Η παρούσα εργασία αφορά τη διαδικασία ανάπτυξης, σχεδίασης και αξιολόγησης του εκπαιδευτικού λογισμικού «Μέγας Αλέξανδρος: η εκστρατεία του». Η εφαρμογή αναπτύχθηκε πάνω στο «Google Earth» χρησιμοποιώντας τα εργαλεία του και κυρίως τα αρχεία kmz. Παρουσιάζει με αλληλεπιδραστικό και δυναμικό τρόπο ιστορικές και γεωγραφικές πληροφορίες, δραστηριότητες και βίντεο για τους μαθητές. Το λογισμικό κατά τη διαδικασία αξιολόγησής του παρουσιάστηκε σε μαθητές, γυμνασίου και αξιολογήθηκε από αυτούς. / This work involves the development process, design and evaluation of educational software «Alexander the Great: his campaign». The application was developed on the «Google Earth» using the tools and particular files kmz. Presents in a interactive and dynamic way historical and geographical information, activities and videos for students. The software during the evaluation process was presented to students high school and was evaluated by the above.

Considéré comme un historien qui sacrifie rigueur et exactitude à son souci de la rhétorique, Quinte-Curce jouit, et avec lui son histoire « romancée », d’une réputation en demi-teinte. Au-delà de faiblesses et d’un mélange des genres entre histoire, morale et rhétorique du reste caractéristiques de l’ensemble de l’historiographie romaine, les Historiae Alexandri Magni constituent un témoignage intéressant sur la représentation du pouvoir à Rome au Ier siècle de n.è. En s’appuyant sur un portrait rigoureusement construit, Quinte-Curce met en relief l’évolution du Conquérant, soumis à la tentation de l’Orient, de la fortune et de ses modèles héroïques. L’historien se livre alors à une véritable entreprise de démystification qui touche la nature même de cet Orient merveilleux, la fortune providentielle dont se réclame le Macédonien et même le langage. Sont ainsi condamnés la quête effrénée de gloire que poursuit le roi, et son rêve de divinisation : l’Orient est synonyme de renversement généralisé des normes et des valeurs, la fortune une illusion conduisant à un sentiment d’impunité. En déconstruisant la propagande d’Alexandre, Quinte-Curce révèle alors un autre imaginaire – le sien – en même temps qu’une idéologie. En filigrane, il propose aussi un idéal du pouvoir qui repose essentiellement sur l’équilibre et sur la responsabilité du prince. Par là, il interroge, au regard des réalités politiques de son temps, la pertinence d’un mythe central dans l’imaginaire politique romain et dont l’ombre plane sur tous les ambitieux, à commencer par les empereurs ou les candidats à l’Empire. Son récit bien mené incite donc à une réflexion réelle sur l’exercice du pouvoir, ses enjeux et ses limites. / Considered a historian who sacrifices his rigor and accuracy for the sake of rhetoric, Curtius Rufus enjoys, and with him his “fictionalized” history as well, a halftone reputation. Notwithstanding its shortcomings and a mixture of genres between history, moral and rhetoric, which are also typical of the entire Roman historiography, the Historiae Alexandri Magni are an interesting testimony of the representation of power in Rome in the first century A.D. Building on a rigorously constructed portrait, Quintus Curtius highlights the evolution of the Conqueror, subject to the temptations of the East, of fortune and its heroic models. The historian attempts to debunk the very nature of this wonderful East, the providential fortune claimed by Macedonian, and even language. The unbridled quest for glory pursued by the king and his dream of deification are here condemned: the East stands for a general inversion of norms and values, and fortune becomes an illusion leading to a feeling of impunity. By deconstructing Alexander's propaganda, Curtius then reveals another imaginary—his own—along with an ideology. Implicitly, it also proposes an ideal of power mainly based on balance and on the responsibility of the prince. The historian questions the relevance of a central myth of the Roman political imagination in the political context of the times, whose shadow looms over all ambitious men, starting with emperors or candidates for the Empire. His well crafted narrative is a call for a reflection on the actual exercise of power, its challenges and limitations.

