By investigating the foundation of the Jesuit Vice-Province of West Africa (VPAO), this dissertation analyzes how a global Roman Catholic men’s religious order adjusted to political and ecclesiastical changes in the wake of African independence movements, the Second Vatican Council, and the Generalate of Pedro Arrupe. Although the founding of the VPAO attempted to harmonize the work of the Jesuits in Africa with a renewed Jesuit global ethos, it stumbled over the meaning and application of Africanization, a stated priority for the Roman Catholic Church since the time of Pope Benedict XV. This dissertation argues that prior to the creation of the Vice-Province, in 1973, Jesuits emphasized different aspects of Africanization in their two largest missions of Chad and Cameroon. French Jesuit Frédéric de Bélinay founded the Chad Mission. In the missionary context of establishing the Catholic Church in Chad, his successors Joseph du Bouchet, Paul Dalmais, Henri Véniat, and Charles Vandame adopted a “bottom-up” Africanization or vernacularization that included building churches, educating the masses, biblical and catechetical translations, and the production of grammars and religious art. The Jesuits de-Latinized the liturgy, Christianized the yondo (Chad’s initiation rite), and raised up lay personnel able to carry out the work of evangelization. They failed, however, to build a local clergy and Chadian leadership for the church. In Cameroon, with its particular context of mission devolution and nation building, the Jesuits emphasized the “top-down” Africanization of leadership. They developed the field of African Studies, and trained a Cameroonian diocesan clergy and an elite generation of public servants. However, western Jesuit missionaries generally remained unwilling to cede leadership positions to their African colleagues. The failure of European missionaries either to build a local clergy in Chad or to promote a Cameroonian leadership demonstrated an incomplete Africanization that carried over into the creation of the VPAO. The first Cameroonian Jesuits Eboussi Boulaga, Engelbert Mveng, Meinrad Hebga and Nicolas Ossama expressed great disappointment at the creation of the VPAO. They believed that the leadership and territorial map of the VPAO were symbolic of a neocolonial organization, and a setback to Africanization. Thus, the Cameroonian reception of the VPAO represented a local resistance to Jesuit globalism as defined by western ecclesial authorities. / 2022-06-30T00:00:00Z

King Ngungunyana was the lord of the mighty Gaza Empire, covering most of the interior Mozambique south of the Zambezi and parts of present Zimbabwe, when the Portuguese in 1885 were requested by the Berlin Congress to accelerate their colonization. The small enclaves around certain port towns were no longer sufficient, in order to claim the territory as one's colony. "Effective occupation" was the new precept, leading very soon to conflict with King Ngungunyana and, in 1895, the defeat of the Gaza Empire. Thus began Portugal's factual colonization of Mozambique. A few years earlier, Protestant missionaries of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Mission bad attempted to begin mission work within the Gaza Empire. Although invited by the King, the effort failed and the missionaries settled near the town of Inhambane, within the Portuguese realm. Catholic Missions, which had been successful during the previous centuries, had ceased to function in all Mozambique, as Religious Orders bad been prohibited since 1834. Seemingly, the arrival of Protestants to Inhambane and also to Lourenço Marques, however, stimulated the Catholic Church into action, and around 1890 new Missions were established "to combat the Protestant propaganda". Meanwhile, the American Board missionaries withdrew, and from 1893 we find American Methodists working in their stead. Part Two of the dissertation deals with the time of the Republic in Portugal, from 1910. Strongly anti-clerical, the Republicans enforced the separation of the Church from the State. This led to difficult times for the Catholic Missions in Mozambique, while it facilitated, somewhat, the task of the Protestants. However, the urge to "civilize the natives" gradually made the Republicans accept the Catholic Missions as "civilizing factors". The spirit of this period allowed for the development of the first Independent African Churches in Mozambique, as well as a first African attempt at political independence. Part Three, 1926-1960, pictures the firmer political grip of "0 Estado Novo", under dictator Antonio Salazar. Forced labour and oppression were the lot of the people, and the Portuguese Catholic Church became the "spiritual arm of the State". "Portugalization" was the new formula. This placed all education of the Africans into the bands of the Catholic Missions, simultaneously closing all Protestant village schools. The period is characterized by a "tug-of-war" between Catholics and the Protestants, who survived by experimentation with new methods and, paradoxically, grew in numbers. The final part of this dissertation, 1961-1974, deals with the Liberation Struggle of FRELIMO, and the Portuguese response. The Portuguese Catholic Church was still, unfailingly, supporting the political regime and its war efforts. Gradually, a growing force of opposition within the Church became courageously active. Meanwhile, Protestant Missions prepared for the future by "africanizing" their structures, and some were made to suffer for alleged subversion, before the "Carnation Revolution" in 1974 put a sudden end to war activities. I suggest that several elements within the Church history of Mozambique contributed to the negative attitude towards religion, which was displayed by FRELIMO during the first years of independence.

