No abstract available. / Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2012. / gm2014 / Centre for Human Rights / unrestricted

The thesis deals with the use of articles in German, English and Czech. In the theoretical part the characteristics of German and English article, its varieties and historical development is introduced, and one chapter is dedicated to the existence of potential article in Czech. Further the usage of the articles in German and English is described, primarily with the abstracta. In the practical part ten selected abstracta will be analysed. For the analyses the cases in which there are different articles will be crucial. The occurrence and function of Czech demonstrative and indefinite pronouns that evince certain similarities of an article will be also examined.

Submitted by Marlene Santos (marlene.bc.ufg@gmail.com) on 2018-10-31T18:10:41Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Maria das Graças Monteiro Castro - 2018.pdf: 7779736 bytes, checksum: a867547ab6cfc3f92e6ac3d0fe8ddc5e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Luciana Ferreira (lucgeral@gmail.com) on 2018-11-01T11:16:39Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Maria das Graças Monteiro Castro - 2018.pdf: 7779736 bytes, checksum: a867547ab6cfc3f92e6ac3d0fe8ddc5e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-01T11:16:39Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Tese - Maria das Graças Monteiro Castro - 2018.pdf: 7779736 bytes, checksum: a867547ab6cfc3f92e6ac3d0fe8ddc5e (MD5) license_rdf: 0 bytes, checksum: d41d8cd98f00b204e9800998ecf8427e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-09-25 / This research study is based on the premise that the research article has become one of the most privileged means of constructing and communicating the knowledge produced in universities, and even the only yardstick for measuring intellectual and scientific work in various fields of expertise. Thus, it aims to address the political, economic, and cultural determinations underlying the centrality of the research article as the most valued product of the Brazilian public university; its implications for scholars’ working conditions; the effects of research and intellectual production for the academic career. This study is grounded on the neoliberal paradigm within the context of globalisation, a paradigm which has determined economic changes in Brazil since the 1990s and imposed a productivist logic as a way to regulate global reorganisation of the economy and of labour. Work productivity is viewed as central to this form of capital accumulation, transforming the general conditions of production and of labour. The implementation of a neoliberal policy in Brazil in the last two decades has promoted a higher education reform and a new configuration of public universities. Discussing the role of universities in a neoliberal world from a Marxist perspective reveals, therefore, the process of neoliberalisation in public universities and the significant changes brought about to the work of scholars. By addressing the nature of academic work and its productivist logic, this study examines the leading role of the research article within Brazilian scientific production and the homogenisation of forms and values assigned by the metrication of productivity assessment. It offers a discussion of assessment notions guiding current political interventions, the role of the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (Capes) in implementing an assessment policy that acts as an instrument of control and regulation, and the research article as a form of academic merchandise. / Esta pesquisa de doutorado, desenvolvida no Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação, na linha de pesquisa Fundamentos dos Processos Educativos. Ao identificar o artigo científico como um dos meios mais privilegiados da construção e comunicação do conhecimento produzido na universidade, o presente trabalho tem como objetivo compreender como a atividade científica passa a ser organizada e direcionada com base em classificações que se focam em resultados e produtos, influenciada por um modelo produtivista. A partir dessa premissa, o trabalho buscou situar no processo de produção e publicização do conhecimento, o papel do artigo científico como um dos meios mais privilegiados nos processos de avaliação do trabalho docente e discutir: quais foram as determinações constitutivas da centralidade do artigo científico, como produto mais valorado, na universidade pública brasileira e como ele se torna uma mercadoria acadêmica, que implicará nas condições do trabalho e carreira docentes. Trata-se de um estudo teórico com base na análise do trabalho produtivo na perspectiva marxista e em parte documental, a partir das análise de documentos oficiais do Mec e da Capes que estruturaram as alterações nos processos avaliativos do trabalho docente, a partir de 1995. Esse estudo busca apontar para um construto que permita discutir e entender as mudanças sócio históricas no meio universitário que levaram à tendência do artigo científico se transformar em mercadoria nos processos de avaliação acadêmicos. A pesquisa se pauta pela compreensão da concepção neoliberalista no contexto da globalização, que impulsionou mudanças econômicas, no Estado brasileiro, a partir da década de 1990. Essas mudanças impõem uma lógica produtivista como forma de regular a reorganização mundial da economia e do trabalho. Com isso, a produtividade no processo de trabalho é o ponto central dessa forma de acumulação do capital, que altera as condições gerais de produção e do mundo do trabalho. Dessa forma, a implementação da política neoliberal no Estado brasileiro, nesse período, promove profundas alterações na universidade brasileira e reconfigurando o trabalho acadêmico. Na discussão sobre a universidade no mundo neoliberal, fica claro tanto o processo de neoliberalização na universidade pública quanto as significativas alterações operadas no trabalho docente, tendo por fundamento a análise do trabalho produtivo, sob a perspectiva marxista. Essa discussão abrange tópicos como a natureza do trabalho acadêmico e o produtivismo nele materializado. Assim, caracteriza-se o protagonismo do artigo científico na produção científica no Brasil e o processo de homogeneização de formas e valores com base na metrificação da avaliação da produtividade. Nesses meandros, questionam-se as concepções de avaliação que orientam as intervenções políticas contemporâneas, a atuação da Capes na implantação de uma política de avaliação como instrumento de controle e regulação, e o artigo científico como forma de mercadoria acadêmica.

