Este trabalho é uma abordagem institucional jurídica da prática social de ocupações de bens públicos valendo-se dos parâmetros da legislação pertinente e do conteúdo doutrinário correlato, em exercício de levantamento de características jurídicas comuns às práticas socialmente reconhecidas para uma generalização conceitual. Trata-se, então, da compilação de características recorrentes para a identificação e conceituação do que aparenta ser um instituto jurídico próprio de direito administrativo. Primeiramente, para retratar o fato social, propõe-se trazer ao debate breves retratos jornalísticos, os quais serão o ponto de partida para leitura do fenômeno sob o imperativo da função social da propriedade pública e o regime republicano-democrático do Estado brasileiro. Seguindo-se da análise do conteúdo legislativo correlato, analisado conforme a especialidade do regime jurídico administrativo. Finalmente, a partir das características identificadas indutivamente da doutrina e da legislação, pretendeu-se conceituar o fenômeno enquanto um instituto jurídico autônomo. / This work consists in a legal institutional approach to the social practice of occupying public properties, by using both the parameters of the relevant legislation and the content of the specific literature, in a exercise of collecting juridical features common to the socially recognized occupations forms, aiming for conceptual generalization. It is, then, the compilation of the recurring elements for identification and conceptualization of the occupying social phenomenon, understood as a autonomous legal institute of administrative law. Firstly, in order to identidy the social practice, it was proposed to bring to the debate brief journalistic reports, which will be the starting point for reading the phenomenon under the imperative parameter of the social function of public property and the brazilian republican democratic regime. Following the analysis of the related legal content, analyzed according to the specialty of the administrative law regime. Finally, from the identified characteristics, inductively from the doctrine and the legislation, it was intended to conceptualize the phenomenon as an autonomous legal institute.

This research investigates effects of tensile stresses in liquids. Areas of application include bearing lubrication and polymer processing, in which liquids may be subjected to hydrostatic tension or large shear stresses. A primary thrust of this research is the development of a criterion for liquid failure, or cavitation, based upon the general state of stress in the liquid. A variable pressure, rotating inner cylinder, Couette viscometer has been designed and used to test a hypothesized cavitation criterion. The criterion, that cavitation will occur when a principal normal stress in a liquid becomes more tensile than some critical stress, is supported by the results of experiments with the viscometer for a Newtonian liquid. Based upon experimental observation of cavitation, a model for cavitation inception from crevice stabilized gas nuclei, and gaseous, as opposed to vaporous, cavitation is hypothesized. The cavitation inception model is investigated through numerical simulation, primarily using the boundary element method. Only Newtonian liquids are modeled, and, for simulation purposes, the model is reduced to two dimensions and the limit of negligible inertia is considered. The model includes contact line dynamics. Mass transport of dissolved gas through the liquid and in or out of the gas nucleus is considered. The numerical simulations provide important information about the probable nature of cavitation nucleation sites as well as conditions for cavitation inception. The cavitation criterion predicts cavitation in simple shear, which has implications for rheological measurements. It can cause apparent shear thinning and thixotropy. Additionally, there is evidence suggesting a possible link between shear cavitation and extrusion defects such as sharkskin. A variable pressure capillary tube viscometer was designed and constructed to investigate a hypothesized relationship between shear cavitation and extrusion defects. Results indicate that despite the occasional coincidence of occurrence of cavitation and sharkskin defects, cavitation cannot explain the onset of extrusion defects. If nuclei are removed, then liquids can withstand a negative hydrostatic pressure. A falling body viscometer has been constructed and used to investigate the effect of negative pressures on viscosity. It is found that current pressure viscosity models can be accurately extrapolated to experimentally achievable negative pressures.

This paper is intended to present wavelet Galerkin schemes for the boundary element method. Wavelet Galerkin schemes employ appropriate wavelet bases for the discretization of boundary integral operators. This yields quasisparse system matrices which can be compressed to O(N_J) relevant matrix entries without compromising the accuracy of the underlying Galerkin scheme. Herein, O(N_J) denotes the number of unknowns. The assembly of the compressed system matrix can be performed in O(N_J) operations. Therefore, we arrive at an algorithm which solves boundary integral equations within optimal complexity. By numerical experiments we provide results which corroborate the theory.

