Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:58:33Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2007- Maxwell Mercon Tezolin Barros Almeida.pdf: 1302858 bytes, checksum: 1bdf7888e20d418ce73170bea64d112e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-03-16 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / One of the main limitations to the organic food production is the reduced availability of low cost and efficient nitrogen (N) sources. Green manuring practices, in rotation or intercropped, have been used, but hardly are they able to supply crop needs. This dissertation presents an innovative technology of green manuring, derived of the cutting, dehydration and milling of the aerial biomass of some plants from Leguminosae family (with high potential of biological N2 fixation, N accumulation and handling easiness), with posterior storage and use of the produced material, called legume fertilizer. The technology allows the green manure storage, the production systematization and its use in more appropriate amounts and times, favoring the synchronization/efficiency of N provision. The objects of this study were: the development and evaluation of different production forms of legume fertilizers three herbaceous species: velvet bean (Mucuna pruriens), sunn hemp (Crotalaria juncea) and arachis (Arachis pintoi), and two species of tree: gliricidia (Gliricidia sepium) and leucaena (Leucaena leucocephala) ; the physical and chemical characterization of these materials, the utilization potential as alternative sources of N for organic farming systems, their influence on the shelf life of lettuce (Lactuca sativa cv. Vera), on chemical and biological soil attributes and on germination and establishment of arugula (Eruca sativa cv. Cultivada) seedlings. Three experiments have been conducted: one in field with lettuce, and two in green house with arugula. Legume fertilizers were compared at N basis with poultry bed manure from meat industry. The gliricidia fertilizer showed better physical and chemical attributes (lower C/N and lignin/N ratios) implying higher potential for biodisponibilization of N. This potential was corroborated for two experiments, in which the concentration and accumulation of N in the aerial part of lettuce and arugula was significantly superior to the other organic sources of N (velvet bean fertilizer and poultry bed manure). However, in the other experiment of arugula, the efficiency of five legume fertilizers and poultry bed manure were similar. The incorporation and the reduction of the applied doses of N had increased the efficiency of the provision of N for arugula. Antagonistic effect had been only observed on the germination and establishment of arugula seedlings when the legume fertilizers had been incorporated in the soil, but not when applied in surface. Lettuce shelf life was not affected by application of these organic sources of used N. The legume fertilizers and the poultry bed manure had favored the accumulation of C and total N, and the soil microbial activity with similar magnitudes. This dissertation indicates that legume fertilizers are promising sources of N for the organic farming systems, capable to replace the factory poultry bed manure at the same N level. This potential assumes relevance since poultry bed manure, one of the most used and efficient sources of organic of N, has some restrictions for its use in organic agriculture. / Um dos principais entraves ? produ??o org?nica de alimentos ? a reduzida disponibilidade de fontes de nitrog?nio (N) eficientes e de baixo custo. Pr?ticas de aduba??o verde, em rota??o ou cons?rcio, t?m sido utilizadas, mas dificilmente conseguem garantir as exig?ncias das culturas. Esta disserta??o apresenta uma tecnologia inovadora de aduba??o verde, derivada do corte, desidrata??o e moagem da biomassa a?rea de determinadas plantas da fam?lia Leguminosae (com elevado potencial de fixa??o biol?gica de N2, ac?mulo de N e facilidade de manejo), com posterior armazenagem e uso do material produzido, denominado fertilizante de leguminosa. A tecnologia permite a estocagem do adubo verde, a sistematiza??o da produ??o e seu uso em quantidades e ?pocas mais adequadas, favorecendo a sincronia/efici?ncia da provis?o de N. Foram objetos deste estudo: o desenvolvimento e a avalia??o de diferentes formas de produ??o de fertilizantes de leguminosas tr?s de esp?cies herb?ceas: mucuna cinza (Mucuna pruriens), crotal?ria (Crotalaria juncea) e arachis (Arachis pintoi), e dois de esp?cies arb?reas: gliric?dia (Gliricidia sepium) e leucena (Leucaena leucocephala) ; a caracteriza??o f?sica e qu?mica desses materiais, o potencial de uso como fontes alternativas de N para sistemas org?nicos de produ??o, a influ?ncia das aduba??es sobre a vida ?til p?s-colheita de alface (Lactuca sativa cv. Vera), sobre atributos qu?micos e biol?gicos do solo e sobre a germina??o e estabelecimento de pl?ntulas de r?cula (Eruca sativa cv. Cultivada). Tr?s experimentos foram conduzidos: um em campo com a cultura da alface, e dois em vasos com r?cula. Em todos eles, as aduba??es com os fertilizantes de leguminosas foram comparadas com cama de avi?rio industrial, proveniente de galp?o de frangos para abate, assegurando-se doses equivalentes de N-total. O fertilizante de gliric?dia foi o que apresentou maior potencial f?sico e qu?mico para biodisponibiliza??o de N (rela??es C/N e lignina/N, baixas). Esse potencial foi corroborado por dois experimentos, nos quais a concentra??o e ac?mulo de N na parte a?rea de alface e r?cula foram significativamente superiores aos proporcionados pelas demais fontes org?nicas de N (fertilizante de mucuna cinza e cama de avi?rio). No entanto, no outro experimento de r?cula, a efici?ncia dos cinco fertilizantes de leguminosas e da cama de avi?rio foi semelhante. A incorpora??o e a diminui??o das doses de N aplicadas aumentaram a efici?ncia da provis?o de N para a r?cula. Efeitos antag?nicos, s? foram observados sobre a germina??o e estabelecimento das pl?ntulas de r?cula quando os fertilizantes de leguminosas foram incorporados ao solo, mas n?o quando aplicados em cobertura. A vida ?til p?s-colheita das alfaces n?o foi influenciada quanto ? fonte org?nica de N utilizada. Os fertilizantes de leguminosas e a cama de avi?rio favoreceram ao ac?mulo de C e N-total, e a atividade microbiana no solo com magnitudes semelhantes. Esta disserta??o indica que os fertilizantes de leguminosas s?o fontes promissoras de N para os sistemas org?nicos de produ??o, capazes de substituir a cama de avi?rio industrial, em dosagem equivalente de N-total. Esse potencial assume relev?ncia, tendo em vista que a cama de avi?rio, uma das fontes de org?nicas de N mais usadas e eficazes, sofre restri??es quanto ao seu emprego em agricultura org?nica.