Ce mémoire explore l’utilisation du concept de «réification» comme concept critique permettant d’appréhender les pathologies propres à la modernité. Georg Lukács, élabore la première définition du concept de «réification» dans son essai «La réification et la conscience du prolétariat». Lukács y définit la réification comme ce moment où «un rapport, une relation entre personne prend le caractère d’une chose» masquant ainsi le fondement même de toute relation: les hommes eux-mêmes. Reprenant ainsi en grande partie le bagage théorique marxiste, Lukács donne un sens plus large au concept «d’aliénation» et de «fétichisme de la marchandise». Lukács développe cette définition du concept de réification à partir d’une relecture de Marx, mais une relecture fortement influencée par les travaux de Georg Simmel sur la «dépersonnalisation» inhérente au développement de l’économie marchande et ceux de Max Weber portant sur la tendance naturelle des sociétés modernes à la «rationalisation formelle». Ces auteurs décrivent de quelle manière la structure de l’échange marchand pénètre toutes les sphères de la vie humaine et a des conséquences autant objectives que subjectives, notamment dans les relations interpersonnelles. Dans un deuxième temps, ce mémoire montre comment cet héritage propre au concept de «réification» est mobilisé par Theodor W. Adorno, dans une tentative pour penser l’émancipation et de critiquer la tendance du «monde administré» à la réification. Il observe cette tendance dans le concept même de «raison» hérité des Lumières. La raison devient purement instrumentale et devient un outil de domination. La réification entraîne une déshumanisation et une plus grande froideur dans les rapports humains. Ainsi, la raison elle-même doit être mise en cause dans l’avènement de la catastrophe que représente «Auschwitz». C’est sur ces fondements théoriques qu’Adorno construit une philosophie morale soucieuse du problème de la réification en énonçant un nouvel impératif catégorique: «la non-répétition d’Auschwitz».

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2018-09-19T10:17:32Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Luisa de Miranda Santiago.pdf: 3183702 bytes, checksum: 5e9f3e9530f9456b132ba93dd2ca8e89 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-19T10:17:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Ana Luisa de Miranda Santiago.pdf: 3183702 bytes, checksum: 5e9f3e9530f9456b132ba93dd2ca8e89 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-08-16 / This dissertation aims at the work of Teodor W. Adorno, with a focus on theoretical and bibliographic research, in order to better understand the practice of Philosophy teaching, what its objectives should be, as well as the issues that should in any way be misunderstood. Think through the practice based on reflection rather than just a specific methodology. Also work towards the proposed curriculum for the State of São Paulo and performing a critical analysis of part of this curriculum. In addition to that, the reflection exercise proposed from the teacher's point of view is considered vital / A presente dissertação pretende direcionar o olhar para a obra de Teodor W. Adorno, com esteio em pesquisa teórica e bibliográfica, com intuito de compreender melhor a prática do ensino de filosofia, quais deveriam ser seus objetivos, a quais questões não deveria esquivar-se. Pensar a prática a partir da reflexão e não de uma metodologia específica. Bem como voltar-se para o currículo proposto para o Estado de São Paulo e efetuar a análise crítica de parte desse currículo. Considera-se vital o exercício de reflexão proposto do ponto de vista do professor

One of the most consistent features of the diverse artistic movements that have flourished throughout the twentieth century has been their willingness to experiment in diverse genres and across alternative art forms. Avant-gardes such as Expressionism, Dada, Surrealism, Futurism, Fluxus and Pop were composed not only of painters but also dramatists, musicians, actors, singers, dancers, sculptors, poets and architects. Their works represent a dramatic process of crossfertilization between the arts, resulting in an array of hybrid forms that defy conventional categorisation. This thesis investigates implications of this cross-disciplinary impulse and aims by doing so to open out a site in which to reassess both the manner in which the avant-gardes have been theorised and the impact their theorisation has had on contemporary aesthetics. In the first part of this study, I revisit the work of the most influential theorists of the avant-garde in order to ask what the term “avant-garde” has come to signify. I look at how different theories of the avant-garde and of modernism relate to one another as well as asking what effect these theories have had on attempts to evaluate the legacies of the avant-gardes. The work of Theodor Adorno provides a connective tissue throughout the thesis. In Chapter One, I use it to complicate Peter Bürger’s notion of the avant-garde as “anti-art” and to argue that the most pressing challenge that the avant-gardes announce is to think through the cross-disciplinarity that marks their work. In Chapter Two, I trace how painting has come to be considered as the paradigmatic modernist art form and how, as a result, the avant-garde has been read as a secondary, “literary” phenomenon to be grasped through its relation to painting. I argue that this constitutes a systematic devaluation of literature and has resulted in an “art historical” model of the avant-gardes which represses both their real radicality and implications of their work for these kinds of disciplinary structures. In the second part of this thesis, I explore works which examine and question the aesthetic hierarchies and notions of aesthetic autonomy that the theories of modernism and the avant-garde explored in the first part set up. In Chapter Three, I approach by way of two cross-disciplinary works which employ literature and visual art: Marcel Duchamp’s Green Box (1934) and Andy Warhol’s a; a novel (1968). Works such as these, which slip through the gaps between literary and art history, have, I argue, important implications for literary and visual aesthetics but are often overlooked in disciplinary histories. In my final chapter, I return to the theory of the avant-garde as it emerges in the work of Jean-Francois Lyotard. I examine how his work reconfigures Adorno’s aesthetics by performing the cross-disciplinary movement that it argues is characteristic of avant-garde art works. Tracing his “post-aesthetic” response to Duchamp and Warhol, I explore how Lyotard articulates a mode of practice that moves beyond the dichotomy of “art” and “antiart” and opens out a site in which the importance of the twentieth century avant-gardes is made visible. I conclude by briefly considering the implications of the avant-garde, as I have presented it in this thesis, for contemporary debates on the twenty-first century “digital avant-gardes” and recent writing on aesthetics.

