstimulatory treatment alters the plasmatic concentrations of AMH. In experiment 1 the follicle count in Nelore and Angus heifers was done through two ultrasound examinations (US). Considering the mean + SEM of the follicle count in each breed, the heifers were grouped in high (HFC) or low (LFC) follicle count. Plasmatic AMH was measured in a blood smple drawn at the last US. In Experiment 2, there were used Nelore heifers submitted to a TFAI protocol. Heifers were grouped in HFC (>40 follicles), intermediary (>20 an <40 follicle) and LFC (<20 follicle). In experiment 3, Nelore cows with high and intermediary follicles counts were used. Animals were separated in control TFAI group and P36 group. Blood samples for AMH measurement were collected on day 5 (P36) and on day 8 (TFAI and P36). Result from experiment 1 were analyzed using ANOVA. Experiment 2 was analyzed using a logistic regression and experiment 3 was ...

Made available in DSpace on 2016-05-17T16:51:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-02-27. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2016-05-17T16:54:36Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000863483.pdf: 1230854 bytes, checksum: 5f969e218afa238395f61e6225eb65c2 (MD5) / Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) / Animais com alta população folicular (APF) antral possuem melhor desempenho reprodutivo quando comparados a animais de baixa população folicular (BPF). Essa variação no número de folículos antrais pode estar associada a diferentes perfis hormonais e de expressão de genes reguladores da ativação e crescimento folicular. Objetivou-se com o presente trabalho: 1) avaliar o perfil global de expressão gênica de folículos antrais em animais com APF e BPF nas raças Nelore (Bos indicus) e Aberdeen Angus (Bos taurus) e 2) identificar diferenças genotípicas através de um estudo de associação genômica (GWAS - Genome Wide Association Study) usando polimorfismos de nucleotídeo de sítio único (SNPs). Inicialmente foram avaliadas 155 novilhas da raça Nelore e 132 da raça Angus com idade e peso semelhantes. Os animais foram sincronizados e a contagem dos folículos realizada através de ultrassonografia 24 a 48 horas após o início do estro. Os grupos APF e BPF foram formados com base na média do número de folículos ± desvio padrão nas duas raças. Para avaliar o perfil global de expressão gênica usou-se a técnica do microarranjo. Um total de 15 novilhas Nelore (6 APF e 9 BPF) e 17 novilhas Angus (9 APF e 8 BPF) foram abatidas 12 a 24 horas após a ovulação e os ovários transportados ao laboratório. Foi realizado um pool de RNA extraído de três folículos (≤ 4 mm) individualmente (um pool por animal) dissecados do ovário. A análise dos dados procedeu-se no FlexArray 1.6.1.1 e os genes com fold change > 1,5 e P ≤ 0,05 foram considerados diferencialmente expressos. Para o estudo de GWAS 72 novilhas da raça Nelore (32 APF e 40 BPF) e 48 da raça Angus (21APF e 27 BPF) foram selecionadas. O DNA foi extraído do sangue e/ou bulbo capilar e a genotipagem foi realizada com o chip 777 HD bovine Illumina®. Os SNPs foram submetidos ao controle de qualidade usando como critérios de exclusão: call rate (IDCR) ≤ 90%,... / Animals with high antral follicle count (HFC) have a better reproductive performance when compared with animals with low follicle count (LFC). This variation in the number of antral follicles can be associated with different hormonal profiles and expression of genes regulating activation and follicular growth. The objective of the present work was: 1) to evaluate the global gene expression of antral follicles in animals with HFC and LFC in Nelore (Bos indicus) and Aberdeen Angus (Bos taurus) heifers and 2) to identify genotypic differences through a genomic wide association study (GWAS) using single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP). Initially, 155 Nelore heifers and 132 Angus heifers with similar body weight and age were selected. The animals were synchronized and follicle count was done through ultrasound 24 to 48 h after estrus. The groups LFC and HFC were formed using the average of follicles ± standard deviation in both breeds. To evaluate the global gene expression profile we use a microarray chip. A total of 15 Nelore heifers (6 HFC and 9 LFC) and 17 Angus heifers (9 HFC and 8 LFC) were slaughter 12 to 24 h after ovulation and ovaries were transported to the laboratory. A pool of RNA from three follicles (< 4 mm) from each animal was used to the analysis using FlexArray 1.6.1.1 and the genes with fold change > 1.5 and P ≤ 0.05 were considered differentially expressed. For the GWAS study 72 Nelore heifers (32 HFC and 40 LFC) and 48 Angus heifers (21 HFC and 27 LFC) were selected. The DNA was extracted from blood and hair bulb and genotyping was done using the 777 HD Illumina chip. The SNPs were submitted to a quality control test using an exclusion criteria: call rate (IDCR) ≤ 90%, MAF ≤ 0.02, call rate (SNPCR) ≤ 0.98 and HWE ≤ 1 x 10-5. After the quality control test the SNPs were submitted to the Cochran-Armitage test to the association of phenotype/genotype in both breeds. The genes differentially expressed and the genes ... / FAPESP: 11/17370-0

