The aim of this thesis is to capture the view of young (professionally) generation of actors and actresses who have played in at least one film or television film with the theme of the history of the twentieth century, on problems of contemporary history and historical subjects in the film. Another aim is to examine the reflection of the risks or benefits of film processing or historical events affecting the film medium itself, survivors from among the family members of narrators and schooling. Research is conducted through qualitative methods based on interviews with fourteen respondents, together with an analysis of film and television works, in which individual respondents portraying their roles. This is a case study of called "exclusive" group of artists. The thesis also deals with the question of the actor's "empathy" in character. Key words: Actors and actresses, Image of history, Historical subject, Film, Empathy

This study aims to compare two Swedish Environmental Non-Governmental Organizations (ENGO:s) in relationship to their international establishment, for the purpose to gain a more nuanced knowledge of how they operate to achieve their goals, and a better understanding of the challenges and benefits the different international establishments can bring. We interviewed two ENGO:s, Naturskyddsföreningen and Jordens Vänner, on the basis of two main issues:- How can work to influence environmental policy differ between a Swedish ENGO and an international ENGO operating in Sweden?- What are the challenges and benefits of influencing Swedish environmental policy for ENGO:s in Sweden that are different internationally established?This study used the method of Most Similar System Design to answer the main issues in the selection of cases, and further a semi-structured interview was used to collect empirical data. The main theory to analyse the data drew from Beyers (2004) conceptualisation of mobilization strategies in from of access and voice.The empirical study shows that the difference in international establishments indeed brings both challenges and advantages to the ENGO:s operationalization. The Swedish established Naturskyddsföreningen could engage in a more local matter, were they influenced both members to be more active and local politicians and political decision-makers. But the inefficient way to combine both access and voice proved to be a challenge in articulating certain core issues. The international established Jordens Vänner showed a different way of conducting environmental policy, by using their international networks as a way of influencing the policy process. But restrains from their internationally management proved limit the space and possibility to operate.Keywords: NGO, ENGO, environmental governance, policy process, mobilization strategies, institutional actors, local engagement, networks

Although issues linked to global environmental change and its role within peace, conflict andsecurity have been subject to social and political controversy for years, they are still notsufficiently respected by energy companies, trade unions, national governments andinternational institutions alike. Through applying the tools of a single instrumental case studylinked to the application of discourse analysis I, this study explores the process of securitizationof the environment in the extraordinary case of the resistance and occupation surrounding theHambach Forest, thereby countering the widely held assumption that collective action aimedat radically changing existing structures is not possible. The particular exploratory focus is puton the way this non-conventional environmental security discourse has been created within aredefined securitization framework. By challenging the traditional focus of securitizationtheory on top-down construction through elites, this study provides a broadened, bottom-upaccount of environmental securitization stemming from local civil society actors as nonpowerholdersthat effectively proclaim their recognition of the environment’s intrinsic valuefrom a grassroots level. Consequently, it argues for the significance of securitization as creativeprocess of alerting policy makers, political leaders and the broader society to the emergency ofclimate change and global environmental degradation symbolized through the specific case ofHambach Forest.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to identify the perceptions of students majoring in vocal music and theatre regarding the instruction they receive in their undergraduate curricula on voice health education. Methods: A survey was adapted from a previous study, Beeman (2016), with permission by the author. The survey was disseminated to undergraduate vocal music and theatre majors across the United States via SurveyMonkey®, an online survey tool. Results: Students perceived receiving knowledge on vocal health from their voice teachers, however they reported low levels of vocal hygiene compliance. Additionally, students recognized the connection between the singing and speaking voice, and they were unclear of the role of the speech-language pathologist in voice. Conclusion: The disconnect between vocal health knowledge and student compliance of vocal hygiene strategies, requires further investigation. Utilizing the voice care team, specifically the speech-language pathologist, to educate both the voice teachers and the students on best practices, is imperative.

Studies in the conflict-climate field usually aim to examine how environmental scarcities canbe linked to conflict, but positive outcomes are generally overlooked. Lately, attention isbeing drawn to the relationship between water scarcity and migration flows. Some researchersargue that efficiency in managing resources is likely to be an imminent issue in migrantreceiving areas and competition over resources are common, especially when they are scarce.As is evident, there is a rule rather than exception that climate related events happensimultaneously, yet few studies do focus on the coupled effect of such climatic events. Torealistically estimate responses to climate change, this study will aim to examine weatherwater scarcity, by itself and in combination with migration-inflow, can encouragecooperation. By using disaggregated data, a sub-analysis was conducted throughout countriesbordering the Mediterranean Sea, covering the years 1997-2009. The results of this studyshow that water scarcity increases the likelihood of non-state cooperation. Overall, thissuggests that water management plays an important role in human interaction and should beconsidered in peacebuilding processes.

