This study examined the impact of active layer detachments (ALDs) on seasonal dissolved nitrogen (N) export from continuous permafrost headwater catchments at the Cape Bounty Arctic Watershed Observatory (CBAWO), Melville Island, Nunavut. Runoff samples collected throughout the summer of 2012 from an undisturbed catchment (Goose; GS) and from one that was disturbed by ALDs (Ptarmigan; PT) were analyzed for dissolved inorganic ions and species of total dissolved N (TDN), including dissolved organic N (DON) and dissolved inorganic N (DIN; ammonium (NH4+), nitrite (NO2-), and nitrate (NO3-)). Rainfall samples were also collected for dissolved ions analyses. Select runoff and rainfall samples were analyzed for stable isotopes of nitrogen and oxygen in NO3- (δ15N-NO3- and δ18O-NO3-, respectively) to determine its origin streamwater. Data from 2012 were compared to predisturbance data to assess the long-term effects of ALDs on N export. ALDs increased the proportion of DIN/TDN in PT from 4% (predisturbance) to 37% in 2012. The increase in DIN/TDN in PT largely resulted from significantly higher NO3- in runoff. Values of δ18O and δ15N-NO3- as well as correlations between NO3- and major ions indicated that the higher NO3- in PT was due to the exposure of mineral soils in ALDs, which likely reduced NO3- sinks (e.g. plant uptake) and increased inputs of nitrified-NO3-. Values of δ18O-NO3- during initial runoff showed that NO3- supplied from the snowpack overwhelmed NO3- sinks in PT, leading to a twelve-fold higher peak NO3- concentration relative to GS. Low δ18O-NO3- values in runoff during stormflow indicated that inputs of DIN from rainfall (1545 ± 148 and 1838 ± 174 g N-DIN to GS and PT, respectively) supplied less than 30% of the NO3- in both streams, and that exceptionally high NO3- concentrations in PT resulted from flushing of mineralized-NO3- from the mineral soils. Seasonal DIN flux was 95% higher in PT relative to GS, because NO3- export from PT was 27 times that of GS. This is the first study to show that ALDs can have persistent impacts on DIN export from High Arctic watersheds, and that this results from enhanced export of mineralized-NO3-. / Thesis (Master, Geography) -- Queen's University, 2014-05-27 10:30:38.874

This study aimed to contribute to baseline knowledge of permafrost geochemistry within the uppermost 3-4 m of permafrost at 8 sites on the Peel Plateau and east of the Mackenzie Delta, NWT (67-68oN). The following variables were measured: gravimetric water content (GWC), pore water conductivity (PWC), leachate conductivity (LC), dissolved ions by ICP-AES (i.e. Ca, SO4, Mg, Fe, K, Na, Mn, Cl), organic carbon content (calculated by linear regression from organic matter content), as well as inorganic carbon content (obtained from loss on ignition analysis). PWC was positively correlated to GWC and values were generally at least 5 times less than LC values, likely underestimating total dissolved solutes using the former method. LC increased with depth to reach maximum values below the paleo thaw unconformity (>10 mS/cm). Carbon content typically remained low throughout the cores with the exception of samples associated to the shallow-rooted vegetation cover at the ground surface. Results showed that the active layer, relict active layer and the permafrost below the thaw unconformity can be divided into three statistically significant layers. PCA results indicated some spatial patterns with increasing LC values at greater depth, suggesting that layer geochemical profiles reflect varying degrees of soil chemical weathering processes since the early Holocene.