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:58:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2002 - Vinicius Vitoi Silva.pdf: 1054315 bytes, checksum: 51a5727d70f7700de341d0a3b25059da (MD5) Previous issue date: 2002-03-22 / This study was carried out under field conditions at the Agroecological Integrated Production System (AIPS) to chose the best option of cover crop to much the soil suface for broccoli organic managed in no-tillagem systems. The experiment was set in a randomized blocks design with four treatments during two years in the same field location. In the first year the treatment used was, sorghum; millet; sum hemp and weeds as control. In the second year was replaced to a misture sum hamp and sorghum to optimize the benefits of utilization of legume. The cover crop was cut and left in the soil surface as mulch to provide a thick residue that release nutrients and suppress growth of weeds and prove a best environment to broccoli development. This study included evaluation relating with biomas production, concentration and accumulation of nutrients at cover crop; decomposition rates and nutrients released at straws; weed community before and after cover crop was cut; broccoli marketable production and nutrients concentration at index leaves of broccoli. Sorghum; millet; sum hemp and sorghum plus sum hemp mixture production of straw was plus than 7,0 Mg ha-1 dry mass and proved a good much with the slowest decompositions rates. The decomposition rate and nutrient release rate was fast in weeds and slower in grass than legume. The mixture grass-legume has a intermediate rate whem is compared with sorghum and sun hemp monoculture. Legume accumulation plus Ca and grass plus K and P. The faster nutrient releases from mulch was K and the lowest was Ca, while N, P and Mg was variable among treatments. Legume grass mixture can improve quality of mulch because they have different root ability to nutrient up take. The straws of sorghum, millet, sum hemp and sorghum plus sum hemp mixture restring weed growth and show that is possible to reduce additional control measures. The index leaves of broccoli was able to show differences in nutrients up take only to K at the first year, when it was higher in broccoli planted in millet and sorghum residues, but at the second year N and P was higher in leaves of broccoli planted in sum hemp and mixture of sorghum plus sum hemp residue. At the broccoli marketable yield was better in cover crop than weeds. In the second year the mixture grass-legume effect in broccoli growth was similar to legume alone. / Foi conduzido um estudo de campo no Sistema Integrado de Produ??o Agroecol?gica (SIPA) com o objetivo de identificar a melhor op??o de planta de cobertura para produ??o de Br?colos (Brassica oleraceae L., var. italica) em Sistema Plantio Direto. Foi utilizado o delineamento experimental de blocos ao acaso com quatro repeti??es e quatro tratamentos e utilizado a mesma localiza??o no campo durante os dois anos. No primeiro experimento os tratamentos foram sorgo, milheto, crotal?ria e vegeta??o espont?nea como testemunha. No segundo experimento o tratamento com milheto foi substitu?do pelo cons?rcio entre sorgo e crotal?ria para otimizar o benef?cio da leguminosa. A cultura de cobertura foi cortada e deixada na superf?cie para forma a espessa camada de palha que libera nutriente, impede o crescimento de ervas e proporciona melhora ambiente para o crescimento do br?colo. O estudo incluiu a avalia??o da produ??o de fitomassa, teor e acumula??o de nutrientes nas plantas de cobertura; taxas de decomposi??o e libera??o de nutrientes da palhada; comunidade de plantas espont?neas antes e ap?s o corte das plantas de cobertura; produ??o comercial de br?colos e o teor de nutrientes na folha ?ndice do br?colos. Sorgo, milheto, crotal?ria e cons?rcio produziram acima de 7,0 Mg ha-1 de mat?ria seca proporcionando boa cobertura do solo cujas taxas de decomposi??o foram mais lentas. A decomposi??o e libera??o de nutrientes foi mais r?pida na vegeta??o espont?nea que nas gram?neas e leguminosa. O cons?rcio entre sorgo e crotal?ria apresentou taxa de decomposi??o intermedi?ria entre os valores observados nos tratamentos sorgo e crotal?ria solteiros, mas a libera??o de nutriente foi semelhante. A leguminosa acumulou maiores quantidades de N e Ca enquanto as gram?neas mais K e P. O nutriente K apresentou a maior velocidade de libera??o e Ca a menor velocidade de libera??o em todos tratamentos, enquanto N, P e Mg variaram entre tratamentos. O cons?rcio entre gram?nea e leguminosa melhora a qualidade da palhada devido a diferen?as na absor??o de nutrientes. A palhada de sorgo, milheto, crotal?ria e o cons?rcio crotal?ria e sorgo restringiram o estabelecimento de plantas espont?neas mostrando a viabilidade de reduzir a intensidade e freq??ncia de capinas. A folha ?ndice do br?colos identificou diferen?a na absor??o de nutrienntes apenas para o K no primeiro ano, quando foi maior no br?colos cultivado sobre res?duos de milheto e sorgo. No segundo ano o teor de N e P na folha ?ndice foi maior no br?colos cultivado sobre res?duos de crotal?ria e do cons?rcio. No primeiro ano todas as plantas de cobertura proporcionaram produ??o comercial de br?colos superior em rela??o ao controle com plantas espont?neas. No segundo ano o efeito dos res?duos de crotal?ria + sorgo proporcionou produ??o comercial semelhante ao melhor resultado que foi obtida sobre res?duos de crotal?ria solteira.