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-10-04T11:04:05Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Gustavo dos Santos Rey Saiz.pdf: 1062891 bytes, checksum: dcb674d82b570317ab8a99ccf5068ec4 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-10-04T11:04:05Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Gustavo dos Santos Rey Saiz.pdf: 1062891 bytes, checksum: dcb674d82b570317ab8a99ccf5068ec4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-09-20 / Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq / This dissertation aims to present the trajectory of the Brazilian reception of the German philosopher Theodor Adorno. Linked to the Institute of Social Research - from which would emerge the "Frankfurt School" - Adorno begins to receive attention from Brazilian intellectuals between the decades of 1950 and 1960. Since then, researchers from different areas have looked out to the work of this author, creating what we called, following Pierre Bourdieu, an academic field. This trajectory involved distinct readings, appropriations and definitions about the author, built and criticized over time. This dissertation intends to analyze this processes locating them in it's different historical moments / Esta dissertação de mestrado tem como objetivo apresentar a trajetória da recepção brasileira do filósofo alemão Theodor Adorno. Intelectual ligado ao Instituto de Pesquisas Sociais – de onde emergiria a chamada “escola de Frankfurt” – Adorno começa a tornar-se tema de reflexão dos intelectuais brasileiros entre as décadas de 1950 e 1960. Desde então, uma série de estudiosos de diferentes áreas se debruçaram sobre a obra deste autor, constituindo aquilo que definimos, seguindo Pierre Bourdieu, como um campo acadêmico. Esta trajetória envolveu leituras, apropriações e definições distintas sobre o autor, construídas e criticadas ao longo do tempo. Esta dissertação pretende analisar estes processos localizando-os em seus diferentes momentos históricos

Not available / text

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:33:30Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T19:23:30Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 silva_mrl_dr_mar.pdf: 731650 bytes, checksum: 2d3989bccb65ebe66cdeb00d7c8c46a2 (MD5) / A presente pesquisa parte do pressuposto adorniano da conversão da formação em semiformação e mito. O devir da semi-formação generalizada ocultou a experiência, dissimulando-a sob a pobreza da identificação com seu tempo; já nada distinto do sujeito, um homem novo, mas sempre velho a se tempo. Esta é também uma forma de barbárie, pois ao negar a experiência nega-se também a possibilidade de criação de si mesmo. Adotamos a metodologia da “ontologia do presente” de Foucault para apontar as formas com as quais queremos ser governados. Esta atitude de governo, na experiência, é impulso da aparição, do efêmero, é possibilidade artística e poética de fazer emergir aquilo que escapa à reflexão, deixando aparecer algo que ainda não existe. Apontamos, com Lyotard, que a possibilidade de verdade no âmbito da estética seria superior à própria reflexão filosófica, justamente pela afinidade e sintonia da estética com a singularidade da experiência no sujeito; sinalizamos a atitude de viver a própria vida, de chamar autenticamente a experiência de minha, como meio de não ceder à performance e ao espetáculo a que se converte a formação. / This search adorniano the assumption of the conversion training and training in a semimyth. The semi-training of becoming widespread hid the experience, masking it under the poverty of identification with their time, but nothing other than the subject, a young man, but where is the old time. This is also a form of barbarism, because by denying the negative experience is also the possibility of establishing itself. We adopted the methods of ontology of this brake to point the ways with which we want to be governed. This attitude of government, the experience, momentum is the appearance of ephemeral, is artistic and poetic ability to emerge from what escapes the reflection, leaving something that appears not yet exist. Go with Lyotard, that the possibility of truth within the aesthetic would be superior to their own philosophical reflection, precisely by affinity and the aesthetic keeping with the uniqueness of the experience in the subject, marked the attitude of living life itself, to draw the authentic experience of mine, as a means to not give the performance and the spectacle that is becoming the training.