SUMMARY Bakšytė E. Investigation of strength and rigidity of asymmetric multilayered elements: Master thesis of mechanical engineer / research advisor prof. J. Bareišis; Šiauliai University, Technological Faculty, Mechanical Engineering Department. – Šiauliai, 2004. – 69 p. This theme of master’s work in mechanical engineering is urgent: along with appearing new composition substances and growing demands towards strength, rigidity, stability, mass and piece of the constructions, more and more often the multilayered construction elements are used, enabling obtaining of the necessary constructional features in the desirable direction, evaluating total load, working environment and other important requirements. Though the projecting questions of multilayered construction elements were analysed, no asymmetric constructions, made of three substances, were analysed. In this work I analyse strength and rigidity of asymmetric multilayered elements, made of the following composition substances: carbon plastic, hot setting glass plastic and apoxy resin. In order to perform analytic calculations, I selected the construction element with height h = 120 mm, width b = 50 mm, length l = 1000 mm, affected with 10 kN force. In the work I present dependence or neutral axle position factor, rigidity and tension upon the relative layer thickness rates, material allocation in the construction element cross - section as well as number of the layers. Change regularities and their... [to full text]

A small wind turbine blade was designed, fabricated and tested in this study. The power performance of small horizontal axis wind turbines was simulated in detail using modified blade element momentum methods (BEM). Various factors such as tip loss, drag coefficient, and wake were considered. The simulation was validated by experimental data collected from a small wind turbine Bergey XL 1.0. A new blade was designed for the Bergey XL 1.0 after comparing three types of aerodynamic blade structures and their related performance, and then the detailed blade structure was determined. The performance of the new rotor at different additional pitch angles was simulated and compared with the original Bergey XL 1.0 rotor. To fabricate prototypes of the new blades, a resin transfer moulding (RTM) system was designed and built. Three blades were fabricated successfully and installed on the hub of an existing Bergey XL 1.0. In a vehicle-based test system, the new blades were tested at the original designed pitch angle, plus at additional 5° and 9° pitch angles. The +5° rotor reached maximum power of 1889 W at wind velocity 13.6 m/s. The +9° rotor performed over a wider wind velocity range and output slightly lower power than the original Bergey XL 1.0. The new blades have better aerodynamic performance than original Bergey XL 1.0. / Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (OMAFRA) New Directions Research Program and the National Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) Chair in Environmental Design Engineering at the University of Guelph

Slėginiams indams ir įrangai keliami griežti stiprumo ir patikimumo reikalavimai, kurie reglamentuojami tarptautinių ir vietinių standartų. Keičiant slėginio indo eksploatavimo sąlygas ir parametrus, būtina atlikti jo stiprumo įvertinimą. Tiriama talpykla, kurioje numatyta laikyti emulsinį kurą, esant atitinkamo dydžio vidiniam slėgiui. Tyrimas atliekamas naudojant baigtinių elementų metodo programinį paketą SolidWorks Simulation, kuris leidžia modeliuoti talpyklą kevaliniais elementais ir įvertinti skirtingų apkrovimo būdų įtaką bendram konstrukcijos įtempių būviui. Tyrimas parodė, kad pavojingiausiose vietose įtempiai neviršija reglamentuojamų leidžiamų įtempių reikšmių ir talpykla yra tinkama, esant naujoms eksploatavimo sąlygoms. / The requirements of strength and reliability for pressure vessel and equipment are defined by international and local standarts and codes. In case of change of working condition and parameters, it is necessary to define the strength of the structure. The vessel under consideration is projected to contain emulsified fuel under internal pressure. The finite element software package SolidWorks Simulation is used for research. It allows to model the pressure vessel by shell elements. The combined classes of stress due to a combination of loads are deffined. The research shows that the stress intensity in the ares of maximum identified stresses does not exceed the allowable stress and the pressure vessel is proper for operation.

Mestre -- Escola Nacional de Saude Publica, Rio de Janeiro, 2000.