The effects of month on body weight, body condition scores, internal parasite prevalence and on nutritionally related blood metabolites were studied in Angus, Bonsmara and Nguni steers raised on sweet veld. Pre-slaughter stress was also determined using catecholamines, cortisol, dopamine, packed cell volume and serum creatinine levels. The blood chemical constituents evaluated included glucose, cholesterol, total protein, creatinine, urea, globulin, albumin, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, aspartate amino transferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and creatinine kinase (CK). The Nguni steers maintained their body condition throughout the study period whereas Angus steers had the least body condition scores. Parasite levels were high during the rainy season and low during the dry season. The predominant internal parasites were Haemonchus (39.3 percent), Trichostrongylus (37.8 percent), Cooperia pectinita (25.5 percent), Fasciola gigantica (16.3 percent) and Ostertagia ostertagi (11.2 percent). The Nguni had the least parasite infestation levels and had high PCV levels. Nguni had higher levels of cholesterol and glucose (2.86 and 4mmol/l, respectively) than the other two breeds. Nguni and Bonsmara steers had higher (P<0.05) mineral levels. There were significant breed and month differences for glucose, cholesterol, creatinine, calcium, albumin, phosphorus, albumin-globulin ratio and ALP levels. Bonsmara was more susceptible to transport and pre-slaughter stress as it had the highest (P<0.05) levels of adrenalin (10.8nmol/mol), noradrenalin (9.7nmol/mol) and dopamine (14.8nmol/mol) levels, whereas the Nguni had the least levels of adrenalin (6.5nmol/mol), noradrenalin (4.6nmol/mol) and dopamine (4nmol/mol) levels. In conclusion, Nguni steers were better adapted to the local environmental conditions

The Master´s thesis is focus on intensity of growth of Aberdeen Angus breed in organic breeding's. In thesis is observed influence of sire, year, sex and breeding on weight of descendants. The animal weights were gained from yield inspections of beef cattle. Descendants were observed in four organic breeding's which are situated in region Zlín. Influence of sire on birth weight descendants very often reach highly important differences (p < 0,01). Effect of sire on weight (at birth, 120, 210 and 365 days) was influenced by number of descendants from particular father. In individual breeding's were used different number of sires. In 2011 was manifested significant decline of birth weight (p < 0,01) on all farms and average birth weight was 35,96 +- 1,96 kg. Weights in rest of check periods mostly reached the highest values in last four years. The birth weight of all breeding's was quite equable 37,28 - 39,37 kg. At farms A (404,09 kg), B (416,18 kg) and C (416,28) was annual weights of animals over 400 kg and at farm D was the lowest annual weight of animals 336,13 kg. The weights were influenced by number of weighted animals in 365th day of life

The aim of this diploma work was to analyse the results of the Aberdeen Angus meet oxherd breeding in an ecological farming with the welfare relationship to the animals and at the same time to compare the efficiency after the system change of the farming at the farm Angus, Rančice, owned by Šebelka. The research was done in the period of years 2006 ? 2011. The survey range includes 65 heads of thorough-bred cows as well as 204 heads of Aberdeen Angus calves born in the tracked period. The number of births, the birth process, and the age before lay out and related reasons were recorded by the cows. By the calves we noted the live mass and average daily gain in the growth process. The range of the calves was then sorted our by year of the birth, gender, rank of the birth, by genitors and by the way of farming. The data entries were elaborated in the MICROSOFT EXCEL and evaluated in STATISTICA 7 CZ. The number of spontaneous birth without cowman assist equals 94,12%, only 4,41% of births required the necessary support. By the monitored number of calves no matter of the gender was noted the lowest and the highest live mass by the birth in the year 2007 (36,81 kg resp. 38,77 kg). The group of calves born in 2010 reached the highest average weight in 120 days as well as in 210 days (192,27 kg resp. 309,04 kg). The lowest average weight in 120 days was noticed in year 2009 (168,96 kg), in 210 day in 2008 (262,31 kg). The best growth ability from the birth to 120 days was by the group of calves born in 2010 (1,409 kg) compared to the lowest result in 2009 (1,099 kg). The average daily gain from 120 till 210 days reached its minimum in 2009 (1,171 kg), the maximum numbers were noted in 2010 (1,412 kg). The growth intensity from the birth till 210 days circulated in the range of 1,071 kg (2008) and 1,377 kg (2010). In the ecological agriculture system were noted statistical better efficiency results (live mass, growth intensity) compared to conventional agriculture system.

The purpose of this thesis was to evaluate the level of performance of Aberdeen Angus beef cattle breed bred in Less-favoured areas in southern Bohemia. This evaluation was carried out on Mr. Lepša?s farm in the years 2010 and 2011. 74 basic herd cows and 108 purebred calves born during this period were selected for this purpose. The date of birth, number of births, age at first calving and the average time interval between calving were checked on cows and the date of birth, the weight at birth and the weight in the age of 120 and 210 days were checked on calves. Average daily increments in the interval from birth to 120 days of age, from 120 to 210 days of age and from the day of birth to 210 days were calculated. The group of calves was sorted out by following parameters. Year of birth; sex and year of birth; month of birth; order of calving of the mother. Microsoft Excel was used for processing the statistic data. Basic statistical characteristics for the monitored parameters were calculated and differences between groups were verified by single-factor analysis of variance (F-test) and paired t-tests for the corresponding levels of significance. Breeding cows were evaluated by age and number of births. Cows with 1 (23%) or 2 (17.6%) births are represented in the largest number in the herd including even the cows with 15 births. Cows at first calving reached an average age of 813 days and average length of the interval between calving was 393 days. Calves regardless of sex reached the average birth weight of 33.72 kg in the year 2010, 33.31 kg in 2011, in 120 days of age the average live weight reached 207.95 kg in 2010, 202.94 kg in 2011 and calves in 210 days of age reached an average weight of 309.61 kg in 2010 and in 2011 306.09 kg. Average daily gain of calves from birth to 120 days reached 1451 g in 2010, 1.413 g in 2011, between 120 and 210 days of age the average daily gain was 1413 g in 2010, 1169 in 2011 and in the period from birth to 210 days of age it was 1314 g in 2010 and 1299 g in 2011. Analysis of breeding from economic perspective by comparing revenues (including subventions) and expenditures in each year resulted in findings that the breeding is moderately profitable and it follows that without subventions which constitute an important part of the revenue would be difficult to realize this breeding.