No description available.

Objetivo: Considerando que a fissura labiopalatina (FLP) é uma anomalia importante em nossa realidade clínica, que os procedimentos cirúrgicos têm como objetivo restaurar a forma e a função normal das estruturas alteradas, o que muitas vezes sujeitos com esse tipo de malformação por motivos variados não podem se beneficiar dessa forma de tratamento, sendo indicados outros procedimentos, como por exemplo, a utilização de prótese de palato, o presente estudo tem como objetivos mensurar a gravidade dos sintomas de ansiedade e verificar a expectativa de sujeitos de ambos os gêneros, com disfunção velofaríngea, indicados à colocação da prótese de palato. Método: Estudo transversal e descritivo. Foram analisados 30 sujeitos, do Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais da USP com disfunção velofaríngea, de ambos os gêneros na faixa etária de 15 a 64 anos, com idade média de 28 anos, indicados para colocação da prótese de palato, no ano de 2005. Como instrumentos foram utilizados um questionário de expectativa formulado pela própria pesquisadora e o inventário de ansiedade de Beck. Resultados/Conclusões: Ocorreu expectativa com relação à modificação da fala em todos os sujeitos; a expectativa de mudança nos aspectos profissional e afetivo foi a mais relatada; a idade e os sujeitos do gênero feminino e do masculino não foram fatores relevantes nos níveis de ansiedade; o nível mínimo de ansiedade foi o de maior ocorrência; a expectativa foi mais freqüente que a ansiedade na população amostrada. / Objective: Cleft lip and palate (CLL) is a very common craniofacial anomaly. The cleft is usually corrected with surgery which may fail resulting in velopharyngeal dysfunction (VPD). The use of palatal prosthesis is an alternative treatment for correcting both, CLP and VPD. This study evaluated anxiety symptoms expectations of subjects of both genders, with velopharyngeal dysfunction, referred to palatal prosthesis program for VPD treatment. Method: In this cross sectional and descriptive study 30 subjects with velopharyngeal dysfunction, aged 15 to 64 years old (mean age of 28) were interviewed at the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies (HRAC). All subjects referred to the palatal prosthesis program at HRAC in the year of 2005 were considered for participation in the study but only the first 30 candidates were included. A questionnaire addressing expectation elaborated by the researcher and the Beck Scale on anxiety were used. Results/Conclusions: All subjects showed expectation regarding speech modification. Changes in professional and affective aspects of their lives after changes in speech were obtained with palatal prosthesis were the most reported expectations. Subjects\' age and gender influenced anxiety levels significantly which were minimum across subjects. High levels of expectation were more frequent than anxiety in the sample population.

Anxiety and depression are two disorders frequently diagnosed in adults. Given serious adverse affects such as physical health problems, interpersonal relationship difficulties, and suicide, differentiation in treatment of these often comorbid disorders is a necessity in providing appropriate care. The tripartite model of anxiety and depression (Clark & Watson, 1991) proposes that these disorders are linked by a common trait (Negative Affect) and differentiated by a trait common to depression (lack of Positive Affect) and a trait common to anxiety (Physiological Hyperarousal). The Clinical Assessment of Depression (CAD; Bracken & Howell, 2004), a recently published selfreport narrow-band measure of depression, includes a measure of anxiety related symptoms in its subscale structure. This study explores the validity of the CAD with two established measures: the Beck Depression Inventory – II (Beck, Steer, & Brown, 1996) and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (Beck, & Steer, 1993). College students of 18 to 52 years of age (n = 295) enrolled in undergraduate courses in psychology at a south central Kentucky university provided the study data. These individuals were divided into nonclinical and clinical samples based on self disclosure of a clinical diagnosis to examine differences between groups. Strong positive correlations (above r = .60) between similar CAD scales and total scores on the BAI and BDI-II supported convergent validity for the nonclinical sample. All comparisons supported convergent validity for the clinical sample except the correlation between the BDI-II Total Score and the CAD - Depressed Mood subscale (r = .56). Weak to moderate correlations (r = 0.0 to .59) between dissimilar scales supported divergent validity for all dissimilar comparisons in both samples except the correlation between the BDI-II and the CAD-Anxiety/Worry subscale in the nonclinical sample (r = .66). Hotelling-Williams t-tests were performed to compare correlations of similar and dissimilar constructs. Significant results emerged most comparisons in the nonclinical group support the use of the CAD diagnostic assessment. However, nonsignificant findings for the CAD Anxiety/Worry subscale indicate that this measure lacks the ability to aid diagnose significant levels of anxiety. Only one significant difference between correlations was found for the clinical sample with the CAD – Diminished Interest subscale evidencing significantly stronger correlations with the BDI-II than the BAI. The lack of significant differences for the other CAD scales is discussed relative to the small clinical sample size and the heterogeneity of disorders represented. Results support the use of the CAD as an adequate diagnostic tool for depression with college students. Results did not support the use of the CAD in differential diagnosis of anxiety with college students within the framework of the tripartite model. Implications of the findings are discussed to aid in practice and to suggest further research.

