Texte remanié de: Th.--Lettres--Paris, 1905.

In this paper is described creation of a robot in Robot Operating system (ROS) withAckermann steering. It contains the principle of Ackermann steering geometry, search ofcontroller boards and basics of ROS structure. A RC car with connected PixHawk controlleris used as a basis of the robot. On the robot is placed an onboard computer Raspberry Pi3 with running ROS. This computer is connected to a laptop through Wi-Fi network. Theprocedure of starting up the robot and ROS is also described in this paper, as well asdesign of the graphical user interface (GUI) that will display sensory data and allow otherfunctionality. Another part of thesis explains principle of an optical encoder and how tocreate your own encoder which can detect rotation of a wheel. This is used to implementrobot odometry. The structure of ROS navigation library is analyzed with regards to itscommissioning. Implementation of the GUI and navigation library will follow in the masterthesis.

Obwohl das Reformationsdrama per definitionem die Reformation der christlichen Kirche voraussetzt und damit als neue Gattung unter gewandelten gesellschaftlichen Bedingungen firmiert, steht es doch stofflich wie formal in einer langen Tradition, die zumindest in Versatzstücken darin präsent sein dürfte. Gerade das sächsische Reformationsdrama hebt sich von den anderen Reformationsdramen andere Regionen durch seinen gemäßigten Ton ab. Durch seine moral-didaktischen Bemühungen bildet es einen Gegenpol zu den teilweise recht polemischen Kampfstücken, wie sie z.B. in der schweizerischen Frühphase zu finden sind. Beachtenswert für den sächsischen Raum ist auch das Faktum, dass hier die meisten Verfasser in enger Verbindung mit Wittenberg standen und zumindest zeitweise pädagogisch wirksam waren. So bilden sie einerseits einen Gegensatz zur Handwerkerdichtung Nürnbergs und erlauben anderseits eine genauere Untersuchung der Aufführung- und Wirkungsgeschichte, wurden sie doch (fast) alle für eine konkrete Aufführungssituation geschrieben.

Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία πραγματεύεται τη μελέτη και κατασκευή ηλεκτρονικού διαφορικού σε μικρό ηλεκτροκίνητο όχημα. Η εργασία αυτή εκπονήθηκε στο Εργαστήριο Ηλεκτρομηχανικής Μετατροπής Ενέργειας του Τμήματος Ηλεκτρολόγων Μηχανικών και Τεχνολογίας Υπολογιστών της Πολυτεχνικής Σχολής του Πανεπιστημίου Πατρών. Στα πλαίσια του θεσμού της πρακτικής άσκησης του τμήματος, ένα τμήμα της εργασίας αυτής εκπονήθηκε στην εταιρία Δ.Ε.Δ.Δ.Η.Ε. Α.Ε. Σκοπός είναι η υλοποίηση ηλεκτρονικού διαφορικού σε διθέσιο ηλεκτροκίνητο όχημα το οποίο περιλαμβάνει δύο ηλεκτρικούς κινητήρες χωρίς μηχανική σύνδεση μεταξύ τους. Με τη σωστή λειτουργία του ηλεκτρονικού διαφορικού είναι δυνατή η επίτευξη στροφής του οχήματος με ασφαλή για τους επιβάτες τρόπο. Αρχικά, σχεδιάστηκε το μικροϋπολογιστικό σύστημα του οχήματος το οποίο αναλαμβάνει να συλλέξει τα απαραίτητα σήματα για το σωστό έλεγχο. Επιλέχθηκε να χρησιμοποιηθεί δίαυλος επικοινωνίας CAN για τη μεταφορά των δεδομένων επειδή χαρακτηρίζεται από μεγάλη αξιοπιστία και ταχύτητα μετάδοσης. Το μικροϋπολογιστικό σύστημα απαρτίζεται από τέσσερις πλακέτες τυπωμένου κυκλώματος που επιτελούν τις λειτουργίες του ηλεκτρονικού διαφορικού, της απεικόνισης δεδομένων στο χρήστη και της διεπαφής των ελεγκτών των δύο κινητήρων στο δίαυλο. Στη συνέχεια, δοκιμάστηκε πειραματικά η αποτελεσματικότητα του μικροϋπολογιστικού συστήματος δίνοντας βάση στην ορθή μετάδοση των δεδομένων και την επαρκή ταχύτητα μεταφοράς αυτών μέσα στο δίαυλο. Μετά την εξακρίβωση της ορθής λειτουργίας του συστήματος, τοποθετήθηκε στο όχημα μαζί με την απαραίτητη καλωδίωση. Κατά την υλοποίηση της καλωδίωσης δόθηκε βάση στον απλό σχεδιασμό και την εύκολη συντήρηση σε περίπτωση βλάβης. Το επόμενο βήμα ήταν συγγραφή κώδικα σε γλώσσα προγραμματισμού που υλοποιεί τη λειτουργία του ηλεκτρονικού διαφορικού σύμφωνα με τη γεωμετρία Ackermann. Το τελευταίο στάδιο της διπλωματικής εργασίας ήταν η συνολική αξιολόγηση του συστήματος μέσω μετρήσεων που πραγματοποιήθηκαν από το μικροϋπολογιστικό σύστημα του οχήματος. Κατά τις τελικές μετρήσεις εξακριβώθηκε η αποτελεσματικότητα της γεωμετρίας Ackermann κατά τη στροφή του οχήματος σε χαμηλές ταχύτητες που συναντώνται σε συνθήκες πόλης. / In this diploma thesis the design and the implementation of an electronic differential for a small electric vehicle is studied. The thesis was elaborated in the Laboratory of Electromechanical Energy Conversion of the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering in the University of Patras. A part of this thesis was accomplished in the company H.E.D.N.O. S.A. within the Internship program of the Department. The primary target of this thesis is the implementation of an electronic differential for a Buggy type electric vehicle which utilizes two electric motors without mechanical connection between them. The appropriate operation of an electronic differential results in a safe turning trajectory. In the first step, a microcomputer system was designed for the purpose of collecting and transferring the data required to achieve reliable control of the vehicle. Robust data transfer within the system is achieved by the use of a CAN bus, which characterizes the proposed architecture. The microcomputer system consists of four Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) performing the operations of the electronic differential, the data visualization to the driver and the interface of the two motor controllers respectively. Subsequently, the microcomputer system was tested and installed on the vehicle, focusing on the correct and fast data transmission. Moreover the wiring of the system was implemented with the aim to simplify the design for easy debugging in the case of a failure. Then, a program was written in C to implement the operation of the electronic differential based on the Ackermann geometry. The final stage of this diploma thesis was the overall evaluation of the system by the examination of the results obtained by experiments. The results of the experiments verified the effectiveness of the Ackermann geometry during the turning of the vehicle in the low speeds of city driving.

