Gestures are common in baroque opera performances, to help communicate the content and is a way to be more expressive with the whole body while performing. I wanted to explore baroque gestures to improve and expand my capacity to communicate through expressive movement, to develop my own skills as an opera singer and to add another important layer to my baroque performance. I have analysed La Messaggiera’s aria, Un in fiorito prato, from Claudio Monteverdi’s opera L’Ofreo. This by analysing the character, the aria and the music, including a poetic and word by word translation. I chose words from the aria and combined them with gestures. Overall, three recordings were made; one baseline, to show how I usually perform and two recordings applying and developing the gestures. The second and the third recordings were evaluated by myself and three separate reviewers, by comparing the recordings and providing feedback on my baroque gesture performance development. The feedback stated that the applied gestures helped to convey the dramatic content and enhanced my sense of phrasing and helped to reinforce the soft and loud contrasts of the singing. This helped to enhance the reviewers’ perceptions of the character’s emotional expression of the aria. I will continue to develop my knowledge and use of baroque gestures when performing baroque opera repertoire.

From August 2022 to May 2023, I participated in a student production of Cavalli’s La Calisto, and my part in the production was the role of Diana. This thesis investigates the specific challenges of the role, and in consequence how I resolved those challenges.  I started by interviewing four active or retired professional opera singers regarding their experience and their technique for studying a role. After this I conducted a literature search regarding Baroque opera, relevant research on practice and memorization, and already existing material mostly found in various blogs of professionals in the field of opera.  The main section of the thesis deals with the specific challenges I encountered when learning the role of Diana, and how I resolved those challenges. When relevant I have attempted to connect my solutions to the information gathered during the initial phase of the thesis work.

Le Roland furieux constitue un réservoir d'intrigues inépuisable pour l'opéra baroque. Nous prenons en compte un corpus de quatre-vingts livrets mais aussi pièces de théâtre et ballets, résumés dans l'Annexe et analysés au fil d'une réflexion qui vise à dégager des grandes lignes d'histoire de l'opéra pouvant justifier la disparition des personnages, qui coïncide avec le passage du texte source au second plan après le XVIIIe siècle. Le point de vue adopté dans la première partie nous permet de mettre en lumière la circulation des sujets et de démêler les différents filtres de réécritures intermédiaires en fonction des influences littéraires, mais aussi politiques et matérielles. La plasticité de l'Arioste qui le rend adaptable à tous les contextes, entraîne également une fortune sérieuse aussi bien qu'une fortune comique. Les épisodes de l'épopée privilégiés à l'opéra, au-delà des différences entre contextes de création et genres, sont ceux qui mettent en scène l'excès et le désir. Les deux personnages qui cristallisent ces thématiques suivent, dans l'histoire des réécritures opératiques, deux trajectoires inversées. Roland ébranle les conventions génériques et perd dans ses plus belles réalisations l'essentiel de sa charge comique tandis qu'Alcine, se fondant dans tous les genres, de sérieuse, devient comique. / Ariosto's Orlando furioso offers a countless multitude of plots for the baroque opera. Our corpus is composed of eighty librettos and also of some dramatic plays and ballets, presented in the appendix. This thesis intends to consider why Ariosto's heroes disappeared from European scenes, while they lost their aura, by taking in account the main lines of operatic history. Firstly, we would like to accent the circulation of the plots between cultural areas and to analyze the different literary, political and factual influences that can alter the original text. Then, our purpose is to examine the ariostan plasticity, which suits to all the contexts and explains the ambivalent generic posterity of the epic romance on operatic stages, either comic or serious. Finally, we want to highlight that the most adapted episodes are related to excess and desire. The both characters, that carry these themes, meet an opposite fate. Orlando's most achieved treatments subvert more and more the generic conventions, by reducing his comic aspect, whereas Alcina loses her serious nature and becomes a comic figure.