A soil climate monitoring network, consisting of seven automated weather stations, was established between 1999 and 2003 in the McMurdo Sound region of Antarctica. Soil temperature, soil water content, air temperature, relative humidity, solar radiation, and wind speed and direction are recorded hourly and downloaded annually. Two 30 m deep permafrost temperature monitoring boreholes were established adjacent to the soil climate stations in the Wright Valley and at Marble Point in January 2007. Sixteen thermistors (accurate to ±0.1°C) were installed in each borehole measuring temperature once every hour and recording the mean every six hours. One year of permafrost temperatures were available (January 2007 to January 2008). The overall aim of this thesis was to make use of the soil climate monitoring database from 1999 to 2007 to investigate Antarctic soil climate. Active layer depth (depth of thawing) varied inter-annually, with no significant trend between 1999 and 2007. The active layer increased with decreasing latitude (R2 = 0.94), and decreased with increasing altitude (R2 = 0.95). A multiple regression model was produced whereby active layer depth was predicted as a function of mean summer air temperature, mean winter air temperature, total summer solar radiation and mean summer wind speed (R2 = 0.73). Annual temperature cycles were observed at all depths in the boreholes. At Marble Point, an annual temperature range of lt;1°C occurred at 15.2 m, lt;0.5°C at 18.4 m and lt;0.1°C at 26.4 m and at Wright Valley, an annual temperature range of lt;1°C occurred at 14.0 m, lt;0.5°C at 17.2 m and lt;0.1°C at 25.2 m. Given that the depth of Zero Annual Amplitude determined depends on the sensitivity of the measurement method, it is suggested that instead of referring to a depth of Zero Annual Amplitude , the depth at which the annual temperature range is less than a given value is a more useful concept. Mean annual and mean seasonal air and soil temperatures varied inter-annually and there was no significant trend of warming or cooling over the 1999 - 2007 period. Mean annual air temperatures were primarily influenced by winter air temperatures. Mean annual and mean summer soil temperatures were warmer than air temperatures due to heating by solar radiation. Mean summer air temperatures correlated well with the Southern Annular Mode Index (SAMI) at all sites (0.61 lt; R2 lt; 0.73) except Victoria Valley; however there was no correlation between mean annual or mean winter temperatures and the SAMI. Air temperature was linearly correlated with near-surface soil temperature (1.3 - 7.5 cm) (R2 gt; 0.79). Near-surface soil temperature was strongly correlated with incoming solar radiation at Victoria Valley (0.14 lt; R2 lt; 0.76) and Granite Harbour (0.49 lt; R2 lt; 0.82), but was not significantly correlated at other sites (0 lt; R2 lt; 0.57). There was no significant correlation between air temperature and wind speed, air temperature and solar radiation and near-surface soil temperature and wind speed, despite occasions of strong correlation on the diurnal time scale. Diurnal summer cycles in air and soil temperatures were driven by solar radiation. Multiple regressions combining the effects of air temperature, solar radiation and wind speed approximated near-surface soil temperatures well at every site during both summer and winter (0.88 lt; R2 lt; 0.98).

The effect of light exposure in ambient air on thin films made from an electron acceptor polymer poly{[N,N'-bis(2-octyldodecyl)naphthalene-1,4,5,8-bis(dicarboximide)-2,6-diyl]-alt-5,5'-(2,2'-bithiophene)} (N2200), an electron donor polymer Poly[[2,3-bis(3-octyloxyphenyl)-5,8-quinoxalinediyl]-2,5-thiophenediyl] (TQ1) and their blends, has been studied using UV-vis spectroscopy and Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM). For solutions of TQ1, N2200 and blends, the linearity of the Beer-Lambert law for absorption spectroscopy has been verified. The measured UV-vis spectra show that TQ1 thin films are more sensitive to degradation by simulated sunlight than N2200 films. They also show that among the polymer blends, the N2200-rich blend with volume ratio 1:2 (TQ1:N2200) was less sensitive to degradation by simulated sunlight than blends of ratio 1:1 and 2:1. The AFM images showed a change in roughness between the undegraded and degraded films, where the TQ1, 1:1 and 1:2 films obtained lower roughness after 45 hours of degradation, and the N2200 and the 2:1 films obtained higher roughness. / Effekten av simulerad solljusexponering i omgivande luft på tunna filmer gjorda av en elektronaccepterande polymer poly{[N,N'-bis(2-octyldodecyl)naphthalene-1,4,5,8-bis(dicarboximide)-2,6-diyl]-alt-5,5'-(2,2'-bithiophene)} (N2200), en elektrondonerande polymer Poly[[2,3-bis(3-octyloxyphenyl)-5,8-quinoxalinediyl]-2,5-thiophenediyl] (TQ1) och deras blandningar, har undersökts genom ultraviolett-synlig-spektroskopi (UV-vis-spektroskopi) och atomkraftsmikroskopi (AFM). Genom lösningar av TQ1, N2200 och blandningar, har det linjära förhållandet i Beer Lamberts lag för absorptionsspektroskopi verifierats. De mätta UV-vis-spektrumen visar att tunna TQ1-filmer är känsligare mot degradering genom simulerat solljus än tunna N2200-filmer. De visar också att den N2200-rika blandningen med ett volymförhållande av 1:2 (TQ1:N2200) var mindre känslig för degradering av simulerat solljus än blandningar med volymförhållandet 1:1 och 2:1. AFM-bilderna visade en förändring i råhet mellan degraderade och icke-degraderade filmer, där TQ1-, 1:1-, och 1:2-filmerna fick en lägre ytråhet efter 45 timmar av degradering, och N2200- och 2:1-filmera fick en högre ytråhet.

