Secrecy is a growing topic of interest in research, but little research has been done on adolescents keeping secrets from their friends. The purpose of this study was to find out if keeping secrets from friends was related to elevated depression and more behavior problems. The data in this study were obtained from 197 adolescents who were interviewed the summer after their 6th (n = 182, M age = 12.4, SD = 1.01) grade school year in southern Louisiana. This sample was 50.8% female, and the majority of the adolescents self-identified themselves as being white, non-Hispanic (47.7%) or African American (46.7%), while few self-identified themselves as being of other ethnicities (6.1%). Results showed that keeping secrets from friends is associated with higher levels of depression but not with more behavior problems. Keeping secrets from friends accounted for unique variance in depression after controlling for keeping secrets from parents. Secrets from friends accounted for the association between low friendship quality and depression. The link between secrets from friends, depression and behavior problem was not moderated by friendship quality and depression.

Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2004. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xii, 114 p. : ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 59-66).

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Wisconsin-Madison. / Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 203-210).

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The link between interparental conflict and adolescents’ maladjustment has been well established among European Americans; however, relatively few studies examine these relationships in Chinese societies. This study used longitudinal data from the Taiwan Youth Project (TYP), an on-going longitudinal panel research project focused on adolescent development, in order to examine the relationship between interparental conflict and depressive symptoms and externalizing problem behaviors of adolescents. In addition, this study examined parental warmth as a mediating variable for the relationship between interparental conflict and adolescents’ maladjustment. The results showed that interparental conflict predicted depressive symptoms among adolescents two years later. Mediation analysis indicated that parental warmth partially mediated the relationship between interparental conflict and depressive symptoms. However, findings indicated that there was no direct effect between interparental conflict and adolescent externalizing behaviors two years later; rather, the association was indirect through the mediating variable of overall parental warmth. Thus, overall parental warmth fully mediated the relationship between interparental conflict and subsequent externalizing behaviors. These results yield valuable information for clinical intervention and further research.

Thesis advisor: Eric Dearing / Socioemotional difficulties in childhood have been associated with body weight status and the subsequent development of obesity later in life. However, existing research often overlooks the developmental and dynamic nature of socioemotional functioning. Additionally, there is a lack of systematic examination of this relation across varied aspects of socioeconomic risks. Recent research has highlighted a seemingly paradoxical effect, wherein socioemotional competence is associated with adverse health outcomes among socioeconomically disadvantaged minority youths. Yet, obesity per se has received little attention in this literature. The present dissertation adds to the extant literature by examining links between socioemotional well-being and body weight across socioeconomic contexts. Specifically, the present dissertation provides three empirical papers using secondary analyses of large-scale longitudinal studies of children and adolescents to examine associations between sustained socioemotional competency and body weight. In each paper, the potential moderating role of socioeconomic risks and concerns for robustness across children’s racial/ethnic backgrounds are foci. Paper 1 estimated developmental trajectories of behavior problems from ages 5-6 to 13-14 and assessed whether body mass index (BMI) at ages 21-22 varied by behavior problem trajectory patterns, poverty status, and their interaction. Paper 2 identified self-control trajectories during elementary school, examined their impact on fifth-grade BMI, and explored whether the association between self-control trajectories and BMI differed by poverty status. Lastly, Paper 3 examined associations between self-control across the elementary school years and BMI at the end of elementary school, while allowing these associations by poverty dynamics and exposure to an accumulation of socioeconomic and contextual risks. Across three papers, all analyses were conducted for the entire sample and by racial/ethnic group. Results generally supported the protective role of socioemotional competency in preventing unhealthy body weight, regardless of socioeconomic risks. However, this relation was often less evident for children of color than for White children. These findings are interpreted with concern for the complex roles of disadvantage in children’s lives as pertains to social-emotional adjustment and body weight. The practical significance of the papers is focused on informing intervention efforts based on improved understandings of when, for whom, and under what conditions socioemotional competency is associated with health benefits, risks, or neither. / Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2024. / Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education. / Discipline: Counseling, Developmental and Educational Psychology.