Cette thèse se situe à l’interface entre théorie des nœuds et théorie des systèmes dynamiques. Le thème central consiste, étant donné un champ de vecteurs dans une variété de dimension 3, à considérer ses orbites périodiques, et à s’interroger sur les informations qu’elles donnent sur le champ de vecteurs et la variété initiaux.La première partie est consacrée au flot géodésique défini sur le fibré unitaire tangentd’une surface, ou d’une orbiface, à courbure constante. L’observation de certains exemples (sphère, tore, surface modulaire) suggère la conjecture suivante, due à Étienne Ghys : l’enlacement entre deux familles homologiquement nulles quelconques d’orbites périodiques est toujours négatif. En d’autres termes, le flot géodésique serait lévogyre. Quand la courbure est négative, par les travaux de David Fried sur les flots d’Anosov, cette conjecture implique une propriété étonnante et très particulière : n’importe quelle collection homologiquement nulle d’orbites périodiques borde une section de Birkhoff pour le flot géodésique, et est par conséquent la reliure d’un livre ouvert. En ce sens, cette conjecture propose une généralisation de la construction de Norbert A’Campo de livres ouverts sur les fibrés unitaires tangents. Nous proposons la démonstration de cette conjecture dans les cas du tore, des orbifolds de type (2, q, infini), et de l’orbifold de type (2, 3, 7). La seconde partie est consacrée au comportement asymptotique des invariants des nœuds formés par les orbites périodiques d’un champ de vecteur, quand la longueur de l’orbite tend vers l’infini. Le but est de définir des invariants de champs de vecteurs stables par difféomorphisme. Dans le cas particulier des nœuds de Lorenz, nous montrons que les racines du polynôme d’Alexander admettent un comportement particulier : elles s’accumulent au voisinage du cercle-unité. / This thesis deals with interactions between knot theory and dynamical systems. Givena vector field on a 3-manifold, the main idea is to study its periodic orbits from the knottheoretical point of view, and to deduce informations about the vector field and the initial manifold. The first part is devoted to the study of the geodesic flow defined on the unit tangent bundle of a surface, or an orbiface, with constant curvature. Simple examples (sphere, torus, modular surface) suggest the following conjecture, due to Ghys : the linking number of two homologically zero collections of periodic orbits is always negative. In other words, the geodesic flow on any orbiface with constant curvature is left-handed. In the negatively curved case, the work of Fried imply another surprising property : any homologically trivial collection of periodic orbits bound a Birkhoff section for the geodesic flow, and is therefore the binding of an open book decomposition. In this setting, the conjecture is a generalization of A’Campo’s construction of open book decompositions on unit tangent bundles. In our work, we prove the conjectre for the torus, for the orbifolds of type (2, q, oo), and for the orbifold of type (2, 3, 7). The second part is devoted to the asymptotic behaviour of invariants of the knots made by the periodic orbits of a vector field, when the length of the orbits tend to infinity. The goal is to define invariants of the vector field under diffeomorphism. In the case of Lorenz knots, we show that the roots of the Alexander polynomial admit an asymptotic behaviour, namely that they accumulate on the unit circle.

Title: A possibility of use of principles of Alexander Technique in Primary Schools and in Children and Youth Sport Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to introduce Alexander Technique and relate it to the school environment as an element of predominantly primary prevention. First we elucidate the theme of school environment in relation to student movement habits and health. Then we will suggest a possibility of an enrichment of school P.E. and health promotion of children with the help of the principles of Alexander Technique in games within school P.E. and explain their contribution to daily life. Methods: Analysis, argumentation, critic reasoning, creative thinking, qualitative observation Results: Application of Alexander Technique to the school environment. Designed children's motion games based on principles of Alexander Technique. Keywords: Alexander Technique, posture, prevention, Physical Education, sport

Jakub Havlík, Vývoj osídlení Baktrie v období helénismu Abstract: Primarily based on the archaeological evidence, the aim of the proposed thesis is to present an image of a settlement situation in the region of Bactria (Central Asia) during the Hellenistic period. The main subject of the study is a comparison of settlement patterns of the Achaemenid and Hellenistic periods, as well as a characterization of settlement transformation, which occurred after the conquest of Alexander the Great, after almost two hundred years of Greek rule in the area. In this thesis, the individual settlement-sites are classified according to their size and their hypothetical function in the whole settlement structure. Besides the morphology of the site, their position was examined, as well as a distribution and mutual relations within the context of the natural landscape. Attention was paid to larger sites (cities, fortified settlements), and minor ones (rural settlements) and their agglomerations, as well as specific settlement forms, such as fortresses or sanctuaries. All the studied settlements are presented in form of catalogue and maps. Data analysis shows that a huge decrease in settlement structure and a break in development can be observed in relatively large part of Bactria, at the end of Achaemenid period, what...