Increasing global energy demands and diminishing supplies of conventional fuels are forcing the world to focus more on alternative power sources that are both renewable and ecologically benign. Solar energy is clean, regularly available and can be harvested without sacrificing valuable land space. Due to the associated cost of solar cells, however a very small portion of the world’s energy needs are supplied by the sun. Solution-processable organic photovoltaics (OPVs) offer the promise of lower production costs relative to conventional (silicon) solar cell technology. Solution-processing can be performed using reel-to-reel manufacturing, with printing and coating techniques that are significantly cheaper than current processing methods for inorganic semiconductors. Although OPV efficiency values currently remain inferior to those of conventional solar cells, the rate of improvement is much higher in OPVs than in other solar cell technologies. Recently an efficiency exceeding 10% was reported for organic solar cells. An important difference between organic and conventional solar cells is the charge carrier mobility of the semiconductors, which tends to be relatively low in organic semiconductors. Recent advances in molecular design have led to polymer semiconductor materials that possess hole mobility values similar to that of amorphous silicon. The present study investigates potential improvements in OPV devices that can be achieved through the application of high hole mobility polymer semiconductor donors. Two diketopyrrolopyrrole-based polymers, PDQT and PDBFBT, were selected for the role of electron donor in OPV devices due to their high mobilities and their optimum optical and electrical properties. Optimization of the process parameters was performed using PC61BM as the acceptor. A relatively high quantity of PC61BM (3 - 4 × the weight of the donor) is required in the donor-acceptor blends of both polymers in order to balance the high hole mobility. For these donor-acceptor blends, a solvent system consisting of chloroform/ortho-dichlorobenzene (4:1 v/v) is necessary for proper solubility, and an additive, 1,8-diiodooctane, is required to achieve an acceptable morphology. The main benefit expected from the use of high mobility semiconductors is reduced charge recombination. This was studied in relation to the active layer thickness in standard and inverted OPV devices prepared using PC61BM as the acceptor. Normally the thickness of the active layer is required to be low (~100 nm) due to the poor charge transport mobility of the carriers. In this study, rather consistent power conversion efficiencies were achieved throughout a wide range of active layer thicknesses (~100 nm to ~800 nm). A comparison between standard and inverted device configurations demonstrates that the inverted configuration is more suitable for achieving thicker active layers when a high hole mobility donor is used. This is attributed to the longer hole collection path in the inverted structure, which can benefit from using a high hole mobility material. Increasing the absorption spectra of the donor-acceptor blend was studied by substituting PC71BM for PC61BM. The improved absorption leads to greater charge generation. In PDQT devices, the increase in absorption that is contributed by PC71BM appears to be of greatest benefit when active layers are not very thick. Therefore, when thick active layers (>500 nm) are required, the use of PC61BM is sufficient, in conjunction with a high mobility donor. Finally, an increase in a polymer’s crystallinity can often lead to greater mobility. This can be accomplished through various annealing techniques. The improved crystallinity of PDBFBT that occurs as a result of thermal annealing was studied in OPV applications. Although hole mobility of PDBFBT in the lateral direction improves with thermal annealing, mobility in the vertical direction decreases with increasing temperature. This suggests that the crystallinity of PDBFBT is oriented in the lateral direction as opposed to the vertical direction, thereby directing charge flow horizontal to the surface. With thermal annealing, an optimal amount of PC61BM added to PDBFBT can increase the vertical mobility to fairly high values. Nevertheless, the efficiency of standard and inverted OPV devices decreases with increased annealing temperature. This is attributed to agglomeration of PC61BM that occurs from an increase in annealing temperature. The results of this study demonstrate that thermal annealing is not beneficial for PDBFBT:PC61BM films in OPV applications due to the vertical orientation of devices. All of the studies presented in this work involve the use of high hole mobility polymer semiconductors as donor materials for OPV applications. This work will provide a deeper understanding of the properties required for the development of new semiconductor materials in OPV applications. Furthermore, this work will be very useful for the design of device structures for more feasible manufacturing of large area OPV devices via high speed roll-to-roll printing processes.

