Thesis advisor: Geoffrey Sanzenbacher / Oddly, as acceptance of LGBT+ individuals continues to rise in the United States, the number of reported anti-LGBT+ hate crimes also rises (McCarthy 2022, Author’s calculations from Uniform Crime Reporting data). Could this be the result of a violent backlash against the legalization of same-sex marriage? This paper investigates this love-hate relationship using data from the Bureau of Justice Statistics’s Uniform Crime Reporting system. Utilizing a collection of difference-in- differences regressions, this analysis compares the number of reported anti-LGBT+ hate crimes in a state before and after that state’s legalization of same sex marriage. The results suggest that states have a higher number of reported hate crimes per month after their legalization of same-sex marriage when controlling for population. A placebo regression shows that this effect is not found with other kinds of hate crimes. Two potential explanations for this finding are explored: firstly, that reporting of anti-LGBT+ hate crimes in a state becomes more reliable after that state’s legalization of same-sex marriage or, alternatively, that the number of hate crimes committed against LGBT+ individuals rises. / Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2023. / Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences. / Discipline: Departmental Honors. / Discipline: Economics.

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No / This volume contributes to the growing literature on women, conflict and peacebuilding by focusing on the moments after a peace accord, or some other official ending of a conflict, often denoted as `post-conflict¿ or `post-war¿. Such moments often herald great hope for holding to account those who committed grave wrongs during the conflict, and for a better life in the future. For many women, both of these hopes are often very quickly shattered in starkly different ways to the hopes of men. Such periods are often characterized by violence and insecurities, and the official ending of a war often fails to bring freedom from sexual violence for many women. Within such a context, efforts on the part of women, and those made on their behalf, to hold to account those who commit crimes against them, and to access their rights are difficult to make, are often dangerous, and are also often deployed with little effect. Gendered Peace explores international contexts, and a variety of local ones, in which such struggles take place, and evaluates their progress. The volume highlights the surprising success in the development of international legal advances for women, but contrasts this with the actual experience of women in cases from Sierra Leone, Rwanda, South Africa, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, East Timor, Peru, Central America and the Balkans.'

Το κεφάλαιο 1 αποτελεί εισαγωγή του αναγνώστη σε θέματα που αφορούν τα ηλεκτρικά κινητήρια συστήματα. Αρχικά πραγματοποιείται μια σύντομη ιστορική αναδρομή και περιγραφή της εξέλιξης αυτών, ενώ στη συνέχεια παρουσιάζονται οι θεματικές ενότητες που αποτελούν τη συμβολή της παρούσας διατριβής όπως ο έλεγχος των κινητήριων συστημάτων και η διάγνωση σφαλμάτων σε αυτά. Τέλος, υπογραμμίζονται οι στόχοι που ορίστηκαν και εκπληρώνονται στο πλαίσιο της εργασίας αυτής. Στο κεφάλαιο 2 γίνεται μια γενική περιγραφή των σταδίων παραγωγής τσιμέντου, παρουσιάζεται η χαρακτηριστική ροπής-στροφών του κλιβάνου με βάση τη διαθέσιμη βιβλιογραφία, αναλύονται λεπτομερώς οι τοπολογίες συστημάτων μετάδοσης που εγκαθίστανται σε κλιβάνους μικρής και μεγάλης παραγωγικής δύναμης, αναδεικνύονται οι προδιαγραφές που υφίστανται κατά την επιλογή των ηλεκτρικών κινητήριων μηχανών και τέλος τονίζονται οι απαιτήσεις του ελέγχου των κινητήριων μηχανών, έτσι όπως τίθενται από τη βιομηχανία τσιμέντου. Στο κεφάλαιο 3 περιγράφεται το μαθηματικό μοντέλο που αναπτύχθηκε και χρησιμοποιήθηκε για την προσομοίωση της λειτουργίας του συστήματος και το οποίο απαρτίζεται από τα επιμέρους μοντέλα του κλιβάνου, του συστήματος μετάδοσης της κίνησης, των τριφασικών ασύγχρονων μηχανών, των ηλεκτρονικών μετατροπέων ισχύος καθώς και του ελέγχου των κινητήριων μηχανών. Στο κεφάλαιο 4 περιγράφονται τα υποσυστήματα του υπό κλίμακα συστήματος με σκοπό την εξομοίωση, που κατασκευάστηκε στο εργαστήριο με στόχο την επαλήθευση των αποτελεσμάτων της προσομοίωσης στον ηλεκτρονικό υπολογιστή. Στο κεφάλαιο 5 γίνεται λεπτομερής αναφορά στις υφιστάμενες τεχνικές ελέγχου των τριφασικών ασύγχρονων μηχανών και στις εφαρμογές αυτών σε μονά και διπλά