Nürnberg, Universiẗat, Diss.--Erlangen, 2006.

Objetivo: Considerando que a fissura labiopalatina (FLP) é uma anomalia importante em nossa realidade clínica, que os procedimentos cirúrgicos têm como objetivo restaurar a forma e a função normal das estruturas alteradas, o que muitas vezes sujeitos com esse tipo de malformação por motivos variados não podem se beneficiar dessa forma de tratamento, sendo indicados outros procedimentos, como por exemplo, a utilização de prótese de palato, o presente estudo tem como objetivos mensurar a gravidade dos sintomas de ansiedade e verificar a expectativa de sujeitos de ambos os gêneros, com disfunção velofaríngea, indicados à colocação da prótese de palato. Método: Estudo transversal e descritivo. Foram analisados 30 sujeitos, do Hospital de Reabilitação de Anomalias Craniofaciais da USP com disfunção velofaríngea, de ambos os gêneros na faixa etária de 15 a 64 anos, com idade média de 28 anos, indicados para colocação da prótese de palato, no ano de 2005. Como instrumentos foram utilizados um questionário de expectativa formulado pela própria pesquisadora e o inventário de ansiedade de Beck. Resultados/Conclusões: Ocorreu expectativa com relação à modificação da fala em todos os sujeitos; a expectativa de mudança nos aspectos profissional e afetivo foi a mais relatada; a idade e os sujeitos do gênero feminino e do masculino não foram fatores relevantes nos níveis de ansiedade; o nível mínimo de ansiedade foi o de maior ocorrência; a expectativa foi mais freqüente que a ansiedade na população amostrada. / Objective: Cleft lip and palate (CLL) is a very common craniofacial anomaly. The cleft is usually corrected with surgery which may fail resulting in velopharyngeal dysfunction (VPD). The use of palatal prosthesis is an alternative treatment for correcting both, CLP and VPD. This study evaluated anxiety symptoms expectations of subjects of both genders, with velopharyngeal dysfunction, referred to palatal prosthesis program for VPD treatment. Method: In this cross sectional and descriptive study 30 subjects with velopharyngeal dysfunction, aged 15 to 64 years old (mean age of 28) were interviewed at the Hospital for Rehabilitation of Craniofacial Anomalies (HRAC). All subjects referred to the palatal prosthesis program at HRAC in the year of 2005 were considered for participation in the study but only the first 30 candidates were included. A questionnaire addressing expectation elaborated by the researcher and the Beck Scale on anxiety were used. Results/Conclusions: All subjects showed expectation regarding speech modification. Changes in professional and affective aspects of their lives after changes in speech were obtained with palatal prosthesis were the most reported expectations. Subjects\' age and gender influenced anxiety levels significantly which were minimum across subjects. High levels of expectation were more frequent than anxiety in the sample population.

No description available.

The goal of this study is to see how risk assessment is executed on the social media platform Facebook. The aim is to see how risk assessment in contrast of Ulrich Becks (2012) theory about risk society and reflexive modernization can help understand how users on Facebook minimize the possible risk of their actions on Facebook. The study is of a qualitative variety and is based on interviews with ten different Facebook users and processed by being thematised by criminalty, risks of health, politic risks, economical risks and risks about integrity. It is also summarized by different strategies to minimize risks that the participants discussed in the interviews. The most important results in this study was connected to risks about source criticism and actions that could have an impact on work-related questions. It was possible to see in the study that if a user had knowledge about potential risks they were mostly more likely to protect themselves against it. Also it concludes that in some cases experience that users learns from does not have to be related to their own experiences.