An investigation of permafrost (permanently frozen soil) was conducted in Canada’s subarctic region of Northern Ontario. Environmental baseline conditions and permafrost states were estimated using seasonal freezing and thawing energies based on observed climate data and the Stefan equation. Field studies provided measurements of the active layer depths and validated the permafrost states; laboratory studies of the soil samples provided characterization for organic materials that have high affinity for soil moisture. Palsas (unique dome-like formations) were observed to have enhanced permafrost cores beneath a thermal insulating organic layer. With climate change, results suggest the possibility of shifts from the classification of continuous to discontinuous permafrost states in areas lacking the presence of organic materials that can have environmental and ecological impacts. Northern infrastructures may become destabilized with the degradation of permafrost while palsas may become lone permafrost refuges for biodiversity that depend on cooler ecosystems, such as polar bears.

An investigation of permafrost (permanently frozen soil) was conducted in Canada’s subarctic region of Northern Ontario. Environmental baseline conditions and permafrost states were estimated using seasonal freezing and thawing energies based on observed climate data and the Stefan equation. Field studies provided measurements of the active layer depths and validated the permafrost states; laboratory studies of the soil samples provided characterization for organic materials that have high affinity for soil moisture. Palsas (unique dome-like formations) were observed to have enhanced permafrost cores beneath a thermal insulating organic layer. With climate change, results suggest the possibility of shifts from the classification of continuous to discontinuous permafrost states in areas lacking the presence of organic materials that can have environmental and ecological impacts. Northern infrastructures may become destabilized with the degradation of permafrost while palsas may become lone permafrost refuges for biodiversity that depend on cooler ecosystems, such as polar bears.

Increasing global energy demands and diminishing supplies of conventional fuels are forcing the world to focus more on alternative power sources that are both renewable and ecologically benign. Solar energy is clean, regularly available and can be harvested without sacrificing valuable land space. Due to the associated cost of solar cells, however a very small portion of the world’s energy needs are supplied by the sun. Solution-processable organic photovoltaics (OPVs) offer the promise of lower production costs relative to conventional (silicon) solar cell technology. Solution-processing can be performed using reel-to-reel manufacturing, with printing and coating techniques that are significantly cheaper than current processing methods for inorganic semiconductors. Although OPV efficiency values currently remain inferior to those of conventional solar cells, the rate of improvement is much higher in OPVs than in other solar cell technologies. Recently an efficiency exceeding 10% was reported for organic solar cells. An important difference between organic and conventional solar cells is the charge carrier mobility of the semiconductors, which tends to be relatively low in organic semiconductors. Recent advances in molecular design have led to polymer semiconductor materials that possess hole mobility values similar to that of amorphous silicon. The present study investigates potential improvements in OPV devices that can be achieved through the application of high hole mobility polymer semiconductor donors. Two diketopyrrolopyrrole-based polymers, PDQT and PDBFBT, were selected for the role of electron donor in OPV devices due to their high mobilities and their optimum optical and electrical properties. Optimization of the process parameters was performed using PC61BM as the acceptor. A relatively high quantity of PC61BM (3 - 4 × the weight of the donor) is required in the donor-acceptor blends of both polymers in order to balance the high hole mobility. For these donor-acceptor blends, a solvent system consisting of chloroform/ortho-dichlorobenzene (4:1 v/v) is necessary for proper solubility, and an additive, 1,8-diiodooctane, is required to achieve an acceptable morphology. The main benefit expected from the use of high mobility semiconductors is reduced charge recombination. This was studied in relation to the active layer thickness in standard and inverted OPV devices prepared using PC61BM as the acceptor. Normally the thickness of the active layer is required to be low (~100 nm) due to the poor charge transport mobility of the carriers. In this study, rather consistent power conversion efficiencies were achieved throughout a wide range of active layer thicknesses (~100 nm to ~800 nm). A comparison between standard and inverted device configurations demonstrates that the inverted configuration is more suitable for achieving thicker active layers when a high hole mobility donor is used. This is attributed to the longer hole collection