This thesis aims to analyze whether the alternative EU forum loci solutionis of Article 7 (1) of the Brussel Ibis Regulation is applicable to Software Contracts. This is done by analyzing and accounting for the structure, purpose and problems of the application of BIbis Article 7 (1) to Software Contracts, by using a fictive case to highlight the particular problems regarding these types of contracts. Since two types of contracts are specifically stated in Article 7 (1) (b): sale of goods and provision of services, the thesis finds that Software Contracts may be characterized as either of these with the autonomous criteria established by CJEU case-law, or as another type of contract under Article 7 (1) (a). In the second step of localization in the method established by CJEU case-law, the four identified places of performance for Software Contracts are: (i) the place of the upload; (ii) the place of the download; (iii) the place to which the service provider has a special connection; and (iv) the place to which the buyer has a special connection. By approaching this issue de lege ferenda, a technology neutral method is first proposed for resolving the issue of characterization. This technology neutral method is further proposed for the following localization issue of identifying the place of performance for Software Contracts under the forum loci solutionis provision in BIbis Article 7 (1), where the place of performance for Software Contracts characterized as sale of goods is the place of download. Respectively, the place of performance for Software Contracts for provision of services under BIbis Article 7 (1) (b) is the domicile of the service provider.

ITC/USA 2009 Conference Proceedings / The Forty-Fifth Annual International Telemetering Conference and Technical Exhibition / October 26-29, 2009 / Riviera Hotel & Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada / The integrated Network-Enhanced Telemetry (iNET) Test Article Standards Working Group (TASWG) has developed a standard for Telemetry Network System (TmNS). The introduction of Internet Protocol (IP) networks on test ranges has created the potential for greater flexibility in the telemetry environment. This paper discusses the rationale for particular decisions concerning key components mandated by the standard. Performance implications concerning the mandates of the standard are also described. As an educational aid, examples of TAS-based processing philosophies and data structures have been constructed. These examples, including sending and receiving messages, are shown to reinforce understanding core concepts of the standard.

Article 27 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights is a legally binding and justiciable minority protection provision. It stipulates, “In those States in which ethnic, religious or linguistic minorities exist, persons belonging to such minorities shall not be denied the right, in community with the other members of their group, to enjoy their own culture, to profess and practise their own religion, or to use their own lan-guage.” Perhaps due to its negative, weak and qualified terminology, too many legal scholars display a dismissive attitude toward this article suggesting that they deem it to be an inadequate measure of minority protection. This thesis seeks to address the question of whether article 27 is simply another inadequate measure or an underappreciated resource through analyses of four key questions: (i) the scope question, (ii) the definitional ques¬tion, (iii) the right-bearer question, and, (iv) the obligation question. Article 27’s cautious terminology has produced much confusion and controversy, but the United Nations Human Rights Com¬mittee’s practice has helped clarify many significant points of contention. Despite contesta¬tions to the contrary by many States parties, article 27 has a universal scope and applicability with only two minor, but significant, exceptions. The right-holder is a person belonging to a non-majority ethnic, national, indigenous, racial, religious or linguistic community, and she bears and exercises the rights protected by article 27 as an individual, even though she has a right to exercise them in concert with other members of her community. States parties are obligated to ensure that persons belonging to minority communities have these rights. Hence, I suggest that article 27 should be interpreted according to the following formulation: States parties have negative, and possibly also positive, obligations to ensure that persons belonging to non-majority ethnic, national, indigenous, racial, religious or linguistic communities have individual rights to enjoy their own culture, to profess and practise their own religion, and to use their own language, including also the right to exercise these rights in concert with other members of their community. / Thesis (Master, Law) -- Queen's University, 2013-10-01 18:37:15.416

No description available.