κινητήρια συστήματα. Στη συνέχεια πραγματοποιείται σύγκριση δύο εκ των επικρατέστερων μεθόδων ελέγχου διπλών κινητήριων συστημάτων και παρουσιάζονται ενδεχόμενες δυσλειτουργίες αυτών λαμβάνοντας υπόψη τα αποτελέσματα που προέκυψαν από την προσομοίωση του συστήματος και τα οποία πιστοποιούνται μέσω της πειραματικής διαδικασίας αλλά και της διαθέσιμης βιβλιογραφίας. Στη συνέχεια προτείνεται ένας καινοτόμος υβριδικός έλεγχος που, όπως αποδεικνύεται μέσω προσομοίωσης αλλά και πειραματικών αποτελεσμάτων, αντιμετωπίζει αποτελεσματικά τις προαναφερθείσες δυσλειτουργίες οδηγώντας σε ομαλή λειτουργία του συστήματος. Στο κεφάλαιο 6 προτείνεται, αντί των υφιστάμενων μεθόδων που περιλαμβάνουν την εγκατάσταση επιταχυνσιομέτρων, τη χρήση ακουστικών σημάτων και άλλων παρόμοιων μεθόδων, η χρήση της ηλεκτρικής κινητήριας μηχανής (τριφασικής ασύγχρονης μηχανής στην προκειμένη περίπτωση) ως αισθητήριο μέσο για τη διάγνωση μηχανολογικών σφαλμάτων στις οδοντώσεις γραναζιών. Συγκεκριμένα, εξετάζεται η επίδραση των εν λόγω σφαλμάτων στο φάσμα συχνοτήτων του φασικού ρεύματος και της ηλεκτρομαγνητικής ροπής της τριφασικής ασύγχρονης μηχανής, αποδεικνύεται η δυνατότητα διάγνωσης του σφάλματος ανιχνεύοντας την ύπαρξη πολλαπλών αρμονικών στο φάσμα τόσο του φασικού ρεύματος όσο και της ηλεκτρομαγνητικής ροπής. Στο κεφάλαιο 7 γίνεται μια εκτίμηση σε ό,τι αφορά τη συμβολή της διδακτορικής διατριβής, το κεφάλαιο 8 περιλαμβάνει μία ανά κεφάλαιο περίληψη της παρούσας διατριβής ενώ το κεφάλαιο 9 περιέχει τη διαθέσιμη βιβλιογραφία που χρησιμοποιήθηκε στην παρούσα εργασία κατά τη σειρά αναφοράς της στο κείμενο. / This thesis deals with the modeling, the control and the diagnosis of mechanical faults in a dual ac drive with common mechanical load. Chapter 1 constitutes an introduction of the reader to the electrical drive systems. Initially, a short historical retrospection of these systems is realized, while afterwards the thematic units that constitute the contributions of the present thesis, which can be summarized as the control of a dual cement kiln drive and the diagnosis of mechanical gear faults using the ac motor as a sensor, are presented. In chapter 2 the specifications and the operational characteristics of the kiln drive system are presented based on the industrial requirements and the existing references. Particularly the torque – speed characteristic load curve of the kiln, the advantages of upgrading the dc drives with ac ones, the parameters which determine the decision of installing a single or a dual transmission system and the need of uninterrupted operation of the kiln drive are underlined. In addition the step by step development of a simulating model of the under study system in the Matlab/Simulink environment is presented in chapter 3. Particularly the equations of motion for the kiln and the transmission system, the dynamic model equations of the asynchronous motor, the power electronics converters and the control strategy based on the Direct Torque Control have been incorporated in the Matlab/Simulink environment through which a theoretical investigation is realized. Moreover, the design and the development of an under scale laboratory simulating system of the kiln drive has been realized and the characteristics of the design specifications of the laboratory system are presented in chapter 4. Using the theoretical model developed in the Matlab/Simulink environment and the laboratory simulating system, a comparison of the existing control methods used for the electric drive systems (speed control and torque control) is being presented (chapter 5), focusing at specific malfunctions which can be caused by the application of these controls at a dual cement kiln drive. Taking into account these malfunctions, a novel hybrid control method is being presented whose operation is based on the application of a parallel-hybrid speed and torque control, simultaneously at both electric motors. In this way an equal load distribution can be achieved, obviating at the same the appearance of mechanical malfunctions. In chapter 6, the fault diagnosis of electromechanical drives is referenced, focusing on the identification of mechanical faults appeared in the pinion/girth gear coupling using the ac motor as a sensor. The proposed diagnostic method is based on the detection of multiples of the defective frequency at both phase current and electromagnetic torque frequency spectrum. The effectiveness of the proposed method is verified using experimental results from the laboratory simulating system, operating as a single drive. Finally, chapter 7, 8 and 9 include an estimation of the thesis contribution, a summary and the reference part respectively.

