Learning to Stand on Shifting Sands: Sonoran Desert Capitalism, Alliance Politics, and Social Change offers a comparative analysis of activisms, labor organizing, and production practices in southern Arizona between 1999 and 2003. Using a combination of political economy, queer/feminist theory, transdisciplinary critical cultural studies, and discourse analysis, the research analyzes the broad social and ideological contexts, the tactics, the contradictions and the attempts and lost opportunities for building broader alliances for radical social change in contemporary Arizona. The case studies reckon with this experience, arguing that: Arizona's migrant workers have been strategically produced via media practices, border militarization, "development" discourse, and global production practices as flexible post-NAFTA commodities that enable formidable nationalist and heteronormative representation and political economic practices within the Sonoran desert border region. That local activism and labor organizing draws upon neoliberal "development" discourse strategies, and also breaks from these strategies in ways that suggests that the terms of production and exchange might be usefully applied towards outcomes that are outside of profit accumulation. That alliance practices that take structures and discourses of domination into account in estimations of value, even in production, can promote broader collaborations between activist organizations, cultural identities and single-issue politics. A politics of alliance that accounts for the interdependence of seemingly disparate practices of production, social oppression and culture might help invigorate contemporary grass roots struggles and promote social transformation.

The most recent couple of years the boundaries of the world have been erased and we have come to live in a more global environment. It has been even more evident since the European Union has got a more prominent role in the society. It appears as obvious for most of us that we live in a changeable time and that a new, global perspective has been developed. Companies have to focus on the effect globalization and differences in culture have, to be competitive in the market today. Because of that business managers more often can come to work in other countries than their country of origin, it becomes interesting whether these managers adapt their management style or if they continue to work the same way as they did in their native country. This thesis aims to investigate if business managers with a foreign background bring along their national culture when managing a company in Sweden. Further more we want to revise which these factors could be and in what way they affect the leadership in a different country than the country of origin. To answer our purpose we have carried out a survey in four French companies in Sweden which are led by a French leader. With these leaders we have performed draught interviews and we have also sent out a questionnaire to two co-workers in each company. We have got an insight in the national distinctive features that characterize the respective culture by going through theories about stereotyped Swedish and French management styles. Besides that, theories about organisational culture have been studied from different perspectives. After we analyzed our empirical data against chosen theories we have been able to draw conclusions to answer our purpose. From the survey it emerged that leadership in different cultures can be problematic if certain adaptation to the host country does not occur. It also came to light that what the managers bring from their national culture is a sort of French base structure regarding how the company is led generally. / Ces dernières années, les frontières nationales sont devenues de plus en plus floues, et nous vivons aujourd’hui dans un environnement de plus en plus global. Ce phénomène est devenu encore plus évident depuis que l’importance de l’Union Européenne dans notre société s’accentue. La plupart de nous voient le fait de vivre dans une ère changeable, comme un fait évident, et nous voyons apparaître une nouvelle perspective globale. Les entreprises doivent par conséquent être attentives aux effets de la globalisation et des différences culturelles pour pouvoir être compétitives sur le marché d’aujourd’hui. Puisque les leaders d’entreprises peuvent être amenés à travailler dans d’autres pays que leurs pays d’origine, il est intéressant de voir s’ils adaptent leur manière de diriger l’entreprise ou s’ils continuent de travailler de la même manière que dans leurs pays natal. Ce mémoire vise à examiner si un leader d’entreprise étranger apporte des éléments de sa culture nationale lorsqu’il dirige une entreprise en Suède. Nous voulons pour cette raison examiner quels peuvent être ces éléments et de quelle(s) manière(s) ils influencent le leadership dans un autre pays que leur pays natal. En vue de répondre à notre objectif avec ce dossier, nous avons effectué une recherche sur quatre entreprises françaises en Suède, dirigées par un leader d’origine française. Nous avons effectué une entrevue avec chaque leader et avons en plus de cela distribué une enquête à deux employés de chaque entreprise. En analysant des théories sur les styles de leadership propre à la Suède et à la France, nous avons eu un aperçu des caractéristiques nationales qui marquent les deux cultures. Nous avons ensuite étudié différentes théories sur la culture de l’organisation sous plusieurs angles. Après avoir étudié les données qui portent sur nos entrevues et nos enquêtes, et les avoir comparées aux théories choisies, nous avons pu en tirer les conclusions suivantes. Il s’est montré que des problèmes peuvent apparaître dans le leadership dans d’autres cultures si aucune adaptation à la nouvelle culture ne se fait. Il s’est également avéré que le principal élément que les leaders emportent de leurs propres cultures nationales est une sorte de structure de base qui porte sur la manière générale de diriger l’entreprise. / De senaste åren har världens gränser suddats ut och vi har kommit att leva i en alltmer global omgivning. Det har blivit än mer påtagligt sedan EU har fått en i högre grad framträdande roll i samhället. Det framstår som självklart för de allra flesta att vi lever i en föränderlig tid och att ett nytt globalt perspektiv vuxit fram. Företag måste fokusera på den effekt globalisering och kulturskillnader har för att kunna vara konkurrenskraftiga på marknaden idag. I och med att företagsledare allt oftare kan komma att jobba i andra länder än deras ursprungsland blir det då intressant huruvida dessa ledare anpassar sin ledarstil eller om de fortsätter att arbeta på samma sätt som i deras hemland. Uppsatsen syftar till att undersöka om en företagsledare med utländsk bakgrund för med sig sin nationella kultur vid styrning av ett företag i Sverige. Vidare vill vi granska vilka dessa faktorer skulle kunna vara och på vilket sätt de påverkar ledarskapet i ett annat land än hemlandet. För att besvara vårt syfte har vi genomfört en undersökning på fyra franska företag i Sverige som leds av en fransk ledare. Med dessa ledare har djupgående intervjuer utförts och vi har även skickat ut enkätfrågor till två medarbetare på respektive företag. Genom att sedan studera teorier om stereotypa svenska och franska ledarstilar har vi fått en inblick i de nationella särdrag som präglar respektive kultur. Därtill har sedan teorier om organisationskultur studerats ur olika perspektiv. Efter att ha analyserat våra empiriska data mot valda teorier har vi kunnat dra följande slutsatser för att besvara vårt syfte. Från vår undersökning framkom det att ledarskap i andra kulturer kan vara problematiskt om inte viss anpassning till värdlandet sker. Det visade sig även att det som ledarna för med sig från sin nationella kultur är en slags fransk grundstruktur som handlar om hur företaget ska styras generellt.