Résumé : Les enfants de maternelle dont la préparation scolaire est limitée risquent de présenter des difficultés comportementales nuisibles à leur adaptation ultérieure. L’implication des parents à l’école, plus précisément la collaboration famille-école (CFE), peut représenter un facteur de protection favorisant l’adaptation de l’enfant tout au long de son parcours scolaire. Les écrits scientifiques suggèrent que la CFE jouerait un rôle important dans l’explication des difficultés de comportement, surtout auprès des enfants provenant de familles défavorisées. Cette étude porte sur le rôle de la CFE dans l’explication des difficultés de comportement intériorisé et extériorisé des enfants de maternelle qui présentaient des lacunes sur le plan de leur préparation scolaire. Les analyses de régression linéaire montrent que pour l’ensemble des familles de l’échantillon (n=47), plus il y a de communication entre le parent et l’enseignant, plus il y a présence de comportements extériorisés et intériorisés. Par contre, la CFE modère la relation entre un indice d’adversité constitué du cumul de cinq facteurs de risque sociodémographiques et les difficultés de comportement intériorisé. Ainsi, chez les familles défavorisées, une communication plus fréquente est associée à moins de comportements de type intériorisé. / Abstract : Children with limited school readiness are at risk for behavioral problems, which impact their school adjustment. Parents’ involvement in school, such as family-school partnership (FSP), may be a protective factor improving child's adaptation throughout their school career. Literature shows the important role of the FSP in reducing behavioral difficulties, especially for children from disadvantaged families. This study aims to explain child externalizing and internalizing behavior problems in kindergarten through FSP in children showing a limited school readiness. Linear regressions show that a frequent communication between the parent and the teacher is associate with a greater presence of externalizing and internalizing behaviors for the whole sample (n=47). However, FSP moderates the relationship between the demographics vulnerabilities and internalized child behavior problem in kindergarten. Indeed, for disadvantaged families, when there is a more frequent communication, children have less internalized behaviors.

Orientador: Alessandra Turini Bolsoni-Silva / Banca: Maura Gloria de Freitas / Banca: Ligia Ebner Melchiori / Resumo: A literatura nacional e internacional, especializada no relacionamento entre pais e filhos, aponta para a importância de se investigar os estilos e as práticas parentai para o estudo das habilidades sociais e dos problemas de comportamento dos adolescentes. As práticas parentais referem-se às diferentes estratégias que os pais utilizam para educação e socialização de seus filhos. As habilidades sociais utilizadas pelos pais com o intuito educativo são denominadas de habilidades sociais educativas parentais. Essas permitem a transmissão de padrões, valores e condutas ao filho, tornando possíveis a socialização do adolescente e a competência em suas interações sociais. Com base nos estilos maternos de risco e não risco para problemas de comportamento em adolescentes, obtidos pelo Inventário de Estilo Parental - IEP -, a presente pesquisa busca descrever o perfil de interações sociais estabelecidas entre mães e filhos adolescentes, utilizando como instrumento a análise funcional do comportamento. Foram investigadas as habilidades sociais educativas maternas, as práticas negativas, as variáveis contextuais, as habilidades sociais e os problemas de comportamento dos adolescentes. Participaram do estudo 24 mães, das quais 14 foram relatadas pelos seus filhos como tendo estilo de risco e 10, estilo de risco e 10, o que foi identificado pelo Inventário de Estilo Parental - IEP. Essas mães responderam o Roteiro de Entrevista de Habilidades Sociais Educativas Parentais - RE-HSE-P - e o Child Behavior Checklist - CBCL. As análises globais apontaram diferenças na comparação das habilidades sociais educativas maternas - HSE-P - do grupo de risco e de não risco para quase todas as categorias do RE-HSE-P: habilidades sociais educativas maternas, práticas negativas maternas, situações de contexto, frequência de práticas negativas maternas, total de práticas... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: The investigation of parental styles and practices and the relation with adolescent's behavior problems and adolescent's social skills, is being studied by national and international literature of parents and adolescents relationship. The parent's practices are the different strategies who they use for children and adolescent socialization. The social skills that the parents use with educative intention are called parental educative social skills, which allow the transmission of standards, values and behaviors that make possible the socialization of the child or adolescent and the ability in social interactions. In this context, the present study investigated from the maternal risk style and not risk style, by Parental Styles Inventory - IEP -, this research makes the functional analysis of the mother and adolescent interaction, taking account the maternal educative social skills, the negative practices, the context variables, the