Submitted by JOSIANE SANTOS DE OLIVEIRA (josianeso) on 2018-09-21T12:01:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Juliane de Castilhos Spanholi_.pdf: 1043640 bytes, checksum: 13a504e27c0711974289be4759122d6d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-21T12:01:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Juliane de Castilhos Spanholi_.pdf: 1043640 bytes, checksum: 13a504e27c0711974289be4759122d6d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-04 / Nenhuma / Ao longo dos anos as empresas industriais foram desenvolvendo atividades cada vez mais complexas, tornando necessárias mais informações de qualidade para fins de gestão. A contabilidade de gestão e seus artefatos foram se aprimorando de forma a lidar com as dificuldades impostas por esse ambiente empresarial, buscando novas formas de atender à crescente necessidade de informações de forma a suportar o processo de tomada de decisão. Nesse contexto, o objetivo deste estudo é analisar a adoção dos Artefatos da Contabilidade de Gestão (ACG) por empresas de pequeno porte do Rio Grande do Sul do segmento industrial. Com a finalidade de construir o instrumento de pesquisa com base nos ACG mais pesquisados em estudos anteriores, os ACG foram investigados em 26 publicações nacionais. Para realização deste estudo, aplicou-se uma survey aos gestores de pequenas empresas industriais do Rio Grande do Sul, se obtendo um retorno de 155 respondentes. Os principais achados evidenciam que as pequenas empresas analisadas tendem a adotar mais os métodos de custeio por absorção, ABC e variável, enquanto que o BSC e o EVA foram os menos adotados, sendo que a escassez de recursos financeiros para a implantação e manutenção dos ACG foi a principal dificuldade identificada. Por meio da regressão múltipla foi identificado que o custeio variável e o EVA apresentaram evidência significativa de relação positiva com a percepção de desempenho. Enquanto que o custo meta apresentou evidência significativa de relação negativa, no entanto, deve ser avaliado com cautela visto que a literatura aponta que todos os artefatos tendem a aumentar o desempenho, em virtude de fornecer mais informações para tomada de decisão, melhorando os controles das empresas. / Over the years industrial companies have been developing more and more complex activities, requiring more quality information for management purposes. Management accounting and its practices have been improved in order to deal with the difficulties imposed by this business environment, seeking new ways to meet the growing need for information in order to support the decision-making process. In this context, the objective of this study is to analyze the adoption of Management Accounting Practices by small companies in the industrial segment of Rio Grande do Sul. The practices were investigated in 26 Brazilian publications, with the purpose of constructing the research instrument based on the most researched practices in previous studies. For this study, a survey was applied to managers of small industrial companies in Rio Grande do Sul, obtaining a return of 155 respondents. The main findings show that the small firms analyzed tend to adopt more absorption costing, variable costing and activity based costing, while BSC e EVA were the least adopted, and the scarcity of financial resources for the implementation and maintenance of the practices was the main difficulty. Through multiple regression it was identified that variable costing and EVA presented significant evidence of a positive relation with performance perception. On the other hand, target costing presented significant evidence of a negative relation to performance, however, this result should be evaluated with caution because all practices tend to increase performance, by providing more information for decision making, improving control of companies.

The issue of accounting for goodwill has caused considerable concern to accountants and academics. For over 100 years there has been diversity of views as to the nature, recognition and measurement of goodwill. Such diversity of views has contributed to the adoption of a variety of accounting practices for goodwill, which has lead to attempts to regulate practice by accounting professions in the Anglo-American world. The research conducted involves a literature review to identify the concepts and definition of goodwill and the criteria for its recognition and measurement. the investigation will then concentrate upon goodwill arising on consolidation of the financial statements of a group of companies. Major accounting practices will be examined, along with the requirements of the australian and mojor overseas professions on the issue. The findings of a study of listed Australian companies which investigated the accounting policies adopted for goodwill on consolidation before and after regulation of the issue and which sought views upon some of the conceptual issues involved are reported and discussed. Implications of the research for the Australian accounting profession will be addressed, and recommendations will be propsed together with a description of future research opportunities.