Presentation given on October 27, 2016 at Data Reproducibility: Integrity and Transparency program as part of Open Access Week 2016. / Ivan Oransky and Adam Marcus founded Retraction Watch in 2010. Unbeknownst to them, retractions had grown ten-fold in the previous decade. Oransky will discuss the reasons for that increase, whether fraud is on the rise, the growth of post-publication peer review, and other trends he and Marcus have seen as they've built a site that is now viewed by 150,000 people per month, and funded by philanthropies including the MacArthur and Arnold Foundations.

Le droit de retour légal est celui en vertu duquel une personne succède à des biens qui avaient été remis gratuitement au défunt décédé sans postérité. Il s’agit d’une institution ancienne dont le fondement premier était traditionnellement la conservation des biens dans la famille. Apparu en droit romain, appliqué dans l’ancien droit français, le retour légal fut inséré in extremis dans le Code Napoléon, à côté du droit de retour de nature conventionnelle qu’il est loisible aux parties de stipuler. Des trois cas de retour prévus en 1804, deux furent supprimés par la loi du 3 janvier 1972. Il fallut attendre la loi du 3 décembre 2001 pour qu’à l’article 757-3 un nouveau droit de retour légal soit instauré au bénéfice des frères et soeurs qui, du fait de la réforme, se trouvaient primés par le conjoint dans la dévolution ab intestat. Puis la loi du 23 juin 2006 instaura à son tour à l’article 738-2 un droit de retour légal au profit des père et mère qui venaient de perdre leur qualité d’héritier réservataire. Dans ces deux cas, on observe que l’instauration du droit de retour légal constitue une contrepartie, pour les uns de leur exclusion de la dévolution par le conjoint, pour les autres de la perte du bénéfice de la réserve : fonction originale pour un droit de retour légal. Si les fondements des textes nouveaux ne sont pas évidents à mettre en lumière, leurs régimes novateurs soulèvent également de nombreuses difficultés d’applications et d’interprétations. Naguère, le retour légal organisait la dévolution successorale d’un bien en fonction de son origine dont il résultait une dualité de succession. Aujourd’hui, le retour légal n’organise plus que la dévolution successorale d’une portion de bien en tenant compte de son origine et l’on doute qu’il constitue dans tous les cas une succession anomale impliquant une dualité de succession. Ces incertitudes engagent à se demander s’il est possible de déroger au retour légal et comment. Au-delà de la dérogation conventionnelle, la modification et même l’abrogation des textes doivent être envisagées. / The statutory reversion right is the right under which a person inherits assets which were returned free of charge to the deceased who died leaving no descendants. It is an old institution which primary basis is, traditionally, the preservation of assets in the family. Established in Roman law, applied in old French law, statutory reversion was inserted in extremis in the Napoleonic code (the French civil code) next to the conventional reversion right which can be stipulated by the two parties within the framework of a transfer contract inter vivos. Out of the three cases provided in 1804, two were removed by the law of January 3, 1972. But it was not until December 3, 2001 that was established, in article 757-3 of the Civil Code, a new statutory reversion right in favour of the brothers and sisters, who, as a consequence of the reform, were superseded by the spouse in the transfer under intestate succession. Then the law of June 23, 2006 established, in turn, in article 738-2 of the Civil Code, a statutory reversion right in favour of the father and mother who had just lost their qualification of rightful heirs. In both cases, we can notice that the establishment of the statutory reversion right constitutes a counterpart, on one hand according to the exclusion for transfer by the spouse, on the other hand, the loss of the benefit of reservation: a particular role for the statutory reversion right. If the bases of the new texts are not easily highlighted, their innovative schemes also raise numerous difficulties of application and interpretation. Formerly, statutory reversion established transmission of property by inheritance according to its origin from which a duality in terms of inheritance resulted. Nowadays, statutory reversion only establishes transmission of property by inheritance of a portion of goods, taking into account its origin, and this raises some doubt as to whether it shall constitute, in all cases, an anomalous succession implying duality in terms of inheritance. This results in uncertainties which lead to wonder if it is possible to derogate from the statutory reversion and how this could be done. Beyond variation by agreement, the modification and even the repeal of texts must be considered.

No description available.