Vienas esminių valstybės apibrėžimo komponentų yra teritorinio vientisumo pabrėžimas. Valstybės teritoriją riboja sienos, kurios žymį vietą ties, kuria baigiasi vienos valstybės galia ir prasideda kitos. Disertacijos tyrimo objektas – latviai, Lietuvos–Latvijos pasienio gyventojai, jų tautinio tapatumo raida. Darbo tikslas: išanalizuoti Lietuvos–Latvijos (iki 1918 m. Kauno ir Kuršo gubernijų) pasienio gyventojų tapatumo raidą 1918–1940 m., įvertinti tautybės ir valstybės santykį šiame pasienyje. Uždaviniai: apžvelgti latvių tautinės mažumos formavimąsi Kauno ir Kuršo gubernijos pasienyje; išanalizuoti Lietuvos–Latvijos sienos nustatymo eigą 1920–1922 m.; aptarti valstybės galios apraiškas Lietuvos–Latvijos pasienyje 1918–1940 m.; išanalizuoti latvių, Lietuvos–Latvijos pasienio gyventojų, tautinio tapatumo apraiškas 1918–1940 m. Darbe analizuojama kaip kito pasienio gyventojų tapatumas 1918–1940 m. Pokytį atskleidžia administracinės linijos svarbos kaita. Iki Lietuvos ir Latvijos nepriklausomybės paskelbimo 1918 m. ta pati administracinė linija skyrė du tai pačiai valstybei, Rusijos imperijai, priklausiusius administracinius vienetus Kauno ir Kuršo gubernijas, o po Pirmojo pasaulinio karo ši linija skyrė dvi nepriklausomas valstybes. Darbe nagrinėjama kaip valstybės sieną suvokė pasienio gyventojai, kurios valstybės įtaką jie patyrė, kaip ir kodėl valstybė kontroliavo pasienio zonos gyventojų veiklą ir kaip tai pasireiškė kasdienybėje. XX a. trečiojo dešimtmečio pradžioje... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Each state has its borders. Emphasis on territorial integrity is one of the key components in a definition of a state. Therefore, borders represent a natural part of a state indicating what belongs to the state and what is outside the boundaries of its territory. At the same time existing of a border poses both legal and ethnic problems to population of border regions. Though those problems are not specific to border regions and are faced by people living deeper inside a state, however, population of border regions experience consequences of these problems much more acutely and painfully than people living in the middle of a country. What does it mean to be an inhabitant of a border zone? What does it mean to be a “Lithuanian”? Who is “Latvian”? How did a “Latvian” become a “Lithuanian”? How citizenship is contrasted with nationality? What caused a decision to take Lithuanian or Latvian citizenship? What caused a decision to become a member of one nation or the other? Period 1918–1940 has been selected because the most important moment in formation of national and citizen identity was emergence of the Republic of Lithuania and the Republic of Latvia and setting of the administrative boundary between these two republics in 1921. Identity as such is not finite; therefore it is important to evaluate factors, which in time had determined decisions of people living in the border region to take Latvian or Lithuanian citizenship, and to analyze the relationship between a... [to full text]