Socially produced risks – ranging from financial crises to climate change – are of fundamental importance to contemporary economic, political, and social life. Given the central importance of these risks, the development of frameworks that analyze the relation between risk, power, and inequality is a key task for sociology. Ulrich Beck’s theory of risk society is a leading and powerful framework for analyzing the growing social production and distribution of risk, but it has fundamental problems in its understanding of the relation between risk and class. Beck has argued that class relations will be dissolved due to the increasingly equal and catastrophic nature of risks, while, in response, his critics have shown that increasing risk does not undermine class. This thesis explores the important, but as yet unasked, question: if class does continue to be a central factor, will it become even more important due to the changes associated with risk society? In pursuing this question, this study shows how the theory of risk society has conceptual resources and explanatory implications that both Beck and his critics have misapprehended. Firstly, it is argued that the processes associated with risk society tend to exacerbate class inequalities rather than simply dissolving or reproducing them. Secondly, it its argued that the theory of risk society is not antithetical to class analysis, but can actually make an important contribution to theorizing the dynamics of existing class relations. By analyzing how the distribution of environmental bads and the social production and distribution of financial risk tend to intensify class inequalities, this thesis substantiates this re-theorization of risk society and class. It thereby makes a fundamental intervention into contemporary understandings of the relation between risk, inequality, and power in the twenty-first century. / Thesis (Ph.D, Sociology) -- Queen's University, 2013-08-26 11:44:32.979

Thesis (Ph. D. (Psychology)) -- University of Limpopo, 2015 / The present study investigated whether the Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) measures the same construct in exactly the same way across the groups of interest and time in South Africa. The degree to which items or subtests of the BDI-II have equal meaning across qualitatively distinct groups of examinees (e.g., culture and gender) was explored. Measurement Invariance (MI) of the BDI-II across race (blacks and whites), gender and time (two weeks lag) was examined in a sample of university students, from two universities located in diverse geographical regions of South Africa (N = 919). Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was used to test the fit of the hypothesized three-factor model established through exploratory factor analysis (EFA), and the results from these analyses indicated that the BDI-II was most adequately represented by a three lower-order factor structure (appropriately named Negative attitude, Performance difficulty and Somatic complaints). Results based on multigroup confirmatory factor analysis (MCFA) (i.e., means and covariance structures [MACS]) indicated that there was factorial invariance for this three lowerorder factor structure across groups and time, suggesting that the BDI-II provides an assessment of severity of depressive symptoms that is equivalent across race, gender and time in university students. Results indicated that MI was established at the level of configural, metric and scalar invariance for race, gender and across time. However, there was some evidence of differential item functioning (DIF) and differential additive response style (ARS) across race, with two noninvariant intercepts (items 5 and 14) and three item intercepts (items 11, 14 and 18) across gender being identified. Additionally, results of latent mean differences were presented to explain group differences. The study concluded with recommendations for future studies.

Depression in adolescents if unrecognized, can interfere with every aspect of the individual’s life, increasing the risk for illness and interpersonal difficulties in the future. Therefore, it is imperative that significant levels of depressive symptoms be recognized, assessed, and treated. The usefulness and psychometric properties of new measures of depression are determined, in part, through comparison with existing measures. The current study investigated the concurrent validity of the Clinical Assessment of Depression (CAD; Bracken & Howell, 2004) with the Beck Depression Inventory-Second Edition (BDI-II; Beck, Steer, & Brown, 1996) for an adolescent population. The sample for this investigation consisted of 23 adolescents (13-18 years) with a primary diagnosis of unipolar depression and 98 adolescents that did not have a clinical diagnosis. Correlation coefficients were large and statistically significant between the CAD and BDI-II, ranging from .97 to .66. The CAD was able to distinguish between clinical and non-referred groups on the basis of mean group scores. Using the BDI-II classification as the criterion, a contingency table was computed and a classification consistency of 82% for the total sample was found. Findings of the current study indicate that the CAD appears to have adequate validity to support its use with adolescents.