According to Ronald Ingleharts research deindustrialized and affluent societies are expected to have increasingly open, progressive, and tolerant citizens. However, during the last decade political developments have been reversed. More than 25% of Europeans now adays vote for a right-wing populist party. In addition, the globalization has created winning and losing regions, with one of its biggest impacts being deindustrialization of the West. Big cities have flourished while disfavored suburbs, smaller industrial towns and rural communities have been marginalized. Consequently, the support for right-wing populist movements is often highest in such negatively affected areas. Inglehart have previously explained this through the idea of a “conservative backlash” caused by a combination of increasing inequality and culturally revolting age-cohorts. His arguments are mainly based on cross-national or intranational data while other research pointing at the necessity to analyze the association between regional deindustrialization and the rise of the far right. This thesis filles that gap by conducting a multi- level analysis, in which Ingleharts theory is tested by studying associations between values and changing levels of industrialization in 327 European regions. The result confirms earlier research regarding the association between industrialization and authoritarian-libertarian values, but puts in to question Ingleharts explanation of inequality as the reason for the contemporary conservative backlashes. The result shows no support for a relationship between inequality and authoritarian-liberal values.

Esta dissertação, de abordagem qualitativa, e situada no campo dos Estudos Culturais em Educação, analisou nas falas dos apresentadores de um artefato cultural da televisão, o programa The Love School, os temas mais discutidos por eles. Como primeira técnica da metodologia utilizada, esse recurso gerou a fonte de material empírico registrado no que nominei de caderno de transcrições. Para realizar esta investigação selecionei 24 (vinte e quatro) edições do programa entre o período de novembro de 2014 a abril de 2015. O casamento é o principal tema que orienta a pauta deste programa e faz uma aliança direta com os princípios que fundamentam a Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus. Quanto ao programa The Love School foi possível entender que a Universal desenvolveu uma nova forma de falar de religião fazendo uso de outras linguagens como a linguagem própria da televisão, pois esse novo produto da grade de programação da Record TV, pode ter dado início a uma nova sequencia de programas televangelizadores, que, nas versões mais tradicionais e mais religiosas, parecem monótonos e desinteressantes pelo uso da linguagem comum aos púlpitos das catedrais e pelos horários de exibição cansativos das madrugadas. A categoria da pedagogia cultural, como um conceito caro para o campo da educação, nesse artefato cultural, pode ser percebida com uma outra dinâmica que não apenas a de ensinar modos de ser e de viver, pois demostrou que, conjuntamente a isso, pode também apontar o contraexemplo de outras pedagogias culturais em outros artefatos culturais, dessa vez os do entretenimento comercial. Compreendi essa atuação do conceito nesse objeto pela introdução da cultura religiosa com origem na Igreja criticando a cultura profana de outros produtos da mídia. Essa mesma discursividade molda um modelo de casal que prioriza o casamento acima de qualquer problema, devendo superar o menor dos desafios para impedir uma separação, e que se inspira no homem e na mulher presentes no texto bíblico, no Antigo Testamento, inspiração que é vista no contexto da análise aqui empregada como um retrocesso para a vida real das mulheres. A ideia de retrocesso ou de backlash (Faludi, 2001) parece ser um elemento que adere facilmente à cultura religiosa da Universal, aliando-se à pedagogia cultural ensinada pelo The Love School. O backlash tem como característica operar como uma política cultural em forma de ciclos. Ciclicamente, a cultura parece nos fazer viver muitos momentos de intenso retrocesso (backlash), tanto por meio de determinados produtos da mídia quanto pelas reações de determinados grupos políticos nos impondo seus interesses. Consequentemente, pelas análises que aqui empreendi e por essas características assumidas pela IURD, penso que vivemos no Brasil contemporâneo