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The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers
to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is
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Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
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Etude de l’évolution des tactiques et stratégies de la politique étrangère des Etats-Unis en Afrique subsaharienne depuis 1960 : des Peace Corps à AFRICOM / Study of the Evolution of Tactics and Strategies of U.S. Foreign Policy in Sub-Saharan Africa since 1960 : from the Peace Corps to AFRICOMKpohazounde, Fifatin Grace 04 November 2016 (has links)
La thèse de ce travail de recherche est de démontrer la transformation vers une militarisation inévitable de la politique étrangère des États-Unis en Afrique subsaharienne, depuis la fin de la guerre froide, au début des années 1990, afin de protéger et d’étendre les intérêts capitalistes des États-Unis dans cette région. Une transformation qui va de pair avec l’évolution de l’importance géopolitique de l’Afrique subsaharienne pour les États-Unis, économiquement, politiquement et militairement. Nous étudions les périodes de guerre froide et d’après-guerre froide, deux contextes différents qui présentent des enjeux distincts pour la mise en œuvre de la politique étrangère américaine en Afrique subsaharienne, une région traditionnellement sous influence européenne. La première période étant largement caractérisée par un enjeu idéologique entre les États-Unis et le bloc Soviétique ; tandis que la période d’après-guerre froide reflète de nouveaux intérêts politiques, économiques et militaires pour les États-Unis, plus spécifiquement l’émergence de nouveaux partenaires économiques de l’Afrique subsaharienne, une nouvelle compétition pour l’accès aux ressources naturelles, ainsi que la menace terroriste. Ces développements ont forcé une réévaluation des intérêts géopolitiques des États-Unis en Afrique subsaharienne. Notre travail de recherche examinera donc comment ces dynamiques évolutives influent sur les tactiques, les stratégies et les logistiques de politique étrangère des États-Unis dans cette région. Les objectifs de la politique étrangère étatsunienne sont-ils les mêmes pendant les deux périodes? Quelles sont les constances et les mutations des stratégies américaines en Afrique subsaharienne? Quelles nouvelles tactiques ont été développées et avec quels résultats ont-elles été appliquées ? Quelles leçons peut-on tirer de l’histoire récente de la politique étrangère des États-Unis en Afrique subsaharienne ? / The thesis of this work is to demonstrate the unavoidable shift towards a militarization of U.S. foreign policy toward Sub-Saharan Africa following the end of the Cold War beginning in the 1990’s, in order to protect and expand the capitalist interests of the United States in that region. A shift that evolves in parallel with the growing geopolitical importance of Sub-Saharan Africa to the United States (U.S.) --economically, politically and militarily. We study the cold-war and post-cold-war periods of US foreign policy, as two distinctly different contexts presenting unique challenges to the implementation of U.S. foreign policy in Sub-Saharan Africa, a region traditionally under European influence. The first period is characterized largely by ideological warfare between the United States and the Socialist Bloc; while the post-cold-war period, reflects new political, economic and military interests for the U.S., more specifically the emergence of new economic partners in Sub-Saharan Africa, and a new competition for access to natural resources, as well as a new need for security form the terrorist threat. These developments required a re-assessment of America’s geopolitical interests in Sub-Saharan Africa. In this thesis, we will then analyze the impact of these evolving dynamics on the tactics, strategies and logistics of the US foreign policy in Sub-Saharan Africa. Are the objectives of US policy the same during the two periods? What constant aspects can be found and what mutations of the U.S. strategy in Sub-Saharan Africa? What new tactics have been developed and with what results have they been applied? What lessons can be learned from the recent history of U.S. foreign policy in Sub-Saharan Africa?
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“Accumulation by Dispossession” by the Global Extractive Industry: The Case of CanadaKinuthia, Wanyee 13 November 2013 (has links)
This thesis draws on David Harvey’s concept of “accumulation by dispossession” and an international political economy (IPE) approach centred on the institutional arrangements and power structures that privilege certain actors and values, in order to critique current capitalist practices of primitive accumulation by the global corporate extractive industry. The thesis examines how accumulation by dispossession by the global extractive industry is facilitated by the “free entry” or “free mining” principle. It does so by focusing on Canada as a leader in the global extractive industry and the spread of this country’s mining laws to other countries – in other words, the transnationalisation of norms in the global extractive industry – so as to maintain a consistent and familiar operating environment for Canadian extractive companies. The transnationalisation of norms is further promoted by key international institutions such as the World Bank, which is also the world’s largest development lender and also plays a key role in shaping the regulations that govern natural resource extraction. The thesis briefly investigates some Canadian examples of resource extraction projects, in order to demonstrate the weaknesses of Canadian mining laws, particularly the lack of protection of landowners’ rights under the free entry system and the subsequent need for “free, prior and informed consent” (FPIC). The thesis also considers some of the challenges to the adoption and implementation of the right to FPIC. These challenges include embedded institutional structures like the free entry mining system, international political economy (IPE) as shaped by international institutions and powerful corporations, as well as concerns regarding ‘local’ power structures or the legitimacy of representatives of communities affected by extractive projects. The thesis concludes that in order for Canada to be truly recognized as a leader in the global extractive industry, it must establish legal norms domestically to ensure that Canadian mining companies and residents can be held accountable when there is evidence of environmental and/or human rights violations associated with the activities of Canadian mining companies abroad. The thesis also concludes that Canada needs to address underlying structural issues such as the free entry mining system and implement FPIC, in order to curb “accumulation by dispossession” by the extractive industry, both domestically and abroad.
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“Accumulation by Dispossession” by the Global Extractive Industry: The Case of CanadaKinuthia, Wanyee January 2013 (has links)
This thesis draws on David Harvey’s concept of “accumulation by dispossession” and an international political economy (IPE) approach centred on the institutional arrangements and power structures that privilege certain actors and values, in order to critique current capitalist practices of primitive accumulation by the global corporate extractive industry. The thesis examines how accumulation by dispossession by the global extractive industry is facilitated by the “free entry” or “free mining” principle. It does so by focusing on Canada as a leader in the global extractive industry and the spread of this country’s mining laws to other countries – in other words, the transnationalisation of norms in the global extractive industry – so as to maintain a consistent and familiar operating environment for Canadian extractive companies. The transnationalisation of norms is further promoted by key international institutions such as the World Bank, which is also the world’s largest development lender and also plays a key role in shaping the regulations that govern natural resource extraction. The thesis briefly investigates some Canadian examples of resource extraction projects, in order to demonstrate the weaknesses of Canadian mining laws, particularly the lack of protection of landowners’ rights under the free entry system and the subsequent need for “free, prior and informed consent” (FPIC). The thesis also considers some of the challenges to the adoption and implementation of the right to FPIC. These challenges include embedded institutional structures like the free entry mining system, international political economy (IPE) as shaped by international institutions and powerful corporations, as well as concerns regarding ‘local’ power structures or the legitimacy of representatives of communities affected by extractive projects. The thesis concludes that in order for Canada to be truly recognized as a leader in the global extractive industry, it must establish legal norms domestically to ensure that Canadian mining companies and residents can be held accountable when there is evidence of environmental and/or human rights violations associated with the activities of Canadian mining companies abroad. The thesis also concludes that Canada needs to address underlying structural issues such as the free entry mining system and implement FPIC, in order to curb “accumulation by dispossession” by the extractive industry, both domestically and abroad.
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