The purpose of this creative project was to develop a conceptual landscape plan for integrating residential development on an historically significant property, located at North Bend, Ohio, known as "Aston." The plan, designating areas suitable for residential development, was designed so that most of the features and elements of the property that defined its historic character were not destroyed or, at least, not unreasonably compromised. Priority was also placed on protecting the aesthetic and environmental qualities of the site. An inventory of the existing physical attributes (soil and bedrock geology, surface hydrology, topography, structures and other built features, etc.) of the property was conducted focusing on identification of historically significant elements. Additionally, written and photographic documentation established the general historic character and appearance of the property and identified important features that were no longer present in the current landscape. The documentation of the history of the property and its historic features was presented in narrative form (supported by historic and current photographs) in this study. It is probable that further documentation of this significant property is unlikely to occur since it is presently owned by a development company. The two areas of the property that were found to contain concentrations of historic resources (structures, drives, vegetation, walls, ponds, etc.) were designated as "Historic Core Areas" for preservation. Another area where the Ohio Department of Natural Resources had discovered a population of an endangered plant species was also withdrawn for preservation. Based on the implications of the physical attributes of the property, further areas were designated as unsuitable for development and will function as open "greenspaces" for the proposed community. The remaining acreage of the property constituted the areas designated as suitable for residential development. In these areas, the suggested road layout, lot sizes, siting of condominiums or housing structures, and pedestrian trails were designed. Finally, recommendations for guiding the more detailed design of the architectural and landscape architectural elements of the proposed residential development were presented. This completed creative project presents a suggestion for how modem residential development may be accommodated without substantially destroying the documented historic, environmental and aesthetic values of this significant property. / Department of Landscape Architecture

Reconnaissance of problems and parameters of square hollow profile bend. Finding (identification) of deformation of cross-section. Finding of suitability of unannealed material for component part. Finding of mechanical characteristics of welds and influence of their bend position. This finding was done on the basis of comparison of tensile tests and consequently aplicated to specific part where the suitability for use of unannealed material were proved.

[pt] Em consequência de modificações econômicas, populacionais e nos padrões de consumo, a utilização de água doce aumentou significativamente nos últimos 100 anos. Notoriamente, a medição mostra-se primordial para estimular a conservação da água. Sendo assim, esta dissertação tem por intuito contribuir para o aprimoramento das tecnologias dos hidrômetros, mais especificamente para medição do volume de água escoado em uma tubulação de unidades autônomas em edifícios. Com isso, o presente estudo objetiva avaliar a aplicabilidade de um sensor resistivo de filme fino (bend sensor), com diferentes revestimentos e comprimentos, para implementação em sistemas de medição individualizada de água. Além disso, a motivação deste trabalho é propor um hidrômetro utilizando as válvulas de controle de fluxo que, normalmente, já estão presentes nas instalações hidráulicas condominiais, evitando, assim, a necessidade de obras maiores em prédios antigos, que possuem medição coletiva de consumo de água. Metodologicamente, apresenta-se o sistema desenvolvido para as caracterizações eletromecânica e térmica do sensor, a simulação computacional do sensor realizada por meio do software Ansys e do circuito eletrônico feita no software LTspice (marca registrada) , o treinamento de uma rede neural artificial e as estimativas de volume a partir de pulsos trapezoidais. Os resultados obtidos permitiram avaliar, levando em consideração o tipo de revestimento, que o sensor revestido com poliéster possui um melhor comportamento para o hidrômetro proposto. Além disso, esta avaliação permitiu concluir que o bend sensor demonstrou viabilidade para ser utilizado como transdutor deste medidor volumétrico, podendo ser facilmente inserido dentro de algum componente hidráulico, como uma válvula de controle de fluxo, por exemplo. / [en] As a result of economic, population, and consumption patterns changes, the use of freshwater has increased significantly in the last 100 years. Notably, measurement is essential to encourage water conservation. Therefore, this dissertation aims to contribute to the advancement of water meter technologies, specifically for measuring the volume of water drained in a pipeline of autonomous units in buildings. Thus, the present study aims to evaluate the applicability of a thin-film resistive sensor (bend sensor) with different coatings and lengths for implementation in individualized water measurement systems. In addition, the motivation of this work is to propose a volumetric meter using flow control valves that, ordinarily, are already present in the buildings hydraulic installations, thus avoiding the need for large-scale works in old buildings, which have collective measurement of water consumption. Methodologically, it is presented the system developed for the electromechanical and thermal characterization of the sensor, the computational simulation of the sensor performed using the Ansys software, and of the electronic circuit designed in LTSpice (trademark) software, the training of artificial neural network and the volume estimates from trapezoidal pulses. The results obtained allowed us to assess that, taking into account the type of coating, the sensor coated with polyester has better behavior for the proposed hydrometer. In addition, this evaluation allowed to conclude that the bend sensor demonstrated the feasibility to be used as a transducer of this volumetric meter and can be easily inserted inside a hydraulic component, as a flow control valve, for example.