adolescent's social skills and the adolescent's behavior problems. The participants were 24 mothers, of wich 14 were related by sons like being risk style and 10 like being no risk style, that was identified by Parental Style Inventory. These mothers answered the Parental Social Educative Skills Script Interview - RE-HSE-P -and the Child Behavior Checklist- CBCL. The global analyses showed differences in the comparison of maternal social educative skills from the risk group and the non risk group for almost all the categories from RE-HSE-P: mother's educative social skills, maternal negatives practices, context situations, maternal negative practices frequencies, overall negative practices, overall positive practices, son's social skills and son's behavior problem. In general way, the non risk mother's told more often being educative social skills and less negative practices. By consequence your sons showed more social skills and less behavior problems... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T20:30:09Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 5815.pdf: 2852962 bytes, checksum: 636b06545e546530d496eb0aa5d73cdc (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-01-30 / Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais / Currently, there is strong evidence that the promotion of social skills and social competence is crucial to quality of socio-emotional development and prevention of behavior problem from early childhood. The literature shows that both social skills and social competence depend, ultimately, on self-monitoring. However, there is a set of conceptual and methodological challenges associated with the analysis and promotion of self-monitoring, especially with young children. In the present study, it is proposed to; (1) define operationally the term self-monitoring, (2) analyze its relationship with social skills and behavior problem, and (3) develop a self-monitoring resource to evaluate and analyze the effects of an intervention that combined specific procedures to promote it. This thesis is composed of four chapters. In chapter I, a behavioral definition of indicators of self-monitoring is proposed based on literature review, considering the fields of Social Skills and of Behavior Analysis. In Chapter II, the stages of construction of Illustrative Resource of Self-monitoring (RIAM) for assessment (RIAM-A) and for intervention (RIAM - I) in preschoolers are described. In Chapter III, a study is presented with the objective of verifying similarities and differences in behavioral indicators of self-monitoring evaluated by RIAM-A (self-description, description and choice of consequence) of 53 children, between five and six years old, divided into three groups (socially competent, with deficits in social skills, and internalizing behavior problem and externalizing or mixed behavior problem). The results indicated that children with social skills were better than children with behavior problem in selfmonitoring tasks, further verifying positive correlation between self-monitoring scores and social skills scores, and a negative correlation between self-monitoring scores and internalizing behavior problem. Finally, Chapter IV examined the effects of an intervention involving contingency analysis training and exposure to social contingencies in structured situations to promote self-monitoring and its impact on social skills, social competence and reducing behavior problems in preschool evaluated by RIAM-A and who presented difficulties in self-monitoring tasks. Individual sessions were carried out, which included: presentation of interactive situations in the form of drawing, discussion about the appropriateness or relevance of each response and probable consequences, followed by participation in structured presentation of the demand for social skills discussed previously. The results showed that, relative to a comparison group, children who took part in intervention had improved social skills, self-monitoring and social competence, but not reduction of behavior problem. The set of studies suggests the feasibility of research on self-monitoring in early childhood, proposing indicators, resources and procedures for assessment and intervention strategies for self-monitoring. The implications of the research are discussed in terms of theoretical, methodological, empirical and practical contributions. / Atualmente, há fortes evidências de que a promoção de habilidades sociais e de competências social é crucial para o desenvolvimento socioemocional de qualidade e prevenção de comportamentos-problema desde a infância. A literatura mostra que tanto as habilidades sociais como a competência social dependem, em ultima instância, da automonitoria. No entanto, há um conjunto de desafios conceituais e metodológicos associados à análise e promoção de automonitoria, especialmente em crianças pequenas. Propõe-se, no presente estudo, delimitar operacionalmente o conceito de automonitoria, analisar sua relação com habilidades sociais e com comportamentos-problema, desenvolver um recurso para avaliar automonitoria e analisar os efeitos de uma intervenção que combinou procedimentos específicos para promovê-la. A presente tese de doutorado está composta por quatro capítulos. O Capítulo I propõe, com base em revisão de literatura, uma