M.Tech. Drama and Film Studies. / The aim of this thesis is to explore the concept of Africanisation in the context of the Yoruba culture of the South West of Nigeria. It seeks to study the nature and form of life among the Yoruba people through the lens of selected plays by playwright and novelist Wole Soyinka, focusing on the motivations for the culture that is observed among the Yoruba speaking people. This study seeks to answer two major questions using the qualitative research method. These questions are: What cultural hallmarks and identities of the Yoruba people are represented in the selected plays of Wole Soyinka, which are Death and the Kings Horseman, The Strong Breed and The Lion and the Jewel and how are these represented? And, what is Africanisation and how has Africa responded to it? In order to achieve the above aims, the thesis is written in two parts. The first part focuses on Africanisation and African Renaissance, while the second part focuses on the analysis of the culture of the Yoruba people as presented by Wole Soyinka in the selected plays. As a philosophy, Africanisation entails, but is not limited to, the art of producing and appraising a knowledge system based on African cultures for the benefit of Africa and the world at large. According to Makhanya, Africanisation is acknowledging and introducing knowledge systems that are rooted in and relevant to Africa next to other knowledge systems in the quest to discover, explain and produce knowledge (cited in Ratshikuni, 2010:1). The selected plays analysed are culturally rich Yoruba plays. Some of the ethos of the Yoruba people, including communal life, music and drumming, naming, sacrifice, and death, among others, as represented by the playwright are expounded upon and documented. vi The methodology employed to obtain data for this study is the qualitative research method. This entails content analysis of the plays with a view to studying the cultural content in the plays. In conclusion, the thesis argues that Yoruba culture has sufficient value that can be of great benefit to the unity and progress of Africa and the world at large. But first, Africa and Africans must embrace their cultural values, expose them to the world and allow some culture of the world to blend with it so as to create a greater, meaningful and global impact.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:21:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 4282.pdf: 3615075 bytes, checksum: 6892b5fe2df64eef0eef789c1ee1a527 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012-03-30 / Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos / The Africanization process of Apis mellifera has raised several questions about the genetic makeup of resulting populations. This study aimed to identify the number, frequency and distribution of different mitochondrial haplotypes, as well as their origin in Africanized colonies sampled in different regions of the country. In this sense, 1626 colonies, 1048 from Brazil and the remaining from 12 other countries. Including samples from scutellata, iberiensis, and ligustica subspecies, Africanized and non-Africanized honeybees from South America and Central America were analyzed. Identification of patterns was done by PCR-RFLP of COI region with endonucleases BclI and TaqI, followed by sequencing of representative samples of these patterns. These results are then related to the patterns already described for COI-COII region of the same samples by Collet et al. (2206). Geographic association between observed electrophoretic patterns and the relationships among haplotypes allowed us to make certain inferences regarding geographical origin of these patterns. BclI generated three restriction patterns, designated 1, 2 and 3, while TaqI generated four restriction patterns, A, B, C and D. These patterns resulted in seven composite patterns formed by the association of patterns produced by the two nucleases in samples from Brazil. When previous data on the DraI restriction patterns of the intergenic region COI-COII were considered, 17 composite haplotypes were observed in those samples. Samples from Brazil, South Africa, Kenya, Portugal, Spain, Italy and Chile (n = 90) were submitted to sequencing reaction, generating 35 haplotypes and 13 different aminoacid sequences. Our data demonstrated that simple association of restriction patterns was not adequate to infer geographic origin of mitochondrial lineages in Africanized populations, a task which requires knowledge of their corresponding nucleotide sequences. It was possible to infer the origin of 11 of the 17 composite COI and COI-COII haplotypes found in samples from Brazil. COI patterns did not show a clinal distribution like the one observed with COI-COII patterns. Our data clearly indicates nucleotide and amino acid substitutions privative to European and African / Africanized samples, a matter that deserves subsequent research. / O processo de africanização de Apis mellifera fez surgir diversas questões acerca da constituição genética da população resultante. Esse trabalho teve por objetivo identificar o número, a freqüência e a distribuição dos diferentes haplótipos mitocondriais, bem como sua possível origem nas colônias africanizadas amostradas em diferentes regiões do país. Neste sentido, foram analisadas amostras de 1.626 colônias, sendo 1048 do Brasil e as demais de outros 12 países, incluindo amostras de A. m. scutellata, A. m. iberiensis, A. m. ligustica, africanizadas e não-africanizadas da América do Sul e Central. A identificação desses padrões foi feita por PCR-RFLP da região COI com as endonucleases BclI e TaqI, seguida pelo sequenciamento de amostras representativas desses padrões. Esses resultados foram, então, associados aos padrões já descritos para a região COI-COII das mesmas amostras por Collet et al. (2006). A associação geográfica entre os padrões eletroforéticos observados e as relações entre os haplótipos sequenciados estabelecidas em rede de haplótipos permitiram efetuar certas inferências quanto à origem geográfica destes padrões. Foram identificados três padrões BclI, denominados 1, 2 e 3 e quatro padrões TaqI, denominados A, B, C e D. Sete padrões compósitos, formados pela associação dos padrões das duas nucleases,foram identificados em amostras do Brasil. Quando dados anteriores de padrões de digestão da região intergênica COI-COII com a endonuclease DraI são considerados, 17 padrões foram verificados nestas amostras. Dentre as 90 amostras sequenciadas do Brasil, África do Sul, Quênia, Portugal, Espanha, Itália e Chile foram observados 35 haplótipos distintos que respondem por 13 diferentes sequências de aminoácidos. Nossos dados demonstraram que a simples associação entre padrões de restrição não se constituiu em meio seguro para se inferir a origem das linhagens mitocondriais em populações africanizadas, sendo mais indicado realizar subsequentemente o sequenciamento dos fragmentos que geraram estes padrões. Foi possível inferir a origem de 11 de 17 padrões associados COI-COII e COI encontrados no Brasil. Não foi observada distribuição clinal entre os padrões COI como o verificado em COI-COII. Os dados apontam claramente para substituições nucleotídicas e de aminoácidos exclusivas em amostras de origem européia e africanas/africanizadas, uma questão que merece uma pesquisa subsequente.

Cette étude compare les relations entre les communautés asiatique (indienne) et africaine dans la province de Nyanza et la Western province en suivant la problématique des relations inter-communautaires. Elle examine, compare les racines de la présence asiatique (indienne) et de l’occupation humaine dans ces deux provinces depuis 1901 ; elle explore les fondements et la dynamique des relations socio-économique entre les deux communautés. Des études ont portésur les Indiens au Kenya. Toutefois, aucune recherche scientifique n'a été faite pour comparer les relations entre les communautés asiatiques et africaines vivant dans différentes provinces du Kenya, dont la province de Nyanza et la Western province ; ce déficit a justifié une telle étude devenue nécessaire. Suivant un plan chronologique, des périodes politico-économiques, l'étude s'articule autour de quatre hypothèses de base sur un modèle, commun ou non, d’occupation duterritoire, sur les causes des conflits Afro-indiens, sur le rôle économique de la communauté, indienne sur les niveaux d'intégration inter-communautaires dans les deux provinces. L'étude utilise le cadre théorique postcolonial comme un outil d’analyse. L'étude révèle des espaces postcoloniaux comme des espaces chaotiques et pluriels, caractérisés par des contestations et négociations socio-économiques. Toutefois, ces contestations sont pacifiées et neutralisées par lanature hybride des qu'un certain nombre de valeurs indiennes ont été empruntées par les africains. / This chapter explores the concept of Indian diasporic communities within the local and global context. The argument put forth here is that the term diaspora evokes geographies of Identity and makes the whole Asian community a subject of study not only globally but also locally. The theoretical formulation underpinning this study is explored with the post-colonialtheoretical framework taking center stage as the tool of analysis. The Indian question within the Kenyan context is raised in this chapter as the basis upon which Afro-Asian socioeconomic and political contestations were anchored on. It is against this background that Afro-Asian socio-economic relations in Nyanza and Western provinces of Kenya are discussed. These discussions are supported by epistemological and empirical evidence obtained from oral informants, secondary and primary data across the two provinces of study.

