A diferença entre estações de trabalho é considerada desprezível em linhas de montagem tradicionais. Por outro lado, linhas de montagem heterogêneas consideram o problema de indústrias nas quais os tempos das tarefas variam de acordo com alguma característica a ser selecionada para a tarefa. No Problema de Balanceamento e Atribuição de Trabalhadores em Linhas de Montagem (do inglês Assembly Line Worker Assignment and Balancing Problem, ALWABP), os trabalhadores são responsáveis por estações de trabalho e de acordo com as suas habilidades, eles executam as tarefas em diferentes quantidades de tempo. Em alguns casos, os trabalhadores podem até ser incapazes de executar algumas tarefas. No Problema de Balanceamento de Linhas de Montagem Robóticas (do inglês Robotic Assembly Line Balancing Problem, RALBP), há diferentes tipos de robôs e o conjunto de tarefas de cada estação deve ser executada por um robô. Robôs do mesmo tipo podem ser usados múltiplas vezes. Nós propomos métodos exatos e heurísticos para a minimização do tempo de ciclo destes dois problemas, para um número fixo de estações. Os problemas têm características similares que são exploradas para produzir limitantes inferiores, métodos inferiores, models de programação inteira mista, e regras de redução e dominância. Para a estratégia de ramificação do método de branch-and-bound, entretanto, as diferenças entre os problemas forçam o uso de dois algoritmos diferentes. Uma estratégia orientada a tarefas tem os melhores resultados para o ALWABP-2, enquanto uma estratégia orientada a estações tem os melhores resultados para o RALBP-2. Nós mostramos que os limitantes inferiores, heurísticas, modelos de programação inteira mista e algoritmos de branch-and-bound para estes dois problemas são competitivos com os métodos do estado da arte da literatura. / The difference among workstations is assumed to be negligible in traditional assembly lines. Heterogeneous assembly lines consider the problem of industries in which the task times vary according to some property to be selected for the task. In the Assembly Line Worker Assignment and Balancing Problem (ALWABP), workers are assigned to workstations and according to their abilities, they execute tasks in different amounts of time. In some cases they can even be incapable of executing some tasks. In the Robotic Assembly Line Balancing Problem (RALBP) there are different types of robots and each station must be executed by a robot. Multiple robots of the same type may be used. We propose exact and heuristic methods for minimizing the cycle time of these two problems, for a fixed number of stations. The problems have similar characteristics that are explored to produce lower bounds, heuristic methods, mixed-integer programming models, and reduction and dominance rules. For the branching strategy of the branch-and-bound method, however, the differences among the problem force the use of two different algorithms. A task-oriented strategy has the best results for the ALWABP-2 while a station-oriented strategy has the best results for the RALBP-2. The lower bounds, heuristics, MIP models and branch-and-bound algorithms for these two problems are shown to be competitive with the state-of-the-art methods in the literature.

Orientador: Iris Bento da Silva / Dissertação (mestrado profissional) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecânica / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T06:21:52Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Nikititz_Laercio_M.pdf: 4752044 bytes, checksum: 849738f911f24b0ca9fae4423c9406f7 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: O presente trabalho consiste em uma análise do sistema de controle e rastreabilidade de processo usado para o funcionamento da linha de montagem de motores diesel HS (high speed) na fábrica da MWM International Motores na planta de Canoas/Brasil. O objetivo da análise é detectar as oportunidades de melhorias a serem implementadas no processo, através de mudanças nesse sistema, tornando o processo mais confiável em termos de qualidade do produto fabricado. A metodologia usada para desenvolvimento deste trabalho é a de pesquisa-ação, na qual foi selecionada uma linha de montagem como alvo de estudo. O levantamento de dados inclui a descrição do sistema utilizado, o fluxo do processo em estudo, dados de ocorrências de interrupções e desvios de fluxo normal de processo o histórico de implantação do atual sistema, um comparativo entre versões inicial, nova versão e versão futura, um mapeamento do processo conectado ao sistema e coleta e estratificação de dados de entradas e saídas do processo em cada estação de trabalho. É realizado um estudo de modos e efeitos potenciais de falha com uso da ferramenta PFMEA (análise dos modos e efeitos de falha potencial de processo) e uma pesquisa sobre fundamentos de sistemas poka-yoke e TI em linhas de montagem direcionado à indústria automobilística. O resultado é uma lista de melhorias implementadas, melhorias piloto e suas discussões e oportunidades de melhoria futura a fim de reduzir a vulnerabilidade, em termos de qualidade, do processo produtivo de montagem de motores diesel na linha HS e também de rastreabilidade de dados e aproveitamento de relatórios diversos / Abstract: This study aims an analysis of the process control system and traceability for the assembly line of diesel engines HS (high speed) in the MWM plant at Canoas / Brazil. The goal of analysis is to identify opportunities for improvements to be implemented in the process through changes in the system making the assembly process more reliable in terms of quality of manufactured product. The methodology used for this work is the development of an action research, in which were selected an assembly line as the subject of study. The survey includes a description of the system used, the process flow in the study, data instances of interruptions and deviations from the normal flow of the historical process of implementing the current system. An initial comparison between versions, the new version and future version, a process mapping system and connected to the collection and stratification of data inputs and outputs of the process on each workstation. It is a study of modes and the potential effects of failure with use of the tool PFMEA (process failure mode and effects analysis) and a survey concerning the base of error proofing systems and IT on the assembly lines steering to automobile industry. The result is a list of improvements implemented, improved pilot and his discussions and opportunities for improvement in order to reduce vulnerability in terms of quality of the production process diesel engine assembly line in HS and also the traceability of data and utilization data several reports / Mestrado / Manufatura / Mestre em Engenharia Automobilistica

