Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Washington, 1998. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves [84]-91).

Thesis (Ph.D.)--New York University, 2007. / Adviser: Chris Straayer. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.A.)--The Master's College, 2007. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 117-119).

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, Santa Cruz, 1991. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin--Madison, 1949. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves i-iii).

Spore abortion rate was studied for a total of 109 samples belonging to 23 fern taxa. The resulting abortion rate was compared within several reproductive and phylogenetic groups. The method of spore abortion estimation was optimized by analyzing the amount of spores needed as well as the potential differences within frond.

120 f. / Submitted by Ana Valéria de Jesus Moura (anavaleria_131@hotmail.com) on 2013-05-27T16:28:25Z No. of bitstreams: 1 RENATO MENDES - DISSERTAÇÃO.pdf: 1002849 bytes, checksum: 3f35c8464158590e8c99f020ba512f51 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Ana Valéria de Jesus Moura(anavaleria_131@hotmail.com) on 2013-05-27T16:29:54Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 RENATO MENDES - DISSERTAÇÃO.pdf: 1002849 bytes, checksum: 3f35c8464158590e8c99f020ba512f51 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2013-05-27T16:29:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 RENATO MENDES - DISSERTAÇÃO.pdf: 1002849 bytes, checksum: 3f35c8464158590e8c99f020ba512f51 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013 / Este trabalho analisa os aspectos legais, princípios e axiomas jurídicos diante do julgamento da Arguição de Descumprimento de Preceito Fundamental 54 no Supremo Tribunal Federal, referente à descriminalização do aborto de feto anencéfalo, por conta da ação da Confederação Nacional dos Trabalhadores da Saúde. Para justificar o posicionamento final adotado neste estudo a respeito da temática central, perante o discurso jurídico de aborto de anencéfalos, qual seja, a inadequação do decisum pela Suprema Corte frente à defesa da vida humana, frisam-se as conquistas constitucionais, o respeito à separação dos Poderes, tendo por consequência ilegitimidade da Corte Máxima para admissão de terceira hipótese de abortamento e a valoração jurídica pela sociedade brasileira do bem supremo da vida humana; enfatiza a necessidade de invocação de princípios, observados como máximas de otimização; destaca a prevalência do princípio da dignidade da pessoa humana como um verdadeiro norteador dos demais; verifica que os princípios gerais do Direito, incluindo-se ainda os princípios bioéticos, são de suma importância para a proteção do bem maior defendido pelo princípio basilador da dignidade da pessoa humana: a preservação da vida humana. A necessidade de proteção da vida humana é corroborada com o método da redução eidética de Edmund Husserl, posto que seu enfoque central se define, na análise reducionista, pela existência de vida humana e ainda pelo denominado bioconsequencialismo. Demonstra que o caminho de autorização do abortamento de anencéfalos escolhido pela Suprema Corte causa risco aos nascituros brasileiros, como já averiguado pela propositura do anteprojeto de Reforma de Código Penal em malefício dos embriões. Finalmente, ressalta que a problemática tem incomodado diversos setores sociais, que reagem ao dilema, a ponto de ser discutido no Congresso Nacional a promulgação do Estatuto do Nascituro. / Salvador

According to a 2017 study conducted by the Guttmacher Institute, roughly one in four women will have an abortion in their lifetime. Despite how incredibly common of an experience it is, one almost never hears abortion talked about on an individual basis. This study seeks to find out why people who’ve had abortions do or don’t talk about them, and why, as well as what, if anything, can and needs to be done to change the conversational landscape around abortion. I used qualitative methods to conduct seven participant-led interviews with different people who have had abortions. My findings show that people don’t talk about their abortions for a variety of reasons, including but not limited to: fear of stigma, feeling there’s no non-“awkward” way to bring it up in conversation, and simply not really thinking about it that often. My participants also described a variety of ideas for fighting this stigma, primarily through connecting with, talking with, listening to, and being a source of mutual support for other people who have also had abortions. Because I used a participatory-action model of methods, my participants and I worked to put some of their ideas into action after the conclusion of our interviews.

CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior / Tratou-se de estudo com abordagem quantitativa, transversal, do tipo levantamento, que teve como objetivo geral investigar sobre a prÃtica do aborto provocado e sua relaÃÃo com a gravidez nÃo planejada, comparativamente com o aborto espontÃneo e como objetivos especÃficos analisar aspectos demogrÃficos, socioeconÃmicos e reprodutivos comparativamente ao aborto provocado e espontÃneo; verificar o conhecimento e a prÃtica anticoncepcional prÃvia a gestaÃÃo interrompida por aborto provocado e por aborto espontÃneo e conhecer os meios utilizados na prÃtica do aborto provocado e os motivos determinantes. Foi realizado no Hospital Distrital Gonzaga Mota da Barra do Cearà e no Hospital Geral Dr. Cesar Cals (HGCC), de junho a dezembro de 2011. A populaÃÃo correspondeu Ãs mulheres em abortamento com idade maior ou igual a 18 anos atendidas nos respectivos hospitais no perÃodo da coleta de dados. A entrevista seguiu um formulÃrio estruturado, que foi prÃ-testado. Finalizou-se o estudo com 70 participantes, sendo 33 (47,1%) mulheres que tiveram aborto provocado e 37 (52,9%) aborto espontÃneo. Os dados receberam tratamento estatÃstico descritivo e as comparaÃÃes das mÃdias dessas variÃveis e o tipo de aborto foram realizados por meio do teste t de Student para dados independentes e com variÃncia desiguais (analisadas pelo teste de Levene). Compararam-se, somente para aborto provocado, as porcentagens das variÃveis dicotÃmicas por meio do teste z para proporÃÃes. As anÃlises de associaÃÃes entre tipo de abortamento e as variÃveis nominais foram realizadas por meio do &#61539;2 e de razÃo de verossimilhanÃa. Calcularam-se as razÃes de chances (RC) com seus respectivos IC95% entre tipo de abortamento e essas variÃveis. Consideraram-se como estatisticamente significantes as analises com p<0,05. Dentre as variÃveis demogrÃficas e socioeconÃmicas, somente a mÃdia do nÃmero de pessoas na famÃlia apresentou associaÃÃo com o tipo de aborto (p= 0,042). Com relaÃÃo Ãs variÃveis reprodutivas e condiÃÃo de uniÃo, houve associaÃÃo entre planejamento da gravidez e tipo de aborto (p<0,001) (RC=2,4; IC95%: 1,7-3,3). Isto evidencia que a gravidez nÃo planejada foi um fator de risco para o aborto provocado. A mÃdia do tempo de uniÃo das que tiveram aborto espontÃneo foi maior do que aquelas de aborto provocado (p= 0,041). ParticipaÃÃo masculina na decisÃo pelo aborto mostrou-se como fator de risco para o aborto provocado (p=0,002). Nenhuma variÃvel relacionada à informaÃÃo e acesso ao MAC em uso prÃvio ao aborto foi significativa para o tipo de aborto. Houve associaÃÃo entre uso de AOC e tipo de aborto, sendo o uso de AOC fator protetor ao aborto provocado (p=0,040). Pensamento mÃgico de acreditar que a gravidez nÃo ocorreria consigo foi significante com o tipo de aborto (p=0,003). ChÃs e misoprostol foram os meios mais referidos pelas mulheres para provocar o aborto, sendo os motivos para provocÃ-lo a baixa condiÃÃo financeira, seguida do relacionamento instÃvel e do despreparo para cuidar da crianÃa. Concluiu-se que promover aÃÃes efetivas de planejamento familiar, com prioridade para as populaÃÃes mais carentes e com estratÃgias que garantam a participaÃÃo masculina representam meios para reduzir o aborto provocado. / This is a research study with quantitative and transversal approach aiming to investigate the induction of abortion and its relationship with an unplanned pregnancy, in comparison with natural abortion. It also aimed to analyse the demographic, socioeconomic and reproductive aspects of both methods of abortion; verify the knowledge and use of contraceptive methods prior to the interrupted pregnancy through induced and natural abortion and know which methods are used for induced abortion and it motifs. The study took place at the District Hospital Gonzaga Mota in Barra do Cearà and General Hospital Dr. Cesar Cals (HGCC), from June until December of 2011. The population consisted of women in abortion and over 18 years of age who were being assisted at the hospitals during data collection. The interview followed a structured questionnaire that was previously tested. The study consisted in the end with 70 participants, being 33 (47,1%) women who induced abortion and 37 (52,9%) with natural abortion. The data were analysed with descriptive statistics and the comparison of the means of these variables and the type of abortion were done with the Student t test for independent data and with unequal variance (analysed with Leveneâs test). It was compared only for induced abortion, the percentage of dichotomous variables with the z test for proportions. The association analysis between the type of abortion and the nominal variables were conducted with &#61539;2 and likelihood ratio. It was calculated the chance ratios (CR) with its respective IC95% between the type of abortion and these variables. It was considered as statistically significant, analysis with p<0,05. Amongst the demographic and socioeconomic variables, only the average number of people in the family presented association with the type of abortion (p= 0,042). Regarding reproductive variables and marital status, there was an association between planning of a pregnancy and abortion (p<0,001) (RC=2,4; IC95%: 1,7-3,3). This shows that an unplanned pregnancy was a risk factor for induced abortion. The average time of union with their partner was higher in women with natural abortion than in those with induced abortion (p= 0,041). It was shown that the male participation in the decision of an abortion is a risk factor for induced abortion (p= 0,002). Variables regarding information and access to contraceptive methods prior to the abortion were not significant to the type of abortion. There was an association between the use of AOC and type of abortion, being the use of AOC a protective factor to induced abortion (p= 0,040). The belief that a pregnancy would not occur with themselves was significant with the type of abortion (p= 0,003). Herbal teas and misoprostol were the most frequent methods mentioned by the women to induce an abortion, being their low economical situation, followed by an unstable relationship and unpreparedness to take care of a child the main reasons to render towards these methods. It was concluded that promoting effective methods of family planning, prioritizing poorer populations, with strategies that assures male participation represent means to reduce induced abortions.