Text in Afrikaans / Afrikanisering en universiteitsonderwys: 'n histories-opvoedkundige deurskouing en evaluering In hierdie studie is 'n beskrywing van en verklaring vir die ontstaan, ontwikkeling en betekenis van die begrip afrikanisering gegee. Daar is bevind dat die begrip afrikanisering 'n emosiebelaaide en polities sensitiewe begrip is wat saam met verbandhoudende begrippe soos Afrika-persoonlikheid, Negritude, Afrosentrisme, Ethiopianisme, lokalisering en swartbewussyn 'n ge"integreerde deel vorm van die strewe om nie net politieke onafhanklikheid vir Afrika-kolonies en Afrikane te verkry en te handhaaf nie, maar om hierdie onafhanklikheid ook op sosio-ekonomiese en kulturele gebiede te verseker. Die standpunte van verskeie pleitbesorgers van afrikanisering is ontleed en na aanleiding daarvan is 'n vergelyking tussen vroeere afrikaniseringspogings in Brits Wes-Afrika en die in Suid-Afrika getref. Nadat 'n aantal implikasies van afrikanisering vir Suid-Afrikaanse universiteite aangedui is, is enkele toekomsperspektiewe rakende die afrikanisering van universiteite in Suid-Afrika geformuleer. / Africanisation and university education: an historical-educational explication and evaluation In this study a description of and explanation for the origin, development and meaning of the concept africanisation is given. It can be concluded that the concept africanisation is emotive and politically sensitive and together with related concepts such as African personality, Negritude, Afrocentrism, Ethiopianism, localisation and Black consciousness it forms an integrated part of the aspiration not only to gain and maintain political independence for African colonies and Africans, but also to secure this identity in the socio-economic and cultural fields. The views of various advocates/proponents of africanisation were analysed and based on this analysis a comparison between the earlier africanisation attempts in British West Africa and those in South Africa was drawn. After some implications of africanisation for South African universities were indicated, a number of future perspectives with regard to the africanisation of universities in South Africa were formulated. / Educational Studies / D. Ed. (Historiese Opvoedkunde)

Text in Afrikaans / Afrikanisering en universiteitsonderwys: 'n histories-opvoedkundige deurskouing en evaluering In hierdie studie is 'n beskrywing van en verklaring vir die ontstaan, ontwikkeling en betekenis van die begrip afrikanisering gegee. Daar is bevind dat die begrip afrikanisering 'n emosiebelaaide en polities sensitiewe begrip is wat saam met verbandhoudende begrippe soos Afrika-persoonlikheid, Negritude, Afrosentrisme, Ethiopianisme, lokalisering en swartbewussyn 'n ge"integreerde deel vorm van die strewe om nie net politieke onafhanklikheid vir Afrika-kolonies en Afrikane te verkry en te handhaaf nie, maar om hierdie onafhanklikheid ook op sosio-ekonomiese en kulturele gebiede te verseker. Die standpunte van verskeie pleitbesorgers van afrikanisering is ontleed en na aanleiding daarvan is 'n vergelyking tussen vroeere afrikaniseringspogings in Brits Wes-Afrika en die in Suid-Afrika getref. Nadat 'n aantal implikasies van afrikanisering vir Suid-Afrikaanse universiteite aangedui is, is enkele toekomsperspektiewe rakende die afrikanisering van universiteite in Suid-Afrika geformuleer. / Africanisation and university education: an historical-educational explication and evaluation In this study a description of and explanation for the origin, development and meaning of the concept africanisation is given. It can be concluded that the concept africanisation is emotive and politically sensitive and together with related concepts such as African personality, Negritude, Afrocentrism, Ethiopianism, localisation and Black consciousness it forms an integrated part of the aspiration not only to gain and maintain political independence for African colonies and Africans, but also to secure this identity in the socio-economic and cultural fields. The views of various advocates/proponents of africanisation were analysed and based on this analysis a comparison between the earlier africanisation attempts in British West Africa and those in South Africa was drawn. After some implications of africanisation for South African universities were indicated, a number of future perspectives with regard to the africanisation of universities in South Africa were formulated. / Educational Studies / D. Ed. (Historiese Opvoedkunde)

The thrust of this study proceeds from the presupposition that first, the Cush texts of the Old Testament which may be used as a conduit for finding `Africa' in the Bible have generally been `ignored' or not given the priority they deserve especially by traditional western biblical scholarship. Second, that when, however, they have been accorded a `token paragraph or two', the interpretations given more often than not tend to portray a negative image of the African Cush. As a result, those of African ancestry who tend to trace their identity (however that term is understood) and historical roots to the biblical Cush tend to take offence at such interpretations. They perceive them as a deliberate attempt to `de-Africanize' or `de-emphasize' the African presence in and contribution to the Bible. This thesis argues that there are serious consequences