This thesis investigates the impact of upstream duct convolution on the plume development for high speed jets. In particular, investigations are carried out into an unconventional aero-engine exhaust systems comprised of a modified convergent-divergent rectangular nozzle where the converging section of the nozzle includes an S-bend in the duct. The motivation for this work comes from both the military and civilian sectors of the aerospace industry. The growing interest into highly efficient engines in the civilian sector and increasing complexities involved in stealth technologies for military applications has led to new design constraints on aero-engine exhaust systems that require further research into flows through more complex duct geometries. Due to a lack of experimental data into this area in the open literature validation studies are undertaken into flows through an S-bend duct and exhaust plume development from a rectangular convergent-divergent nozzle. The validation work is simulated using RANS CFD with common industrial turbulence models as well as LES with artificial inlet conditions. Subsequently, a CFD investigation into three unconventional aero-engine exhaust systems, with over-expanded conditions, with differing angles of curvature across the converging S-bend is undertaken using both RANS and LES methodologies governed by the validation work. As the curvature of the S-bend was increased it was found that the thrust and effective NPR both decrease. Whilst these changes were within acceptable levels (with some optimisation) for a circumferential extent of up to 53.1 the losses became prohibitive large at extents. For the ducts with a greater circumferential extents separation was seen to occur at the throat of the nozzle; this changes the design parameters of the nozzle leading to a higher Mach number and could potentially be harnessed to improve performance of the engine creating a `variable throat' nozzle. The impact of using different numerical solvers to simulate the flow through an unconventional aero-engine exhaust system has also been considered. The use of LES has shown that the octagonal, hexahedral and trapezoidal shapes initially observed in the development of the plumes of the RANS cases are likely to be an artifact caused by the RANS solver, as would the transverse total pressure gradients observed in the RANS cases at the nozzle exit as they are both absent from all of the LES results. Likewise the implementation of realistic inlet conditions has a significant impact on the development of the plume, particularly in the length of the potential core and the number of shock cells.

Logsdon River is a major, base-level stream within the Turnhole Bend Drainage basin of the Mammoth Cave System. The Logsdon River system has provided a unique opportunity to examine the geochemical evolution of a stream flowing through a major karst conduit that can be traversed for 10 km. This study examines CO2 inputs at the upstream portion of the river, which provide major control for the river’s hydrochemistry. Samples were collected from the upstream portion of Logsdon River at what is referred to as the S-188 sump and also nearby at Crowbar Dome over the course of 44 weeks from May 2012 through April 2013. The concentrations of CO2 for samples were calculated from field and laboratory analysis. The CO2 concentrations were examined during the study period to assess potential sources of CO2 input to the karst system in the context of seasonal variation. Seasonal fluctuations were found to be greatest in the near surface sample site, Crowbar Dome. Attenuation of seasonal variation of CO2 pressures in the upstream Logsdon River S-188 Sump suggests both surface inputs plus additional inputs of CO2 entering the system, perhaps from the decay of organic material in the saturated passages upstream beyond the accessible portion of the Logsdon River S-188 Sump. This in-cave source of CO2 has some control on hydrochemistry, and thus waterrock interaction and speleogenesis of the karst landscapes in south-central Kentucky

This thesis examines narrative articulations in the films Bend It Like Beckham, Bhaji on the Beach, and American Chai as a complicated conversation in relation to bicultural-identity construction in the Indian diaspora. Unpacking the way desi identities are managed in/as a quantum (third) space – one that is continuously shifting and deferred – the films exemplify how "desi" is a heterogeneous cultural "group" without a homeland from which to speak or to return. The narratives of these films are considered cultural translations that expose inter-generational culture-clashes in the spaces between Indian and Western cultures. Screenplay pedagogy was used as a methodology to (re)read analysis of the films, revealing the ways that different movies employ and reinscribe themes of the multicultural pastoral, the carnivalesque, and melodrama, respectively. This thesis concludes by opening up some of the places from which individuals enunciate their desi identities, including the possibilities for (self)reflection.