um ciclo religioso de backlash (retrocesso) para as coisas da vida e para as relações amorosas, para dizer o mínimo. / This qualitative approach master‘s dissertation on Educational Cultural Studies has analyzed the lines of the presenters of a cultural artifact of television, The Love School show, and the subjects most discussed by them. As the first technique of the methodology used, this resource generated the source of empirical material registered in what I named ―The Transcription Notebook‖. For the research, I have selected 24 (twenty four) editions of the show from November, 2014 to April, 2015. Marriage is the central theme of the show‘s agenda which is directly related to the principles underlying the Universal Church of the Kingdom of God. Through The love school show it was possible to realize that the Universal Church has developed a new way of talking about religion, by making use of other languages, such as the proper language of television, since this new product offered by the Record TV channel may have initiated a sequence of new evangelizing shows, which tend to be monotonous and uninteresting in their most traditional and religious versions due to the use of a language common to the cathedrals‘ pulpits as well as the tiresome show times. Such cultural artifact allow us to understand the concept of cultural pedagogy category, dear to the field of education, as a different dynamic that does not only teach ways of being and living, but also show the counterexample of other cultural pedagogies in another cultural artifacts, such as the commercial entertainment. I have understood this concept in such object through the introduction of the religious culture originating in the Church that criticizes the unholy culture of media products. This same discourse frames a standard of couple who prioritize marriage above any problem so as to overcome challenges to prevent a separation, and who is inspired by the men and women described in the biblical text, the Old Testament. Such inspiration has been considered here as a backlash to the real life of women. The idea of a backlash (Faludi, 2001) seems to be an element that easily adheres to the religious culture of Universal Church, allied to the cultural pedagogy taught by The Love School; it characteristically operates as a cyclic cultural policy. And, cyclically, the culture seems to make us live several moments of intense regression both through certain media products and through the reactions of certain political groups imposing their interests. Hence, I believe the contemporary Brazil is living a religious cycle of backlash regarding life and love relationship issues to say the least.

In this thesis, I consider the trend of increasing backlash against civil society around the world. I focus on Ecuador and Peru, both democratic countries that have placed restrictions on NGOs receiving foreign funding. I examine both countries in terms of changes over time in the regulatory environment for NGOs. I ask: What factors motivated these changes? I analyze the countries with respect to three possible explanations: defending sovereignty against foreign powers, stifling internal dissent, and seeking rents. In answering this question, I draw upon the laws in question, press releases, and news reports as well as interviews with NGO personnel and government regulators, among other sources. I conclude that while there is evidence for the stifling dissent explanation in both countries, there is no evidence for the defending sovereignty explanation in Peru and only circumstantial evidence for it in Ecuador. In Ecuador, there is contradictory evidence for the rent-seeking explanation while there is clearer evidence for it in Peru.

This paper analyses three of the dominating discourses Anders Behring Breivik used in his compendium, the official title of which is 2083 – A European Declaration of Independence, also known as Breivik's Manifesto. It is believed Breivik posted his Manifesto on the Internet shortly before the attacks in Norway in July, 2011. The number 2083 stands for the year when the "Western European Civil War" was expected to be completed, all traitors executed, and all Muslims deported from Europe. This article will discuss dominating discourses in the Manifesto, seen from a background of a European multicultural backlash, in which the political far-right movement is increasing. Furthermore, this article will end with a discussion of education and the importance of analysis of such phenomena within different subjects.

