abstract: The coordination of developing various complex and large-scale projects using computers has been well established and is the so-called computer-supported cooperative work (CSCW). Collaborative software development consists of a group of teams working together to achieve a common goal for developing a high-quality, complex, and large-scale software system efficiently, and it requires common processes and communication channels among these teams. The common processes for coordination among software development teams can be handled by similar principles in CSCW. The development of complex and large-scale software becomes complicated due to the involvement of many software development teams. The development of such a software system can be largely improved by effective collaboration among the participating software development teams at both software components and system levels. The efficiency of developing software components depends on trusted coordination among the participating teams for sharing, processing, and managing information on various participating teams, which are often operating in a distributed environment. Participating teams may belong to the same organization or different organizations. Existing approaches to coordination in collaborative software development are based on using a centralized repository to store, process, and retrieve information on participating software development teams during the development. These approaches use a centralized authority, have a single point of failure, and restricted rights to own data and software. In this thesis, the generation of trusted coordination in collaborative software development using blockchain is studied, and an approach to achieving trusted cooperation for collaborative software development using blockchain is presented. The smart contracts are created in the blockchain to encode software specifications and acceptance criteria for the software results generated by participating teams. The blockchain used in the approach is a private blockchain because a private blockchain has the characteristics of providing non-repudiation, privacy, and integrity, which are required in trusted coordination of collaborative software development. This approach is implemented using Hyperledger, an open-source private blockchain. An example to illustrate the approach is also given. / Dissertation/Thesis / Masters Thesis Software Engineering 2020

Health Informatics has enlightened by the recent development in the internet of medical things 4.0. Healthcare services have seen greater acceptance of Information and Communications Technology (ICT) in recent years; in light of the increasing volume of patient data, the traditional way of storing data in physical files has eventually moved to a digital alternative such as Electronic Health Record (EHR). However, the conventional healthcare data systems are plagued with a single point of failure, security issues, mutable logging, and inefficient methods to retrieve healthcare records. Solid (Social Linked Data) has been developed as a decentralized technology to alter digital data sharing and ownership for its users radically. However, Solid alone cannot address all the security issues posed to data exchange and storage. This work combines two decentralized technologies, Solid ecosystem and Blockchain technology, to tackle potential security issues using Solidity-based Smart Contracts, thereby providing a secure patient centric design. This research evaluates a model solution for secure storage, emphasizing secure auditing of accessing the data stored. The architecture will also come with algorithms that will provide developers with logical instructions to implement the artefact.

Bakgrund: Sedan 1980-talet har en uppsättning organisatoriska idéer och teorier lånade från näringslivet under namnet New Public Management tagit sig in i den offentliga sektorn och sjukvården. I takt med att medvetenheten om dessa idéer och teorier ökat hos allmänheten har en levande debatt om New Public Management inom sjukvården tagit fart. Från politiskt håll har nu en önskan om att utveckla nya styrmodeller för offentlig sektor bortom New Public Management lagts fram. Därför är det av intresse att studera New Public Management-diskursen kring svensk sjukvård. Syfte: Denna studie avser studera den rådande New Public Management-diskursen kring svensk sjukvård. Utifrån ett kritiskt analytiskt perspektiv är syftet med studien också att undersöka hur denna diskurs kan kopplas till de strukturella relationer som manifesteras av språket. Metod: Kritisk diskursanalys Teorier: New Public Management, Revisions- och mätbarhet, Kvalitetsbegreppet, Diskursanalys, Kritisk diskursanalys Empiri: Sekundärdata bestående av debattartiklar om svensk sjukvård. Slutsats: Denna studie har identifierat en strukturell maktrelation i den diskursiva praktiken som manifesteras i språket. / Background: Since the 1980s, a collection of organizational ideas and theories borrowed from the private sector and under the name of New Public Management have entered the public sector and healthcare. As the public awareness of these ideas and theories has increased, a vivid debate about New Public Management within the healthcare has gained momentum. Politically, a wish for a development of new models of management beyond New Public Management in the public sector have been introduced. Thus, it is of interest to study the discourse of New Public Management surrounding Swedish healthcare. Objective: This thesis aims to study the current discourse of New Public Management surrounding Swedish healthcare. By using a critical analytical perspective the objective of the thesis is also to study how this discourse can be linked to the structural relations that manifest themselves through language. Method: Critical discourse analysis Theories: New Public Management, Auditability, Concept of quality, Discourse analysis, Critical discourse analysis Empiric: Secondary data consisting of debate articles about Swedish healthcare Conclusion: This thesis have identified a structural relation of power in the discoursive dimension which manifest itself through language.

Bakgrund: Ett nytt EU-direktiv som reglerar kraven för hållbarhetsredovisning träder i kraft 2024. Med det nya direktivet blir revision av hållbarhetsredovisning obligatorisk, vilket innebär att denna redovisning måste inkluderas i företagens förvaltningsberättelse. Denna förändring förväntas påverka revisionsprocessen och ställa högre kunskapskrav på revisionsprofessionen. Det finns även förutsägelser om en ökning av revisionsuppdrag samt ett ökat behov av kompetensutveckling inom revisionsyrket, eftersom revisionen utvidgas till att granska kvalitativ information. Syfte: Studiens syfte är att utforska hur kunskap skapar komfort inom revisionsprocessen när professionen utsätts för en förändring som innebär granskning av ett nytt område. Teoretisk referensram: Studien redogör hur nya områden kan bli revisionsbara och hur olika tillvägagångssätt kan tillämpas vid förändring inom revisionsprofessionen. Komfortteorin kommer likså att användas och kommer identifiera aspekter för hur revisorer kan behålla en känsla av trygghet i sin bedömning vid nya revisionsområden. Metod: Studien använder en innehållsanalys för att identifiera och analysera mönster. Tretton vetenskapliga artiklar har hittats och jämförts för att uppnå studiens syfte. Slutsats: Slutsatserna som framgår av studien identifierar att kunskap är grundläggande för att göra något revisionsbart. Det framgår även att avsaknaden av ett tydligt ramverk försvårar etableringen av hållbarhetsrevision. Studien identifierar likaså att ett samarbete mellan revisorer och hållbarhetspecialister hade kunnat förenkla bemötandet av de utmaningar som uppstår när revisionsområdet utvidgas. / Background: A new EU directive regulating the requirements for sustainability reporting will come into effect in 2024. With the new directive, the audit of sustainability reporting becomes mandatory, which means that this reporting must be included in companies' management reports. This change is expected to affect the audit process and impose higher knowledge requirements on the auditing profession. There are also predictions of an increase in audit assignments and a greater need for professional development within the auditing profession, as the audit expands to include qualitative information. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to explore how knowledge creates comfort within the audit process when the profession is subjected to a change that involves auditing a new area. Theoretical Framework: The study describes how new areas can become auditable and how different approaches can be applied during changes within the auditing profession. The comfort theory will also be used and will identify aspects of how auditors can maintain a sense of security in their assessment when auditing new areas. Method: The study uses a content analysis to identify and analyze patterns. Thirteen scientific articles have been found and compared to achieve the study's purpose. Conclusion: The conclusions drawn from the study identify that knowledge is fundamental to making something auditable. It also shows that the lack of a clear framework complicates the establishment of sustainability audits. The study likewise identifies that collaboration between auditors and sustainability specialists could facilitate addressing the challenges that arise when the audit area is expanded.in establishing frameworks may contribute to easing this adaptation process.