path in the inverted structure, which can benefit from using a high hole mobility material. Increasing the absorption spectra of the donor-acceptor blend was studied by substituting PC71BM for PC61BM. The improved absorption leads to greater charge generation. In PDQT devices, the increase in absorption that is contributed by PC71BM appears to be of greatest benefit when active layers are not very thick. Therefore, when thick active layers (>500 nm) are required, the use of PC61BM is sufficient, in conjunction with a high mobility donor. Finally, an increase in a polymer’s crystallinity can often lead to greater mobility. This can be accomplished through various annealing techniques. The improved crystallinity of PDBFBT that occurs as a result of thermal annealing was studied in OPV applications. Although hole mobility of PDBFBT in the lateral direction improves with thermal annealing, mobility in the vertical direction decreases with increasing temperature. This suggests that the crystallinity of PDBFBT is oriented in the lateral direction as opposed to the vertical direction, thereby directing charge flow horizontal to the surface. With thermal annealing, an optimal amount of PC61BM added to PDBFBT can increase the vertical mobility to fairly high values. Nevertheless, the efficiency of standard and inverted OPV devices decreases with increased annealing temperature. This is attributed to agglomeration of PC61BM that occurs from an increase in annealing temperature. The results of this study demonstrate that thermal annealing is not beneficial for PDBFBT:PC61BM films in OPV applications due to the vertical orientation of devices. All of the studies presented in this work involve the use of high hole mobility polymer semiconductors as donor materials for OPV applications. This work will provide a deeper understanding of the properties required for the development of new semiconductor materials in OPV applications. Furthermore, this work will be very useful for the design of device structures for more feasible manufacturing of large area OPV devices via high speed roll-to-roll printing processes.

Plusieurs études récentes ont montré que le réchauffement climatique des régions nordiques, deux fois plus important dans les hautes latitudes nord qu’ailleurs dans le monde, augmentait l’épaisseur de la couche active de surface en zones de pergélisol (couche superficielle du sol qui dégèle durant la période estivale). Cette modification de surface pourrait avoir un impact environnemental très important sur la libération du carbone du sol, l’hydrologie, les écosystèmes, ainsi que sur le pergélisol. Cette évolution commence déjà à avoir des répercutions socio-économiques importantes sur les infrastructures des communautés du Nord. Le but du projet est d’exploiter une nouvelle base de données satellites micro-onde, que nous venons de développer, pour l’analyse des températures de surface et de l’évolution du pergélisol (permafrost) au Canada-Alaska sur les 30 dernières années. Un des objectifs spécifiques du projet est de mettre au point une méthode de caractérisation des changements de la couche active de surface en zones de pergélisol par l’assimilation des observations spatiales dans un modèle de flux de chaleur dans le sol. L’évolution de l’étendue des zones de pergélisol dérivée sera analysée en fonction de la couverture du sol et de la dynamique du couvert nival, deux paramètres aussi dérivés par satellite. Possibilité de validation des modèles par mesures au sol avec nos radiomètres micro-ondes. Ce projet combine ainsi développement théorique, modélisation et traitement d’images numériques sur différents domaines scientifiques (physique de la mesure en télédétection, géophysique de l’environnement, écosystèmes, science des sols). / Recent studies showed that global warming in arctic areas, as twice as important in northern high latitudes than in the rest of the world, growed the thickness of the surface active layer in permafrost areas (superficial layer of the soil that thaws during summer period). This surface modification could have a major environmental impact on soil carbon release, hydrology, ecosystems, and permafrost. It already starts to have socio-economical impacts on north community infrastructures. The project's goal is to use a new microwave satellite database that has just been developed for the analysis of surface temperatures and changes in permafrost in Canada, Alaska over the past 30 years. One of the specific goals of the project is to develop a method to characterize changes in the surface active layer in permafrost areas by the assimilation of space observations in a heat flow model in the soil. The evolution of the extension of permafrost areas derived will be analyzed according to the coverage of soil and the dynamics of snow cover, two parameters also derived by satellite. Possibility of model validation by ground measurements with a microwaves radiometers. This project combines theoretical development, modeling and image processing on different scientific fields (physics of remote sensing measurement, Geophysics of the Environment, ecosystems, soil science).

