The aim of this essay is to see how various texts, both Swedish and foreign, have described the former Swedish colony of St. Bartholomew. The focus has been on the slaves on the colony, and here how they were treated and how the analyzed authors portray the slaves lives. The literature has been divided up into two different categories, based on when they were published. The distinction has been made by dividing them up into a contemporary cluster, that were published before the 1900’s, as opposed to the more recent literature, from after the 1900’s. This division also enables us to see a difference not only between authors, but also between time periods. The research shows a difference within the focus of the contemporary and the recent literature, where the contemporary focused more on the slave trade per se whereas the slaves lives are discussed more in the recent literature. This can be ascribed to the differing discourses, where the actuality of abolishing the slave trade was prominent when the contemporary authors were active. The recent authors have all had access to the same resources in the different archives, but most of them differ in their usage of said resources. By looking at these texts with the theory of historiography in mind we can ascribe these differences to many different reasons, some of being the differing discourses as well as the aim of the text.  Whereas there has been research conducted about St. Bartholomew as a Swedish colony, the subject has not caused a great stir within the academic world of history.

Mémoire numérisé par la Direction des bibliothèques de l'Université de Montréal.

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There are a lot of Swedish people who are aware of former Swedish colonies. St. Barthélemy in the West Indies, has many streets and towns named after Swedish people, exemplified by the capital Gustavia, named after King Gustav III. What many fail to learn about however, is the fact that slavery and slave trade is a relatively large part of Sweden’s cultural heritage. These are events that Sweden doesn’t seem to want to remember.   This study aims to look at Swedish history books to study historical writing about Sweden’s involvement in slavery and slave trade. The study will also analyze the social debate regarding slavery in Swedish newspapers, in an effort to showcase why these historical events have been forgotten and purposely evaded. The study will make use of theoretical standpoints revolving around historiography and use of history.   The results show that social debates in Swedish newspapers is largely in agreement regarding the grim nature of slavery and the shameful historical events that transpire. In addition to this, the papers seem to be in agreement regarding the need to address this part of Sweden’s history in an effort to tackle future conflicts facing multicultural countries such as Sweden. In regard to history books, the result is telling. In essence, history outside of Europe has been neglected, and thus Sweden has been allowed to create their own historical narrative, leaving slave trade beyond the horizon.

Syftet med denna uppsats är att undersöka anledningarna till slaveriets avskaffande på den svenska kolonin St. Barthélemy mellan åren 1813–1847. För att undersöka avskaffandeprocessen har en diskursanalys tillämpats för att belysa de idéer, tankar och influenser som kom att påverka avskaffandet. För detta ändamål har riksdagshandlingar, protokoll, brevkorrespondens, dagstidningar och övrigt källmaterial gåtts igenom.Undersökningens resultat visar att diskursen i Sverige rörande varför den svenska statsmakten valde att avskaffa slaveriet och senare avhända St. Barthélemy tillbaka till Frankrike är mångskiftande och nyanserade. Under sent 1700–tal och tidigt 1800–tal hade de ekonomiska aspekterna av St. Barthélemy som svensk koloni diskuterats och ön kom att betraktas som en belastning för den svenska kronan. Vidare fanns det också under denna tid internationella flöden och påtryckningar, primärt från engelskt håll, vad gäller att avskaffa och frigöra slavar. Dessa påtryckningar hade påverkat svenska politiker och intellektuella. Inte minst präglades också riksdagsdebatten om slaveriets avskaffande på ön St. Barthélemy av ekonomiska, humanitära och internationella influenser. Sammantaget mynnade detta ut i att riksdagen bestämde att slavarna skulle friköpas och år 1847 proklamerade Sverige att slaveriet på den svenska kolonin hade avskaffats.