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:58:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006-Edmilson Evangelista da Silva.pdf: 1489224 bytes, checksum: dd161137d6e6f221ffe192912c264f26 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-03-17 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / Human being has been searching for health foods and environmental conservation in a crescent path. Is this way, organic agriculture activities are showing good results. Nevertheless, several techniques need to be improved for farm adoption. The objective of this work was to evaluate a collard greens and green corn rotation intercropped with legume plants for green manuring in a no tillage system. This work started in May 2003 with the rotation of collard-corn-collard for two years in a SIPA (Integrated Agroecological Production System, Serop?dica, RJ). Mucuna deeringiana and Crotalaria spectabilis intercropped with collard, and C. juncea e M. pruriens intercropped with corn were used. Surface application of 0 and 200 kg ha-1 N-equivalent as poultry bed manure at 6th and 16th harvesting time (100 kg in each application) in 2003; 0 and 100 kg ha-1 of N at 10th harvesting time in 2004 for collard were used. The experimental design was a randomized complete block design, a factorial 3 x 2 with four replications. Treatments were kept in the same plots during all three cropping periods. Leaf number, yield, specific leaf area, leaf area index, and nutritional analysis were performed for collard, as well as number of corn spikes and nutritional status for corn. In the second collard cropping year chemical analysis and chemical fractionation analysis of soil were performed. Plant biomass, legume plant nutrient level, and biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) rate were determined. M. deeringiana and C. spectabilis yielded 1.5 Mg ha-1 of dry plant biomass where intercropped with collard, but BNF was significantly higher for Crotalaria sp. M. pruriens over C. juncea yielded 2.8 and 5.6 Mg ha-1 of dry plant biomass respectively where intercropped with corn. The presence of legume plants intercropped with collard promoted higher numbers of leaf and yield in 2003 and 2004. In 2004, collard leave from plots intercropped with M. pruriens were larger and more turgid, and with better nutritional status. Surface fertilization for collard increased yield, leaf number, leaf area index, and specific leaf area. Residual fertilization from collard cropped in 2003 affected positively corn plants, but there was no residual effect from legumes. Corn plants showed nutritional N deficiency symptoms. This indicated that residual effect from surface fertilization or green manuring were not sufficient for N supply to the crop. Soil carbon level increased on green manure and poultry bed surface fertilization plots. Preference for humin and humic acid formation, and higher levels of N, P, K, Ca e Mg occurred on places where surface organic fertilization was performed. Levels of Ca, K, carbon, and humin occured from starting to the ending point of the second cycle of collard cropping period, demonstrating the enrichment of the soil fertility. / O ser humano tem buscado cada vez mais alimentos saud?veis e a conserva??o do meio ambiente. Neste sentido, a agricultura org?nica em suas atividades tem conseguido bons resultados Entretanto, v?rias t?cnicas ainda devem ser aferidas para que pr?tica seja adotada pelos agricultores. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a rota??o couve e milho verde em cultivo intercalar com leguminosas para aduba??o verde, em plantio direto. O trabalho iniciou-se em maio de 2003 com rota??o couve-milho-couve por dois anos no SIPA (Sistema Integrado de Produ??o Agroecol?gica, Serop?dica, RJ). As leguminosas utilizadas foram Mucuna deeringiana e Crotalaria spectabilis em cons?rcio com a couve; C. juncea e M. pruriens com milho. Aduba??o em cobertura com cama de avi?rio nas doses equivalentes a 0 e 200 kg ha-1 de N na 6a e 16a colheita (100 kg em cada cobertura) em 2003 e 0 e 100 kg ha-1 de N na 10a colheita em 2004 nos cultivos de couve. O delineamento foi em blocos ao acaso, em fatorial 3 x 2, com quatro repeti??es. Os tratamentos foram conservados nas mesmas parcelas durante os tr?s cultivos. Na couve, foram analisados o n?mero de folhas, produtividade, ?rea foliar especifica, ?ndice de ?rea foliar e an?lise nutricional. No milho produtividade, n?mero de espigas e estado nutricional. No segundo ano de cultivo de couve foi realizada an?lise qu?mica e fracionamento qu?mico do solo. Nas leguminosas determinouse a biomassa produzida, teor de nutrientes e taxa de fixa??o biol?gica de nitrog?nio (FBN). Nos cultivos consorciados de couve as leguminosas M deeringiana e C. spectabilis aportaram cerca de 1,5 Mg ha-1 de mat?ria seca, entretanto a FBN foi significativamente maior para as esp?cies de Crotalaria spp. No milho as leguminosas promoveram aporte significativo de mat?ria seca, destacando-se M. pruriens sobre C. juncea com produtividades de 2,8 e 5,6 Mg ha-1, respectivamente. A presen?a das leguminosas em cons?rcio com a couve promoveram aumentos no n?mero de folhas e na produtividade em 2003 e 2004. As folhas de couve em 2004, nos tratamentos com M. pruriens, eram maiores e mais t?rgidas, al?m de estarem em melhor estado nutricional. A aduba??o em cobertura na couve aumentou a produtividade, n?mero de folhas, ?ndice de ?rea foliar e ?rea foliar espec?fica. As plantas de milho aproveitaram a aduba??o residual de 2003 na couve, mas m?o foi detectado efeito residual das leguminosas. Nutricionalmente as plantas de milho se encontravam deficientes em nitrog?nio, indicando que o efeito residual, tanto da aduba??o em cobertura e aduba??o verde, n?o era suficiente para suprir a cultura. Houve aumento no teor de carbono do solo no manejo com aduba??o verde e com aduba??o em cobertura com cama de avi?rio. Houve prefer?ncia na forma??o de huminas e ?cido h?mico, e maiores teores de N, P, K, Ca e Mg nos locais onde foi realizada aduba??o org?nica em cobertura. Do in?cio para o final do segundo ciclo de couve houve aumento nos teores de Ca, K, carbono e humina, demonstrando o enriquecimento da fertilidade do solo.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-03-14T18:37:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Elisamara Caldeira do Nascimento.pdf: 1795022 bytes, checksum: f0542dfea7f8bcf0ed2dc8ad2238d37d (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-03-14T18:37:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Elisamara Caldeira do Nascimento.pdf: 1795022 bytes, checksum: f0542dfea7f8bcf0ed2dc8ad2238d37d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-08-30 / CAPES / FAPERJ / Interest in organic agriculture has increased due to growing public concern with the quality of the food it consumes, the insecurity caused by rising food crises contamination and also aimed at environmental preservation. Organic agriculture offers numerous environmental advantages compared to conventional agriculture, since it is geared to improving biodiversity, restoring the natural ecological balance, soil conservation and water resources. Therefore, it is important to understand how and if these improvements are occurring in the environment and the soil in which agricultural systems are installed compared to other systems of occupation of areas. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the soil of organic production farms in the municipality of Serop?dica- RJ, belonging to producers of the SerOrg?nico organization, as well as areas of pasture and preserved forest. For this, the work was divided into three chapters. In the first, a questionnaire was applied based on the ministry of agriculture producers notebook for all farmers in the association. It was clear that all producers have a great sense of the importance of producing quality food and they know the main techniques for this purpose. However, the difficulties that pass are the same as those faced by all small brazilian producers are marketing difficulties, lack of access to financial credit and technical assistance. In the second chapter, soil samples were collected for evaluation of fertility, grain size analysis, chemical and grain size fracioanamento organic matter and analysis of bacterial diversity by independent analysis of culture (DGGE). The areas of organic farming showed no soil fertility results that express the positive effects of cropping system. However, the attributes that most affect the fertility of the studied areas are pH, Ca, H + Al, P, Carbon, V%, total clay and degree of flocculation. Fractionation of organic matter showed that the more stable fractions are most related to the C present in the evaluated areas and soil management beneficially altered the structure of bacterial communities. In the third chapter, we evaluated the nutritional value of corn plants and italian style tomato conditioned to different commercial inputs of phosphorus and potassium base allowed for organic production system. Both P sources, as for sources of K, did not contribute to differences in the accumulation of dry matter and nutrients in plants of tomatoes and corn, however the italian-type tomato productivity averages were higher than 44 t / ha-1 when treatments they were associated with castor bean, showing that it is a viable alternative sources of fertilizers to organic producers. / O interesse pela agricultura org?nica tem aumentado devido a crescente preocupa??o da popula??o com a qualidade dos alimentos que consome, pela inseguran?a provocada pelas crescentes crises alimentares, por contamina??o e tamb?m visando ? preserva??o ambiental. A agricultura org?nica oferece numerosas vantagens ambientais, comparativamente a agricultura convencional, uma vez que est? orientada para melhoria da biodiversidade, restabelecimento do equil?brio ecol?gico natural, conserva??o dos solos e dos recursos h?dricos. Portanto, ? importante entender como, e se estas melhorias est?o ocorrendo no ambiente e nos solos em que os sistemas agr?colas est?o instalados comparando-se a demais sistemas de ocupa??o das ?reas. A proposta deste estudo foi avaliar os solos das ?reas de produ??o org?nica do munic?pio de Serop?dica- RJ, que pertencem a associa??o de produtores SerOrg?nico, assim como ?reas de pastagem e de mata preservada. Para isto, o trabalho foi dividido em tr?s cap?tulos. No primeiro, foi aplicado um question?rio baseado no Caderno de Produtores do Minist?rio da Agricultura para todos os agricultores da associa??o. Ficou claro que todos os produtores possuem uma grande percep??o da import?ncia de se produzir alimentos de qualidade e que eles conhecem as principais t?cnicas para tal fim. Contudo, as dificuldades pelas quais passam s?o as mesmas enfrentadas por todos os pequenos produtores brasileiros que s?o: dificuldade de comercializa??o, falta de acesso a cr?dito financeiro e assist?ncia t?cnica. No segundo cap?tulo, amostras de solo foram coletadas para avalia??o da fertilidade, an?lise granulom?trica, fracioanamento qu?mico e granulom?trico da mat?ria org?nica e an?lise de diversidade de bact?rias por an?lise independente de cultivo (DGGE). As ?reas de agricultura org?nica n?o apresentaram resultados de fertilidade do solo que expressam os efeitos positivos do sistema de cultivo. Contudo, os atributos que mais afetam a fertilidade das ?reas estudadas s?o pH, Ca, H+ Al, P, Carbono, V%, Argila Total e Grau de Flocula??o. O fracionamento da mat?ria org?nica demonstrou que as fra??es mais est?veis s?o as que mais se relacionam com o C presente nas ?reas avaliadas e, o manejo do solo alterou beneficamente a estrutura das comunidades bacterianas. J? no terceiro cap?tulo, avaliaram-se os aspectos nutricionais de plantas de milho e tomate do tipo italiano condicionadas a diferentes insumos comerciais a base de f?sforo e pot?ssio permitidos para o Sistema org?nico de produ??o. Tanto as fontes de P, quanto as fontes de K n?o contribu?ram para diferen?as no ac?mulo de mat?ria seca e nutrientes nas plantas de tomates e milho, entretanto as m?dias de produtividade de tomate tipo italiano foram superiores a 44 t/ha-1 quando os tratamentos foram associadas a torta de mamona, mostrando-se estas fontes alternativas vi?veis para aduba??o ao produtor org?nico.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-05-03T18:11:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Ana Paula Capello Rezende.pdf: 3275323 bytes, checksum: 8f2fb2ab6c119f7f2989532bcf35a7bb (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-05-03T18:11:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Ana Paula Capello Rezende.pdf: 3275323 bytes, checksum: 8f2fb2ab6c119f7f2989532bcf35a7bb (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-11 / This works purposed to contribute for the planning of the Sustainable Development Project ?PDS Unidos Venceremos? located at the Porto Seguro city, Bahia. To that end the territorial and environmental characterization of the Santa Maria II Farm and the environmental perception analysis of families living in the area was aimed. Also, were realized awareness activities about the environmental conservation needs and use possibilities of natural resources from the settlement with attention to the Brazilian Forest Code. A methodological proposal for collective construction for the ?PDS Unidos Venceremos? environmental planning was developed. Field data survey, maps, workshops and field days meetings with the families were done. In addition, a proposal of topics to the participative environmental planning of the PDS was elaborated. Through the analyzed period, from 2013 to 2016, changes happened in the perception and practice of families concerning the use of fire, agrochemicals and chemical fertilizers. The use of participatory methodologies contributed to the families? incorporation of agroecological practices. The environmental planning is fundamental to the establishment of a rural settlement and