The role of business actors in resource extraction in developing countries is an understudied topic of research for development studies. The framework of valuation languages and socio-environmental conflicts is useful for studying the values of actors involved in conflicts concerning resource extraction, but previous studies do not sufficiently discuss how to measure the concept. This thesis investigates which values are expressed by Vattenfall, a Swedish state-owned company, in relation to the extraction of coal that it purchases from Colombia. To do this, the thesis draws on qualitative analysis of ideas to construct an analytical tool aimed at making valuation languages more measurable and applies it to the case of Vattenfall. The thesis finds that Vattenfall expresses a wide range of monetary and non-monetary values, but this is not sufficient to say that it uses any particular valuation language. Moreover, the company views environmental conflicts as solvable within the single standard of monetary valuation and ignores power asymmetries. The analytical tool is found to be insufficient for identifying valuation languages on its own, but successful in making them more measurable.

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Department of International Relations School of Social Sciences / The formulation of International Law has been greatly driven by Western principles. These principles have been applied to the world at large as a result of the continuing hegemony of the global north. Consequently, what is deemed to be just and unjust, legitimate and illegitimate in international relations is dictated by these set standards that have been reified throughout history. Sovereign states, as realist theorist tend to emphasize, are at the core of international relations. One of the basic premises of Realism is that the absence of central authority in the international system is bound to lead to conflict. Various international relations theorists have contributed to this literature in their attempts to unpack causes, solutions and justifications for war. The United Nations Charter provides perhaps the most concrete guidelines and codifications of proper state conduct in the pursuit of peace and order and the resolution of conflicts. However, with the progression of history, the nature of conflict in international relations has experienced various changes. One of these changes worth analysing is the shift away from states as single most important actors in a conflict-prone international context. As a matter of fact, the recent history of international relations has been marked by the rise of non-state actors. This research paper seeks to investigate this shift by revisiting Just War Theory against non-state actors in conflict in Africa using the cases of the Mai Mai Bakata Katanga in the Democratic Republic of Congo and the Pirates in Somlia’s Gulf of Aden.

The diploma thesis is focused on the topic of Living with patients with rare diseases - Epidermolysis bullosa in the Czech Republic is focused on identifying the role of individual actors involved in financing support for patients and evaluating the significance of their roles. Patients suffering from rare diseases have a very specific situation in terms of financial contributions from the public budget, as their situation is not common. The diploma thesis is focused on the role of public sector actors, the non-profit sector (the role of Debra) and patient families in financing treatment and necessary care. It examines and compares the share of funding support for these individual actors, especially focusing on the share of funding from the public sector and the non-profit sector, where the majority is occupied by Debra, which focuses on supporting patients with butterfly wing disease. The thesis examines whether the role of the public sector in financing is sufficient and how significantly its role is complemented by the non-profit sector. Subsequently, the quality of life and social construction of patients in the Czech Republic is evaluated, as well as the provision of care and financial assistance for their illness. The situation of patients will be compared with the situation in other European...

This thesis aims to contribute to the knowledge gap on religious peacebuilding. Previous research on the role of religion has, to a large extent, focused on its destructive potential as a cause of conflict and religious strife. At the same time, there are examples of when religious actors have drawn from religious values to promote peace and reconciliation between conflicting parties. Thus, the purpose of this thesis is to explore in what ways religious peacebuilding promotes conflict transformation between different religious groups during intra-state conflict. By further examining the methods and initiatives used by local religious actors at the grassroots in the Moluccas in Indonesia, the thesis aims to analyze the effects on the peace process. The research method for the study is an instrumental case study analysis, and the thesis applies a combination of two theoretical frameworks focusing on conflict transformation and success factors linked to religious peacebuilding to analyze the empirical material. The results suggest that religious actors used a wide range of methods and initiatives for peacebuilding in the Moluccas, and they made significant contributions to the de-escalation of conflict and opportunities for building sustainable peace. Through the lens of the theoretical framework, it is possible to acknowledge that the methods and initiatives clearly relate to explanations linked to conflict transformation, as well as success factors in religious peacebuilding. The thesis concludes that religious peacebuilding was essential for the peace process in the Moluccas, and that local religious actors showed great capacity in constructively using religion to build peace.