Made available in DSpace on 2016-01-13T13:27:40Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2015-06-18. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2016-01-13T13:33:10Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 000851966.pdf: 2014959 bytes, checksum: 302671e03fe7fdb120d79533d609d563 (MD5) / A pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar os benefícios da existência de refeitórios no local de trablaho e da utilização de Programas de Qualidade no ambiente de trabalho, com enfoque no em estar dos funcionários e índice de acidentes (no local de trabalho e de trajeto). Para consecução dos objetivos foi feita uma revisão bibliográfica referente ao tema e foram pesquisados 15 empresas no interior de São Paulo. As pesquisas nas empresas foram realizadas através de questionários para os responsáveis pelos recursos humanos e para os funcionários das empresas. A inteção foi analisar se existe a correlação entre os acidentes de trabalho típico e de trajeto, com a existência ou não de refeitório no local de trabalho e Programas de Qualidade. Também se buscou analisar a relação dos refeitórios com os aspectos ligados a Qualidade de vida no trabalho (QVT) / The objective of this research is evaluate the benefits of the existence of canteens inside the companies andimplementation of Quality Programs, focusing into the well-being of the employees and index of accidents (commuting and at work place). In order to achieve this objective a bibliographical revision about the subject was made and a study of casein 10 companies in the centre-west region of São Paulo. The study of case had been carried out through two questionnaires, one for the responsible for the human resources and other for the employees. The intention was to analyze if exists correlation among working accidents including commuting accidents and the existence or not canteens and Quality Programs. Also, analyze the relation of the refectories with on aspects the Quality of Life at Work (QLW)

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:24:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2006-02-17Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:52:54Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 nascimento_en_me_mar.pdf: 367171 bytes, checksum: 870be933431a31606656ddca3dd54a4f (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / O objetivo desse estudo foi investigar a formação fonoaudiológica em relação aos acidentes humanos a partir de opiniões de docentes e discentes, além de documentos (matrizes curriculares, ementas e programas das disciplinas e estágios) dos cursos de Fonoaudiologia. Participaram 52 professores e 92 estudantes de três faculdades públicas e três privadas do Estado de São Paulo. Os dados foram coletados com base nos documentos das faculdades e nas respostas dos questionários fornecidos aos participantes. A análise das matrizes curriculares indicou que a carga horária teórica é concentrada nos primeiros anos dos cursos, e os estágios são realizados no final da graduação, o que pode dificultar uma inserção mais prolongada de ações educativas preventivas junto à comunidade. Os programas mostraram a utilização de aulas expositivas como principal método de ensino, além de provas teóricas na avaliação do aprendizado, ao invés de uma participação mais ativa do estudante nas atividades da graduação e do professor como mediador neste processo. As ementas dos cursos apresentaram riqueza de conteúdos sobre aspectos morfológicos e funcionais da cabeça e pescoço, patologias fonoaudiológicas que podem ser causadas por agentes agressores externos, e também conteúdos sobre atenção primária à saúde. Essas questões são relevantes e precisam ser enfatizadas, para que os alunos reconheçam a importância da prevenção de acidentes. Esse estudo evidencia a necessidade de reflexões acerca do modelo atual da formação superior do fonoaudiólogo, para que se possa ampliar e otimizar as oportunidades de atuação educativa/preventiva em relação às demandas sociais que envolvam acidentes humanos. / The purpose of this study was to investigate phonoaudiological education in relation to human accidents based on the opinions of professors and students, and also on Phonoaudiology course documents (curricular matrices, discipline programs and summaries and training periods). The participants were 52 professors and 92 students from three public and three private colleges of the State of Sao Paulo. The data were collected from those documents and the questionnaires answered by the participants. Analysis of the curricular matrices showed that a theoretical schedule load is concentrated in the first-year courses, while training periods are carried out by the end of the graduation program, which may contribute to delay a longer insertion of preventive educational actions into the community. The programs showed the use of lectures as the main education method, as well as theoretical tests for learning evaluation, rather than a more active participation of the student in course activities and the professor as a mediator in this process. The summaries of the courses presented a wealth of contents on the head and neck morphological and functional aspects, phonoaudiological pathologies that can be caused by external aggressive agents, besides contents on primary health attention. These are relevant issues that need to be emphasized, so that the students can recognize the importance of preventing accidents. The present study indicated the necessity to reflect upon the current higher education Phonoaudiology program, so as to extend and optimize the opportunities for educational/preventive performance in relation to the social demands concerning human accidents.