Bakgrund: Barnmorskor och sjuksköterskor världen över möter och vårdar kvinnor som av olika skäl genomför en inducerad abort. Det kan vara en utmaning som kräver både kunskap och stöd för dem som arbetar inom abortvården. Syfte: Syftet med studien var att belysa barnmorskors och sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att vårda kvinnor i samband med inducerad abort. Ordet erfarenheter innefattar upplevelser och åsikter baserat på erfarenheter. Metod: Studien genomfördes som en kvalitativ metasyntes med metaetnografi som analysmetod. Tjugosju (27) artiklar inkluderades i resultatet. Resultat: Tre huvudkategorier och tio mönster belyser barnmorskors och sjuksköterskors erfarenheter av att vårda kvinnor i samband med inducerad abort. Dessa var att göra ett bra arbete genom att vara ett stöd, att åsidosätta egna värderingar och att skapa goda upplevelser för kvinnan. Barriärer för kvalitativ abortvård i form av negativa attityder från omgivningen, brister i verksamheten, bristande preventivmedelsanvändning, egna känslor och ta emot fostret. Behov hos vårdgivarna i form av stöd och kunskap. Slutsats: Den abortsökande kvinnan är i behov av stöd och icke dömande attityder från vårdgivare. Barnmorskor och sjuksköterskor behöver ha kunskap och få stöd i arbetet med abortvård. Brist på stöd och kunskap hos barnmorskor och sjuksköterskor kan påverka attityder om kvinnors rätt till inducerad abort inom kollegiet på en arbetsplats, vilket i sin tur kan ha en inverkan på den abortsökande kvinnans omvårdnad. / Background : Midwives and nurses all over the world meet with and care for women who, for various reasons, are undergoing induced abortion. It may be a challenge that requires both knowledge and support for those working in abortion care.Objective: To describe midwives and nurses’ experiences of caring for women who undergo induced abortion. The word experience includes perceptions based on experiences. Method: The study was conducted as a qualitative metasynthesis using meta-ethnography as analysis of data. Twenty-seven (27) peer-reviewed scientific articles were included in the result. Result: Three main categories and ten different patterns highlighted the midwives and nurses' experiences of caring for women undergoing an induced abortion. These were doing a good job by being supportive, putting own values aside and with the goal to create good experiences for the woman. Barriers to qualitative abortion care included negative attitudes from the surroundings, own feelings, receiving the fetus and various issues at the abortion care clinics. The third category was the caregivers’ needs which included support and knowledge. Conclusion: The abortion-seeking woman is in need of support and non-judgmental attitudes from caregivers. Midwives and nurses need knowledge and support in the work of abortion care. Lack of support and knowledge can affect midwives and nurses’ attitudes towards induced abortion as a woman’s right, which in turn can affect the women in need of abortion care.