Föreliggande studie undersöker hur ett urval av historieläroböcker för årskurs 7-9 inom den svenska grundskolan behandlar fenomenet slaveri från förhistoria till nutid. Syftet med studien är att analysera hur slaveri och slavhandel beskrivs och förklaras i ett urval svenska historieläroböcker avsedda för grundskolans senare del, och vilka former av historiebruk som kan utläsas ur dessa beskrivningar och förklaringar. Fokus ligger på fyra aspekter: hur förklaras slaveriets uppkomst, dess vidmakthållande, dess konsekvenser för individ och samhälle, samt slaveriets upphörande. Den tillämpade metoden är läromedelsanalys från ett funktionellt perspektiv med historiedidaktisk ansats, och med fokus på historiebruk efter en typologi framtagen av historieprofessorn Klas-Göran Karlsson. Resultatet visar att tre av de fyra undersökta läroboksserierna inte gör några ansatser till att försöka förklara hur slaveriet som fenomen kan ha uppstått. Vidmakthållandet och konsekvenserna av slaveriet förklaras ur ekonomiska- och nyttoperspektiv med få andra perspektiv representerade. Slaveriets upphörande förklaras genom legislativa beslut på ett sätt som begränsar möjligheten till diskussion av nutida relaterade fenomen som trafficking, skuldslaveri och sexslaveri. Resultatet påvisar även ett övergripande eurocentriskt narrativ i de undersökta läroboksserierna.

The transatlantic slave trade started in the 17th century and lasted for more than two hundred years, and many nations across the world abolished the slave trade during the 19th century. As slavery became a rather controversial topic, it led to hectic debates about the moral aspects of buying and selling human beings. During the 19th century in North America, newspapers were used to influence people and make them aware of the contemporary slave trade. Ideas and thoughts about the slave trade were conveyed to the public through newspapers, which became important and widely used media phenomena. Newspapers have always been used to convey different kinds of information, and as slavery was a much-disputed topic, the newspapers frequently wrote about it. This study aims to give an analysis of how three 18th century Swedish newspapers – Folkets röst, Jönköpingsbladet and Post- och inrikes tidningar – depicted the slave trade and slavery in general, between 1840 and 1860. In each newspaper, 15 news articles were analysed. The results show that the number of news articles where slavery was depicted in a negative context in Folkets röst and Post- och inrikestidningar, the results were approximately the same. As for Jönköpingsbladet, slavery was depicted in primarily neutral contexts. Neither of the newspapers depicted slavery positively.

<p>Kvinnan kan du sälja igen -och- igen -och- igen, tills hon är död.</p><p>Så säger Iluta Laca, ordförande i Martacenter i Riga och en av deltagarna på Palmedagarna i Västerås under hösten 2005. Laca arbetar med att hindra att flickor hamnar i trafficking men även med att rehabilitera redan utsatta.</p><p>Trafficking är inget nytt fenomen, redan under 1800-talets senare hälft fanns det prostituerade från Europa i Buenos Aires och i Indien. Detta kallas för den ”vita slavhandeln”. Den ersattes senare av den ”svarta slavhandeln” som kan delas in i fyra vågor och handlar om kvinnor som kommit till västvärlden. I den första vågen kom kvinnorna från Asien, i den andra från Sydamerika och i den tredje från Afrika. Nu i den fjärde vågen kommer kvinnorna från Central- och Östeuropa. Det fanns knappast några kvinnor från dessa länder före 1992. Enligt FN kan så många som 2 miljoner människor per år falla offer för trafficking. Uppskattningsvis tjänar de kriminella grupperna 7 miljarder dollar per år på verksamheten. Då handlar det inte bara om trafficking för sexuella syften utan t.ex. även arbetskraftsexploatering. Vinsterna i trafficking är jämförbara med smuggling av droger och vapen. Den stora förtjänsten med trafficking, både den i sexuellt syfte och arbetskraftsexploatering, ligger bland annat i att människor kan säljas om och om igen.</p><p>Den här uppsatsen handlar om hur fem olika organisationer i Sverige diskuterar fenomenet trafficking av kvinnor för sexuella ändamål. Det empiriska materialet i studien består av intervjuer med representanter från organisationerna Kvinna Till Kvinna, Kvinnoforum, Palmecentret, Riksförbundet för sexuell upplysning (RFSU) och Riksorganisationen för kvinnojourer och tjejjourer i Sverige (ROKS). Även tryckt material från organisationerna som tar upp fenomenet finns med i empirin.</p>