viii, 50 p. : ill. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. / We study a certain quotient of the Iwahori-Hecke algebra of the symmetric group Sd , called the super Temperley-Lieb algebra STLd. The Alexander polynomial of a braid can be computed via a certain specialization of the Markov trace which descends to STLd. Combining this point of view with Ocneanu's formula for the Markov trace and Young's seminormal form, we deduce a new state-sum formula for the Alexander polynomial. We also give a direct combinatorial proof of this result. / Committee in charge: Arkady Vaintrob, Co-Chairperson, Mathematics Jonathan Brundan, Co-Chairperson, Mathematics; Victor Ostrik, Member, Mathematics; Dev Sinha, Member, Mathematics; Paul van Donkelaar, Outside Member, Human Physiology

viii, 57 p. : ill. A print copy of this thesis is available through the UO Libraries. Search the library catalog for the location and call number. / We introduce a new finite-complexity knot theory, the theory of plumbers' knots, as a model for classical knot theory. The spaces of plumbers' curves admit a combinatorial cell structure, which we exploit to algorithmically solve the classification problem for plumbers' knots of a fixed complexity. We describe cellular subdivision maps on the spaces of plumbers' curves which consistently make the spaces of plumbers' knots and their discriminants into directed systems. In this context, we revisit the construction of the Vassiliev spectral sequence. We construct homotopical resolutions of the discriminants of the spaces of plumbers knots and describe how their cell structures lift to these resolutions. Next, we introduce an inverse system of unstable Vassiliev spectral sequences whose limit includes, on its E ∞ - page, the classical finite-type invariants. Finally, we extend the definition of the Vassiliev derivative to all singularity types of plumbers' curves and use it to construct canonical chain representatives of the resolution of the Alexander dual for any invariant of plumbers' knots. / Committee in charge: Dev Sinha, Chairperson, Mathematics; Hal Sadofsky, Member, Mathematics; Arkady Berenstein, Member, Mathematics; Daniel Dugger, Member, Mathematics; Andrzej Proskurowski, Outside Member, Computer & Information Science

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:37Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2009-02-18Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:54:51Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 ziegler_v_me_assis.pdf: 433623 bytes, checksum: d3fc6d9b34c43d9148fe53bee8f35cad (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Pelas constantes generalizações tecidas sobre todo o corpus de Plutarco, que foi superficialmente caracterizado como um projeto basicamente moral, o objetivo desse trabalho visa fortalecer a idéia de que o autor grego enxergava a atividade política como essencial na vida de um homem. Assim, a paideia e a filosofia eram mediadoras de uma ética que orientava o comportamento e as ações do governante, lapidando sua natureza e dando-lhe condições de refrear seus instintos e suas paixões. O governante, que mais recebesse educação e fosse doutrinado pela filosofia teria mais condições de dirigir com justiça e prudência a comunidade de cidadãos. Esse era o tipo de governante que Plutarco julgava ideal: bem educado, virtuoso e sábio como um filósofo, tal como Platão o pensou, e a imagem que mais se aproximava desse ideal era a de Alexandre, o grande. / For the constants generalizations maked over all Plutarch's corpus, which was superficially described as basically a moral project, the aim of this work claim fortify the thought which the greek writer view the policy activity as essential in the man's life. Thus, paideia and philosophy mediated a ethics which conducting the ruler's actions and behavior, refining your nature, as well as your instinct and passions. The ruler which earned more education and philosophy will be conditions to guide the citizens' comunity with justice and prudence. This was kind of ruler which Plutarch judged as ideal: educated, virtuous and wise like a philosopher, such as Plato thinked, and the image which more approached of this model was Alexander the Great.