The research reported in this thesis is an attempt to test empirically the proposition that specialization in jobs negatively affects the organizational attachment of industrial blue-collar workers. Task specialization refers to the condition where the components of work process are divided into various minute tasks and only a limited number of tasks are assigned to an individual job. In the present study task specialization was operationalized in terms of production-line mechanization in workers' departments. Organizational attachment refers to a specific kind of relationship between a worker and his organization in which the worker (1) accepts and supports the goals and policies of the employing organization, (2) shows a willingness to exert effort for the success of his employing organization, and (3) shows a strong desire to remain a member of his employing organization. The above three dimensions of organizational attachment were measured by asking various questions of workers. The field work for this research was done among industrial workers in Vancouver, British Columbia. A total of fifteen companies were contacted over a period of four months. Of the nine companies which agreed to participate in the research, six were purposely selected in such a way as to have an equal number of workers at each level of production-line mechanization. Data were collected by the method of a structured questionnaire, as well as by direct observation. A total of 550 production workers in six companies were given the 'Organizational Attachment Questionnaire', and 68 percent (377) of these workers returned a completed questionnaire. An average of six to eight hours was spent in each company in observing the technological processes entailed in workers' jobs. To measure the extent of association between production-line mechanization and organizational attachment, Somers' D, which is a strong monotonic asymmetric measure of association for ordinal variables, was computed. The zero order analysis suggested a negative association between production-line mechanization and overall organizational attachment. The first order analysis suggested that there was a negative association between production-line mechanization and overall organizational attachment only for workers who were in the middle age group (30-44), who were male, who had been in the company for less than five years, and who held less than three jobs in their employing organizations. It was also found that task repetition and task simplification were, respectively, negatively related with workers' willingness to exert effort for the success of the employing organization and workers' desire to remain in the employing organization for an indefinite period of time. / Arts, Faculty of / Sociology, Department of / Graduate

This diploma thesis deals with the construction design of a non-autonomous universal machine used for suction of free dirt on assembly lines for headlights according to customer requirements. This diploma thesis also focuses on safety analyses, a draft of development diagram for a control logic machine, and on a scheme of pneumatic mechanism. The thesis contains an illustration of design documentation.

This diploma thesis deals with the design of modular production interchangeable machine for fuel hub assembly based on customer requirements and standards for safety and ergonomics. The thesis also includes a conceptual design of a universal machine for setting up different versions of modular production interchangeable machines and a drawing documentation of selected assemblies and manufactured parts.

The master thesis concerns a project to streamline the production process by designing an assembly line to produce glass doors. The aim of the project is to increase the productivity due to the increasing demand of customers for products. The production process is analysed by mapping the value stream and finding a suitable solution using industrial engineering and lean manufacturing methods. In order to ensure successful project implementation project management tools and methods are used. The project also includes economic evaluation of the investment.

This diploma thesis is about integration process of assembly line automation on rail assembly. In the beginning is introduced Bosch Company, then follows up theoretical part about automation and assembly lines. After theoretical introduction continues description of current state of rail assembly and choice the best line for automation and its detailed description. After that, the work deals with finding of the best solution for line automation. Found solutions are evaluated using the decision matrix. After the best one of them is chosen. There is also calculation of investments, because the one of important conditions is, that payback period has to be less than two years. Next step is choice of the most suitable supplier and integrator, which can cope with all requirements. At the end of thesis is analysis of risks done and thanks to this, are potentials for improvement of workplace safety found.

This Diploma thesis is aimed at testing centre at the assembly line for boarding steps and ramps for rail vehicles. This project describes various activities and issues associated with the testing of these products. The project also evaluates current testing processes and proposes optimal future state and recommends solutions necessary to achieve this. A new design of a testing centre is also developed.

The aim of this diploma thesis is processing of the design of the assembly line for assembling of water ventilation systems of thermoregulation of an engine. The proposal is comprised of determination of the line cycle time, required number of workers and a creation of three possible options of assembly line solution. The final variant will be chosen by using a multi-criterion evaluation.

This thesis focuses on the windscreen mounting options on the assembly line at Škoda Auto in Mladá Boleslav. The aim is to describe the possible assembly options and to determine the optimal variant. In the first part the key theoretical information is described, followed by an analysis of the current state. After the introduction of two new proposals the variatiants are compared to each other in terms of finance and overall suitability using multicriteria method.