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Submitted by CLARA OLIVEIRA (coliveira.ef@gmail.com) on 2017-04-19T21:09:35Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_CLARA LIMA DE OLIVEIRA.pdf: 528628 bytes, checksum: aa7d1df23b32034f1ce9f82190a5c2a7 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Auxiliadora da Silva Lopes (silopes@ufba.br) on 2017-04-20T19:47:00Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_CLARA LIMA DE OLIVEIRA.pdf: 528628 bytes, checksum: aa7d1df23b32034f1ce9f82190a5c2a7 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-20T19:47:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação_CLARA LIMA DE OLIVEIRA.pdf: 528628 bytes, checksum: aa7d1df23b32034f1ce9f82190a5c2a7 (MD5) / CNPq / A educação física, como área do conhecimento que trata da cultura corporal, tem papel importante no desenvolvimento do pensamento teórico dos indivíduos. Nos anos finais da educação básica (1º ao 3º anos do ensino médio) vemos a retirada progressiva desta enquanto componente curricular obrigatório. Com a contrarreforma do ensino médio, este processo se acelerou, condenando a juventude ao esvaziamento e rebaixamento da sua formação. Diante desta problemática, este estudo tem por objetivo responder à seguinte questão: quais são as contribuições da Pedagogia histórico-crítica e da Psicologia histórico-cultural para o trato com o conhecimento da cultura corporal no quarto ciclo de escolarização da abordagem crítico-superadora? Para responder a esta questão, traçamos os seguintes objetivos: Geral - compreender quais são os fundamentos pedagógicos e psicológicos necessários para o trato com o conhecimento da cultura corporal no quarto ciclo de escolarização (1º ao 3º anos do ensino médio) rumo à superação dos pseudoconceitos, tal como formulado pela abordagem crítico-superadora; Específicos: 1) explicar o lugar da educação física no ensino médio frente a disputa de projetos antagônicos de educação; 2) explicar o lugar da cultura corporal no desenvolvimento do pensamento teórico, a partir da Pedagogia histórico-crítica enquanto fundamento para a Psicologia histórico-cultural e a Psicologia histórico-cultural enquanto fundamento para a Pedagogia histórico-crítica; e 3) apontar e explicar quais são os fundamentos pedagógicos e psicológicos necessários no trato com o conhecimento no quarto ciclo de escolarização. Este estudo foi desenvolvido a partir de uma pesquisa bibliográfica e sob os pilares do materialismo histórico dialético e do método de exposição construído por Enguita (1993). Deste percurso concluímos que é necessário tratar o conhecimento da cultura corporal a partir de fundamentos pedagógicos e psicológicos sustentados nas concepções histórico-cultural de desenvolvimento, de adolescência, referenciados no projeto histórico comunista que permitam ao professor, através do trabalho educativo, estabelecer relações singulares, particulares e universal da cultura corporal enquanto produção humana com os seus conteúdos de ensino, permitindo aos adolescentes superar a contradição entre homem e trabalho rumo ao desenvolvimento do pensamento teórico. / ABSTRACT The physical education, as an area of knowledge dealing with body culture, plays an important role in the development of individuals' theoretical thinking. In the final years of basic education (1st to 3rd year of high school) we see the progressive withdrawal of this as a compulsory curricular component. With the counterreformation of high school, this process accelerated, condemning the youth to the emptying and relegation of their formation. Faced with this problem, this study aims to answer the following question: What are the contributions of historical-critical Pedagogy and historical-cultural Psychology for dealing with the knowledge of body culture in the fourth cycle of schooling of the critical-overcoming approach? To answer this question, we outline the following objectives: General - to understand the pedagogical and psychological fundamentals necessary to deal with the knowledge of body culture in the fourth cycle of schooling (1st to 3rd year of high school) towards overcoming pseudo-concepts, as formulated by the critical-overcoming approach; Specific: 1) explain the place of physical education in high school facing the dispute of opposing education projects; 2) to explain the place of body culture in the development of theoretical thinking, starting from historical-critical pedagogy as a foundation for historical-cultural psychology and historical-cultural psychology as a foundation for historical-critical pedagogy, and 3) to point out and explain the pedagogical and psychological foundations needed to deal with knowledge in the fourth cycle of schooling. This study was developed from a bibliographical research and under the pillars of dialectical historical materialism and the exposure method constructed by Enguita (1993). From this trajectory we conclude that it is necessary to treat the knowledge of the body culture from pedagogical and psychological foundations sustained in the historical-cultural conceptions of development, of adolescence, referenced in the communist historical project that allow the teacher through the educational work to establish singular, Individual and universal body culture as human production with its teaching content, allowing adolescents to overcome the contradiction between man and work towards the development of theoretical thinking.