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A tese trata da maneira como Reinhard Keiser (1674-1739) utilizou a flauta doce nas árias de suas óperas, e teve como objetivo principal ampliar o repertório orquestral e vocal com flauta doce. Para tanto, foram estudadas características da ópera no norte da Alemanha, a partir de suas origens, até o início das atividades do Theater am Gänsemarkt, em Hamburgo, onde Keiser trabalhou durante quase toda sua vida. Além disso, são apresentadas considerações a respeito do uso da flauta doce na música dramática dos séculos XVII e XVIII, de modo a compreenderem-se as especificidades propostas por Keiser. A bibliografia sobre o compositor, desde seus contemporâneos até a mais recente, é estudada com o objetivo de compreender o esquecimento e a reabilitação da produção de Keiser e sobretudo para conhecer quais características foram tradicionalmente atribuídas a ele. Por fim, apresenta-se uma discussão do uso da flauta doce nas árias de ópera de Keiser, comparando-as entre si e também com árias de outros compositores, com o intuito de caracterizar e contextualizar o emprego do instrumento, averiguando os procedimentos composicionais adotados. A análise dos dados levantados mostrou que Keiser manteve-se fiel a convenções tradicionais ao mesmo tempo em que as renovou, e ampliou princípios e procedimentos estabelecidos, acrescentando uma nova dimensão à flauta doce na música vocal e orquestral. / The thesis examines how Reinhard Keiser (1674-1739) used the recorder in the arias of his operas. The text presents some aspects of northern german baroque opera, from its origins until the activities in the Theater am Gänsemarkt (Hamburg), where Keiser worked almost his entire life. There are also some considerations about the use of the recorder in 17th and 18th century opera, in order to understand the specific solutions proposed by Keiser. The bibliography about the composer is analyzed from his contemporaries until the most recent authors, to understand the oblivion and the later rehabilitation of Keiser’s work, and, more especially, to know the specific characteristics assigned to him. At the end, the text discusses the use of the recorder in Keiser’s operas in order to characterize and contextualize it, verifying his composicional proceedings. The analysis shows that Keiser, though relying on traditional proceedings, renewed and extended them, giving a new place to the recorder in vocal and orchestral music.

A tese trata da maneira como Reinhard Keiser (1674-1739) utilizou a flauta doce nas árias de suas óperas, e teve como objetivo principal ampliar o repertório orquestral e vocal com flauta doce. Para tanto, foram estudadas características da ópera no norte da Alemanha, a partir de suas origens, até o início das atividades do Theater am Gänsemarkt, em Hamburgo, onde Keiser trabalhou durante quase toda sua vida. Além disso, são apresentadas considerações a respeito do uso da flauta doce na música dramática dos séculos XVII e XVIII, de modo a compreenderem-se as especificidades propostas por Keiser. A bibliografia sobre o compositor, desde seus contemporâneos até a mais recente, é estudada com o objetivo de compreender o esquecimento e a reabilitação da produção de Keiser e sobretudo para conhecer quais características foram tradicionalmente atribuídas a ele. Por fim, apresenta-se uma discussão do uso da flauta doce nas árias de ópera de Keiser, comparando-as entre si e também com árias de outros compositores, com o intuito de caracterizar e contextualizar o emprego do instrumento, averiguando os procedimentos composicionais adotados. A análise dos dados levantados mostrou que Keiser manteve-se fiel a convenções tradicionais ao mesmo tempo em que as renovou, e ampliou princípios e procedimentos estabelecidos, acrescentando uma nova dimensão à flauta doce na música vocal e orquestral. / The thesis examines how Reinhard Keiser (1674-1739) used the recorder in the arias of his operas. The text presents some aspects of northern german baroque opera, from its origins until the activities in the Theater am Gänsemarkt (Hamburg), where Keiser worked almost his entire life. There are also some considerations about the use of the recorder in 17th and 18th century opera, in order to understand the specific solutions proposed by Keiser. The bibliography about the composer is analyzed from his contemporaries until the most recent authors, to understand the oblivion and the later rehabilitation of Keiser’s work, and, more especially, to know the specific characteristics assigned to him. At the end, the text discusses the use of the recorder in Keiser’s operas in order to characterize and contextualize it, verifying his composicional proceedings. The analysis shows that Keiser, though relying on traditional proceedings, renewed and extended them, giving a new place to the recorder in vocal and orchestral music.