Submitted by Automa??o e Estat?stica (sst@bczm.ufrn.br) on 2016-10-11T22:03:58Z No. of bitstreams: 1 VivianeDaSilvaMedeiros_TESE.pdf: 1371501 bytes, checksum: a315d90a24e3c18fd1b8fb7298920bca (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Arlan Eloi Leite Silva (eloihistoriador@yahoo.com.br) on 2016-10-17T21:48:53Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 VivianeDaSilvaMedeiros_TESE.pdf: 1371501 bytes, checksum: a315d90a24e3c18fd1b8fb7298920bca (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-17T21:48:53Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 VivianeDaSilvaMedeiros_TESE.pdf: 1371501 bytes, checksum: a315d90a24e3c18fd1b8fb7298920bca (MD5) Previous issue date: 2015-11-13 / A carcinicultura mundial sofre grandes perdas econ?micas por enfermidades virais e bacterianas, sendo importante que sejam incentivados estudos e a??es que minimizem os danos provocados por estas doen?as em todas as ?reas, desde os econ?micos, sa?de animal e humana at? ambientais. Diante destes fatos, foram avaliados: a) o efeito da presen?a de areia como substrato sobre o comportamento de camar?es juvenis Litopenaeus vannamei em laborat?rio (manuscrito I); b) as atividades comportamentais de camar?es juvenis L. vannamei infectados por Vibrio parahaemolyticus (ATCC 17802) e submetidos a tratamentos veterin?rios em laborat?rio (manuscrito II); c) identifica??o dos agentes envolvidos em enfermidades com altas mortalidades em fazendas de carcinicultura (manuscrito III). O estudo foi realizado em tr?s etapas. Na primeira etapa (manuscrito I), os animais foram submetidos a tratamentos com aus?ncia ou presen?a de areia como substrato, divididos em dois grupos, cujos animais foram colocados em 30 aqu?rios de material pl?stico com capacidade para quatro litros, 15 deles com areia como substrato e 15 sem areia. Foram avaliados os comportamentos de enterramento somente para o grupo com areia e inatividade, nata??o, ingest?o de alimento, limpeza e rastejamento; sobreviv?ncia e ganho de peso para ambos os grupos. Na segunda etapa (manuscrito II), os animais foram divididos em cinco grupos: 1) Controle 1, 2) Controle 2 -animais infectados e sem tratamento veterin?rio; 3) Animais infectados, tratados com medicamento isop?tico ISO; 4) Animais infectados, tratados com medicamento antibi?tico (florfenicol) ANTIB; 5) Animais infectados, tratados com medicamentos isop?tico e antibi?tico (florfenicol) simultaneamente ISO+ANTIB. Foram ent?o analisados os comportamentos desses animais, a sobreviv?ncia e o ganho de peso. Na terceira etapa (manuscrito III), foi visitada uma fazenda de carcinicultura com altos ?ndices de mortalidade na cidade de Obreg?n, em Sonora, no M?xico. Foram coletados 30 animais dessa fazenda, os quais foram levados para an?lises presuntivas (an?lise a fresco e bacteriologia) e confirmat?rias (bioqu?mica e qPCR) para identifica??o de agentes patog?nicos virais e/ou bacterianos. Os resultados obtidos no manuscrito 1 mostram que n?o houve diferen?a significativa entre os comportamentos observados, tamb?m n?o houve diferen?a entre crescimento e ganho de peso, indicando que a aus?ncia de areia n?o interferiu na express?o de comportamento dos animais. Isto possibilita que os experimentos seguintes n?o usem areia como substrato. No manuscrito 2, os camar?es infectados e tratados com isopatia e antibi?tico simultaneamente apresentaram desempenho comportamental semelhante ao grupo controle 1, indicando que apresentam comportamento compat?vel com animais saud?veis. No Manuscrito 3, ficou evidente que a alta mortalidade identificada em viveiros com camar?es juvenis, al?m da cepa pat?gena causadora da AHPND, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, outras esp?cies de bact?rias dos g?neros Vibrio e Aeromonas estavam associadas. / World shrimp culture suffers large economic losses for viral and bacterial diseases, so it is important that studies and actions be encouraged to minimise the damage caused by these diseases in all areas - economy, animal and human health and environment. The present study evaluated the effect of a) presence of the substrate on the behaviour of juvenile shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei in the laboratory (manuscript I); b) behavioral activities of juvenile shrimp L. vannamei infected by Vibrio parahaemolyticus (ATCC 17802) and subjected to veterinary treatments in laboratory (manuscript II); c) identified the pathogenic agents associated to diseases with high mortality in shrimp culture farms (manuscript III). The study was conducted in three stages. In the first stage (manuscript I), the animals were subjected to two treatments, the absence or presence of sand as substrate, and were divided into two groups, placed in 30 plastic aquariums with capacity for four liters, half of them with sand on the bottom as substrate and the other half without sand. Burying behavior was evaluated only for the group whose aquariums had sand as substrate; inactivity, swimming, food intake, cleaning and crawling, survival and weight gain were measured in both