Orientadora : Profª. Drª. Adriana Sbicca Fernandes / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal do Paraná, Setor de Ciencias Sociais Aplicadas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Desenvolvimento Econômico. Defesa : Curitiba, 31/03/2017 / Inclui referências : f. 102-107 / Resumo: A racionalidade limitada de Herbert Simon traz para a economia uma abordagem para a tomada de decisão individual que incorpora elementos da estrutura cognitiva humana e do ambiente complexo, levando o enfoque para o processo de tomada de decisão. Porém, apresenta dificuldades no entendimento motivacional do indivíduo. Os trabalhos de Amartya Sen relacionados à racionalidade e escolha individual apresentam a proposta de existir múltiplas motivações ligadas à identidade do indivíduo. Assim, este trabalho propõe um rascunho de indivíduo baseado na racionalidade limitada de Herbert Simon enriquecida pela estrutura motivacional de Amartya Sen, o indivíduo Simon-seniano. O primeiro ensaio investiga como os dois autores entendem a tomada de decisão para identificar os principais elementos que as compõem. Neste ensaio é demonstrado que elas se baseiam na consideração do processo de decisão do indivíduo em interação com seu ambiente e aponta que a construção de indivíduo com múltiplos motivos para a escolha, na forma de múltiplos selves, pode contribuir para melhorar o arcabouço motivacional na abordagem da racionalidade limitada. O segundo ensaio foca em uma análise de compatibilidade entre as duas abordagens, a partir da qual é construído o conceito de indivíduo seguindo o critério de identidade de John Davis. O ensaio mostra que o indivíduo de Simon apresenta sua identidade fundamentalmente ligada às capacidades adaptativas em se lidar com o ambiente complexo no qual está inserido. Já o indivíduo de Sen, atende ao critério de identidade por sua escolha racional dependendo fundamentalmente da análise reflexiva que o capacita com a auto individuação. Sen propõe quatro selves com natureza motivacional distinta derivadas das relações de identidade que o indivíduo estabelece com o ambiente social: self-centered welfare, self-welfare goal, self-goal choice e commitments. Vemos que o indivíduo Simon-seniano, ao incorporar essa estrutura motivacional de Sen em um indivíduo com racionalidade limitada indica atender ao critério de identidade de Davis, visto que herda das duas construções dos autores as propriedades que o atendem. Além de ampliar o conceito de indivíduo para a racionalidade limitada, contribuindo para o entendimento das motivações para a tomada de decisão, esse rascunho de indivíduo proposto aponta caminhos para sua aplicação em modelos de simulação baseada em agente. Palavras-chave: Racionalidade Limitada. Indivíduo na economia. Motivação de escolha. / Abstract: Herbert Simon's bounded rationality is an approach to individual decision making that incorporates elements of individual's cognitive structure interaction in complex environments, emphasizing the decision-making process. However, Simon's concept of rationality does not include individual's motivational drives, which are an important aspect of human agency. The concept of motivations is developed in economics by Amartya Sen, who discuss rationality and individual choice and proposes a multiple motivations framework linked to the individual's identity. Therefore, this dissertation aim is to present a sketch of a concept of individual based on the limited rationality of Herbert Simon and enriched by the motivational structure of Amartya Sen - a Simon-Senian individual. In the first essay a review of these two authors understand the decision-making process is presented. The goal of this review is to identify the main elements that compose the decision-making process for Simon and Sen. It concludes that both of the authors base their considerations of individual decision-process in interaction with their environment and points out that the construction of individuals with multiple reasons for choosing in the form of multiple selves can contribute to improve the bounded rationality theories with a motivational framework. The second essay focuses on an analysis of the compatibility of the two approaches, from which is constructed a concept of individual which combine Simon's theory with Sen's concepts using the identity criterion of John Davis. First, the essay shows that the identity of Simon's concept of individual is fundamentally linked to the capacity to deal adaptively with the complex environment in which he is inserted. Second, it shows that Sen's concept of individual meets the criterion of identity for his rational choice depending fundamentally on its capacity of reflexive analysis that enables it to self-individuate. Sen proposes four selves, each one with a distinct motivational nature derived from the relationships between the identity that the individual establishes with its social environment: self-centered welfare, self-welfare goal, self-goal choice and commitments. It is suggested that a Simon-Senian individual, by incorporating the motivational structure of Sen within boundedly rational individual, satisfies Davis's criterion of identity, since it inherits from the concepts of both authors the properties that provide identity to a concept of individual. The development of the sketch of this concept of individual indicates further potential positive developments of the theory as well as the possibility of applications in agent-based simulation models. Key-words: Bounded Rationality. Individuals in Economics. Choice's motivations.

abstract: This study examines how a populist religious leader, Alexander Campbell, altered the economic value system of religious material production in the early United States and, subsequently, the long-term value structure of religious economic systems generally. As religious publishing societies in the early nineteenth century were pioneering the not-for-profit corporation and as many popular itinerants manufactured religious spectacles around the country, Campbell combined the promotional methods of revivalism and the business practices of religious printers, with a conspicuously pugilistic tone to simultaneously build religious and business empires. He was a religious entrepreneur who capitalized on the opportunities of American revivalism for personal and religious gain. His opponents attacked his theology and his wealth as signs of his obvious error but few were prepared for the vigor of his answer. He invited conflict and challenged prominent opponents to grow his celebrity and extend his brand into new markets. He argued that his labor as a printer was deserving of compensation and that, unlike his “venal” clerical opponents, he offered his services as a preacher for free. As Americans in the early national period increasingly felt obligated to find the “right kind of Christianity,” Campbell packaged and sold a compelling product. In the decades that followed his first debate in 1820, he built a religious following that by 1850 numbered well over 100,000 followers. This dissertation considers the importance of marketing, promotion, investment capital, distribution networks, property law, print culture, and ideology, to the success of a given religious prescription in the nineteenth century American marketplace of religion. Campbell’s success reveals important social, political, and economic structures in the nineteenth century trans-Appalachian west. It also illuminates a form of religious entrepreneurialism that continues to be important to American Christianity. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation History 2018