The bus industry is plagued by high accident costs and risks of passenger injuries. A bus simulator may offer a method of reducing accident rates by delivering targeted training to bus drivers who are most at risk. The first part of this thesis describes the design of the UK's first bus simulator, the fidelity of which was based on a thorough analysis of bus crashes. The second part describes the first studies in a multi-staged method to evaluate the training effectiveness of the simulator: face validity, effects of bus driver experience and stress on simulated performance and simulator sickness. This approach ensured that the ABS has a reasonable level of fidelity, is capable of eliciting behaviourally valid responses from bus drivers and is the first step is achieving training transfer effectiveness. The final study investigated the occurrence of self-bias in bus drivers. The conclusions drove the design of simulated scenarios to be used for bus driver training. Keywords: Bus, Simulator, Fidelity, Validity, Accidents, Driving, Stress, Training

This study was undertaken with the aim to develop improved measures of health service utilisation (HSU) and direct medical costs following an index injury, utilising large scale datasets linked via anonymous patient identifiers. A cohort of anonymous injury patients resident in Swansea and attending an emergency department (ED) or admitted to hospital between 01/04/2005 and 31/03/2007 were identified and tracked as they progressed through various treatment stages following their index injury, incorporating ED attendances, inpatient stay and outpatient contacts. To determine the extent of the subsequent HSU and direct medical costs associated with the index injury a unique model was developed whereby the numbers, lengths and treatment costs of health service contacts observed amongst the cohort of injured individuals during the follow-up period were compared with the equivalent figures expected in the absence of an injury. On average each index injury was found to lead to an excess of 0.12 (95% Cl 0.11, 0.13) ED attendances, 0.07 (95% Cl 0.06, 0.08) inpatient admissions, 1.00 (95% Cl 0.78, 1.23) inpatient bed days and 0.55 (95% Cl 0.52, 0.58) outpatient contacts being estimated over the follow-up period. Moreover, every index injury resulted in mean excess ED, inpatient and outpatient treatment costs of £12.05 (95% Cl £11.05, £13.05), £492.43 (95% Cl £415.66, £569.21) and £73.30 (95% Cl £68.44, £78.17), respectively, equating to a combined figure of £577.79 (95% Cl £500.32, £655.26). Across the entire injured cohort this amounts to an overall excess direct medical cost total of £17.6 million being incurred, with the equivalent figure for the whole of Wales potentially being as high as £306.4 million. Together with signifying the magnitude of the HSU and direct medical costs resulting from injury, this study has introduced and implemented improved methods for estimating these outcome measures based on the use of anonymous patient record linkage.

Orientador: Maurício Cesar Delamaro / Banca: Messias Borges Silva / Banca: Jorge Muniz Junior / Banca: Fernando Augusto Silva Marins / Banca: Josimar Ribeiro de Almeida / Resumo: O objetivo desta tese foi identificar e analisar fatores relacionados com o ambiente profissional e pessoal do funcionário que possam contribuir para a ocorrência de quase-acidentes. Para isso foi realizado um estudo de caso em uma equipe operacional de logística de uma indústria química do Vale do Paraíba. O grupo pesquisado era composto de quarenta funcionários que participaram de um programa preventivo para redução de quase-acidentes em 2003. Foram conduzidas entrevistas semi-estruturadas que permitiram obter informações sobre o ambiente profissional e pessoal dos funcionários. Ao analisar o histórico de quase-acidentes ocorridos entre 2002 e 2009 foi possível definir dois grupos distintos: um grupo que não se envolveu com quase-acidentes e outro grupo que se envolveu com pelo menos um quase-acidente. Verificando as informações obtidas nas entrevistas e levando-se em conta os distintos grupos, foi possível identificar fatores com grande potencial para causar quase-acidentes. Analisando ainda os relatórios de segurança do departamento de logística verificou-se um crescimento dos quase-acidentes desde 2003, o que permitiu reaplicar um questionário no grupo pesquisado para verificar quais foram os fatores relacionados com o ambiente organizacional da logística que mais contribuíram para esse crescimento. Os resultados dessa tese confirmam o conceito de que acidentes não são fatalidades, pois as causas podem ser identificáveis eliminando, assim, a idéia de que o risco é um componente intrínseco do trabalho / Abstract: This thesis aims to identify and to analyze factors related with the employee's professional and personal environment that can contribute to the occurrence of near misses. For that a case study was done with an operational logistics team of a chemical industry of Vale do Paraíba. The researched group was composed of forty employees who participated of a preventive program for reduction of near misses in 2003. Semi-structured interviews were done, which allowed in obtaining information on the employees' professional and personal environment. After analyzing the history of near misses happened between 2002 and 2009 two different groups could be defined: a group that was not involved with near misses and other group that was involved with at least one near miss. Verifying the information obtained with interviews and considering the different groups, it was possible to identify factors with great potential to cause near misses. Analyzing the safety reports of the logistics department it was verified a growth of near misses since 2003, what allowed reapply a questionnaire with the group researched to verify which were the factors related with the logistics operational environment that have contributed more to that growth. The results of this thesis confirm the concept that accidents are not fatalities, as the causes can be identifiable, so eliminating the idea that the risk is an intrinsic component of the work / Doutor

