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No description available.

No description available.

This phenomenological study used qualitative research methods to explore the perceptions of tenured science faculty regarding the provision of reasonable accommodations for students with disabilities. Thirteen tenured science faculty at postsecondary institutions throughout the United States participated in one-on-one interviews. The participants provided their perceptions and experiences regarding the provision of academic accommodations for students with disabilities in a laboratory science. In these interviews key themes emerged, such as the importance of providing reasonable accommodations for successful academic outcomes for students with disabilities, the perception that providing reasonable accommodations to students with disabilities is fair, the concern that providing reasonable accommodations may not prepare students with disabilities for future endeavors, the perception that the processes and procedures regarding student accommodations are vague, the recognition that faculty members are legally obligated to provide reasonable accommodations to students with disabilities, and the challenges faced with providing reasonable accommodations to students with disabilities in the laboratory portion of science courses are discipline specific. The findings from my study can be used to provide support and mentorship for students with disabilities who are enrolled in science courses, provide science faculty with training regarding appropriate and inclusive teaching strategies for students with disabilities in science courses, and provide insights into ways to support science faculty with the challenges they encounter while providing reasonable accommodations to students with disabilities in the laboratory portion of their courses that are discipline specific.

Arbetstagare med en neuropsykiatrisk funktionsnedsättning (NPF), har ibland särskilda utmaningar som kan försvåra en anställning. Med rätt stöd och anpassning från chefen kan dessa individer dock ofta prestera på samma nivå som andra. För att se hur chefer ställer sig till medarbetare med en NPF-diagnos lyder forskningsfrågan: Hur ser chefers inställning ut gentemot arbetstagare med NPF? En kvalitativ intervjustudie genomfördes med sex deltagare som bestod av chefer inom offentlig- samt privat sektor. Intervjuerna bestod av 20 öppna frågor och analyserades genom tematisk analys. Huvudresultatet visade att deltagarna hade en relativt öppen inställning till att ha medarbetare med en NPF-diagnos, däremot återfanns fler faktorer som påverkade deltagarnas inställning, så som rädslor, kommunikation och bristande resurser. Slutsatsen visade att inställningen inte handlade om bristande vilja, utan svårigheter att veta hur man ska gå tillväga vilket implicerar vikten av ökade resurser i form av ökad kunskap och representation. / Employees with a neurodevelopmental disorder (NPF) can have specific challenges that can make employment more difficult. With the right support and accommodation from their manager, these individuals can often perform as well as others. To investigate how managers perceive employees with NPF, the research question reads: What are the managers' attitudes towards employees with NPF? A qualitative study was conducted with six participants. The participants consisted of managers from the public- as well as private sectors. The interviews consisted of 20 open-ended questions and were analysed using thematic analysis. The result indicated that the participants had a relatively open attitudes regarding employees with NPF, however it was recovered that it was more factors than the participants attitude for example fears, communication and lack of resources. The conclusion implies that the attitudes were not primarily about lacking will, but difficulties in knowing how to approach it, and implies the importance of knowledge and representation.

No description available.

When students with disabilities are included in general education classes, collaboration between special and general education teachers is necessary to ensure that the students have access to the general education curriculum and also have supports that enable them to benefit from their education. This paper reports the results of a phenomenological study that investigated the nature of a collaborative planning experience for pairs of special and general education teachers. From the teachers' descriptions of their experience, sharing common philosophies about educating students with disabilities was an important aspect of successful collaborative planning. Collaboration in this experience was voluntary and was defined by teachers contributing professional expertise, defining problems to address, and expressing commitment to solve or address the identified problems.