A tese trata da maneira como Reinhard Keiser (1674-1739) utilizou a flauta doce nas árias de suas óperas, e teve como objetivo principal ampliar o repertório orquestral e vocal com flauta doce. Para tanto, foram estudadas características da ópera no norte da Alemanha, a partir de suas origens, até o início das atividades do Theater am Gänsemarkt, em Hamburgo, onde Keiser trabalhou durante quase toda sua vida. Além disso, são apresentadas considerações a respeito do uso da flauta doce na música dramática dos séculos XVII e XVIII, de modo a compreenderem-se as especificidades propostas por Keiser. A bibliografia sobre o compositor, desde seus contemporâneos até a mais recente, é estudada com o objetivo de compreender o esquecimento e a reabilitação da produção de Keiser e sobretudo para conhecer quais características foram tradicionalmente atribuídas a ele. Por fim, apresenta-se uma discussão do uso da flauta doce nas árias de ópera de Keiser, comparando-as entre si e também com árias de outros compositores, com o intuito de caracterizar e contextualizar o emprego do instrumento, averiguando os procedimentos composicionais adotados. A análise dos dados levantados mostrou que Keiser manteve-se fiel a convenções tradicionais ao mesmo tempo em que as renovou, e ampliou princípios e procedimentos estabelecidos, acrescentando uma nova dimensão à flauta doce na música vocal e orquestral. / The thesis examines how Reinhard Keiser (1674-1739) used the recorder in the arias of his operas. The text presents some aspects of northern german baroque opera, from its origins until the activities in the Theater am Gänsemarkt (Hamburg), where Keiser worked almost his entire life. There are also some considerations about the use of the recorder in 17th and 18th century opera, in order to understand the specific solutions proposed by Keiser. The bibliography about the composer is analyzed from his contemporaries until the most recent authors, to understand the oblivion and the later rehabilitation of Keiser’s work, and, more especially, to know the specific characteristics assigned to him. At the end, the text discusses the use of the recorder in Keiser’s operas in order to characterize and contextualize it, verifying his composicional proceedings. The analysis shows that Keiser, though relying on traditional proceedings, renewed and extended them, giving a new place to the recorder in vocal and orchestral music.

Orientadores: Helena Jank, Paulo Mugayar Kuhl / Acompanha anexos I-IV (308p., il. publicados separadamente) e Anexo V em CD-ROM / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Artes / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-09T09:53:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Carpena_LuciaBecker_D.pdf: 28904081 bytes, checksum: 2b59739db096e3ab52bf504eb62fd4e4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007 / Resumo: A tese trata da maneira como Reinhard Keiser (1674-1739) utilizou a flauta doce nas árias de suas óperas, e teve como objetivo principal ampliar o repertório orquestral e vocal com flauta doce. Para tanto, foram estudadas características da ópera no norte da Alemanha, a partir de suas origens, até o início das atividades do Theater am Gänsemarkt, em Hamburgo, onde Keiser trabalhou durante quase toda sua vida. Além disso, são apresentadas considerações a respeito do uso da flauta doce na música dramática dos séculos XVII e XVIII, de modo a compreenderem-se as especificidades propostas por Keiser. A bibliografia sobre o compositor, desde seus contemporâneos até a mais recente, é estudada com o objetivo de compreender o esquecimento e a reabilitação da produção de Keiser e sobretudo para conhecer quais características foram tradicionalmente atribuídas a ele. Por fim, apresenta-se uma discussão do uso da flauta doce nas árias de ópera de Keiser, comparando-as entre si e também com árias de outros compositores, com o intuito de caracterizar e contextualizar o emprego do instrumento, averiguando os procedimentos composicionais adotados. A análise dos dados levantados mostrou que Keiser manteve-se fiel a convenções tradicionais ao mesmo tempo em que as renovou, e ampliou princípios e procedimentos estabelecidos, acrescentando uma nova dimensão à flauta doce na música vocal e orquestral / Abstract: The thesis examines how Reinhard Keiser (1674-1739) used the recorder in the arias of his operas. The text presents some aspects of northern german baroque opera, from its origins until the activities in the Theater am Gänsemarkt (Hamburg), where Keiser worked almost his entire life. There are also some considerations about the use of the recorder in 17th and 18th century opera, in order to understand the specific solutions proposed by Keiser. The bibliography about the composer is analyzed from his contemporaries until the most recent authors, to understand the oblivion and the later rehabilitation of Keiser?s work, and, more especially, to know the specific characteristics assigned to him. At the end, the text discusses the use of the recorder in Keiser?s operas in order to characterize and contextualize it, verifying his composicional proceedings. The analysis shows that Keiser, though relying on traditional proceedings, renewed and extended them, giving a new place to the recorder in vocal and orchestral music / Doutorado / Praticas Interpretativas / Doutor em Música