Submitted by Cristine Pires (cristinelpires@yahoo.com.br) on 2015-03-24T01:47:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Cristine Pires_Tese.pdf: 2265301 bytes, checksum: 3777dc0a497fed73a52c930bbe368580 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Maria Auxiliadora da Silva Lopes (silopes@ufba.br) on 2015-03-26T14:00:20Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Cristine Pires_Tese.pdf: 2265301 bytes, checksum: 3777dc0a497fed73a52c930bbe368580 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T14:00:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Cristine Pires_Tese.pdf: 2265301 bytes, checksum: 3777dc0a497fed73a52c930bbe368580 (MD5) / CNPQ e CAPES / O presente trabalho consiste em uma pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa que tem como base a relação dialógica construída com os participantes, em um estudo de caso no bairro Plataforma - Subúrbio Ferroviário de Salvador - Bahia, Brasil. Objetivou-se investigar o processo de produção audiovisual e as contribuições da linguagem e produção imagética para formação dos sujeitos, jovens que frequentam a educação básica pública, visando fundamentar a práxis pedagógica, a partir da autonomia dos educandos como Sujeitos que fazem escolhas e projetam coletivamente ações/produtos que ressiginificam seus valores e identidade comunitária. Buscou-se desvelar os sentidos e significados da vida da comunidade, da história construída no cotidiano escolar, do corpo e cultura dos sujeitos que são fundamentais para a formação humana emancipatória. Utilizou-se os registros imagéticos produzidos conjuntamente com os jovens como base de análise, e a história do tempo presente construída no decorrer desse processo. Essa investigação permite constatar alguns impactos na relação dos alunos com a produção imagética e com as representações deles como sujeitos que ressignificam sua comunidade e consequentemente sua identidade e poder de ação. A possibilidade de produzirem vídeos se apresenta como um espaço diferenciado onde podem falar e serem ouvidos na escola e na comunidade. Nesta perspectiva os educandos se apresentam como Sujeitos desse processo e têm a produção imagética como um território com função social histórica de desvelar os saberes que são tecidos nas comunidades e de ressignificar os saberes que são apreendidos na escola. Considera-se fundamental esta reflexão acadêmica para superar a lógica pedagógica hegemônica na educação básica brasileira de silenciamento e exclusão do corpo e da cultura, das vozes e das emoções do Sujeito Histórico no espaço escolar. / ABSTRAC This study consists of a qualitative approach that is based on the dialogical relationship built with the participants in a case study in the Platform neighborhood - Suburban Rail Salvador - Bahia, Brazil. This study aimed to investigate the process of audiovisual production and the contributions of language and imagery production training of the subjects, children who attend public basic education, aiming to support pedagogical praxis, from the autonomy of learners as subjects who make choices and collectively design actions / products ressiginificam their values and community identity. We sought to uncover the meanings of community life, of history built in everyday school life, body, and culture of the subjects that are fundamental to human emancipatory education. We used the pictorial records produced jointly with young people as a basis for analysis, and the history of this time built in that process. This allows investigation finds some impacts in respect of pupils with image production and representations of them as subjects who resignify their community and consequently their identity and power of action. The possibility of producing videos is presented as a distinctive space where they can speak and be heard at school and in the community. In this perspective the students present themselves as subjects of this process and have the image production as a territory with historical social function of revealing the knowledge in communities that are woven and reframe the knowledge that are learned in school. It is essential that academic reflection to overcome the hegemonic pedagogical logic in the Brazilian basic education silencing and exclusion of body and culture, the voices and emotions of the Subject in school history / RÉSUMÉ Cette étude est une approche qualitative qui est basé sur la relation dialogique construite avec les participants à une étude de cas dans le quartier de Plataforma - Suburban Ferroviaire de Salvador - Bahia, Brésil. Cette étude visait à examiner le processus de la production audiovisuelle et les contributions de la langue et de l'imagerie à la formation des sujets, les jeunes qui fréquentent l'enseignement public de base, visant à soutenir la praxis pédagogique, à partir de l'autonomie des apprenants comme des sujets qui font des choix et conçoivent collectivement des actions / produits qui signifient leurs valeurs et l'identité de la communauté. Nous avons tenté de découvrir les sens et significations de la vie communautaire, de l'histoire construite dans la routine de l'école, du corps et de la culture des sujets qui sont fondamentaux à la formation humaine émancipatrice. Nous avons utilisé les documents iconographiques produits conjointement avec les jeunes en tant que base pour l'analyse et l'histoire du temps présent construite dans ce processus. Cette enquête permet de constater certains effets à l'égard des élèves par rapport à la production d’images et à leurs représentations comme sujets qui signifient leur communauté et par conséquent leur identité et leur pouvoir d'action. La possibilité qu’ils puissent produire des vidéos s’est présenté comme un espace différent, où ils peuvent parler et être entendus à l'école et dans la communauté. Dans cette perspective, les apprenants se présentent en tant que Sujets de ce processus et ont la production de l'image comme un territoire avec une fonction sociale historique de révéler les connaissances qui sont tissées dans les communautés et de recadrer les connaissances qui sont apprises à l'école. Cette réflexion académique est essentielle à surmonter la logique pédagogique hégémonique de l'éducation de base du Brésil et de l'exclusion du corps et de la culture, des voix et des émotions du Sujet Historique dans l’espace scolaire

The topic of this diploma thesis is body modification culture phenomenon called 'suspension'. It is a voluntary act of suspending a human body from hooks or piercings that have been temporarily pierced through the skin. Suspension is an age-old technique practiced for example by North American Indian Mandan tribe. It has been brought to the modern era and body modification culture by modern primitives. The part of the thesis is a placement of suspension to the broader sociocultural and historical context, there will be also space for development of concept of body, embodiment and pain in the western word and ritual aspect of suspension. The source for this work is mainly accessible literature, internet pages dedicated to body modifications and participant observation completed with interviews with people who had been suspended.