Each state has its borders. Emphasis on territorial integrity is one of the key components in a definition of a state. Therefore, borders represent a natural part of a state indicating what belongs to the state and what is outside the boundaries of its territory. At the same time existing of a border poses both legal and ethnic problems to population of border regions. Though those problems are not specific to border regions and are faced by people living deeper inside a state, however, population of border regions experience consequences of these problems much more acutely and painfully than people living in the middle of a country. What does it mean to be an inhabitant of a border zone? What does it mean to be a “Lithuanian”? Who is “Latvian”? How did a “Latvian” become a “Lithuanian”? How citizenship is contrasted with nationality? What caused a decision to take Lithuanian or Latvian citizenship? What caused a decision to become a member of one nation or the other? Period 1918–1940 has been selected because the most important moment in formation of national and citizen identity was emergence of the Republic of Lithuania and the Republic of Latvia and setting of the administrative boundary between these two republics in 1921. Identity as such is not finite; therefore it is important to evaluate factors, which in time had determined decisions of people living in the border region to take Latvian or Lithuanian citizenship, and to analyze the relationship between a... [to full text] / Vienas esminių valstybės apibrėžimo komponentų yra teritorinio vientisumo pabrėžimas. Valstybės teritoriją riboja sienos, kurios žymį vietą ties, kuria baigiasi vienos valstybės galia ir prasideda kitos. Disertacijos tyrimo objektas – latviai, Lietuvos–Latvijos pasienio gyventojai, jų tautinio tapatumo raida. Darbo tikslas: išanalizuoti Lietuvos–Latvijos (iki 1918 m. Kauno ir Kuršo gubernijų) pasienio gyventojų tapatumo raidą 1918–1940 m., įvertinti tautybės ir valstybės santykį šiame pasienyje. Uždaviniai: apžvelgti latvių tautinės mažumos formavimąsi Kauno ir Kuršo gubernijos pasienyje; išanalizuoti Lietuvos–Latvijos sienos nustatymo eigą 1920–1922 m.; aptarti valstybės galios apraiškas Lietuvos–Latvijos pasienyje 1918–1940 m.; išanalizuoti latvių, Lietuvos–Latvijos pasienio gyventojų, tautinio tapatumo apraiškas 1918–1940 m. Darbe analizuojama kaip kito pasienio gyventojų tapatumas 1918–1940 m. Pokytį atskleidžia administracinės linijos svarbos kaita. Iki Lietuvos ir Latvijos nepriklausomybės paskelbimo 1918 m. ta pati administracinė linija skyrė du tai pačiai valstybei, Rusijos imperijai, priklausiusius administracinius vienetus Kauno ir Kuršo gubernijas, o po Pirmojo pasaulinio karo ši linija skyrė dvi nepriklausomas valstybes. Darbe nagrinėjama kaip valstybės sieną suvokė pasienio gyventojai, kurios valstybės įtaką jie patyrė, kaip ir kodėl valstybė kontroliavo pasienio zonos gyventojų veiklą ir kaip tai pasireiškė kasdienybėje. XX a. trečiojo dešimtmečio pradžioje... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]