the steps to the participatory construction must be organized according to each reality. The use of the watershed concept contributed to the construction of a holistic and integrated perspective of the territory to be planned. / O objetivo deste trabalho foi contribuir para o planejamento ambiental e efetiva??o territorial do Projeto de Desenvolvimento Sustent?vel Unidos Venceremos, localizado no munic?pio de Porto Seguro, Bahia. Para tanto, buscou-se a caracteriza??o territorial e ambiental da Fazenda Santa Maria II e a an?lise da percep??o ambiental das fam?lias que viviam na ?rea. Tamb?m foram realizadas a??es para a sensibiliza??o das fam?lias quanto ? necessidade de conserva??o e possibilidades de uso dos recursos naturais do assentamento com ?nfase em APP, RL e uso da ?gua. Bem como a estrutura??o de uma proposta metodol?gica para constru??o coletiva do planejamento ambiental do PDS Unidos Venceremos. Foram realizados levantamentos de dados de campo, elabora??o de mapas, oficinas e dias de campo com as fam?lias acampadas, al?m da estrutura??o de uma proposta de temas para o planejamento ambiental participativo do PDS. Ao longo do per?odo analisado, 2013 a 2016, verificaram-se avan?os na percep??o e na pr?tica das fam?lias quanto ao uso do fogo, agrot?xicos e fertilizantes qu?micos. As metodologias participativas utilizadas contribu?ram para a incorpora??o pelas fam?lias de pr?ticas agroecol?gicas. O planejamento ambiental ? fundamental para a efetiva??o de um assentamento rural. Os passos para uma constru??o participativa devem ser organizados de acordo com cada realidade. A utiliza??o do conceito de bacia hidrogr?fica contribuiu para a constru??o de uma vis?o hol?stica e integrada do territ?rio a ser planejado.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-09-25T19:07:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Gisele Almeida Ferreira Bentes.pdf: 1306978 bytes, checksum: 93e521ee8ae3d5f96ac3ef5491ae3d6e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-09-25T19:07:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Gisele Almeida Ferreira Bentes.pdf: 1306978 bytes, checksum: 93e521ee8ae3d5f96ac3ef5491ae3d6e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-24 / The present study had as objective to evaluate the durability of eight systems of production of vegetables in agroecological transition in the municipalities of Capim Branco and Matozinhos, belonging to the metropolitan region of Belo Horizonte, with the application of the IDEA method. In the IDEA (Indicators of Durability of Exploitations Agricole) method, the durability quantification is proposed through a matrix with 41 indicators, grouped into 10 components, which comprise three dimensions: agro-environmental (19 indicators), socio-territorial (16) and economic (6). The combination of the values of the indicators allows measuring the durability of each dimension, which can vary from zero to 100 points. The structure of the method defines that the durability of the production system is limited by the dimension that presents the lowest score. The conceptual model involves aspects of the natural, social and human sciences that, by adapting some indicators to the reality of local agroecosystems, allows the quantitative measurement of durability. The selected properties were the certified organic family farmers, non-certified and with SAT certified (without pesticides), whose main economic activity was the cultivation of vegetables. In these units, the IDEA method was applied in January 2016 through interviews conducted at the production units. In the evaluations, some obstacles were observed that limit the potential of the region as an important producer of organic vegetables. These limitations range from the lack of local inputs to lack of governmental incentive, as well as a precarious process of social organization. From the results found, it can be reported that the durability of the municipalities studied is limited by the socio-territorial dimension, which presented an average score of 65%. In addition, the economic dimension can be improved because, although it is not the limiting factor, according to the method, it presented an average score of 71%. On the other hand, the agri-environmental dimension showed a high score, above 87%. / O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a durabilidade de oito sistemas de produ??o de oler?colas em transi??o agroecol?gica nos munic?pios de Capim Branco e Matozinhos, pertencentes ? regi?o metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, atrav?s da aplica??o do m?todo IDEA. No m?todo IDEA (Indicateurs de Durabilit? des Exploitations Agricole), postula-se a quantifica??o da durabilidade por meio de uma matriz com 41 indicadores, agrupados em 10 componentes, que comp?em tr?s dimens?es: agroambiental (19 indicadores), s?cio territorial (16) e econ?mica (6). A combina??o dos valores dos indicadores permite aferir durabilidade de cada dimens?o, que pode variar de zero a 100 pontos. A estrutura do m?todo define que a durabilidade em sistemas de produ??o ? limitada pela dimens?o que apresentar o menor escore. O modelo conceitual envolve aspectos das ci?ncias naturais, sociais e humanas, que mediante a adapta??o de alguns indicadores ? realidade dos agroecossistemas locais, permite a mensura??o quantitativa da durabilidade. As propriedades selecionadas foram de agricultores familiares org?nicos certificados, n?o certificados e com a certifica??o SAT (sem agrot?xicos), que tinham como principal atividade econ?mica o cultivo de hortali?as. Nessas unidades, o m?todo IDEA foi aplicado em Janeiro de 2016 por meio de entrevistas realizadas nas unidades produtivas. Nas avalia??es, foram observados alguns entraves que limitam o potencial da regi?o como importante produtora de hortali?as org?nicas. Essas limita??es compreendem desde a falta de insumos locais at? a falta de incentivo governamental, al?m de prec?rio processo de organiza??o social. A partir dos resultados encontrados, pode-se relatar que a durabilidade dos munic?pios estudados est? limitada pela dimens?o socioterritorial, a qual apresentou um escore m?dio de 65%. Al?m disso, a dimens?o econ?mica pode ser melhorada, pois, apesar de n?o ser o fator limitante, de acordo com o m?todo, apresentou escore m?dio de 71%. Por outro lado, observa-se que a dimens?o agroambiental apresentou escore elevado, acima de 87%.