Cette thèse, s’intéresse aux pratiques de calcul au sein des PME, aux facteurs pouvant influencer l’utilisation des pratiques de calcul des coûts les plus développées ainsi qu’à la contribution opérationnelle et stratégique de l’utilisation de ces pratiques au sein des PME tout en faisant une comparaison avec les caractéristiques des entreprises de taille intermédiaire. Nous avons fait recours à la théorie de contingence pour fonder notre travail de recherche. Nous avons contacté 8 entreprises par des entretiens en face à face et 70 entreprises par un questionnaire. Nous avons trouvé que les caractéristiques des PME en matière de calcul des coûts sont différentes. Cette différenciation peut être expliquée par trois facteurs: la taille de l’organisation, la diversité des produits et la structure décentralisée de l’entreprise. Également, nous avons trouvé que l’utilité opérationnelle de l’utilisation des instruments de calcul des coûts est perçue comme étant plus élevée par les entreprises qui utilisent les nouvelles méthodes que par les entreprises qui ne les utilisent pas. Cependant, la perception de l’utilité stratégique ne diffère pas entre les utilisateurs et les non-utilisateurs des nouvelles méthodes. / This thesis is interested in accounting practices within SMEs, factors that are able to influence the use of accounting practices, the most developed costs as well as the operational and strategic contribution of these practices within the SMEs while making a comparison with the characteristics of midsize companies. We resorted to the contingency theory to set up our research. We contacted eight companies through several face- to -face interviews, and seventy companies through questioning. We found out that the SMEs characteristics as regards accounting of costs are different. This difference can be explained by three factors: the organization’s size, the product's diversity, and the decentralized structure of the company. Equally, we found out that the operational utility of instruments of accounting costs is looked as the most mannered one by companies that do not use them. However, the perception of the strategic utility do not differ between users and non-users of new methods

Submitted by Mariana Dornelles Vargas (marianadv) on 2015-06-12T19:19:48Z No. of bitstreams: 1 praticas_contabeis.pdf: 9438974 bytes, checksum: 07398fb81afdc7c53ffa5cae2c52d21d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-06-12T19:19:48Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 praticas_contabeis.pdf: 9438974 bytes, checksum: 07398fb81afdc7c53ffa5cae2c52d21d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-05-24 / Nenhuma / O objetivo desta pesquisa é evidenciar as principais práticas contábeis e organizacionais praticadas pela gestão do Colégio Jesuíta Conceição, em São Leopoldo, RS, na segunda metade do século XIX. Para atingir os objetivos propostos, fez-se uma abordagem qualitativa, fundamentada em referências bibliográficas, documentais e orais. De acordo com historiadores, a Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos (Unisinos) é a terceira fase do antigo Colégio Conceição. O Colégio iniciou suas atividades em 1869, com apenas oito alunos, e as encerrou em 1912. Apesar de apenas 43 anos de existência, foram mais de 5.000 alunos formados por esta que se tornou uma das maiores instituições de ensino do Estado e do País, reconhecida até mesmo no exterior. A pesquisa demonstrou que a Instituição mantinha três livros contábeis, entre os quais o Livro de Conta Corrente dos Alunos, o Livro de Receitas e Despesas Detalhado e o Livro de Receitas e Despesas Resumido. A partir da análise desses documentos, também foi possível constatar que a instituição possuía um plano de contas com os seus respectivos códigos, base para os lançamentos nos livros contábeis. A partir desses registros, foi realizada a representação gráfica da situação financeira e suas transações econômicas no período de 1883 a 1887. Os dados contábeis obtidos foram analisados levando-se em conta também registros históricos do Colégio Conceição. Dessa forma, foi possível verificar a significância que todos esses fatos tiveram para a situação financeira do Colégio Conceição, suas dificuldades, seu crescimento e o investimento em grandes construções. Registre-se que nem todos os dados foram possíveis de ser analisados, devido à dificuldade no entendimento da grafia e também de tradução. Entre os resultados mais importantes, destacam-se: 1) não foi encontrado até esse momento da pesquisa um Balanço Patrimonial de acordo com o “método de partidas dobradas” e nem mesmo alguma referência do mesmo; 2) também se observou que até o momento não foi revelado nenhum levantamento patrimonial sistemático ou controle de custos; 3) no entanto, verificou-se que a utilização dos três livros controlava suas rendas e gastos de forma impecável e com exatidão nos seus registros. / The purpose of this research was to highlight the main accounting and organizational practices developed in the management of the Conceição Jesuit High School, in São Leopoldo, RS, in the second half of the nineteenth century. In order to achieve the proposed goals a qualitative approach was performed based on oral and documentary bibliographical references. According to historians, the Vale do Rio dos Sinos University (Unisinos) represents the third stage of the old Conceição High School. The institution began its activities in 1869 with only eight students and closed in 1912. Despite its 43 years of existence, there were more than 5.000 students graduated in this institute which has become one of the largest educational institutions in the state and country, recognized even abroad. The research showed that the institution kept three books, including the Book of student Current Account, the Book of Detailed Revenues and Expenses and the Book of Summarized Receipts and Expenditures. From the analysis of these documents, we could also see that the institution had a chart of accounts with their respective codes which represented a source for the entries in the accounting books. From these records, it was performed a graphical representation of the financial situation and its economic transactions in the period from 1883 to 1887. For the analysis of the accounting records we also took into account the historical records of the Conceição High School. Thus, it was possible to verify the significance of all these facts on the financial situation of the Conceição High School, its difficulties, its growth and the investment in large buildings. It is important to stress that it was not possible to analyze all data because of the difficulty in understanding not only the spelling but also the translation. Among the most important results, we emphasize: 1) up to the present, it was not found, in the scope of the research within the institution, a Balance Sheet which matches the Double-Entry Method and there was not even any mention to it; 2) up to now, there is no evidence of any systematic patrimony survey nor of any reference to the costs control; 3) however, we could verify a right and accurate control of its revenues and expenses shown by the records of the institution related to the use of these three books.