Du Roland furieux de l’Arioste (1516-1532) au Songe de Kepler (1634), cette thèse propose une étude des récits de voyages aériens dans la fiction narrative de la Renaissance (romans, poèmes épiques, satires) ainsi que des discours théoriques abordant la question du vol et de l’élévation (démonologie, cosmographie, astronomie, discours sur la possibilité du vol humain ou le vol des oiseaux, etc.). Trois principaux objets sont mis en valeur : les voyages célestes écrits dans la lignée de récits comme le Songe de Scipion de Cicéron ou l’Icaroménippe de Lucien de Samosate ; les voyages aériens de la fiction chevaleresque ; le motif du transport diabolique. L’étude montre ainsi l’importance prise par l’imaginaire du vol à la Renaissance, à la croisée de la fiction et des discours savants, et dessine une « pré-histoire » des fictions d’envol avant les récits de Godwin (The Man in the Moone, 1638) et de Cyrano de Bergerac (Etats et Empires de la Lune et du Soleil, 1657 et 1662). Au cœur de cette rêverie se loge tout à la fois le désir de prendre la mesure du monde et les inquiétudes suscitées par ce même désir. / From Ariosto’s Orlando furioso (1516-1532) to Kepler’s Somnium (1634), this thesis offers a study of aerial and celestial voyages in Renaissance narrative fiction (romances, epic poems, satires) as well as of learned treatises related to the question of flying (demonology, cosmography, astronomy, learned discourses on human and bird flight, etc.). It focuses on three main subjects: cosmic voyages in the tradition of Cicero’s Dream of Scipio or Lucian of Samosata’s Icaromenippus; aerial voyages in chivalric romance; diabolical transvection (eg. fly to the sabbath). It thus shows the extent to which flight captured the Renaissance imagination, at the cross-roads between fiction and learned discourse, and it traces a « pre-history » of fictional flying before Godwin’s Man in the Moone (1638) or Cyrano de Bergerac’s Etats et Empires de la Lune et du Soleil (1657 and 1662). At the heart of this fantasy lies a desire to measure the world from above – together with the anxieties produced by the same desire.

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L'objectif de cette thèse est de présenter la traduction en portugais d’Alector, histoire fabuleuse, de Barthélemy Aneau, œuvre publiée en 1560 à Lyon par Pierre Fradin. Cette thèse s’organise en deux parties. Partie A: étude critique de la ville imaginaire d’Orbe développée en trois étapes: a) l’analyse des aspects généraux du texte, en particulier le jugement d’Alector; b) la dimension utopique de la ville orbitaine; et, c) sa dimension religieuse. Partie B: étude qui a préparé la traduction et contient deux chapitres: le premier vise à caractériser le travail, à discuter le sens du choix de narrativa, à présenter son auteur et une analyse générale des résultats des recherches menées dans des Archives; le second propose de réfléchir sur le processus de traduction d’Alector. La conclusion est suivie par la traduction d’Alector, narrativa fabulosa. Les Annexes regroupent des documents retrouvés au cours de la recherche dans les Archives en France, en Italie et dans la Cité du Vatican / This thesis presents the Portuguese translation of Alector, histoire fabuleuse by Barthelemy Aneau, published in Lyon in 1560 by Pierre Fradin. Our thesis is made up of two parts: Part A contains a critical study of the imaginary town of Orbe and is made up of three sections: first, the analysis of the general aspects of the work; second, the utopian dimension of the city of Orbe and third, its religious dimension. Part B contains the study that prepared the translation and features two sections: the first one characterizes the work, discusses the meaning of the narrative in its context, and introduces its author; it also contains the general analysis of the results of the research conducted at the archives. The second section reflects on the process of translating Alector. The conclusion is followed by the bilingual translation of Alector, histoire fabuleuse. The appendices list the documents we looked up at the archives and libraries in France, Italy, and the Vatican City

Ce travail comprend un avant-propos où nous présentons le personnage de Marguerite de Valois ainsi que celui d'Henri de Navarre. Composé de trois parties, il s'articule dans un premier temps autour de l'image perçue comme un message édifiant. Puis, la représentation de scènes de massacres est vue à travers le regard d'un homme de théâtre, Christopher Marlowe. Enfin la troisième partie trace l'imaginaire du romancier Alexandre Dumas et des metteurs en scène Jacques Dréville et Patrice Chéreau sur un même thème, celui de la Reine Margot. Dans cette recherche, la violence est sous-jacente dans sa force créatrice et angoissante avec l'exploration de la Saint-Barthélemy (1572). / This thesis is upon Marguerite de Valois, the Saint-Barthélemy (1572)and the violence in painting, novels and movies. The three parts show the evolution of mentality between painters in XVIe century, novelist in XIXe century and film directors in XXe century.