for `de-Africanizing' the Bible, especially for the African peoples. This constitutes the fundamental argument in chapter one. To highlight the problem dogging the Cush texts even more, a sample excursion into the works of the major interpreters of the Cush texts is offered. As a result of this, two groups of scholars emerge: the Eurocentric on one hand, and the Afrocentric on the other. It is observed that each of the two groups more or less interprets the texts from its own cultural perspective. This is basically the subject matter of chapter two. Against this background, the researcher is consequently obligated to return to the sources and, in so doing, attempts another re-reading of all the fifty-six Cush texts from the historical-critical perspective, as well as from other perspectives. This is carried out with the intention of developing an interpretative model which, first of all, does justice to all the Cush texts, thereby offsetting what traditional western biblical scholarship has hitherto done; and which, second, attempts to offer an interpretation of the Cush texts which tries to take into consideration both Eurocentric as well as Afrocentric perspectives and concerns. In this way, a balance of sorts is struck. This is the main focus of chapters three, four and five, which comprise the main corpus of this thesis. The approach employed in the analysis of the Cush references is a `thematic' one. In other words, texts are grouped according to their presumed `themes' and are analyzed under the subtitles of `Preliminary remarks' and `Analytical remarks'. The former generally focus on literary matters such as those pertaining to the grammar and syntax of the MT, although to a certain extent are also interpretative. The latter attempts an explanation of the given reference as the main focus, but also takes into consideration the views of other scholars. This is how all the references are treated. The MT however is the pivot around which all the analyses hinge. The procedure is `fluid', however, in that there is much overlapping of the arguments put forward. Finally, a conclusion summarizing the findings related to all the references belonging to one thematic group is provided at the end of each chapter. The last chapter, which comprises the conclusion to the whole thesis, focuses on the importance and challenges of the Cush texts for Africa. In this connection a way forward is also proposed as to how such texts may be organized and read with some sense in a context of higher learning such as that which obtains in an African University. / Biblical and Ancient studies / D. Th. (Old Testament)

The thrust of this study proceeds from the presupposition that first, the Cush texts of the Old Testament which may be used as a conduit for finding `Africa' in the Bible have generally been `ignored' or not given the priority they deserve especially by traditional western biblical scholarship. Second, that when, however, they have been accorded a `token paragraph or two', the interpretations given more often than not tend to portray a negative image of the African Cush. As a result, those of African ancestry who tend to trace their identity (however that term is understood) and historical roots to the biblical Cush tend to take offence at such interpretations. They perceive them as a deliberate attempt to `de-Africanize' or `de-emphasize' the African presence in and contribution to the Bible. This thesis argues that there are serious consequences for `de-Africanizing' the Bible, especially for the African peoples. This constitutes the fundamental argument in chapter one. To highlight the problem dogging the Cush texts even more, a sample excursion into the works of the major interpreters of the Cush texts is offered. As a result of this, two groups of scholars emerge: the Eurocentric on one hand, and the Afrocentric on the other. It is observed that each of the two groups more or less interprets the texts from its own cultural perspective. This is basically the subject matter of chapter two. Against this background, the researcher is consequently obligated to return to the sources and, in so doing, attempts another re-reading of all the fifty-six Cush texts from the historical-critical perspective, as well as from other perspectives. This is carried out with the intention of developing an interpretative model which, first of all, does justice to all the Cush texts, thereby offsetting what traditional western biblical scholarship has hitherto done; and which, second, attempts to offer an interpretation of the Cush texts which tries to take into consideration both Eurocentric as well as Afrocentric perspectives and concerns. In this way, a balance of sorts is struck. This is the main focus of chapters three, four and five, which comprise the main corpus of this thesis. The approach employed in the analysis of the Cush references is a `thematic' one. In other words, texts are grouped according to their presumed `themes' and are analyzed under the subtitles of `Preliminary remarks' and `Analytical remarks'. The former generally focus on literary matters such as those pertaining to the grammar and syntax of the MT, although to a certain extent are also interpretative. The latter attempts an explanation of the given reference as the main focus, but also takes into consideration the views of other scholars. This is how all the references are treated. The MT however is the pivot around which all the analyses hinge. The procedure is `fluid', however, in that there is much overlapping of the arguments put forward. Finally, a conclusion summarizing the findings related to all the references belonging to one thematic group is provided at the end of each chapter. The last chapter, which comprises the conclusion to the whole thesis, focuses on the importance and challenges of the Cush texts for Africa. In this connection a way forward is also proposed as to how such texts may be organized and read with some sense in a context of higher learning such as that which obtains in an African University. / Biblical and Ancient studies / D. Th. (Old Testament)