This dissertation is composed of two essays that examine the role of public and private health insurance on healthcare access, use, and cost containment. In Chapter 1, Dugan, Virani, and Ho examine the impact of Medicare eligibility on healthcare utilization and access. Although Medicare eligibility has been shown to generally increase health care utilization, few studies have examined these relationships among the chronically ill. We use a regression-discontinuity framework to compare physician utilization and financial access to care among people before and after the Medicare eligibility threshold at age 65. Specifically, we focus on coronary heart disease and stroke (CHDS) patients. We find that Medicare eligibility improves health care access and physician utilization for many adults with CHDS, but it may not promote appropriate levels of physician use among blacks with CHDS. My second chapter examines the extent to which the managed care backlash affected managed care's ability to contain hospital costs among short-term, non-federal hospitals between 1998 and 2008. My analysis focuses on health maintenance organizations (HMOs), the most aggressive managed care model. Unlike previous studies that use cross-sectional or fixed effects estimators to address the endogeneity of HMO penetration with respect to hospital costs, this study uses a fixed effects instrumental variable approach. The results suggest two conclusions. First, I find the impact of increased HMO penetration on costs declined over the study period, suggesting regulation adversely impacted managed care's ability to contain hospital costs. Second, when costs are decomposed into unit costs by hospital service, I find the impact of increased HMO penetration on inpatient costs reversed over the study period, but HMOs were still effective at containing outpatient costs.

Este trabalho se propõe a analisar a intersecção entre o feminismo e o mundo virtual, a partir da análise qualitativa de um coletivo feminista que abrange uma lista de discussão online e um blog coletivo, denominado Blogueiras Feministas. Partindo do pressuposto de que a internet abre caminhos e novas possibilidades de sociabilidade, pretendendo avaliar o quanto esse aspecto foi aproveitado por este coletivo virtual a partir de suas discussões e produções textuais. Indo de encontro ao ideário propagado no senso comum e em alguns setores de que o feminismo já seria um movimento morto ou relegado ao próprio fracasso, inicia-se a análise a partir de referenciais teóricos feministas que foram encontrados em campo, em especial Susan Faludi e sua conceituação de backlash, abordando a forma como a internet propicia novas formas de enfrentamento a esse retrocesso percebido. Passando, então, para a perspectiva do Sofrimento Social, por meio da Antropologia da Experiência, pretende-se investigar como tal auto atribuição identitária e mobilização política se intercruzam nos meios online e offline, deixando entrever como a violência estrutural de gênero ainda permeia o compartilhamento de experiências; e como de determinada perspectiva inclusiva passa-se à formativa, de novos conhecimentos e formas de reivindicação. Finalizando, com a abordagem de novas pautas que emergem e são assimiladas por esse movimento cuja preocupação com a inclusão se mostra basilar. / This paper aims at analyzing the intersection between the feminist world and the virtual world, through a qualitative analysis of a feminist group that comprises an online discussion list, and a collective blog, called “Blogueiras Feministas”. Starting from the assumption that the internet opens paths and new sociability possibilities, intending to evaluate how much this virtual group took advantage of this aspect through its discussions and text productions. Going against the idea, spread by common sense and by some sectors of society, that feminism is already either dead or relegated to its own failure, the analysis starts from some feminist theoretical references that were found in field, specially Susan Faludi and her conceptualization of backlash, addressing the manner in which the internet allows new forms of facing this perceived throwback. Thereafter, the perspective of the Social Suffering is treated. Through the Antropology of the Experience it is investigated how such identity auto attribution and political mobilization meet in both online and offline environments, allowing a glimpse of how the structural gender violence still permeates the sharing of experiences; and how a certain inclusive perspective gives place to a formative one, of new knowledges and new means of claim. Finally, there is the approach of new agendas that are emerging and that are assimilated by this movement whose concern about inclusion is basic ground.