The Pi-cell is known to have the fastest response time amongst commercialised nematic LCD applications due to the bend configuration. The Bend configuration can be obtained when a high voltage is applied to a Pi-cell initially treated to have a splay configuration, but transition is complex because the splay and the bend states are topologically not identical. Although two possible mechanisms (anchoring breaking and order reconstruction) can explain the bend transition, it is still difficult to be certain of the mechanism in some cases. In this thesis, therefore, the bend transition mechanism in the Pi-cell is investigated. Whichever mechanism is present, the bend transition speed is expected to increase when a high voltage is applied to the cell. However, in some cases, the application of a higher voltage reduces the bend transition speed. These phenomena are discussed based on various experimental results, and the reasons are also discussed. Four different regimes are suggested depending on the bend transition speed change. From these results, it is possible to understand the best way to obtain the bend state quickly in a TFT-LCD in the Pi-cell mode. During the experiments, unexpected light leakage was observed in the extinction position. It was proved that the light leakage came from the residual twist angle caused by the manufacturing process. In addition, two new methods were suggested for measuring the residual twist angle from the light leakage. One of the methods, the analytic method, was extended to the TN-cell. Allowing for the residual twist angle in the Pi-cell, the reason for lower CR compared to other LCD modes is discussed, and methods are suggested in this thesis to improve the CR of Pi-cell devices.

O corticóide é usado nas várias especialidades médicas por ser um fármaco de potente efeito anti-inflamatório e imunossupressor, no entanto, é capaz de produzir algumas alterações metabólicas quando administrado por uso prolongado. Desta forma o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as possíveis alterações nas propriedades mecânicas de osso cortical e trabecular de coelhas albinas, quando submetidas à administração de corticoesteróide em altas doses e por tempo prolongado, através de ensaio mecânico de flexão em três pontos em tíbia e fêmures avaliados como estrutura, além de ensaios mecânicos em corpos de prova por flexão em três pontos em fêmures e compressão em vértebras (L5). Para o estudo foram utilizados 39 animais, divididos aleatoriamente em dois grupos, experimental (GE) e controle (GC). Estes grupos foram divididos em quatro subgrupos, sendo 2 experimentais e 2 controles. Na investigação estrutural foram avaliadas as tíbias e fêmures direito por ensaios mecânicos de flexão em 3 pontos, e na investigação como material foram realizados ensaios mecânicos de flexão em 3 pontos para fêmures e compressão para vértebras (L5) através de corpos de prova. A metodologia utilizada para esta pesquisa foi igual para todos os animais, no entanto, o grupo experimental foi administrado durante 21 dias com o medicamento metilprednisolona (Solumedron) diluída em solução salina numa proporção de 2 mg/Kg/dia, e o grupo controle foi somente administrada solução salina na mesma dosagem. Todos os ensaios mecânicos foram realizados na Máquina Universal de Ensaio do Laboratório de Bioengenharia - FMRP/USP. Durante os ensaios foram registrados os valores das deflexões e as respectivas cargas aplicadas, sendo posteriormente confeccionadas curvas carga versus deflexão para cada osso ensaiado. As propriedades mecânicas determinadas para os fêmures e tíbias analisadas de forma estrutural foram: a carga aplicada no limite de proporcionalidade, deflexão no limite de proporcionalidade, carga máxima, rigidez e a resiliência de cada osso. Já para os fêmures e vértebras analisados como material ósseo, foram avaliados suas tensões máximas através da curva carga versus deflexão. Comparações estatísticas foram realizadas entre os resultados encontrados, através do teste T-Student, com nível de significância estabelecido em 5% para todos os parâmetros analisados. Nas análises estatísticas entre os grupos investigados não foram observadas diferenças significativas em nenhuma das comparações, porém observou-se ao final deste estudo uma perda de peso corporal significativa do grupo experimental. Desta forma foi evidenciado através dos resultados encontrados nesta pesquisa que as propriedades mecânicas investigadas não apresentaram alterações significativas com o protocolo de administração de medicamento, sugerindo-se que novos experimentos sejam realizados, com modificações de dosagem e tempo de aplicação. / Corticoteroids are used in many clinical conditions because they present strong anti-inflammatory and imunessupressor activities. But, at the same time, they can cause many metabolic alterations and side effects mainly when there is prolonged. In the present research we studied the possible alterations caused by steroids on the mechanical properties of lamellar and trabecular bone of rabbits. The mechanical properties were assessed by bending tests performed on intact femurs and tibial as well as in samples of cortical bone. Compression tests were performed in L5 vertebral. Thirty-seven female rabbits were randomly distributes in one experimental group (EG-animals) and control (CG animals). Such groups were divided into four subgroups: two experimentals and two controls. The experimental animals received 2mg/kg/day of methylprednisolone (Solumedron ® ) during three weeks. The control animals received the same volume of intramuscular injections of saline, once a day, during three weeks. From the load x deformation curves the load and deflexion were obtained at the yielding point. The ultimate load as well as resilience were also obtained for the intact bones. When the specimens were analysed the ultimate tension was determined. The statisitical analyses did not show any difference between treated and untreated animals for the mechanical properties. But the treated animals showed a significant loose of body weight. We ful that such results require a deepening in the investigation.