Students with disabilities at the postsecondary level face a number of different barriers to accommodation use. Past research has shown that students with disabilities that use accommodations obtain greater academic achievement and higher graduation rates. Limited research has been conducted to identify barriers to accommodation use, and the research that has been conducted has not sampled a population that was specifically identified as having faced barriers to accommodation use. By interviewing students with disabilities, who had been identified as having faced barriers, this study identified seven themes. Four of the identified themes were considered complex as they contained sub-themes, while the other three themes were more straightforward and contained no sub-themes. The four complex themes were Desire for Self-Sufficiency, Desire to Avoid Negative Social Reactions, Insufficient Knowledge, and Quality and Usefulness of DSS and Accommodations. The three straightforward themes were Negative Experiences with Professors, Fear of Future Ramifications, and Accommodations are Not Needed. It is hoped that the findings of this study help both disability support service providers and students with disabilities in making better and more informed decisions regarding barriers to accommodation use.

English learners (ELs) represent one of the fastest growing student populations in the United States. Given that language can serve as a barrier in EL performance, test accommodations are provided to help level the playing field and allow ELs to better demonstrate their true performance level. Test accommodations on the computer offer the ability to collect new types of data difficult to obtain via paper-and-pencil tests. Specifically, these data can be used as additional sources of validity evidence when examining test accommodations. To date, limited research has examined computer-based accommodations, thus limiting these additional sources of validity evidence. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the validity of computer-based test accommodations on high school History and Math assessments using evidence based on response processes, specifically accommodation use and response time. Two direct linguistic accommodations, non-ELs, two EL groups, and five research questions were investigated in this study. Accommodation use results indicated significant differences in use across the three student groups, with ELs using accommodations more frequently than non-ELs. However, there were still high percentages of all three groups not accessing any accommodations on individual items. Accommodation use was more common on History than on Math, and decreased as the assessment progressed. Results suggest future research focus on students actually using the accommodations when conducting research on the effectiveness of accommodations. Response time results showed ELs taking longer to process test items as compared to non-ELs regardless of receiving test accommodations. Receiving accommodations significantly impacted processing time for some of the items on History, but not on Math. Similarly, History showed a relationship between the number of accommodations on test items and response time, but Math did not. These results suggested that the Math content knowledge may have played a larger role in response time than the accommodations. Positive relationships between test performance and response time were found in both subject areas. The most common predictors of both accommodation use and response time across both subject areas were sex, Hispanic status, and socioeconomic status. Implications of the results and suggestions for future research are discussed.

Using autoethnography, combined with qualitative data collected through innovative online methods, this dissertation explores the experience of navigating the emotional geographic space of graduate school for non-visibly disabled students such as learning disabilities, and mental health disabilities at two southern Ontario universities. Autoethnography merges tenets of ethnography and autobiography to allow researchers to prioritize their own experiences as valuable data and “making it possible to construct the ethnographic scenes that happened and the fictional scenes that didn’t—but could have” (Ellis, 2004, p. xx). As such, the work produced by autoethnography is “expressive rather than representational” (Kiesinger, 1998, p. 74) This dissertation is a narrative based on real and fictionalized events told through dialogue between the author, a composite character, and six co-participant graduate students who provide their stories through e-mails and a collaborative blog. Academic literature, observations, areas for future research, and recommendations are woven into the dialogue and layered throughout the dissertation in non-dialogic sections. Davidson and Milligan (2004) posits, “Our emotional relations and interactions weave through and help form the fabric of our unique personal geographies” (p. 523). By focusing on unacknowledged and misunderstood “emotional labor” (managing emotions in paid work environments) and emotion work (managing emotions in unpaid work environments) (Hochschild, 1983), this dissertation demonstrates how non-visibly disabled students must perform “extra work” that distinguishes their experiences and the effort required to navigate the spaces and places of academia. With a specific focus on the process of acquiring and implementing academic and workplace accommodations, it draws on the literatures and theoretical insights of emotional geography and critical disability studies to demonstrate how these disabilities are misunderstood and stigmatized, which results in an accommodation process that is both humiliating and inadequate to support non-visibly disabled graduate students. Thus, understanding the emotional geography of the accommodation process is vital to creating effective academic and workplace accommodations for non-visibly disabled graduate students. / Dissertation / Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)