This thesis investigates attitudes toward different regional varieties of Arabic and how native speakers perceive their own dialect vis-à-vis others. Building from previous research in the field, this study specifically seeks to learn which dialects are preferred, which are seen as being nearest to Standard Arabic (fuṣḥā), and whether there is a correlation between masculinity and fuṣḥā. The results of a two-part sociolinguistic questionnaire, distributed to 44 participants, suggest that many native Arabic speakers have overall positive attitudes about their own dialects, though this is often complicated by factors of prestige and gender. When asked directly which dialect they believed to be most similar to fuṣḥā, many participants list Arabian Peninsula varieties, yet when asked more indirectly the majority of participants indicate their own dialect is nearest to fuṣḥā. Finally, the proposed relationship between masculinity and fuṣḥā, suggested but never substantiated by earlier studies, proves to be epiphenomenal here.

This is a study of the manner in which death is organised in the city of Belfast. It is concerned with the analysis of the principles, practices, and forms of knowledge which serve to organise the dead from the moment at which physical death is pronounced until the moment of disposal. The thesis is presented in two parts. Part One is entitled Public Bodies. It focuses, in the main, upon the discourse through which individual deaths in particular, and mortality patterns in general, are explained, described, and analysed by state agents and agencies. Chapter One examines the principles according to which causes of death are discovered and allocated. Chapter Two switches attention to modes of death, and examines the use of categories of natural and unnatural death. Chapter Three focuses upon the discourse of modern pathology as it operates within the confines of the city mortuary. And, Chapter Four, concentrates upon the General Register Office, and the principles according to which it collects, collates, and produces data on Belfast mortality patterns. The second part of the thesis is entitled Private Death. Here, the point of focus shifts to the examination of the activities and forms of thought which operate outside of, and beyond the official state agencies. Chapter Five presents an investigation of the organisational principles through which death is ordered within the cemetery, the city, and the hospital. Chapter Six, investigates the ways in which sentiments of the bereaved are structured in relation to the dead. Whilst Chapter Seven focuses upon the organisation of body, soul, and social being during the phase of disposal. The final chapter examines the interpenetration of Belfast politics and political ideologies with the social practices which surround the disposal of the dead. The methodological basis of the study is outlined in Appendix A.

Magister Artium (Psychology) - MA(Psych) / Menstruation is an integral and normal part of human life, indeed of human existence. Instead of being celebrated as a noteworthy landmark of biological maturity in a young girl‟s life, menstruation has become an organic experience burdened with socio-cultural implications (Ussher, 2006). Existing studies suggest that males often view menstruation in a more negative light, which have shown to promote sexism and negative attitudes towards women (Marvan, Vazquez-Toboada, & Chrisler, 2013). The Menstrual Attitude Questionnaire (MAQ) was designed to assess attitudes towards menstruation among men and women and has been applied in a variety of contexts (Brooks-Gun and Ruble, 1980). Despite the extensive use of this scale in various contexts (Jarrah & Kamel, 2012; Neşe Sahin Ozdemir, 2013) there is limited information on its psychometric properties, specifically the factor structure of the instrument. For the MAQ to be meaningful when used in South Africa, it is first necessary to explore the psychometric properties of the instrument when applied to a South African sample. Participants (n = 163) for the study were young male students from the University of the Western Cape who were recruited through purposive sampling. Permission to access students was obtained from the registrar‟s office. Informed consent was obtained from participants for data collection and for use of the data for research purposes. The questionnaires were anonymous in order to protect participant identities. To further ensure confidentiality, all data was kept on a password protected personal computer. Furthermore, this study utilised a cross-sectional research design. Two self-report measures were administered: the MAQ and a demographic questionnaire. Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) was used to uncover the underlying structure of the MAQ. The study found that both the EFA, as well as the forced factor solution, did not produce a meaningful pattern of loadings. All ethical guidelines stipulated by the University of the Western Cape were strictly adhered to.