groups. In the second stage (manuscript II), the animals were divided into five groups: 1) control, 2) infected animals with no veterinary treatment; 3) infected animals treated with isopathic medicine; 4) infected animals treated with antibiotics (florfenicol); 5) infected animals treated with isopathic medicine plus antibiotics (florfenicol). Then, the behaviors and survival and weight gain of the animals were analysed. In the third stage, we visited a shrimp farm with high rates of mortality in Obreg?n city, Sonora, Mexico. Thirty animals collected in the ponds were taken to presumptive (fresh smear analysis and bacteriology) and confirmatory (Biochemistry and qPCR) analyses for identification of viral and/or bacterial pathogens. The results in Manuscript 1 showed that for juvenile prawns maintained in aquariums with or without sand as substrate for up to three weeks, behavior, survival and weight gain were not significantly different, which demonstrates that lack of sand on the substrate did not modify behavioral responses of the animals. So, in the next stage, sand was not used as substrate anymore. In Manuscript 2, the infected prawns that were treated with isopathy plus antibiotics showed behavioral performance similar to the control group, indicating that their behavior is compatible with healthy individuals. And in Manuscript 3, concerning the high mortality of juvenile prawns in the ponds, besides the pathogenous that causes AHPND, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, other species of bacteria of the genus Vibrio and Aeromonas were associated to the pathology of the prawns.

Bed connected support structures such as monopiles are expected to be impractical for water depths greater than 30 m and so there is increasing interest in alternative structure concepts to enable cost-effective deployment of wind and tidal stream turbines. Floating, moored platforms supporting multiple rotors are being considered for this purpose. This thesis investigates the dynamic response of such floating structures, taking into account the coupling between loading due to both turbulent flow and waves and the dynamic response of the system. The performance and loading of a single rotor in steady and quasi-steady flows are quantified with a Blade Element Momentum Theory (BEMT) code. This model is validated for steady flow against published data for two 0.8 m diameter rotors (Bahaj, Batten, et al., 2007; Galloway et al., 2011) and a 0.27 m diameter rotor (Whelan and Stallard, 2011). Time-averaged coefficients of thrust and power measured by experiment in steady turbulent flow were in agreement with BEMT predictions over a range of angular speeds. The standard deviation of force on the rotor is comparable to that on a porous grid for comparable turbulence characteristics. Drag and added mass coefficients are determined for a porous disc forced to oscillate normal to the rotor plane in quiescent flow and in the streamwise axis in turbulent flow. Added mass is negligible for the Keulegan Carpenter number range considered ( less than 1). The drag coefficient in turbulent flow was found to decay exponentially with number, to 2±10% for values greater than 0.5. These coefficients were found to be in good agreement with those for a rotor in the same turbulent flow with disc drag coefficient within 12.5% for less than 0.65. An extreme-value analysis is applied to the measured time-varying thrust due to turbulent flow and turbulent flow with waves to obtain forces with 1%, 0.1% and 0.01% probability of exceedance during operating conditions. The 1% exceedance force in turbulent flow with turbulence intensity of 12% is around 40% greater than the mean thrust. The peak force in turbulent flow with opposing waves was predicted to within 6% by superposition of the extreme force due to turbulence only with a drag force based on the relative wave-induced velocity at hub-height estimated by linear wave theory and with drag coefficient of 2.0. Response of a floating structure in surge and pitch is studied due to both wave- forcing on the platform defined by the linear diffraction code WAMIT and due to loading of the operating turbine defined by a thrust coefficient and drag coefficient. Platform response can either increase or decrease the loading on the rotor and this was dependant on the hydrodynamic characteristics of the support platform. A reduction of the force on the rotor is attained when the phase difference between the wave force on the support and the surface elevation is close to ± and when the damping of the support is increased. For a typical support and for a wave condition with phase difference close to , the 1% rotor forces were reduced by 8% when compared to the force obtained with a rotor supported on a stiff tower.