Ce mémoire porte sur la représentation de la fureur dans la tragédie en musique "Roland" de Philippe Quinault et Jean-Baptiste Lully, créée en 1685. Il cherche à préciser, dans une perspective historique et rhétorique, les moyens littéraires, musicaux et scéniques par lesquels sont rendus les excès du personnage furieux sur la scène classique du second XVIIe siècle. Le premier chapitre vise à rassembler les figures mythiques de la fureur dans une perspective d’ordre historique, des origines antiques aux diverses reprises dramatiques du répertoire français, en passant par la célèbre épopée de l’Orlando furioso, rappelant ainsi les bases de la topique de la fureur. Il s’intéresse également au développement d’une esthétique de la fureur propre au genre dramatique, ainsi qu’à son rapport au sublime, idéal d’expression classique. Guidé par la question de la représentation et de ses effets sur le spectateur, le second chapitre propose une analyse rhétorique de la scène de fureur dans Roland. L’étude de cette scène en fonction des différentes parties de la rhétorique – inventio, dispositio, elocutio et actio – démontre qu’une dynamique de contraste et d’alternance entre force et douceur se situe au cœur de la rhétorique du dérèglement qui conduit les représentations de la fureur. / This dissertation addresses the representation of fury in Jean-Baptiste Lully and Philippe Quinault’s 1685 opera, Roland. It seeks to define the rhetorical means through which fury is conveyed on the classical stage of the second half of the XVIIth century, whether they be found in the music, text or staging. The first chapter considers the mythological figures of fury in a historical perspective, from ancient origins to the famous Orlando furioso and its numerous reinterpretations in the French dramatic repertoire, therefore gathering the basis of the topic of fury. This section also addresses the development of the aesthetics of fury, and its relation to the sublime ideal of classical expression. Guided by the idea of performance and of its effects on the audience, the second chapter studies Roland’s wrath in a rhetorical perspective. Following the traditional rhetorical divisions – inventio, dispositio, elocutio and actio –, the study of this scene shows that dynamics of contrast and balance between strength and softness lie at the core of the rhetoric of disturbance which conducts the representation of fury.

Ce mémoire porte sur la représentation de la fureur dans la tragédie en musique "Roland" de Philippe Quinault et Jean-Baptiste Lully, créée en 1685. Il cherche à préciser, dans une perspective historique et rhétorique, les moyens littéraires, musicaux et scéniques par lesquels sont rendus les excès du personnage furieux sur la scène classique du second XVIIe siècle. Le premier chapitre vise à rassembler les figures mythiques de la fureur dans une perspective d’ordre historique, des origines antiques aux diverses reprises dramatiques du répertoire français, en passant par la célèbre épopée de l’Orlando furioso, rappelant ainsi les bases de la topique de la fureur. Il s’intéresse également au développement d’une esthétique de la fureur propre au genre dramatique, ainsi qu’à son rapport au sublime, idéal d’expression classique. Guidé par la question de la représentation et de ses effets sur le spectateur, le second chapitre propose une analyse rhétorique de la scène de fureur dans Roland. L’étude de cette scène en fonction des différentes parties de la rhétorique – inventio, dispositio, elocutio et actio – démontre qu’une dynamique de contraste et d’alternance entre force et douceur se situe au cœur de la rhétorique du dérèglement qui conduit les représentations de la fureur. / This dissertation addresses the representation of fury in Jean-Baptiste Lully and Philippe Quinault’s 1685 opera, Roland. It seeks to define the rhetorical means through which fury is conveyed on the classical stage of the second half of the XVIIth century, whether they be found in the music, text or staging. The first chapter considers the mythological figures of fury in a historical perspective, from ancient origins to the famous Orlando furioso and its numerous reinterpretations in the French dramatic repertoire, therefore gathering the basis of the topic of fury. This section also addresses the development of the aesthetics of fury, and its relation to the sublime ideal of classical expression. Guided by the idea of performance and of its effects on the audience, the second chapter studies Roland’s wrath in a rhetorical perspective. Following the traditional rhetorical divisions – inventio, dispositio, elocutio and actio –, the study of this scene shows that dynamics of contrast and balance between strength and softness lie at the core of the rhetoric of disturbance which conducts the representation of fury.