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-06-23T19:30:15Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Marcela Ferreira Rocha Lage.pdf: 2151978 bytes, checksum: 4d846b189d216d1c6f6b029f56113719 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-06-23T19:30:15Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Marcela Ferreira Rocha Lage.pdf: 2151978 bytes, checksum: 4d846b189d216d1c6f6b029f56113719 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-12-02 / From the year of 2002 eight (8) organic fairs were installed, in three regions of the city of Belo Horizonte - MG. The objective of the work is to survey the history, characteristics, the profile of family farmers / marketers and the profile of consumers and possible consumers of these fairs. It also seeks to analyze the difficulties for expansion in the production and marketing of the studied fairs. The study based on observations during the fairs and interviews using semi-structured questionnaires. There were 214 interviews with the attendees of the eight fairs. In addition to the questionnaire applied to consumers, five interviews were conducted with family farmers using another questionnaire and an interview with the supervisor of the Belo Horizonte City Hall. The results of the survey point to the existence of eight organic fairs, located in neighborhoods with higher per capita income, regulated by the Belo Horizonte City Hall with the participation of 5 (five) family farmers who face difficulties when it comes to required labor, the regularity of delivery and the quantity to be produced. The majority of the consumers were women between the ages of 30 and 54, with high schooling and monthly income, between 9 to 12 minimum salaries. Fairs are important channels for the commercialization of the organic production of family farmers and enable the proximity and establishment of trust relations between farmers and consumers mutually. / A partir do ano de 2002 foram instaladas 8 (oito) feiras org?nicas, em tr?s regi?es do munic?pio de Belo Horizonte ? MG. O trabalho tem como objetivo o levantamento do hist?rico, das caracter?sticas, do perfil dos agricultores familiares/feirantes e do perfil dos consumidores e poss?veis consumidores destas feiras. Procura-se tamb?m analisar os gargalos para a expans?o na produ??o e comercializa??o das feiras estudadas. O estudo foi realizado por meio de observa??es in loco e de entrevistas com o uso de question?rios semi-estruturados. Foram realizadas 214 entrevistas com os frequentadores das oito feiras. Al?m do question?rio aplicado aos consumidores, foram realizadas cinco entrevistas com os agricultores familiares/ feirantes com a utiliza??o de um outro question?rio e uma entrevista com o supervisor da Prefeitura Municipal de Belo Horizonte. Os resultados da pesquisa apontam para a exist?ncia de 8 (oito) feiras org?nicas, situadas em bairros com maior renda per capta, regulamentadas pela Prefeitura Municipal de Belo Horizonte com a participa??o de 5 (cinco) agricultores familiares que enfrentam dificuldades quando o assunto ? a m?o de obra necess?ria, a regularidade na entrega e quantidade a ser produzida. Os consumidores em sua maioria eram mulheres com idade entre 30 a 54 anos, com n?vel de escolaridade elevado e renda mensal da maioria dos entrevistados de 9 a 12 sal?rios m?nimos. As feiras s?o importantes canais de comercializa??o da produ??o org?nica dos agricultores familiares e possibilita a proximidade e o estabelecimento de rela??es de confian?a dos agricultores com os consumidores e vice-versa

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-07-14T19:03:19Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Lucas Silva Ferreira Guimar?es.pdf: 1984443 bytes, checksum: 0e1bbb094c4984eaf305479aa76bde63 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-14T19:03:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Lucas Silva Ferreira Guimar?es.pdf: 1984443 bytes, checksum: 0e1bbb094c4984eaf305479aa76bde63 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-11 / This study aimed to critically analyze processes of certification of organic agriculture in Brazil, focusing on the state of Minas Gerais, more specifically on the public certification by the Office of Conformity Assessment IMA and its customers (organic producers who applied for organic certification and subsequent registration in the Ministry of Agriculture). In doing so, it aimed to identify risks, deal with major non-conformities and contribute to improving the correction of non-conformities, the mechanisms of conformity assessment and the SISORG (Brazilian System of Organic Conformity Assessment). The analyses were based on customers? certification processes (documents) and their organic conformity assessment, audit certification requests and customers? opinion as articulated in their responses to a questionnaire. The process analysis pointed to non-conformities in 7 out of the 8 conformity sections, while the request analysis pointed to non-conformities and inconsistencies in all sections, with enforcement of 20%. In both analyses of the Office, the highest incidence of non-conformities related to document Organic Management Plan Booklet. Similarly, customers assessed that the Management Plan Booklet provided by the Ministry of Agriculture is flawed as to the requirements of current legislation. Customers also assessed that the bottlenecks for organic production are related to the construction and structuring of the Brazilian organic agriculture. In conclusion, the Organic Management Plan Booklet does not meet the legislation; the SISORG-oriented organic production requires skilled labor; and the requirements set forth in the regulations for organic agriculture do not have the same dynamics as in the productive practice. / O trabalho teve como objetivo analisar criticamente processos de certifica??o da agricultura org?nica no Brasil, com foco no estado de Minas Gerais, mais especificamente na certificadora p?blica, o Organismo de Avalia??o da Conformidade Instituto Mineiro de Agropecu?ria ? IMA e em seus clientes (produtores org?nicos que solicitaram a certifica??o org?nica e posteriormente cadastrados no MAPA) no intuito de identificar os riscos e tratar as principais n?o conformidades e contribuir para a melhoria da corre??o das n?o conformidades, e dos mecanismos de avalia??es da conformidade e do SISORG. As an?lises se basearam nos processos de certifica??o (documentos) dos clientes e suas avalia??es da conformidade org?nica, na documenta??o de requisi??o ao processo de certifica??o por auditoria e na an?lise pela ?tica do cliente, por question?rio, destas mesmas fases do processo de avalia??o da conformidade org?nica pela Certifica??o por auditoria. A