definição comportamental de indicadores de automonitoria, considerando as perspectivas das Habilidades Sociais e da Análise do Comportamento. No Capítulo II, são descritas as etapas de construção do Recurso Ilustrativo de Automonitoria (RIAM) para avaliação (RIAM-A) e para intervenção (RIAM-I) em préescolares. No Capítulo III, apresenta-se um estudo com o objetivo verificar semelhanças e diferenças nos indicadores comportamentais de automonitoria avaliados pelo RIAM-A (autodescrição, descrição e escolha de consequência) de 53 crianças, entre cinco e seis anos, divididas em três grupos (socialmente competentes; com déficits em habilidades sociais e com comportamentos-problema internalizantes e com comportamentosproblema externalizantes ou mistos). Os resultados indicaram que crianças com habilidades sociais apresentaram melhores desempenhos em tarefas relacionadas à automonitoria do que crianças com comportamentos-problema, verificando-se, ainda, correlação positiva entre escores de automonitoria e de habilidades sociais e, negativa entre escores de automonitoria e de comportamento-problema internalizantes. Por fim, o Capítulo IV buscou analisar os efeitos de uma intervenção envolvendo treino de análise de contingências e exposição a contingências sociais em situações estruturadas para promoção de automonitoria e seu impacto sobre habilidades sociais, competência social e redução de comportamentos-problema em pré-escolares avaliados pelo RIAM-A que apresentavam dificuldade em tarefas de automonitoria. Foram realizadas sessões individuais compostas por: apresentação das situações interativas em forma de desenho, discussão sobre a adequação ou pertinência de cada resposta e prováveis consequências, seguida de participação em situações estruturadas com demanda para apresentação da habilidade social antes discutida. Os resultados mostraram que, em relação a um grupo de comparação, crianças participantes da intervenção obtiveram melhora em habilidades sociais, automonitoria e competência social, mas não redução de comportamentosproblema. O conjunto de estudos sugere a viabilidade de investigações sobre automonitoria na infância, propondo indicadores, recursos e procedimentos para sua avaliação e estratégias para intervenção. Discutem-se as implicações das investigações em termos de contribuições teóricas, metodológicas, empíricas e práticas.

Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-02T19:46:29Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 6121.pdf: 2090763 bytes, checksum: ac1a506ceddc2c76abf2174fe3c15d3e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2014-02-24 / Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos / Whereas the primary socialization of children happens within the family, where parents provide arrangements of reinforcement contingencies or offer models of behavior, including expanding and improving social skills classes. Childhood is considered a turning point for learning social skills, which are different classes of social behaviors present in the repertoire of an individual that promote a healthy and productive relationship with other people. Among the social skills, has the set of social skills specifically parental applicable to educational practices of their children, which is called parenting educative social skills (HSE-P). Many Brazilian studies have associated child behavior problems at HSE-P. Thus, this study aimed (a) establish and analyze the relationships between the parenting educative social skills repertoires, social skills of children and the occurrence of behavior problems of children; (b) compare the social skills and behavior problems of children, between the group of children whose parents have higher and lower educational repertoire of social skills and (c) compare the parenting educative social skills repertoire and the social skills repertoire of children between the group of children with more and less behavioral problems. Participated in the study 35 mothers and five fathers, with a mean age of 29 years (ranging from 19 to 66 years) of 40 children. These parents were responsible for 24 boys and 16 girls, aged between two and six years, attending public preschools in four cities in two states. Also responded to questionnaires 37 teachers, three male and 34 female. These teachers had, on average, 35 years of age ranging between 28 and 52 years. All had been teaching in regular class from kindergarten. To achieve the goals, have been applied the instruments Social Skills Rating System (SSRS) - version for parents and version for teachers and the Inventory of Social Educational Skills - IHSE-Del Prette, rather in the institution where the child studied or where participants indicated. Data were analyzed according to the standards of respective instruments. To establish relationships between variables Pearson's correlation test was used. The results indicated that parents had a higher frequency of HSE- P related to set boundaries, correct, control. The evaluation of the parents, the children were within the reference sample average for Social Skills and above average for Hyperactive behavior problems. According to the evaluation of teachers, these children were below average for Social Skills of Self-Control and Social Skills totals, and above average for problems of externalizing and internalizing