Kvinnan kan du sälja igen -och- igen -och- igen, tills hon är död. Så säger Iluta Laca, ordförande i Martacenter i Riga och en av deltagarna på Palmedagarna i Västerås under hösten 2005. Laca arbetar med att hindra att flickor hamnar i trafficking men även med att rehabilitera redan utsatta. Trafficking är inget nytt fenomen, redan under 1800-talets senare hälft fanns det prostituerade från Europa i Buenos Aires och i Indien. Detta kallas för den ”vita slavhandeln”. Den ersattes senare av den ”svarta slavhandeln” som kan delas in i fyra vågor och handlar om kvinnor som kommit till västvärlden. I den första vågen kom kvinnorna från Asien, i den andra från Sydamerika och i den tredje från Afrika. Nu i den fjärde vågen kommer kvinnorna från Central- och Östeuropa. Det fanns knappast några kvinnor från dessa länder före 1992. Enligt FN kan så många som 2 miljoner människor per år falla offer för trafficking. Uppskattningsvis tjänar de kriminella grupperna 7 miljarder dollar per år på verksamheten. Då handlar det inte bara om trafficking för sexuella syften utan t.ex. även arbetskraftsexploatering. Vinsterna i trafficking är jämförbara med smuggling av droger och vapen. Den stora förtjänsten med trafficking, både den i sexuellt syfte och arbetskraftsexploatering, ligger bland annat i att människor kan säljas om och om igen. Den här uppsatsen handlar om hur fem olika organisationer i Sverige diskuterar fenomenet trafficking av kvinnor för sexuella ändamål. Det empiriska materialet i studien består av intervjuer med representanter från organisationerna Kvinna Till Kvinna, Kvinnoforum, Palmecentret, Riksförbundet för sexuell upplysning (RFSU) och Riksorganisationen för kvinnojourer och tjejjourer i Sverige (ROKS). Även tryckt material från organisationerna som tar upp fenomenet finns med i empirin.

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<p>This master's essay is about seasonality in Bristols slave trade until the American Revolution 1776. The essay uses the Voyages database as the primary material. The essay's method is to study monthly distribution at different points of the slave trade – the departure from Bristol and the arrival at the American destination. The seasonality of slave purchases in Africa is primarly studied through the monthly distribution of departures from Bristol for a specific region in Africa. This methodological choice is based on the lack of coverage of African arrival dates. The theoretical groundwork in the essay is foremost based on Henri Lefebvre's concept of rhytm analysis. The results of the essay show that there usually was some seasonality in the different parts of Bristol's slave trade. The essay tries to relate this seasonality with possible explanations, like the need of provisions, trade goods, harvest cycles in Africa and America, though the essay doesn't have any pretensions of proving actual causal relations, just that the seasonality of the slave trade coincided with other seasonal cycles.</p>

This master's essay is about seasonality in Bristols slave trade until the American Revolution 1776. The essay uses the Voyages database as the primary material. The essay's method is to study monthly distribution at different points of the slave trade – the departure from Bristol and the arrival at the American destination. The seasonality of slave purchases in Africa is primarly studied through the monthly distribution of departures from Bristol for a specific region in Africa. This methodological choice is based on the lack of coverage of African arrival dates. The theoretical groundwork in the essay is foremost based on Henri Lefebvre's concept of rhytm analysis. The results of the essay show that there usually was some seasonality in the different parts of Bristol's slave trade. The essay tries to relate this seasonality with possible explanations, like the need of provisions, trade goods, harvest cycles in Africa and America, though the essay doesn't have any pretensions of proving actual causal relations, just that the seasonality of the slave trade coincided with other seasonal cycles.