For almost 200 years the University College of Physical Education and Sports in Stockholm (former Royal Central Institute of Gymnastics; GCI later GIH; Stockholm College of Physical Education and Sports) has been educating PE teachers - and still does. In the very beginning and throughout the first 100 years, gymnastics was a major part of the studies at the institute, and also in ordinary schools. Early gymnastics were invented by Per Henrik Ling, the father of the Swedish Ling gymnastics, and later developed by his son, Hjalmar Ling. The part of the Ling system called pedagogical gymnastics, consisted of “daily gymnastic training exercises”, which showed how gymnastics should be taught and performed. The aim of this thesis is to follow and describe gymnastics as a subject and its development at the PE teacher-training programme at GCI/GIH. Special attention is placed on the movement part without apparatus (the floor exercise) for male and female students. The time period studied is 1944 to 1992. The thesis consists of two separate empirical studies, with a shared interview study of 12 former teacher educators participating in both studies. Besides the above-mentioned interviews, the methods used are document analyses and visual analyses. Triangulation is used in order to follow the changes of the subject’s content, figuration and representation. The first empirical study investigates the institution of gymnastics’- collective memory, its content and legitimacy. This is done by looking at what time was allotted to the subject in relation to other subjects, and also which concepts were used in relation to floor exercise. The interviews deal with the objectives of the subject and what kind of influences the former teacher educators came in contact with. From a semiotic approach, the second study deals with visual analyses of film sequences, with floor exercises performed by male and female students. (See enclosed CD). The film material comes from the Institute’s events. The content and composition of the film sequences are analysed, and the representation of the movements is interpreted by semiotic discourse analyses. The interview study deals with the former teacher educators’ pedagogical view of the formation of the gymnastics. The results show that in 1944 the subject gymnastics took approximately 40% of the total study time. In 1992 the time allocated for gymnastics has been reduced to approximately 9%. From the 1940s to the 1970s, two separate gymnastics discourses existed, one male and one female, expressed in the movement content and in the figuration of movements. The male discourse was maintained almost intact, without any changes. The female discourse, on the other hand, was continually changed and developed over the actual period of time, strongly influenced by rhythmic and dance. When coeducation was implemented in the late 1970s, a new culture of body movements was developed – which was unisex. Between 1949 and1970 in the film material, the masculine discourse was represented by the body image of a systematically trained and disciplined body, executing corrective gymnastics exercises, according to an instrumental way of looking at physical training. The smooth, healthy looking young body image of a woman, executing rhythmical aesthetical gymnastics, according to existing values, characterised the feminine discourse. There seems to have been aesthetics fostering rationality that ruled the female gymnastics. In 1985 the representation of the body image changed, and focus on the performance of the movements disappeared. The objectives of the subject have changed from the collective, corrective and/or aesthetical form of gymnastics to a gymnastic discourse where the attention of simplifying the movements, the individual and the social climate in the group are central. Finally, the findings show that four factors have influenced the changes and development of the subject and the teacher-training programme. Firstly, changes in society in terms of equality, gender roles and a changed role of the PE teacher. Secondly, the impact of the sport discourse outweighed the status of the gymnastics discourse and its legitimacy. The cultivating values, in terms of the aesthetical schooling for the female students, disappeared. Thirdly, the striving for research-related instructions in the teachertraining programme, (urged by the state from 1977) affected both time allotments for gymnastics and sports and the relation between theoretical and practical courses. Finally, over the years, the subject gymnastics has been strongly influenced by different scientific discourses: first the medical discourse, followed by the physiological discourse and from the1980s and on, by the social scientific (pedagogical) discourse.