This thesis consist of a theoretical study of propagation effects in optical waveguides, fibres and photonic crystals, with some comparison with experiment.¶ Chapter 1 gives a brief introduction with the current view of optical components in photonic integrated circuits and issues related to the loss mechanism.¶ In Chapter 2 the characteristics of single-mode propagation and transient effects in practical square- and rectangular-core buried channel planar waveguides are quantified, assuming a cladding which is unbounded in one transverse dimension and bounded in the other. The wavelength cut-off condition for the fundamental mode is determined when the cladding index is asymmetric and composed of step-wise, uniform index regions.¶ In Chapter 3, the application of segmented reflection gratings in planar devices that can function as either a single- or two-wavelength add/drop filter is investigated and a numerical technique developed in Chapter 2 is applied to the waveguides with high extinction ratio. The role of the segmented gratings is analogous to that of a blazed grating, but they can provide a higher reflectivity level at the Bragg wavelength, eliminate back reflection into the fundamental mode and provide arbitrarily small channel spacing in the two-wavelength case.¶ Chapters 4 address the problem of bend loss in a single-mode slab waveguide. A new theoretical strategy for reducing bend loss is presented and compared to existing designs. The results obtained in this chapter are the basis for the following two chapters.¶ Chapter 5 deals with bend loss in single-mode buried channel waveguides and demonstrates that the new strategy can lead to significant bend loss reduction when compared to other strategies, and, conversely, can be used to enhance bend loss for a fixed bend radius for application to devices such as optical attenuators.¶ In Chapter 6, a novel design of a variable optical attenuator based on a bent channel waveguide is proposed, realized by applying a new strategy for bend loss control in a polymer buried channel waveguide.¶ Chapter 7 investigates effects of the additional rings in a single mode step-index fibre on bend loss. It is supported with the experimental results of Ron Bailey from Optical the Fibre Technology Centre, University in Sydney.¶ In Chapter 8, bend loss of a one-dimensional photonic crystal is quantified and compared to bend loss of a standard single-mode slab waveguide and a bend-resistant waveguide.¶

The Late Neogene sedimentary sequence of the Murray Basin provides an excellent opportunity to examine paleoenvironmental change across southeastern Australia. A detailed stratigraphic analysis of sediments deposited within the basin in the last 10 Ma was undertaken to assess the influence of tectonic and eustatic processes on deposition. / Stratigraphic observations and radiogenic isotope analysis reveals the onset of deposition by 7.2 Ma with a transgressive episode that deposited the marine marls of the Bookpurnong Beds. Deposition was restricted to the central and eastern parts of the basin due to the Hamley Fault. In the west, subsurface elevation contours indicate the presence of incised paleodrainage channels above Miocene limestones, which facilitated the formation of a large estuary system at 5.3 Ma. The sediments of the Norwest Bend Formation were deposited within this western region, while further east, the Loxton-Parilla Sands strandplain deposited over 214 coastal ridges. The basal parts of this unit occur as lateral equivalents to the sediments of the Lower Norwest Bend Formation (in the west). Topographic and magnetic data reveal that tectonism was active during this period and resulted in the erosion and truncation of strandlines. / Tectonic evidence and an estimated minimum 28,037 year cyclicity between strandline sets, suggests that the Loxton-Parilla Sands strandlines do not represent an unbroken record of glacioeustatic change. The subaerial exposure of these sediments at approximately 3.0 Ma caused the formation of a calcareous karst above the Norwest Bend Formation and a ferruginous and/or silicious cap (the Karoonda Surface) above the Loxton-Parilla Sands. The stratigraphic position of these surfaces are indicative of a regional widespread unconformity. / The Douglas-Blackburn paleodrainage system in western Victoria was dammed during the Mid-Late Pliocene by uplift associated with the Padthaway High, which caused the formation of a 400,000 km2 lacustrine system, known as Lake Bungunnia. Topographic analysis indicates that Lake Bungunnia comprised at least four distinct sub-basins with water depths of up to 30 metres, with lake shorelines indicating that active tectonism occurred during this period. The resulting lack of sediment input to the coast caused the formation of the Kanawinka Escarpment, a large erosional scarp along the southern margin of the Padthaway High. / The geomorphology of the modern Murray Basin can be directly attributed to the demise of the Lake Bungunnia system. Movement along the Morgan Fault in the west at approximately 700 Ka, resulted in the draining and progressive drying of Lake Bungunnia as a breach was created along the Padthaway High. The Murray River gorge as observed today was incised following this episode. The modern Murray River (and playa lakes such as Lake Tyrell) occupy the lowest elevations along the former sub-basins of Lake Bungunnia. / The Late Neogene sedimentary sequence across the Murray Basin illustrates a complex interaction of eustatic and tectonic processes on deposition. Sedimentation within strandline, estuarine and lacustrine systems, particularly in the western Murray Basin, display evidence of significant tectonic control. This highlights the important role that neotectonic processes have played in shaping southeastern Australia.