A review of the literature reveals that nothing has been done at the pre-school level in the measurement of attitudes; yet Gesell in his studies recognizes that young children do have attitudes even though many are short-lived and developmental. This lack plus the writer's interest led to the present study of the attitudes of the children enrolled in the Florida State University Nursery School. / Typescript. / "May, 1949." / "Submitted to the Graduate Council of Florida State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts under Plan II." / Advisor: Ralph L. Witherspoon, Professor Directing Paper. / Includes bibliographical references (leaf 43).

by Lee Yee Chung, Edmund. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1991. / Bibliography: leaves 14-17. / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.ii / ABSTRACT --- p.iii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.v / LIST OF APPENDICES --- p.viii / LIST OF TABLES --- p.ix / PREFACE --- p.xii / Chapter CHAPTER I --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Purpose of This Study --- p.2 / Chapter CHAPTER II --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.4 / Food of China --- p.4 / Kinds of Chinese Foods --- p.4 / Chinese Food Concepts --- p.5 / Characteristics of Chinese Foods --- p.7 / Food Trends in Foreign Countries --- p.9 / Consumer Behaviour of Chinese towards Canned Foods in Hong Kong --- p.10 / Canned Food Consumption in the United Kingdom --- p.11 / Responses of Canned Foods Company towards the Changing Food Trend --- p.12 / Healthy Canned Products --- p.12 / Specialty Markets --- p.12 / Other Methods --- p.13 / Bibliography --- p.14 / Books --- p.14 / Reports --- p.14 / Periodicals --- p.15 / Chapter CHAPTER III --- THE CANNED FOOD INDUSTRY --- p.17 / Types of Chinese Canned Foods --- p.17 / Chinese Canned Food Companies in Hong Kong --- p.18 / Major Brands of Chinese Canned Foods Manufactured in Mainland China --- p.19 / Chapter CHAPTER IV --- MARKET SITUATION OF CANNED FOODS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM --- p.22 / General Situation --- p.22 / Canned Meat --- p.23 / Canned Fish --- p.24 / Canned Vegetables --- p.24 / Canned Fruit --- p.24 / Canned Soup --- p.25 / Consumer Profile --- p.25 / Industry Supply --- p.30 / Foreign-Owned Manufacturers --- p.31 / UK-Owned Manufacturers --- p.33 / Other Companies --- p.35 / Distribution --- p.36 / Market Size and Trends --- p.37 / Market Situation of Chinese Canned Foods in London --- p.39 / Place --- p.39 / Product --- p.40 / Pricing --- p.40 / Promotion --- p.41 / Chapter CHAPTER V --- METHODOLOGY --- p.42 / Sources of Primary Data --- p.42 / Districts being Surveyed --- p.42 / Selected districts in London --- p.42 / Selected districts in Hong Kong --- p.42 / Sample Size --- p.43 / Quotas --- p.43 / By Race --- p.43 / By Age --- p.43 / By district --- p.43 / Design of Questionnaire --- p.44 / Criteria for Identifying Target --- p.44 / Method of Survey --- p.45 / Interviewing Procedures --- p.45 / Data Analysis --- p.46 / Chapter CHAPTER VI --- FINDINGS --- p.48 / Key Factors Influencing the Consumption of Chinese Canned Foods --- p.48 / Social Factors --- p.48 / Personal Factors --- p.49 / 4 P's --- p.50 / Chinese and Non-Chinese Female Consumers' Perception towards Chinese Canned Foods --- p.52 / Foreign Chinese and Non-Chinese Female Consumers' Reasons for Buying --- p.52 / Foreign Non-consumers' Reasons for Not Buying --- p.52 / Foreign Chinese and Non-Chinese Consumers' Buying Patterns for Chinese Canned Foods --- p.53 / Where Do the Consumers Buy --- p.53 / How Do They Buy --- p.54 / Who Buys It --- p.54 / What to Buy --- p.55 / Why to Buy --- p.55 / Who Likes It --- p.55 / Chapter CHAPTER VII --- RECOMMENDATIONS --- p.56 / Pricing --- p.56 / Raise Retail Price --- p.56 / Promotion --- p.56 / Chinese Canned Food Exhibition --- p.56 / Chinese Canned Food Cooking Demonstrations --- p.57 / Opinions from Experts --- p.57 / Girls in Traditional Dress --- p.58 / A Whole Shelf of Chinese Canned Foods --- p.58 / Product Sampling Package --- p.58 / Advertising --- p.59 / Food Trials --- p.59 / Promotion by Using Pamphlets --- p.59 / Cents-off coupons and Rebates --- p.60 / Product --- p.60 / Sell Package --- p.60 / Emphasize Medical Values --- p.61 / Put Emphasis on Canned Vegetarian Foods --- p.61 / Emphasize Famous Chinese Dishes --- p.62 / Special Kinds of Canned Fruits --- p.62 / Reduce Additives --- p.62 / Packaging --- p.62 / Distribution --- p.65 / Sell in Major Supermarkets and Groceries --- p.65 / Chinese Canned Foods Specialty Stores --- p.65 / Chapter CHAPTER VIII --- LIMITATIONS OF THE RESEARCH AND SUGGESTIONS FOR FURTHER STUDY --- p.66 / Limitations of the Research --- p.66 / Small Sample Limited to London --- p.66 / Only Urban Population --- p.66 / Recommendations based only on Marketing Research --- p.67 / No Detailed Marketing Plan --- p.67 / Chapter CHAPTER IX --- CONCLUSION --- p.68