<p>My goal with this thesis was to investigate how educational material in the subjects of history, geography and social studies relate to the fact that Sweden has a history marked by prejudice and racism.I have chosen to focus on four areas in the Swedish history that I think deserves some special attention, these four areas have been: the Swedish slave trade on the island of Saint Barthelemy in the eighteenth century, Swedish eugenics and oppression of the Sami people, forced sterilization services during the twentieth century and Sweden's aid and concessions to Nazi Germany during World War II. With these areas in focus I’ve studied three textbooks in the courses Geography A, Civics A and History A to se how they deal with prejudice and racism in the Swedish history.</p><p>The result I have come to is that none of the books addresses all four of the areas I’ve focused on. Even if the books are taken as a whole the image that they convey is not adequate. In the event that the four areas that I’ve focused on been mentioned the information have been scant and rarely, if ever, has Sweden been paired with phenomenons like racism, slavery, colonialism, eugenics, forced sterilization, etc. All these concepts (apart from racism) are treated in comparison to other countries and in some cases, even moral advice, or condemnations occurred in connection therewith. Racism as a phenomenon is not discussed in any of the books, creating a further gap in the history these books create. The consequence of this would be that the teaching teachers need to compensate for the shortcomings of these books to meet the guidelines and objectives governing documents set up. If such compensatory education does not take place there is a risk that the areas I have chosen to focus on will fall into oblivion and the lessons we can learn from history could be lost.</p>

This thesis consists of four independent chapters, in which well-known economic theories are employed to investigate, and better understand, data and facts from the real world. Although in fairly distant topics, each paper is an example of how economics, and more precisely microeconomics, offers a rigorous and effective framework to reason about what happens around us. In this sense, my dissertation fully represents what I have learnt in these five years. The first paper addresses the experimental behavior of subjects that interact with each other, non-cooperatively, in a laboratory setup. The experimental evidence is found to be at odds with the predictions of classical game-theory, and I explore whether a model of bounded rationality can instead succeed in explaining the data. The second paper looks at another type of data, historical rather than experimental. Together with Björn Wallace, we raise doubts, methodological and interpretational, regarding the validity of a recent finding that documents a sizeable effect of Africa's past slave trades on current economic performance. The last two papers investigate the phenomenon of limited records, understood as the limited availability of past public data regarding a transacting partner. The former is a survey, written jointly with Giancarlo Spagnolo, wherein we discuss the literatures that have independently studied whether limited records may actually prompt beneficial reputation effects. We argue that what is known about this type of informational arrangement is little and scattered, and that this is problematic given the large number of real-life situations featuring limited records. These conclusions prepare the ground for the last paper of this dissertation, which presents a model of limited credit records. The model aims at providing a framework for evaluating the current privacy provisions in the credit market which mandate the removal of information about borrowers' past performance from public registers after a finite number of years. / Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, 2011

My goal with this thesis was to investigate how educational material in the subjects of history, geography and social studies relate to the fact that Sweden has a history marked by prejudice and racism.I have chosen to focus on four areas in the Swedish history that I think deserves some special attention, these four areas have been: the Swedish slave trade on the island of Saint Barthelemy in the eighteenth century, Swedish eugenics and oppression of the Sami people, forced sterilization services during the twentieth century and Sweden's aid and concessions to Nazi Germany during World War II. With these areas in focus I’ve studied three textbooks in the courses Geography A, Civics A and History A to se how they deal with prejudice and racism in the Swedish history. The result I have come to is that none of the books addresses all four of the areas I’ve focused on. Even if the books are taken as a whole the image that they convey is not adequate. In the event that the four areas that I’ve focused on been mentioned the information have been scant and rarely, if ever, has Sweden been paired with phenomenons like racism, slavery, colonialism, eugenics, forced sterilization, etc. All these concepts (apart from racism) are treated in comparison to other countries and in some cases, even moral advice, or condemnations occurred in connection therewith. Racism as a phenomenon is not discussed in any of the books, creating a further gap in the history these books create. The consequence of this would be that the teaching teachers need to compensate for the shortcomings of these books to meet the guidelines and objectives governing documents set up. If such compensatory education does not take place there is a risk that the areas I have chosen to focus on will fall into oblivion and the lessons we can learn from history could be lost.