an?lise dos processos apresentou n?o conformidades em 7 das 8 sess?es de verifica??o, a an?lise da documenta??o de requisi??o ao processo de certifica??o apresentou n?o conformidades, inconsist?ncias em todas as sess?es de verifica??o, com efetiva??o dos processos de apenas 20%. Em ambas as an?lises pelo OAC, a maior incid?ncia de n?o conformidades se relacionam ao documento Caderno de Plano de Manejo Org?nico. Da mesma forma na avalia??o pelos clientes, estes apontam que o Caderno de Plano de Manejo disposto pelo Minist?rio da Agricultura ? falho quanto ?s exig?ncias da legisla??o vigente. A an?lise pelo cliente dos gargalos para a produ??o org?nica, relacionam principalmente com a constru??o e estrutura??o da agricultura org?nica brasileira. Diante dos dados obtidos, ? poss?vel concluir que a publica??o caderno plano de manejo disposto pelo Minist?rio da Agricultura, n?o atende a legisla??o a que se relaciona; a produ??o org?nica de acordo com as normas do SISORG demandam m?o de obra especializada; e as exig?ncias dispostas nos normativos da agricultura org?nica n?o t?m a mesma din?mica da pr?tica produtiva.

Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2017-07-14T19:39:28Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Mariano Gomes.pdf: 1567671 bytes, checksum: afce58d63dd5811f4cc58b360d326898 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-07-14T19:39:28Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2016 - Mariano Gomes.pdf: 1567671 bytes, checksum: afce58d63dd5811f4cc58b360d326898 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-11 / CNPq / The regulation of organic production in Brazil was built in a participatory manner, and is updated periodically by members of organized civil society and public agencies. Brazil recognizes three mechanisms for assessing organic compliance: certifier-operated certification, participatory compliance systems operated by participatory conformity assessment organizations (OPACs) and social control organizations operated by organized family farmers who are exempted from certification to sell directly to consumers. The objective of this legal framework was to represent the various realities of agroecology and organic production in the country. This study aims to investigate the case of public certification in organic agriculture in Brazil, focusing on the State of Minas Gerias, more specifically on Instituto Mineiro de Agropecu?ria (IMA), a Conformity Assessment Agency. As of 2011, producers and conformity assessment agencies must be registered with the Ministry of Agriculture. The analysis of the National Record of Organic Producers (CNPO) in the last four years showed a marked increase in the number of organic producers registered (96%). The distribution of the organic producers in the CNPO according to the three mechanisms proposed in the regulation points to different forms of ensuring organic quality in the country, which follow the regulation despite applying different tools and using different trade spaces. The growth in the number of OPACs operating Participatory Assurance Systems in this period (2012-2016) was over 200%. Certification, albeit not regulated, is the mechanism chosen worldwide to provide organic quality assurance, as implemented primarily by private companies. Public certification takes place only in Denmark, although in some European countries it is subsidized for small producers for a certain period of time. In Brazil, federal resources offered by the Brazilian Support Service for Micro and Small Business (SEBRAE), in partnership with the National Institute of Metrology, Quality and Technology (INMETRO), supported the implementation of public and private certification (SCOFANO, 2014) after publication of the legal framework for organic agriculture (2003-2009). At the federal states level, public certification exists in the states of Paran? through Instituto de Tecnologia do Paran? (TECPAR) and of Minas Gerais through IMA. At the national level, the service is provided by Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia, located in Rio de Janeiro. Producers linked to public certification represent 2.22% of the registrations in the CNPO. Because they are public bodies, they can effectively comply with the principle of independence established by the ISO certification standard. The partnership with the public ATER Organizations is strategic, and should be pursued by public certifiers for the development of the sector. For the analysis of the organization, we rely on the four-fold view of organizations according to the anthroposophy and teachings of Rudolf Steiner. In the resource dimension, IMA needs to improve its fleet and electronic equipment, continue to support the professional qualification of its staff, and also broaden its staff. In the process dimension, it is efficient. However, it should invest in the relationship dimension, integrating its employees and partner organizations. In the identity dimension, actions that favor valuation and reaffirm the mission and values of both employees and the company should be sought, evaluated and renewed periodically. / A regulamenta??o da produ??o org?nica no Brasil foi constru?da de forma participativa, e ? atualizada periodicamente por membros da sociedade civil organizada e ?rg?os p?blicos. O Brasil reconhece tr?s mecanismos de avalia??o da conformidade org?nica: certifica??o operada pelas certificadoras, sistemas participativos de garantia - SPG operados pelas organiza??es participativas de avalia??o da conformidade (OPAC) e as organiza??es de controle social (OCS), operacionalizadas pelos agricultores familiares organizados que realizam a venda direta aos consumidores, sendo isentos de certifica??o. O objetivo deste arcabou?o legal era representar as diversas realidades envolvidas com a agroecologia e a produ??o org?nica no pa?s. O trabalho teve como objetivo o estudo de caso da certifica??o publica na agricultura org?nica no Brasil, com foco no Estado de Minas Gerias, mais especificamente no Organismo de Avalia??o da Conformidade (OAC), Instituto Mineiro de Agropecu?ria (IMA). A partir de 2011 os produtores e organismos de avalia??o da conformidade tinham que estar registrados no Minist?rio da Agricultura, Pecu?ria e do Abastecimento (MAPA). A an?lise do Cadastro Nacional de Produtores Org?nicos (CNPO), nos ?ltimos quatros anos evidenciou um crescimento acentuado no n?mero de produtores org?nicos cadastrados (96 %). A distribui??o dos produtores org?nicos no CNPO pelos tr?s mecanismos propostos na regulamenta??o mostra a realidade