by Iu Ho Tsz Carmen & Tam Suk Yan Tammy. / Thesis (M.B.A.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1999. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 124-132). / abstract --- p.ii / TABLE OF CONTENTS --- p.iii / LIST OF TABLES --- p.v / ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.viii / CHAPTER / Chapter I. --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter II. --- Literature Review --- p.5 / Chapter III. --- Background --- p.11 / Chapter IV. --- Hypotheses --- p.18 / Chapter V. --- Methodology --- p.25 / Content Analysis --- p.26 / Information Content --- p.26 / Emotional Appeal --- p.26 / Sex Appeal --- p.27 / Selection of Magazines --- p.28 / Selection of Advertisements --- p.29 / Evaluation of Advertisements --- p.29 / Survey --- p.30 / Chapter VI. --- Results --- p.32 / Content Analysis --- p.32 / General Magazine Profile --- p.32 / General Presentation of Advertisements --- p.33 / Proportion of Advertising Product Category in Women's Magazines --- p.33 / Color and Size --- p.34 / lmage Model --- p.35 / Contact Methods --- p.36 / Information Content --- p.37 / Emotional Appeal --- p.42 / Use of Sex Appeal --- p.44 / Survey --- p.46 / Reading Habit --- p.46 / Advertising Effectiveness --- p.49 / Information Content --- p.49 / Emotional Appeal --- p.52 / Perception Towards Sex Appeal --- p.56 / Definition of Sex Appeal --- p.56 / Impression on Sex Appeal --- p.58 / Comparison of Feelings --- p.59 / Chapter VII. --- Discussions And Implications --- p.61 / General --- p.61 / Advertisers' Selection of Magazines --- p.61 / Necessities of Contact Modes --- p.62 / Information Content --- p.63 / Text Level vs. Information Level --- p.66 / Usefulness vs. Attractiveness of Advertisements --- p.66 / Emotional Appeal --- p.66 / Sex Appeal --- p.67 / Women's Perceptions of Sex Appealin Print Advertisements --- p.67 / Appropriateness/Acceptance Level of the Use of Sex Appeal --- p.68 / Acceptance Level of Sex Appeal vs. Age --- p.69 / Sex Appeal vs. Nudity --- p.69 / Limitations --- p.70 / APPENDIX --- p.72 / bibliography --- p.124