Submitted by Johnny Rodrigues (johnnyrodrigues@ufcg.edu.br) on 2018-05-15T17:57:54Z No. of bitstreams: 1 JOSÉ TOMAZ DE AQUINO - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGSA PROFISSIONAL 2013..pdf: 1522630 bytes, checksum: 67ae7d0f19a1c3206eca380aa90b19d0 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-15T17:57:54Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 JOSÉ TOMAZ DE AQUINO - DISSERTAÇÃO PPGSA PROFISSIONAL 2013..pdf: 1522630 bytes, checksum: 67ae7d0f19a1c3206eca380aa90b19d0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-07 / A africanização foi responsável por muitas mudanças no comportamento das abelhas européias, que já habitavam no Brasil há algum tempo. Objetivou-se analisar a agressividade de colônias apis mellífera no semiárido paraibano. A pesquisa foi realizada no município de Cajazeiras, PB em um apiário no distrito de Catolé. O município está situado na região semiárida do Nordeste brasileiro, no estado da Paraíba. O apiário é composto por 60 colmeias com enxames de abelhas africanizadas (Apis mellifera) e está instalado no local desde 1983. Todas as caixas foram enumeradas na parte frontal do ninho para facilitar a identificação. Foram selecionadas 20 colmeias, dessas 20 foram escolhidas 10, nas quais se forneceu a alimentação artificial, as outras 10 colmeias não foram alimentadas artificialmente. Os testes foram realizados em três momentos que compreende os meses de agosto, outubro e dezembro de 2012. Os parâmetros analisados foram Tempo para ocorrer a primeira ferroada em um retalho de camurça, número de ferrões deixados no retalho de camurça preto, número de abelhas que atacaram e foram presas no recipiente, distância que as abelhas perseguem o observador e tempo para a calmaria das abelhas. Para o tempo de ocorrência para a primeira ferroada, a colônia 24 alimentada levou um menor tempo para atacar, indicando ser mais agressiva. Para as colônias não alimentadas a colônia 26 foi a que apresentou um maior numero de abelhas atacando nos primeiros 60s. Para as colônias alimentadas não houve diferença entre a colônia 40 e a 46, sendo a colônia 46 a que teve um maior número de abelhas que atacaram. Para a distancia percorrida a colônia 14 não alimentada foi a que perseguiu o observador a uma distancia maior com uma media de 436,8m, já para as colônias alimentadas a colônia 49 foi a que perseguiu a uma maior distancia chegando a 488,3m. Os estudos de defensividade demonstraram que existem diferenças em relação ao nível de defensividade das colônias de apis melífera estudadas, sendo necessário mais estudo para melhor analisar a defensividade de abelhas no semiárido paraibano. / The Africanization was responsible for many changes in the behavior of European honey bees, which inhabited in Brazil for some time. This study aimed to analyze the aggressiveness apis mellifera colonies in semiarid Paraiba. The survey was conducted in the municipality of Cajazeiras PB in an apiary District of Catole. The municipality is located in the semiarid region of northeastern Brazil, in the state of Paraiba. The apiary is composed of 60 hives with swarms of Africanized honey bees (Apis mellifera) and is installed in that place since 1983. All the boxes were listed in front of the nest to facilitate identification. 20 colonies were selected, 10 of these 20 were selected, which are provided in the artificial feeding, the other 10 colonies were not artificially fed. The tests were conducted in three stages comprising the months of August, October and December 2012. The parameters analyzed were to occur the first time in sting retail suede, number of stings left in black suede flap, the number of bees that attacked and were arrested in the container, the bees chase away the observer and time for the lull bees. For the time of occurrence for the first sting, the colony fed 24 took a little time to attack, indicating that more aggressive. For colonies not fed the colony 26 showed the greater number of bees attacking in the first 60s. For colonies fed no difference between the colony 40 and 46, 46 being the colony that had a greater number of bees attacked. Distance traveled to the colony 14 was not fed that chased the observer at a distance greater with an average of 436,8 m , while for the 49 colonies fed the colony that was pursued to a greater distance reaching 488,3 m . Defensiveness studies demonstrated that differences exist in the level of defensiveness of apis mellifera colonies studied, more study is needed to better analyze the defensiveness of bees in the semiarid Paraiba.