Esta dissertação trata do uso de dispositivos de proteção lateral. Tão importante quando o projeto da rodovia é o projeto do seu entorno, que está diretamente relacionada à segurança dos veículos desgovernados que saem da pista, seja qual for o motivo. O entorno viário deve ser tal que as conseqüências da saída de pista sejam minimizadas, provendo um entorno livre de obstáculos (sejam árvores, postes, terrenos não atravessáveis, etc.) que possam causar danos severos aos seus motoristas, ou utilizando dispositivo de proteção lateral, na impossibilidade de eliminar os obstáculos agressivos, como estratégias complementares da redução dos danos decorrentes das saídas de pista. Na revisão bibliográfica realizada, os conceitos básicos relacionados com proteção lateral, critérios de seleção do tipo de dispositivos e de posicionamento, além da análise das recomendações para os tratamentos de segurança dos dispositivos de drenagem, foram analisados com o objetivo de identificar os estudos que deram origem aos critérios recomendados tradicionalmente (procurando destacar os pontos importantes que esclarecem a aplicação de tais critérios). Além das recomendações tradicionais, também foram analisados os modelos compreensivos, que tratam de forma mais explícita as saídas de pista e a presença dos dispositivos de proteção lateral, considerando o produto de probabilidades condicionais que envolvem as probabilidades de ocorrência de saídas de pista, a probabilidade da saída de pista estar na envoltória do obstáculo, a probabilidade da distância lateral de saída de pista ser suficiente para haver um impacto, a probabilidade de ocorrência de danos ao motorista e seus ocupantes e o custo associados a estes danos. O trabalho de campo desenvolvido analisou a prática do uso de dispositivos de proteção lateral em uma rodovia paulista examinando a observância às recomendações para o uso de dispositivo de proteção lateral e analisando a relação entre as recomendações para o uso de proteção lateral e a ocorrência de acidentes. Os resultados obtidos demonstram que existe carência de aplicação em locais onde os dispositivos são recomendados pelos critérios tradicionais e por critérios ampliados. Estes critérios tradicionais e ampliados foram também comparados baseados nos conceitos de sensibilidade e especificidade, porém, pouco se pode concluir com a utilização dos dados de acidentes obtidos. / This research provides a review of the recommended criteria for the use of lateral safety devices. As important as the roadway design is the roadside design, that is directly related to the safety of vehicles that encroach on the roadside, regardless of the reason. The roadside must mitigate the consequences of run-off-the-road accidents, providing a contiguous area free of obstacles (trees, poles, unrecoverable grounds, etc.) which can cause severe injury to the vehicle occupants, or deploying lateral protective devices, when it is impossible to remove the hazards, both as complementary strategies for reducing damages from run-off-the road accidents. In the literature review, the basic concepts related to roadside protection, the warrants for selecting the type and placement of devices, besides the analysis of recommendation for the safety treatment of drainage devices, were analyzed to identify the studies which gave rise to the traditionally recommended criteria (trying to emphasize the important points that explain the application of such criteria). In addition to traditional recommendations, the comprehensive models were also analyzed, which deals more explicitly with the encroachments and the presence of lateral safety devices as the product of conditional probabilities that involve the encroachment probability, the probability of the encroachment occurring in a hazard envelope, the probability that the vehicle will encroach laterally far enough to reach the hazard, the probability of injury to the driver and passengers, and the cost associated with this injury. Then, the field work analyzed the practice on the use of lateral protective devices in a highway of the State of São Paulo, examining the observance to recommended criteria for using lateral protective devices and analyzing the relationship between the recommendations for the use of lateral protective devices and accident history. The results have shown that there is a deficit in the deployment on sites where the devices were recommended by traditional criteria and improved criteria. This traditional and improved criteria was also compared based on sensitivity and specificity concept, but no valuable conclusions was obtained with the use of accident data available.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:25:59Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:01:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 00927.pdf: 3515685 bytes, checksum: 60c386a1c857d91589c519d02149d84c (MD5) / Dissertacao (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:38:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:04:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 05655.pdf: 6224612 bytes, checksum: 86a04b4dcc94dbc7c8ce73759afdf4b2 (MD5) / Dissertacao (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP

Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T12:37:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 / Made available in DSpace on 2014-10-09T14:09:08Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 04785.pdf: 3458454 bytes, checksum: 560fdc27a291126a48fceeb5a4a5137a (MD5) / Dissertacao (Mestrado) / IPEN/D / Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN/CNEN-SP

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:29:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-02-10Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:39:12Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 nobrejunior_hb_me_botfm.pdf: 1396437 bytes, checksum: 0677bf44a2f13606776c918363a56a97 (MD5) / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) / Estudar as análises dos acidentes do trabalho em prensas realizadas por Auditores Fiscais do Trabalho e armazenadas no banco de dados do Ministério do Trabalho e Emprego (MTE). Conhecer os fatores causais dos acidentes com prensas analisados pela auditoria fiscal do trabalho, visando subsidiar medidas para a prevenção de acidentes e estudar as referidas análises, buscando contribuir para o aperfeiçoamento do sistema de informações de análises de acidentes do MTE. As informações das análises de acidentes com prensas armazenadas no banco de dados do MTE foram tratadas e estudadas, possibilitando que os fatores causais inseridos pelos analistas fossem identificados. Ademais, as descrições dos respectivos acidentes foram analisadas, permitindo ao autor reclassificar os fatores causais e compará-los com aqueles inseridos pelos auditores no sistema. Foram estudadas 148 análises armazenadas no banco de dados do MTE no Brasil, sendo 71 no Estado de São Paulo, no período de 2001 a 2006. A média de fatores causais por análise em São Paulo foi de 3,73 e nos demais Estados foi de 5,35. Nas análises realizadas no Estado de São Paulo e nos demais Estados, a ausência/inadequação de sistema ou de dispositivo de proteção por concepção (12,45%, 14,32%) e o modo operatório perigoso ou inadequado à segurança (8,68%, 7,52%) foram os fatores causais mais freqüentes. Na classificação realizada pelo autor, a partir das descrições dos auditores, a ausência/ inadequação de sistema ou de dispositivo de proteção por concepção e o modo operatório perigoso ou inadequado à segurança corresponderam, respectivamente, a 18,44% e 15,57% nos demais Estados e 21,97% e 14,35% no Estado de São Paulo. As prensas mecânicas excêntricas de engate por chaveta foram aquelas mais envolvidas nos acidentes... / Studying the analyses of the labor accidents in presses performed by Labor Inspectors and stored in the database of the Labor Ministry (MTE). Knowing the casual factors of the accidents with presses accomplished by the labor inspection, aiming to subsidize measures in order to prevent accidents and to study the referred analyses looking for contributions on the improvement of the information system of analyses of accidents of MTE. The information of the analyses of accidents with presses stored in the database of MTE were treated and studied, making it possible for the causal factors inserted by the analysts to be identified. Besides, the descriptions of the respective accidents were analyzed, allowing the author to re-classify those factors and compare them to the ones inserted in the system by the inspectors. 148 analyses stored in the database of MTE in Brazil were studied and from them, 71 were studied in the State of São Paulo from 2001 to 2006. The average of causal factors in the State of São Paulo was 3,73 by accident and in the other States of Brazil was of 5,35. In the analyses performed the State of São Paulo and in the other States, the absence or system inadequacy or of protection device for conception (12,45%, 14,32%) plus either the dangerous or inadequate operative way to safety (8,68%, 7,52%) were the most frequent casual factors. Based on the inspectors’ descriptions, in the classification performed by the author, the absence or system inadequacy or of protection device for conception plus either the dangerous or inadequate operative way to safety corresponded respectively to 18,44% and 15,57% in the other States of Brazil and 21,97% and 14,35% in the State of São Paulo. The eccentric mechanic clamp presses for cotter were the most involved ones in accidents. Most of the analyses studied were related... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)