Lin, Lei. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2010. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 69-73). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Chapter CHAPTER ONE --- INTRODUCTION --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- BACKGROUND --- p.1 / Chapter 1.2 --- RESEARCH OBJECTIVE --- p.3 / Chapter 1.3 --- OUTLINE OF THIS STUDY --- p.4 / Chapter CHAPTER TWO --- LITERATURE REVIEW --- p.5 / Chapter 2.1 --- ASYMMETRlC COMPETITION --- p.5 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- Previous Explanations --- p.5 / Chapter 2.2 --- CONSUMER SUSPICION OF ULTERIOR MOTIVE --- p.10 / Chapter 2.2.1 --- Definition of Consumer Suspicion --- p.10 / Chapter 2.2.2 --- Characteristic of Consumer Suspicion of Ulterior Motives --- p.12 / Chapter 2.2.3 --- Consumer Suspicion of Ulterior Motives in Consumer Research --- p.12 / Chapter 2.3 --- ATTRIBUTION --- p.16 / Chapter CHAPTER THREE --- PROPOSITION DEVELOPMENT --- p.20 / Chapter CHAPTER FOUR --- STUDY ONE --- p.25 / Chapter 4.1 --- OBJECTIVES --- p.25 / Chapter 4.2 --- METHOD --- p.25 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- "Participants, Design and Stimuli" --- p.25 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Procedure --- p.27 / Chapter 4.3 --- RESULTS --- p.28 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Manipulation Check --- p.28 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Dependent Variable --- p.28 / Chapter 4.4 --- DISCUSSION --- p.32 / Chapter CHAPTER FIVE --- STUDY TWO --- p.34 / Chapter 5.1 --- OBJECTIVES --- p.34 / Chapter 5.2 --- METHOD --- p.34 / Chapter 5.2.1 --- "Participants, Design and Stimuli" --- p.34 / Chapter 5.2.2 --- Procedure --- p.36 / Chapter 5.2.3 --- Measures --- p.37 / Chapter 5.3 --- ANALYSIS AND RESULTS --- p.40 / Chapter 5.3.1 --- Manipulation Check --- p.40 / Chapter 5.3.2 --- Dependent Variable --- p.42 / Chapter 5.3.3 --- Attribution Inference --- p.44 / Chapter 5.3.4 --- Mediating Effects of Attribution Inferences --- p.47 / Chapter 5.4 --- DISCUSSION --- p.49 / Chapter CHAPTER SIX --- STUDY THREE --- p.53 / Chapter 6.1 --- OBJECTIVES --- p.53 / Chapter 6.2 --- METHOD --- p.53 / Chapter 6.2.1 --- "Participants, Design and Manipulation" --- p.53 / Chapter 6.2.2 --- Attribution Measures --- p.55 / Chapter 6.3 --- ANALYSIS AND RESULTS --- p.57 / Chapter 6.3.1 --- Manipulation Check --- p.57 / Chapter 6.3.2 --- Dependent Variable --- p.57 / Chapter 6.3.3 --- Attribution Inference --- p.58 / Chapter 6.3.4 --- Mediating Effects of Product Attribution --- p.59 / Chapter 6.4 --- DISCUSSION --- p.61 / Chapter CHAPTER SEVEN --- CONCLUSIONS --- p.64 / Chapter 7.1 --- SUMMARY OF TI-IE Findings --- p.64 / Chapter 7.2 --- THEORETICAL AND PRACTICAL IMPLICATIONS --- p.65 / Chapter 7.2.1 --- Theoretical Contributions --- p.65 / Chapter 7.2.2 --- Practical Implications --- p.66 / Chapter 7.3 --- LIMITATIONS AND FUTURE RESEARCH --- p.67 / BIBLIOGRAPHY --- p.69

Faculty of Health Science Master of Family Medicine / AIM: - To study the knowledge, attitudes and practices of first year students at UCC regarding parental and person alcohol use. OBJECTIVES: -To obtain demographic data on the students and to compare the children of alcoholics with the children of non-alcoholics to determine if any differences existed between the two groups. METHOD: - A questionnaire administered at the start of a lecture. RESULTS: -The students had a good knowledge of alcohol abuse and its causes. The majority was drinking within safe limits, had started drinking while still at school and obtained most of their knowledge about alcohol from their peers. The children of alcoholics felt more at risk of developing a drinking problem and chose careers in arts and food science in preference to others. RECOMMENDATIONS: - Education should take place at school with parental involvement. Special attention should be paid to the children of alcoholics, as they are high-risk.

No description available.

My research explores the lived experience of envy amongst psychotherapists and between psychotherapists in a psychotherapeutic community in New Zealand. It focuses on bringing the experience of envy out of hiddenness and into language.It then explores the understandings and the possibilities of meanings that these experiences have. Previous literature on envy has for the most part discussed the clients' envy for the psychotherapist, and very little has been written about the therapists' envy for the client. My research turns the focus to the psychotherapist as it looks at their envy for each other.As I was interested in the therapists' lived experiences of envy, I chose hermeneutic phenomenology as the methodology to explore these. I drew on the philosophical underpinnings offered by Heidegger, Gadamer and van Manen.What arose from my in-depth conversations with psychotherapists is that while envy is an experienced phenomenon that is for the most part not spoken, the powerful feelings that it evokes have great impact on both those who envy and those who are envied. Envy showed up as arising in a relational context, with perception, time and anxiety as contextual determinants. These, along with the findings of the lived experience of envy as a binding between self and other, as threatening to self and other and as a means of connecting with self and other, are some of the essential points discussed in my thesis.This study provides a starting point for a further exploration of the experience of envy amongst psychotherapists as well as envy's impact on who we are in ourselves and how we are with each other, both personally and professionally.