Aim of this thesis is to design and construct odometric sensors for a mobile robot with Ackermann steering Bender 2 and to design a mathematical model which would evaluate the the trajectory of the robot using measured data of these sensors. The first part summarizes theoretical knowledge, while the second, the practical part, describes the design of the front axle, the design and the operating software of the front encoders and the odometric models. The last part deals with the processing and evaluation of the measured data.

This project used primary historical documents from the Jessie A. Ackermann collection at ETSU's Archives of Appalachia, other books and documents from the temperance period, and recent scholarship on the subjects of temperance, suffrage, and women travelers and civilizers. As the second world missionary for the Woman's Christian Temperance Union, Ackermann traveled in order to establish WCT Unions and worked as a civilizer, feminist, and reporter of the conditions of women and the disadvantaged throughout the world.

A nonholonomic tracking controller is designed and adapted to work with both differential steering and Ackermann steering based platforms whose dynamics are represented using a unicycle model. The goal of this work is to find a relatively simple approach that offers a practical alternative to bulky and expensive algorithms, but still bolsters applicability where many other lightweight algorithms are too lax. The hope is that this alternative will offer a straightforward approach for groups interested in autonomous vehicle research but who do not have the resources or personnel to implement more complex solutions. In the first phase of this work, saturation constraints based on differential drive kinematics are added to ensure that the vehicle behaves intuitively and does not exceed user defined limitations. A new strategy for mapping commands back into a viable envelope is introduced, and the restrictions are accounted for using Lyapunov stability criteria. This stage of work is validated through simulation and experimentation. Following the development of differential drive methods, similar techniques are applied to Ackermann steering kinematic constraints. An additional saturation algorithm is presented, which likewise is accounted for using Lyapunov stability criteria. As with the differential case, the Ackermann design is validated through simulation and experimentation. Overall, the results presented in this work demonstrate that the developed algorithms show significant promise and offer a lightweight, practical solution to the problem of vehicle tracking control. / Master of Science

Jessie Ackermann traveled throughout the world representing numerous American reformist organizations during the Progressive Era. Over the course of her lifetime, she promoted progressive reforms in foreign lands. This study examines Ackermann's career a progressive in an international context. The Jessie Ackermann Collection in the Archives of Appalachia holds various records that document Ackermann's career. Ackermann also authored three books during her lifetime. This thesis employs these primary materials along with other appropriate primary and secondary sources dealing with Ackermann and the Progressive Era. Several historical studies have surveyed Ackermann's work as a reformer; however, none have sought exclusively to place her within the context of the Progressive Movement. Ackermann's experiences reveal that progressives not only sought to change society in America, but that some carried progressivism abroad to transform foreign societies. This study contributes to the understanding of Ackermann's work as a reformer and the international nature of progressivism.

Thesis.

The starting point in examining the involvement of Christians among displaced Germans after The Second World War in the process of post-war reconciliation and establishing cooperation between war-divided peoples of Bohemia and Germans, in the field of cultural and scientific cooperation. Notable achievements included travelling exhibitions to mark 250 years since the beatification, 250 years since the canonization and 600 years since the martyr's death of St. John of Nepomuk. The exhibitions document the scope of Ackermann Gemeinde and Adalbert Stifter Verein from 1947 to the Velvet Revolution of 1989.