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar as práticas adotadas no Brasil relativas à avaliação contábil da carteira de investimentos de fundos de investimento de venture capital e private equity e verificar o seu alinhamento às práticas contábeis internacionais, considerando o contexto da harmonização contábil mundial. Possibilitando um melhor entendimento do assunto, apresenta-se a definição de capital de risco, o contexto evolutivo da indústria de venture capital e private equity, os agentes e os tipos e estágios de investimento, o ambiente regulatório no país e as principais práticas contábeis adotadas no Brasil e em âmbito internacional. Para atingir o objetivo do trabalho a pesquisa trouxe uma abordagem qualitativa de cunho descritiva, embasada na pesquisa bibliográfica e, também, uma pesquisa em informações disponíveis nas demonstrações financeiras arquivadas na Comissão de Valores Mobiliários (CVM). O resultado da análise revela que as práticas contábeis adotadas no Brasil, especificamente relativas à avaliação da carteira de investimentos de fundos de investimento de capital de risco, ainda não estão harmonizadas às práticas contábeis internacionais. / The aim of this paper is to present the practices adopted in Brazil for the accounting valuation of the investment portfolio of investment funds (venture capital and private equity) and check their alignment with international accounting practices, considering the context of global accounting harmonization. Enabling a better understanding of the subject, presents the definition of venture capital, the changing context of industry, venture capital and private equity players and the types and stages of investment, the regulatory environment in the country and the major accounting practices in Brazil and internationally. To achieve the goal of the research work has brought a qualitative approach of descriptive, based on literature research and also research on information available in financial statements filed with the Comissão de Valores Mobiliários (CVM). The test result shows that the accounting practices adopted in Brazil, specifically concerning the assessment of the investment portfolio of investment funds in venture capital and private equity, are still not harmonized with international accounting practices.

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar as práticas adotadas no Brasil relativas à avaliação contábil da carteira de investimentos de fundos de investimento de venture capital e private equity e verificar o seu alinhamento às práticas contábeis internacionais, considerando o contexto da harmonização contábil mundial. Possibilitando um melhor entendimento do assunto, apresenta-se a definição de capital de risco, o contexto evolutivo da indústria de venture capital e private equity, os agentes e os tipos e estágios de investimento, o ambiente regulatório no país e as principais práticas contábeis adotadas no Brasil e em âmbito internacional. Para atingir o objetivo do trabalho a pesquisa trouxe uma abordagem qualitativa de cunho descritiva, embasada na pesquisa bibliográfica e, também, uma pesquisa em informações disponíveis nas demonstrações financeiras arquivadas na Comissão de Valores Mobiliários (CVM). O resultado da análise revela que as práticas contábeis adotadas no Brasil, especificamente relativas à avaliação da carteira de investimentos de fundos de investimento de capital de risco, ainda não estão harmonizadas às práticas contábeis internacionais. / The aim of this paper is to present the practices adopted in Brazil for the accounting valuation of the investment portfolio of investment funds (venture capital and private equity) and check their alignment with international accounting practices, considering the context of global accounting harmonization. Enabling a better understanding of the subject, presents the definition of venture capital, the changing context of industry, venture capital and private equity players and the types and stages of investment, the regulatory environment in the country and the major accounting practices in Brazil and internationally. To achieve the goal of the research work has brought a qualitative approach of descriptive, based on literature research and also research on information available in financial statements filed with the Comissão de Valores Mobiliários (CVM). The test result shows that the accounting practices adopted in Brazil, specifically concerning the assessment of the investment portfolio of investment funds in venture capital and private equity, are still not harmonized with international accounting practices.

