Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:22:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Regina Tamami Hirose.pdf: 852949 bytes, checksum: d74adfd1661d025479adaf319c853e18 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-11-12 / This paper core is the increasing economic globalization effects on the Antitrust Law industry, specially concerning to the firms concentration acts, since this issue has been often debated in international forums, with consequences to various law systems. In fact, many members states of economic and treading relationship have been studying the firms concentration acts so that this paper seeks for linking it to the globalized economy effects, as well drawing up a multilateral attempts panorama of the laws antitrust and the regional and bilateral agreements scope. Regarding to Brazil, this paper gathered and comment the most important points of Law 12.529/2012, a new antitrust code, and the evolution matter on last decades, without losing sight of the CADE (Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica) functioning and the consequences of its decision on the firms concentration control operations / A tônica do presente trabalho gira em torno dos efeitos gerados pelo crescente fenômeno da globalização econômica no campo do Direito Antitruste, notadamente quanto aos atos de concentração de empresas, visto que esse tema tem sido, frequentemente, alvo de debates nos fóruns internacionais, com consequências em diversos ordenamentos jurídicos ora vigorantes. Com efeito, os atos de concentração de empresas têm sido objeto de estudos e pesquisas em diversos países participantes das relações econômicas e comerciais no plano internacional, de modo que se procurou, neste trabalho, vincular o assunto em pauta com os efeitos decorrentes da economia globalizada, traçando um panorama das tentativas de uniformização multilateral das leis antitruste e da realidade vivenciada no âmbito de acordos regionais e bilaterais. No que respeita especificamente ao Brasil, procurou-se pinçar e comentar os principais pontos da Lei nº 12.529/2012, o novo diploma antitruste, e a evolução da matéria ao longo das últimas décadas, sem perder de vista a atuação do CADE Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica e os desdobramentos das suas decisões no controle das operações de concentração de empresas

Na presente dissertação, o setor petroquímico é utilizado como mote para um estudo sobre os contornos do direito antitruste nacional, sua interpretação e aplicação à luz das especificidades da economia brasileira. O pano de fundo deste trabalho é o debate, levantado durante os anos 1990, sobre a disciplina da concorrência nos países em desenvolvimento dever ou não seguir as tendências mais contemporâneas das instituições de países de economia mais avançada e com tradição na matéria antitruste. Além da revisão dos conceitos e práticas da regulação da concorrência nos países centrais (e de alguns dos desafios apontados pela literatura acerca da sua aplicação em economias em desenvolvimento), são descritos os traços gerais atribuídos a esse ramo do direito, no ordenamento jurídico brasileiro, focalizando as disposições referentes ao controle das estruturas de mercado. Para contextualizar a pesquisa empírica sobre os atos de concentração apreciados pela autoridade de defesa da concorrência (Conselho Administrativo de Defesa da Concorrência - CADE) envolvendo a petroquímica, abordam-se as características do setor e a trajetória da atuação estatal nesse ramo. Os resultados encontrados apontam que o direito da concorrência complementa, mas não substitui outros instrumentos de política pública necessários à coordenação dos mercados e à promoção de sua competitividade, os quais são especialmente relevantes para as economias em desenvolvimento. / In this study, petrochemical industry plays the framework for the research about the boundaries of Brazilian competition law, its interpretation and application in the light of the singularities of Brazilian economy. This subject is concerned with the debate raised during the 1990\'s about the adequacy of the model of competition law and policy advocated by advanced economies for developing countries. In addition of revising the leading concepts and practices on competition law, the main features of Brazilian antitrust law are also described, focusing on the provisions for the control of mergers and acquisitions. With the aim of contextualizing the empirical research about the cases entailing petrochemical firms submitted to the Brazilian Competition Law Council, the characteristics of this industry and the role of public regulation in this field are approached. The results obtained indicate that competition law complements, but does not substitute other instruments of public policy, which are necessary to market coordination and industrial competitiveness. These policies are especially important for the economies of developing countries.