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar a relação entre o bem-estar pessoal e o uso de estratégias de coping religioso entre crianças. A investigação teve como base dois estudos realizados a partir de uma única coleta de dados. O primeiro estudo refere-se à tradução, adaptação e validação da escala Children´s Religious Coping (CRC) e foi dividido em duas fases: (1) tradução, adaptação e teste piloto (N = 74) e (2) Aplicação e Validação da Escala CRC. Participaram da pesquisa 1612 crianças entre 08 e 13 anos (M = 10,2; DP = 1,47), sendo 54,7% meninas, matriculadas em escolas públicas (54,6%) e particulares (45,4%) do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Foram realizadas Análises Fatoriais Exploratórias e Confirmatórias para verificar a estrutura fatorial da escala, além de análise da consistência interna. Os resultados indicaram uma composição da CRC com duas dimensões: Coping Religioso Positivo (CRP), formada por 19 itens em três fatores, e Coping Religioso Negativo (CRN), formada por 12 itens em três fatores. Os índices de consistência interna apresentaram bons níveis tanto para a escala geral ( = 0,90), como para as duas dimensões ( = 0,92 para CRP; e = 0,81 para CRN). Pode-se afirmar que a escala apresentou bons indicadores de funcionamento para essa amostra, mostrando-se um instrumento promissor para futuras pesquisas. O segundo estudo teve como objetivo principal avaliar a relação entre o bem-estar pessoal e o uso de estratégias de coping religioso pelas crianças. Foram utilizados como instrumentos a escala CRC adaptada e o Índice de Bem-estar Pessoal para Crianças (PWISC). Através de análises descritivas foram avaliados o índice de bem-estar pessoal e a satisfação com diferentes domínios da vida. Também foram descritas a frequência do uso de estratégias de coping religioso, e as situações de estresse relatadas pelas crianças. ANOVAs indicaram que o índice de bem-estar é maior entre meninos, bem como entre as crianças menores. Em relação ao uso de estratégias de coping, foram encontradas diferenças significativas por idade no uso das estratégias de CRP, indicando que à medida que a idade aumenta, diminui o uso dessas estratégias. As análises de regressão múltipla identificaram a dimensão CRP, especificamente as estratégias relacionadas à crença no apoio e proteção de Deus, como preditor de maior bem-estar, e a dimensão CRN, especificamente as estratégias relacionadas à reavaliação do estressor como uma punição, como preditor de menor bemestar. Conclui-se que as crianças fazem uso de diferentes estratégias de coping religioso ao lidarem com situações de estresse e que esse engajamento parece estar relacionado ao seu bem-estar pessoal. / The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the personal well-being and the use of religious coping strategies of children. The investigation was based upon two studies made from a single data collection. The first study concerns the translation, adaptation and validation of the Children’s Religious Coping Scale (CRC) and it was divided in two phases: (1) Translation, Adaptation and Pilot Test (N = 74) and (2) Application and Validation of the CRC Scale. A number of 1612 children between 08 and 13 years old (M = 10.2, SD = 1.47), of which 54.7% girls, enrolled in public (54.6%) and private (45.4%) schools of the State of Rio Grande do Sul participated in the research. Exploratory and Confirmatory Factorial Analyses were performed to verify the scale’s factor structure, besides the analysis of the internal consistency. Results indicated the CRC was composed by two dimensions: Positive Religious Coping (PRC), with 19 items in three factors, and Negative Religious Coping (NRC), consisting of 12 items in three factors. The internal consistency indices showed good levels both for the overall scale ( = .90), as well as for the two dimensions ( = .92 for PRC; and = .81 for NRC). It can be stated that the scale showed good indicators of functioning for this sample, demonstrating that it can be a promising instrument for future research. The second study aimed mainly at evaluating the relationship between personal well-being and the use of religious coping strategies by children. The instruments used were the adapted CRC scale and the Personal Wellbeing Index - School Children (PWI-SC). Personal well-being and satisfaction with different life domains were evaluated through descriptive analyzes. The frequency of the use of religious coping strategies and stressful situations reported by children were also described. ANOVAs indicated that the well-being index is higher among boys and between younger children. Regarding the use of coping strategies, significant age differences were found in the use of the PRC strategies, indicating that as age increases, the use of these strategies decreases. The multiple regression analysis identified the PRC dimension, more specifically the strategies related to the belief in the support and protection of God, as a predictor of greater well-being, and the NRC dimension, more specifically the strategies related to the revaluation of the stressor as a punishment, as a predictor of lower well-being. Our conclusion is that children make use of different religious coping strategies to deal with stressful situations and that this engagement seems to be related to their personal well-being.