O objetivo deste trabalho é apresentar as práticas adotadas no Brasil relativas à avaliação contábil da carteira de investimentos de fundos de investimento de venture capital e private equity e verificar o seu alinhamento às práticas contábeis internacionais, considerando o contexto da harmonização contábil mundial. Possibilitando um melhor entendimento do assunto, apresenta-se a definição de capital de risco, o contexto evolutivo da indústria de venture capital e private equity, os agentes e os tipos e estágios de investimento, o ambiente regulatório no país e as principais práticas contábeis adotadas no Brasil e em âmbito internacional. Para atingir o objetivo do trabalho a pesquisa trouxe uma abordagem qualitativa de cunho descritiva, embasada na pesquisa bibliográfica e, também, uma pesquisa em informações disponíveis nas demonstrações financeiras arquivadas na Comissão de Valores Mobiliários (CVM). O resultado da análise revela que as práticas contábeis adotadas no Brasil, especificamente relativas à avaliação da carteira de investimentos de fundos de investimento de capital de risco, ainda não estão harmonizadas às práticas contábeis internacionais. / The aim of this paper is to present the practices adopted in Brazil for the accounting valuation of the investment portfolio of investment funds (venture capital and private equity) and check their alignment with international accounting practices, considering the context of global accounting harmonization. Enabling a better understanding of the subject, presents the definition of venture capital, the changing context of industry, venture capital and private equity players and the types and stages of investment, the regulatory environment in the country and the major accounting practices in Brazil and internationally. To achieve the goal of the research work has brought a qualitative approach of descriptive, based on literature research and also research on information available in financial statements filed with the Comissão de Valores Mobiliários (CVM). The test result shows that the accounting practices adopted in Brazil, specifically concerning the assessment of the investment portfolio of investment funds in venture capital and private equity, are still not harmonized with international accounting practices.

Abstract This dissertation provides a comprehensive picture of IFRS adoption from the perspective of preparers of accounting information in a continental European context. The dissertation examines the differences between IFRS and continental European accounting and analyses whether these differences influence and have implications for accounting and controlling practices and, if so, in what ways. The dissertation, therefore, presents case studies on accounting and controlling practices and develops theoretical explanations for these practices. This dissertation develops theoretical explanations of why and how business becomes involved in accounting (or accounting and business come closer to each other) and identifies different ways in which business becomes involved in accounting. Moreover, the dissertation provides insights into the implications of business involvements for accounting and control practices at three different levels, i.e. organisation, accounting function and individual accountants. In more general terms, this dissertation provides evidence of how financial accounting becomes more horizontal and has implications for both accounting and control practices. On the one hand, the dissertation examines management across two worlds, i.e. accounting and business, and focuses on the role of boundary objects used to mediate different worlds. On the other hand, the dissertation highlights learning at the boundaries and shows how boundary crossing was used as a strategy to fulfil the requirements of financial and corporate reporting. Finally, the dissertation argues that, rather than describing financial accounting and corporate reporting purely as a vertical process, we should pay attention to the lateral processing of information as required by the standards as well as the needs of management. / Tiivistelmä Tämä väitöskirja tarjoaa laajan kokonaiskuvan IFRS-standardiston käyttöönottoon tilinpäätösinformaation laatijan näkökulmasta. Tutkimus tarkastelee käyttöönottoa ja laatijan näkökulmaa erityisesti mannereurooppalaisessa kontekstissa. Tutkimus analysoi niin kutsutun mannereurooppalaisen normiston ja IFRS-standardiston välisiä eroja sekä näiden seuraamuksia laskenta- ja kontrollikäytäntöihin. Tutkimus tarjoaa tapaustutkimuksia laskenta- ja kontrollikäytännöistä sekä löytää ja kehittää teoreettisia selityksiä näille käytännöille. Tutkimus löytää teoreettisen selityksen sille, miksi ja miten liiketoiminta on läsnä raportoitavan informaation laatimisessa tai miksi liiketoiminnan johtaminen ja raportoitavan informaation laatiminen lähenevät toisiaan. Lisäksi tutkimus identifioi eri tapoja sille, miten liiketoiminta on läsnä informaation laatimisessa. Tutkimus tarjoaa tietoa liiketoiminnan läsnäolon seuraamuksista laskenta- ja kontrollikäytäntöihin kolmella eri tasolla: yrityksen, taloushallinnon funktion sekä taloushallinnon henkilöstön tasolla. Tämä väitöskirja osoittaa, miten tilinpäätösraportointi tulee IFRS-standardiston käyttöönoton myötä horisontaalisemmaksi ja miten tällä on seuraamuksia laskenta- ja kontrollikäytäntöihin. Tutkimus analysoi kahden maailman, ts. laskennan ja liiketoiminnan, välistä johtamista ja keskittyy rajaobjektien roolien tarkastelemiseen. Lisäksi tutkimus korostaa rajavyöhykkeellä tapahtuvaa oppimista ja osoittaa, kuinka rajanylitystä käytetään täyttämään sekä tilinpäätösraportoinnin että yhtiöiden sisäisten raportointien tarpeet. Tämä tutkimus osoittaa, että tilinpäätösraportoinnin ja yhtiötason raportoinnin horisontaalisiin piirteisiin tulisi kiinnittää huomiota sen sijaan, että ne kuvattaisiin puhtaasti vertikaalisina prosesseina. Tutkimus osoittaa, että sekä tilinpäätösstandardit että yhtiön johdon tarpeet vaativat raportoinnilta lateraalisia prosesseja.