No Brasil, as liberalizações econômicas vivenciadas na última década do século XX abriram as portas de seus mercados de energia à competição e os colocaram sob tutela do Sistema Brasileiro de Defesa da Concorrência (SBDC). Com a Indústria Sucroalcooleira Brasileira (ISB) não foi diferente, e, após vinte anos de intensa regulamentação (sob a figura do Proálcool), este setor passou a estar exposto aos incentivos de mercados competitivos, entrando em uma rota de maturação marcada por diversas fusões e aquisições. O presente estudo tem como objetivo analisar as principais implicações em política antitruste de tal abertura e determinar o procedimento que deve ser adotado para a definição de Mercados Relevantes na ISB. Para isso, primeiro faz-se uma análise sob a ótica da Organização Industrial de sua cadeia industrial, com ênfase para os aspectos estratégicos que estão por trás das diversas fusões ocorridas no setor. Em seguida, analisa-se o efeito dinâmico que a introdução dos veículos flexfuel possui sobre o mercado de combustíveis líquidos, mostrando-se como um verdadeiro choque tecnológico. Por último, é adotada a metodologia sugerida pelo Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica (CADE) e Federal Trade Comission (FTC) para a definição de Mercados Relevantes em casos de fusões horizontais, abordando o tema Consistência Temporal, importante fator a ser considerado dada a rápida expansão da participação de veículos flexfuel dentro da frota nacional de veículos leves. Com isso, espera-se contribuir para um procedimento que deve ser cada vez mais adotado pela autoridade antitruste brasileira e abordando um tema, Consistência Temporal, que pode aparecer em outros setores expostos a choques tecnológicos. / The process of economic liberalization undergone by Brazil in the last decade of the twentieth century had a significant impact on the functioning of energy markets, which became open to competition under the surveillance of the Brazilian System of Competition Policy (SBDC). The Brazilian Ethanol and Sugar Industry (ISB) did not constitute an exception to this. Thus, after twenty years of intense regulation by Proálcool, this sector started being exposed to the incentive schemes characterizing competitive markets, and entered a maturation route marked by several mergers and acquisitions. On the other hand, technological advancements also affected the recent history of ISB. In particular, the introduction of flexfuel vehicles constituted an important technological shock. The peculiar experience of the ISB provides interesting implications from an Industrial Organization perspective. In particular, considering the above-mentioned technological shock, something can be learnt as regards the importance of time consistency in defining Relevant Markets in sectors exposed to technological shocks. These aspects constitute the main focus of the present study, which is organized as follows. Firstly, the ISBs industrial chain and recent history will be appraised, under the perspective of Industrial Organization, with emphasis on the strategic aspects underlying the mergers that have occurred. Then, the technological shock and its dynamic effects on the liquid fuels market will be assessed. Finally, the methodology suggested by the Administrative Conselho Administrativo de Defesa Econômica (CADE) and Federal Trade Commission (FTC) for the definition of Relevant Markets in cases of horizontal mergers will be considered. The conclusion will be reached that, in sectors exposed to technological shocks such as the ISB time consistency issues should represent a major concern in relevant market definition.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universiẗat Köln, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 243-263).

This paper explores the monopsonistic implications of restricting bargaining power through the rookie draft and the concept of countervailing forces. It examines both the legal framework and the empirical outcomes of the court’s policy choices. This paper accomplishes this inquiry by exploiting the fact that players drafted late in the last round tend to be similar to players selected as undrafted free agents in expectation. This allows a natural experiment on the impact of the draft. In order to measure the impact of the draft, this paper examines career outcomes both in terms of compensation and length. I ultimately find little evidence that the draft creates monopsony power, and I provide some evidence suggesting that monopsony power impacts all rookies, as one would expect from an insider-outsider model.

A historical overview of the collective bargaining process in the three major American sports, and a comparative analysis of the current collective bargaining agreements.

The price variable is among the most powerful instruments in the arsenal of the executives to achieve entry deterrence objectives. There are two main pricing strategies that firms may use to defend against a competitive market entry. The first of these options, limit pricing (or entry deterring price), may be utilized prior to competitive entry. The second option, aggressive (predatory) pricing, may be executed post-entry. The effectiveness of both of these options is still controversial. For example, the Chicago School proponents argue that these strategies are anecdotal in nature. On the other hand, the rationality of such conduct has been reliably simulated by Post-Chicagoans in game theoretic settings. The potential contributions of the marketing discipline have been recognized and called upon to help resolve the conflict. With this dissertation, I attempt to shed light on the role that price plays in preemptive and post-entry market defense of firms. As such, the questions tackled include but are not limited to: how effective is price as an entry-deterrence tool; in conjunction with firm and market specific barriers to entry; and as a post-entry retaliation mechanism? What are the facilitating conditions for limit, aggressive (predatory), competitive and supra-competitive pricing? What are the (long-term) consequences of these strategies? Following a multi-disciplinary literature review, I present a dynamic process model and test my hypotheses in a key network industry the airline industry. Building upon the advantages of multiple methods a la triangulation, I find that both limit pricing and predatory pricing can serve as effective strategies for the incumbents market defense. Predatory use of pricing in network industries may diminish consumer welfare. Results also suggest that firm specific barriers have a more significant role in market defense than market specific barriers. Insights and frameworks based on the marketing philosophy are also presented with the hope of advancing the ongoing debate between the Chicago and Post-Chicago Schools of thought.

Univ., Diss.--Paris, 2000. / Bibliogr.

Thesis (doctoral)--Universität Witten/Herdecke, 2005. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 13-33).

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