de diferentes situa??es existentes no pa?s para garantir as qualidades org?nicas, que embora usem diferentes ferramentas e espa?os de comercializa??o, seguem a regulamenta??o. O crescimento no n?mero de OPACs que operam SPG, nesse per?odo (2012-2016) foi superior a 200%. A certifica??o ? o mecanismo escolhido, mas n?o ? regulamentado, no mundo para dar garantia da qualidade org?nica, executada prioritariamente por empresas privadas. A certifica??o p?blica acontece somente na Dinamarca, embora em alguns pa?ses da Europa seja subsidiada para pequenos produtores, por determinado espa?o de tempo. No Brasil, recursos federais ofertados pelo Servi?o Brasileiro de Apoio as Micro e Pequenas Empresas (SEBRAE) em parceria com o Instituto Nacional de Metrologia, Qualidade e Tecnologia (INMETRO), ap?s publica??o do marco legal da agricultura org?nica (2003- 2009), apoiaram a implanta??o da certifica??o p?blica e privada (SCOFANO, 2014). A certifica??o p?blica estadual existe nos estados do Paran? atrav?s do Instituto de Tecnologia do Paran? (TECPAR) e Minas Gerais atrav?s do IMA, e no ?mbito federal ? ofertada pelo Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia (INT), localizado no Rio de Janeiro. Os produtores vinculados ? certifica??o p?blica, representam 2,22% dos registros no CNPO, e pelo fato de serem ?rg?os p?blicos, podem efetivamente cumprir com o princ?pio da independ?ncia estabelecido pela norma ISO para a certifica??o. A parceria com as organiza??es de ATER p?blica ? estrat?gica, e, deve ser perseguida pelas certificadoras p?blicas para desenvolvimento do setor. Para an?lise da organiza??o, nos baseamos na vis?o quadrimembrada das organiza??es de acordo com a antroposofia e ensinamentos de Rudolf Steiner. O IMA como organiza??o no n?vel dos recursos precisa melhorar a frota e equipamentos eletr?nicos, continuar com o apoio a qualifica??o profissional do seu quadro, mas tamb?m realizar concursos para ampliar sua capacidade de atua??o. No n?vel dos processos, ? eficiente. Deve investir mais no n?vel das rela??es de seus funcion?rios e com as organiza??es parceiras, na busca de maior integra??o. No n?vel da identidade, a??es que favore?am a valora??o e reafirmem a miss?o e os valores dos funcion?rios e da empresa devem ser buscados, avaliados e renovados periodicamente.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T15:38:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 YldrySRQP_TESE.pdf: 1712079 bytes, checksum: b17d9a120b94e31c6978b40928b45ad1 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-03-13 / Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte / Knowledge of quality of life is a very complex and rich in cultural and subjective dimensions, understood in a broad sense and multivariate theme. Considering the rural areas from agriculture, it is observed that the production standard defines significant changes in the environmental context and the quality of life of rural workers. To explain the relationship between quality of life and Family Organic Agriculture, we sought to analyze the quality of life of the organic family farmer, after change in agricultural management. The research, based on a procedure exploratory study supported the articulation theoretically constructed, showed their relevance and allowed to delimit with greater security, the central question of work. The WHOQOL - 100 treated the instrument of research on quality of life that directed the field study with organic farmers from the town of Lagoa Seca / PB. Farmers and family members are from rural regions Almeida, Alvinho, Lagoa de Barro, Lagoa Gravat?, Oiti and Pau Ferro. The average time is 39 years farming and organic family farm is 16 years. In the analysis work was found that the process of production of vegetables and fruits is divided into 08 steps and with respect to workloads observations showed the presence of: physical loads, mechanical stresses, psychological burden and ergonomic factors. Most farmers reported symptoms were fatigue and cramps in the legs . Regarding the quality of life was noticed that the Psychological Domain contributed positively to the quality of life with mean and standard deviation (17.83 ? 12.78) and Domain Environment negatively contributing to the quality of life of this group (9.00 ? 6.82). We conclude that the practice of Family Organic Agriculture should be seen as an effective strategy in promoting quality of life and social values in between, since it presents environmental sustainability with regard to life and socio-cultural diversity of populations / O conhecimento de qualidade de vida ? um tema muito complexo e rico em dimens?es subjetivas e culturais, entendidas em uma percep??o vasta e multivariada. Considerando o meio rural a partir da agricultura, observa-se que o padr?o produtivo define modifica??es expressivas no contexto ambiental e na qualidade de vida dos trabalhadores rurais. Para explanar a rela??o entre qualidade de vida e Agricultura Familiar Org?nica, buscou-se analisar a qualidade de vida do agricultor familiar org?nico, ap?s mudan?a no manejo agr?cola. A investiga??o, baseada em um procedimento de estudo explorat?rio, apoiou a articula??o constru?da teoricamente, mostrou sua pertin?ncia e permitiu delimitar, com maior seguran?a, a quest?o central do trabalho. O WHOQOL-100 tratou-se do instrumento de pesquisa sobre qualidade de vida que direcionou o estudo de campo com os agricultores familiares org?nicos da cidade de Lagoa Seca/PB. Os agricultores e membros da fam?lia s?o oriundos das regi?es rurais Almeida, Alvinho, Lagoa de Barro, Lagoa Gravat?, Oiti e Pau Ferro. O tempo m?dio de agricultura ? de 39 anos e na agricultura familiar org?nica ? de 16 anos. Na an?lise do trabalho se verificou que o processo de produ??o de verduras e frutas se divide em 08 etapas e em rela??o ?s cargas de trabalho as observa??es mostraram a presen?a de: cargas f?sicas, cargas mec?nicas, carga psicol?gica e cargas ergon?micas. Os sintomas mais referidos pelos agricultores foram c?imbras e fadiga nas pernas. No que concerne ? qualidade de vida percebeu-se que o Dom?nio Psicol?gico contribuiu positivamente para a Qualidade de Vida com m?dia e desvio (17,83?12,78) e o Dom?nio Ambiente contribuindo negativamente para a Qualidade de Vida deste grupo (9,00?6,82). Conclui-se que a pr?tica da Agricultura Familiar Org?nica deve ser vista como uma estrat?gia eficaz na promo??o da qualidade de vida e de valores sociais nesse meio, uma vez que apresenta sustentabilidade socioambiental que respeita a vida e a diversidade sociocultural das popula??es