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-08-06Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:56:32Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 gentile_jm_me_ia.pdf: 480493 bytes, checksum: 3d5783ab6a412200ddcb4fcaf0dbbf3a (MD5) / Essa pesquisa é fruto de uma interface entre música e filosofia. Trata-se de analisar o filme Ludwig van, de Mauricio Kagel, realizado em 1970 por ocasião do bicentenário de Beethoven, a partir de dois aspectos pouco conhecidos da teoria de Theodor Adorno, que aparecem sobretudo em seus últimos textos. O primeiro diz respeito a um certo uso do fragmento que está ligado à identificação com materiais musicais do passado fetichizados, não como uma retomada, mas com um uso crítico, onde os resquícios tonais aparecem como ruínas. O segundo refere-se a um redimensionamento da questão da reprodutibilidade técnica em Adorno e aponta para as possibilidades críticas da montagem cinematográfica através dos recursos da justaposição e da ruptura temporal. Ludwig van, ao fazer uma colagem com obras de Beethoven, alterando timbres e andamento, reúne esses dois aspectos. / This research springs from an interface between Music and Philosophy. It is an analysis of the film Ludwig van, by Mauricio Kagel, produced in 1970 on the occasion of the bicentenary of Beethoven; the analysis is based upon two premises not widely known within the theoretical corpus of Theodor Adorno, which are especially conspicuous in his last writings. The first is concerned with a usage of fragment that is bound to identification with fetishized musical material from the past, not for recovery, but instead recused with a deep sense of critics, where tonal reminiscences appear as ruins. The second is concerned with a reshaping of the question dealing with technical reproducibility in Adorno and points out to the critic possibilities of cinematographic montage through the resources of juxtaposition and temporal rupture. The film Ludwig van, by undertaking a collage with the Beethoven works, altering timbres and tempo, brings these two ideas together.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:27:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2008-06-24Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:27:45Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 baggio_i_me_ia.pdf: 867118 bytes, checksum: 1b8a7d1f74787bc03086c6501ecf808a (MD5) / Esta dissertação tem como tema a relação entre teoria e prática da técnica dodecafônica em Adorno. Enfoca a crítica efetuada por Adorno à técnica dodecafônica no ensaio Schoenberg e o progresso, as noções de dessensibilização do material e de obra tardia e algumas peças musicais compostas por Adorno em seus anos de exílio na Inglaterra e nos EUA. Pretende com isso mostrar a afinidade existente entre a crítica teórica de Adorno ao dodecafonismo serial mais ortodoxo e o caráter idiossincrático dos procedimentos seriais e da concepção formal presentes em algumas de suas últimas composições. / This dissertation has as theme the relationship between theory and practice of the twelve-tone technique in Adorno's work. It focuses the critic made by Adorno to the twelve-tone technique in the essay Schoenberg and the progress, the notions of desensitization of the material and of late work and some musical pieces composed by Adorno in his years of exile in England and in the USA. It intends with that to show the existent likeness among Adorno's theoretical critic to the more orthodox twelve-tone technique and the idiosyncratic character of the serial procedures and of the formal conception present in some of his last compositions.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-09-29Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:57:45Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 pereira_al_me_mar.pdf: 717691 bytes, checksum: 6742ff014e9da9d4822196d5f840c675 (MD5) / A presente pesquisa pretende discutir os limites e as possibilidades de se conceber, no tempo presente, a práxis educativa, pela qual se define as relações pedagógicas e comunicativas estabelecidas pelo professor e pelo aluno nos espaços escolares, como portadora de uma dimensão artística e estética em seus processos de produção e recepção dos saberes sistemáticos transmitidos em sala de aula, como um meio de resistência política ao acentuado predomínio dos núcleos científicos que caracterizam esse ofício e, no limite, à racionalidade instrumental para a qual a reflexão sobre os sentidos dessa atividade tornou-se irrelevante. Para tanto, recorre-se à obra de Theodor W. Adorno, particularmente às suas conferências e debates sobre a educação e à sua teoria estética, e ao pensamento de Jean François Lyotard, sobretudo ao seu diagnóstico sobre a pós-modernidade, com o intuito de analisar as possíveis correspondências entre a produção artística e a recepção estética e o processo comunicativo que compreende a relação pedagógica escolarizada, focalizando a dimensão artística e estética dessa atividade, os problemas decorrentes dessa abordagem, particularmente o da relação entre experiência e linguagem, e as implicações estéticas do ofício do educar que poderiam se tornar objetos da reflexão filosófica do professor. Especificamente, pretende-se demonstrar que a mimese artística e o sentimento do sublime, tal como esses conceitos teriam sido apropriados por Adorno e por Lyotard, revelam não apenas a possibilidade de uma arte pedagógica que contenha, em seu processo de comunicação, uma afinidade aconceitual ética e estética com uma experiência irreconciliável, mas que, para além do sentimento apaziguador suscitado pela beleza, os indivíduos envolvidos nessa relação poderiam