Submitted by Marlene Santos (marlene.bc.ufg@gmail.com) on 2017-11-17T16:56:43Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Ramon Miranda Silva - 2017.pdf: 4619433 bytes, checksum: a7833bb45829cb4df8c4216c408e70cf (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2017-11-20T10:13:17Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Ramon Miranda Silva - 2017.pdf: 4619433 bytes, checksum: a7833bb45829cb4df8c4216c408e70cf (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-11-20T10:13:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação - Ramon Miranda Silva - 2017.pdf: 4619433 bytes, checksum: a7833bb45829cb4df8c4216c408e70cf (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-10-11 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / Organic semiconductor molecules and polymers have been widely studied because they have morphological and electroluminescent properties that contribute in particular to the development of new photovoltaic systems. Among the most promising properties for this application are the high efficiency in the production of load carriers, good conductivity, ease of manipulation and low cost syntheses, therefore to know the capacity of the active layers for the production of load carriers and the way they operate in a device, is essential to determine the application and the advantages that a material can bring to the photovoltaic systems. In this work we aimed to determinethe photophysical and morphological characteristics of the combination of an electroluminescent polymer MEH-PPV (Poly [2-methoxy-5- (2- ethylhexyloxy) -1,4-phenylenevinylene]), an organic electroluminescent molecule, Rubene (5,6,11,12-tretaphenylnaphthacene) and a hybrid Perovskite semiconductor (CH3NH3SnI_Cl2 and CH3NH3SnI2_Cl), which, when deposited as thin films on the anode of ITO (Tin-doped Indium Oxide), have their new characteristics studied and the combination can be proposed as an active layer for the production of hybrid solar cells based on perovskite. Based on the evaluation of the photophysics of the isolated materials and in solution, thin films layer-by- layer were prepared by two techniques, self-assembly and spin-coating, where their morphological and photophysical characteristics were evaluated. The properties of the active layer composed of the combination of the components were evaluated and the most promising results were obtained for the perovskite composition containing MEH_PPV deposited in a monolayer by the spin-coating technique. / Moléculas e polímeros orgânicos semicondutores têm sido largamente estudados por apresentarem propriedades morfológicas e eletroluminescentes que contribuem, em especial, para o desenvolvimento de novos sistemas fotovoltaicos. Dentre as propriedades mais promissoras para essa aplicação estão a alta eficiência na produção de portadores de cargas, boa condutividade, facilidade de manipulação e sínteses de baixo custo, portanto conhecer a capacidade das camadas ativas para produção de portadores de cargas e a forma como eles operam num dispositivo, é essencial para determinar a aplicação e as vantagens que um material pode trazer aos sistemas fotovoltaicos. Neste trabalho objetivou-se determinar as características fotofísicas e morfológicas da combinação de um polímero eletroluminescente o MEH-PPV (Poli[2-metoxi-5-(2-etilhexiloxi)-1,4-fenilenovinileno]), uma molécula orgânica eletroluminescente, o Rubreno (5,6,11,12 – tretafenilnaftaceno) e um semicondutor de Perovskita híbrida (CH3NH3SnI_Cl2 e CH3NH3SnI2_Cl) para que, ao serem depositados como filmes finos sobre o ânodo de ITO (Óxido de Índio dopado com Estanho), tenham suas novas características estudadas e a combinação possa ser proposta como camada ativa para produção de células solares híbridas baseadas em perovskita. Com base na avaliação da fotofísica dos materiais isolados e em solução, filmes finos layer-by-layer foram preparados por duas técnicas, auto-montagem e spin-coating, onde suas características morfológicas e fotofísicas foram avaliadas. As propriedades da camada ativa composta pela combinação dos componentes foram avaliadas e os resultados mais promissores foram obtidos para a composição de perovskita contendo MEH_PPV, depositado em monocamada pela técnica de spin-coating.