The main goal of this thesis was to obtain an understanding of the way in which accounting practices that are constantly in transition generate the information that is disclosed in corporate annual reports (CARS). The study shows that CARS may be seen as a product of two main interrelated information processing systems, the first being the mandatory financial information system (MFIS) and the second the discretionary information system (DIS). The MFIS uses accounting practices such as generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP), which include International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS), International Accounting Standards (IASs), JSE regulations and the Companies' Act requirements, in producing the information disclosed in CARS. The needs of users to reduce the uncertainty and risks in their decision making have an influence on the constantly evolving accounting practices. Standard-setting bodies play a major role in the development and refinement of GAAP. On the other hand, the DIS, in order to provide a complete picture of business entities, uses discretionary accounting practices to produce the contextual information contained in CARS. These discretionary accounting practices are also currently in transition. They cater for the production of information on the business environment, and provide an operating and financial review, overview of strategy, forward-looking information, key performance indicators and information on corporate governance and transparency. Standard-setting bodies may be able to use the contextual information contained in CARS to develop and refine the GAAP used by the MFIS. / Thesis (DComm(Accounting Sciences))--University of Pretoria, 2008. / Financial Management / DCom / unrestricted

The financial crisis facing the United States savings and loan industry has been steadily escalating over the last decade. During this time, accounting treatments concerning various thrift institution transactions have also attracted a great deal of attention. The specialized accounting treatments used in the thrift industry, known as regulatory accounting practices (RAP) have been blamed as one of the culprits hindering the regulators' ability to detect serious financial problems within many institutions. Accordingly, RAP was phased out, and all federally insured savings and loan associations began preparing their financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) as of January 1, 1989. The purpose of this dissertation is to compare the relative predictive values of the two historical cost based accounting conventions (RAP and GAAP) available to the savings and loar? industry during the 1980's. For purposes of this dissertation, predictive value is defined as the usefulness in assessing future financial health and viability. The sample consisted of all the institutions reporting to the Federal Home Loan Bank of Dallas between 1984 and 1989. Year-end thrift financial report data, obtained from Sheshunoff Information Services, Inc. (Austin, Texas) was used to calculate several financial ratios. The Federal Home Loan Bank of Dallas provided a comprehensive listing of all institutions that failed between January 1, 1985 and March 31, 1989. The null hypothesis tested in this study was: no significant differences existed between the predictive values of RAP and GAAP financial statements. Using a dichotomous dependent variable (failed/not failed) and independent variables from prior research, several multinomial logistic models were developed to test the null hypothesis. All models developed failed to reject the null hypothesis.