ser surpreendidos por um espanto sublime em função... / This research discusses the limits and possibilities of conceiving, at the present time, the educational praxis, by which one defines the pedagogical relations and communication established by the teacher and the student in school spaces, as having an artistic and aesthetic dimension in their production and reception of transmitted systematic knowledge in the classroom as a means of political resistance to the sharp predominance of scientific cores that characterize this trade and, ultimately, the instrumental rationality to which the reflection on the significance of this activity has is irrelevant. For this, one relies on the work of Theodor W. Adorno, particularly to his lectures and debates on education and his aesthetic theory, and the thought of Jean Francois Lyotard, especially to his diagnosis of post-modernity, in order to analyze the possible correlation between artistic production and reception aesthetics and communicative process which includes the pedagogical relationship educated, focusing on artistic and aesthetic dimension of this activity, the problems arising from this approach, particularly the relationship between experience and language, and aesthetic implications of the letter that the school could become objects of philosophical reflection the teacher. Specifically, we intend to demonstrate that artistic mimesis and the feeling of the sublime, as these concepts have been appropriated by Adorno and Lyotard, reveal not only the possibility of teaching an art that contains, in its communication process, an affinity aconceitual ethics and aesthetic experience with an irreconcilable, but that, apart from feeling aroused by the beauty reliever, individuals involved in this relationship could be surprised by a sublime awe in the light of which the dimensions and conceptual structures, which have traditionally been associated conditions a priori of empirical knowledge... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)

Orientadora: Profª Drª Maria Amélia Sabbag Zainko / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação. Defesa: Curitiba, 2015 / Inclui referências / Linha de pesquisa: Políticas educacionais / Resumo: A tese se constitui como leitura metodológica dos textos orteguianos para, a partir de um registro temático, sistematizar perspectivas de Filosofia e de política para uma educação emancipatória. Dessa forma, a pesquisa teve duplo propósito, primeiro, fazer uma leitura política dos textos orteguianos para compreensão conceitual de emancipação política. Entretanto, para realização desta primeira etapa, buscou-se a sistematização de conceitos como Educação, Estado e Filosofia à luz de excertos de períodos históricos, bem como de teoria político-filosófica. No segundo momento, de posse de uma sistematização conceitual, sobretudo de Educação, Política e de Filosofia, atinou-se para construção conceitual de emancipação com base nas relações com outros autores da Filosofia, da Sociologia e da Política. Nesse sentido, em um dos capítulos, fez-se uma leitura pontual de aproximação e distanciamento entre Ortega y Gasset e Theodor Adorno a partir do que se compreende como emancipação para formalização do problema proposto, a saber, conceituar emancipação política. Nesse sentido, para execução da tese doutoral, a pesquisa fez incursões em autores das mais variadas matrizes para garantir o asseguramento de um debate que perpassa a Filosofia, a Sociologia, a Política e a Educação, no sentido de formalizar o conceito de emancipação política e sua configuração, também conceitual, de virtude. Palavras-chave: Filosofia. Política. Sociologia. Educação. / Abstract: The thesis constitutes a methodological reading of ortegian texts in order to systematize philosophical and political perspectives for an emancipatory education from a thematic register. The research thus served a double purpose, the first being to make a political reading of ortegian texts to understand the concept of political emancipation. To fulfill this first stage, however, we sought to systematize concepts like Education, State, and Philosophy in light of excerpts of historical periods, as well as of political-philosophical theory. In a second moment, having a conceptual systematization, especially of Education, Politics, and Philosophy, we worked on the conceptual construction of Emancipation, from relationships with other authors in Philosophy, Sociology, and Politics. In this sense, in one of the chapters, a pointwise reading of distance and approximation between Ortega y Gasset and Theodor Adorno, from what is understood as Emancipation; this was made in order to formalize the problem proposed, or conceptualizing Political emancipation. In this sense, for completing the doctoral thesis, the research confronted authors of diverse matrixes so to assure a debate which covers Philosophy, Sociology, Politics, and Education, in the sense of formalizing the concept of political emancipation and its (even conceptual) configuration of Virtue. Keywords: Philosophy. Politics. Sociology. Education.