behaviors. Significant positive correlations between HSE-P and social skills and academic performance of children, and significant and negative correlations between HSE-P and the problems of child behavior were found. As for comparative data, the group of children with parents with better repertoire of HSE-P showed better social skills related to Kindness, Assertiveness, Self / Civility, Passive Self and Self Defense. Children with higher levels of behavioral problems had lower social skills repertoire of Kindness, Self / Civility, Passive Self, Responsibility / Cooperation, Self-Control and Cooperation with peers. Overall, these data indicate that the better the repertoire of HSE-P, better social skills of children and lower the occurrence of behavior problems. So, intervention with parents with the goal of instrumentalize them can become a mechanism of protection effective to act in the primary prevention of child behavior problem, preventing these children are the target audience of Special Education since Childhood Education. / Considerando que a socialização primária da criança acontece no contexto familiar, onde os pais disponibilizam arranjos das contingências de reforço ou oferecem modelos de comportamento, ela tem possibilidades de aumentar seu repertório comportamental, inclusive ampliar e aprimorar classes de habilidades sociais. A infância é considerada um período decisivo para o aprendizado das habilidades sociais, que são diferentes classes de comportamentos sociais presentes no repertório de um indivíduo que favorecem um relacionamento saudável e produtivo com as demais pessoas. Dentre as habilidades sociais, tem-se o conjunto de habilidades sociais especificamente dos pais aplicáveis às práticas educativas de seus filhos, que é denominado habilidades sociais educativas parentais (HSE-P). Muitos estudos brasileiros têm associado problemas de comportamento infantil às HSE-P. Neste sentido, este estudo teve por objetivos (a) estabelecer e analisar relações entre o repertório de habilidades sociais educativas parentais, o repertório de habilidades sociais dos filhos e a ocorrência de problemas de comportamento das crianças; (b) comparar o repertório de habilidades sociais e os problemas de comportamento das crianças, entre o grupo de crianças cujos pais têm maior e menor repertório de habilidades sociais educativas e (c) comparar o repertório de habilidades sociais educativas parentais e o repertório de habilidades sociais das crianças, entre o grupo de crianças com mais e menos problemas de comportamentos. Participaram da pesquisa 35 mães e cinco pais, com média de idade de 29 anos (variando entre 19 e 66 anos) de 40 crianças. Estes pais eram responsáveis por 24 meninos e 16 meninas, com idades entre dois e seis anos, frequentando pré-escolas públicas de quatro cidades de dois estados brasileiros. Também responderam aos questionários 37 professores, sendo três do sexo masculino e 34 do sexo feminino. Estes professores tinham, em média, 35 anos de idade, variando entre 28 e 52 anos. Todos lecionavam em classe comum da Educação Infantil. Para responder aos objetivos, foram aplicados os instrumentos Social Skills Rating System (SSRS) Versão para Pais e Versão para Professores e o Inventário de Habilidades Sociais Educativas IHSE-Del Prette, preferencialmente na própria instituição onde a criança estudava ou no local onde os participantes indicaram. Os dados foram analisados de acordo com as normas dos respectivos instrumentos. Para estabelecer relações entre as variáveis foi utilizado o teste de correlação de Pearson. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que os pais apresentaram maior frequência de HSE-P relacionadas a Estabelecer limites, corrigir, controlar. Segundo a avaliação dos pais, as crianças apresentaram-se dentro da média da amostra referência para as Habilidades Sociais e acima da média para problemas de comportamento de Hiperatividade. Segundo avaliação dos professores, estas crianças se encontravam abaixo da média para Habilidades Sociais de Autocontrole e Habilidades Sociais totais, e acima da média para problemas de comportamentos externalizantes e internalizantes. Foram encontradas correlações significativas e positivas entre as HSE-P e as habilidades sociais e o desempenho acadêmico das crianças, e correlações significativas e negativas entre HSE-P e os problemas de comportamentos das crianças. Quanto aos dados comparativos, as crianças do grupo de pais com melhor repertório de HSE-P apresentaram melhor repertório de habilidades sociais relacionadas à Amabilidade, Asserção, Autocontrole/Civilidade, Autocontrole passivo e Autodefesa. Crianças com maiores índices de problemas de comportamentos apresentaram menor repertório de Habilidades Sociais de Amabilidade, Autocontrole/Civilidade, Autocontrole passivo, Responsabilidade/Cooperação, Autocontrole e Cooperação com pares. De forma geral, estes dados indicam que quanto melhor o repertório de HSE-P, melhor o repertório de habilidades sociais das crianças e menor a ocorrência de problemas de comportamento. Assim, intervenção com pais com o objetivo de instrumentalizá-los pode vir a ser um mecanismo de proteção eficaz para atuar na prevenção primária de problemas de comportamento infantil, evitando que estas crianças sejam públicoalvo da Educação Especial desde a Educação Infantil.