Magistro baigiamajame darbe nagrinėjama Lietuvos Respublikos ir kaimyninių valstybių sienų raida ir bendra charakteristika, Europos Sąjungos valstybių sienų charakteristika ir demarkavimo ypatumai, Lietuvos Respublikos valstybės sienos delimitavimo, demarkavimo ir apsaugos svarba ir jų reglamentavimas nacionaliniuose, Europos Sąjungos ir kituose teisės aktuose. Atliekamas mokslinis tyrimas ir analizuojamos teisinės ir praktinės Lietuvos Respublikos valstybės sienos demarkavimo problemos, stabdančios demarkavimo darbus ir demarkuotos valstybės sienos linijos įteisinimą, pareikalavusios nemažai papildomų lėšų, o taip pat atsiradę aplinkybės neteisingam valstybės sienos linijos nustatymui. Darbe pateikiami išvados ir pasiūlymai dėl Lietuvos Respublikos valstybės sienos demarkavimo proceso optimizavimo. Tinkamas Lietuvos valstybės sienų nustatymas turi ypatingą reikšmę Lietuvos Respublikos teritorijos vientisumui ir valstybės suverenumui. Siekiant užtikrinti patikimą ir Europos Sąjungos reikalavimus atitinkantį išorės sienų apsaugos lygį, būtina, kad valstybių sienos būtų demarkuotos (nustatytos) ir juridiškai įteisintos. Vienas iš prioritetų, užtikrinant šalies nacionalinį saugumą yra patikima, Europos Sąjungos ir Šengeno šalių reikalavimus atitinkanti valstybės sienos apsauga ir jos kontrolė, ypatingą dėmesį skiriant išorės Europos Sąjungos sienos apsaugos užtikrinimui. Lietuvos Respublikos valstybės siena su Baltarusijos Respublika ir su Rusijos Federacija yra išorės ES sienos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / This master’s thesis analyses the course of development of the border of Lithuania and the neighbouring counties and provides their general characteristics, analyses general characteristics and demarcation peculiarities of the borders of the EU states, the importance of such aspects of Lithuania’s border as its delimitation, demarcation and ensuring of the border security as well as relevant regulations set forth in the national, EU and other legal acts. A scientific research is made in regard to those legal and practical issues of the demarcation of the state border of the Republic of Lithuania, which impede the demarcation works and legalization of the demarcated border line and which make the process additional money consuming, as well as the circumstances of establishing an incorrect state border line. The thesis provides conclusions and proposals in regard to optimization of the border demarcation. A proper determination of the state borders of the Republic of Lithuania is of utmost importance to the territorial integrity and sovereignty of the country. Demarcation and legitimization of the state border is an obligatory condition ensuring a reliable border security level in compliance with the EU requirements. As regards the national security, one of the priorities is an efficient protection and control of the state borders in conformity with the EU and Schengen requirements, especially those of protection of external EU borders. Due to the fact that Lithuania’s... [to full text]

Principles of business management are increasingly being used to analyze health care systems. Conceptualizing health care as business networks offers the possibility to apply the ARA model of Actors, Resources and Activities to understand the functioning of the system. We have used this model to study the phenomenon of networking in cross-border care using Uppsala University Hospital as a research case. The aim of the study was to understand actor’s perceptions of networking activities and how these related with international sales of health care services. We collected primary data through five interviews with managers involved in internationalization and a survey study with 26 managers at the hospital. Secondary data on patient flows and research activity was collected from hospital and university records. The main actors identified in the health care networks are doctors with professional identity being an important facilitating factor. Patient´s role as active participators in the system is increasing while researchers, innovators and key opinion leaders are also important. Networking activities consist of knowledge transfer via lecturing, meetings and external consulting activities. Resources in the form of supporting clinics, research centers and administrative services correlate positively with the level of internationalization. The study identifies networking activities as important for internationalization and cross-border sales of health care services. We conclude that the ARA model is a valuable instrument for analyzing cross border activities and internationalization of health care.

無 / Walls provide not only physical but also ideological boundaries between neighbors. They can be seen as a symbol of protection or segregation. Using as stimulus the security fence between Mexico and the United States, this study aims to identify the main frames in American and Mexican political cartoons to decode the different messages and symbolism towards the border wall through which one can understand the U.S.-Mexico border issue as seen in the newspapers from the two countries. Using a qualitative analysis, the thesis studies 34 American and 69 Mexican cartoons from dailies that are representative of the press in the two countries. The cartoons evidence the use of six frames and symbolism: Death of migrants and the renegotiation of NAFTA were exclusively used by the Mexican papers. The freedom issue and the divisive nature of the wall balanced in both countries’ cartoons and the main preoccupations of the United States cartoons concerned the country’s double standard of hiring illegal migrant laborers while at the same rejecting an immigration agreement with Mexico. This study’s original contribution serves as a small step in the long road of empirical database expansion in framing political cartoons and the symbolism behind the portrayal of barriers.

The principal sanctuaries of Attica outside the asty were situated in strategically important positions at the territorial limits of Athens. It will be argued that the sanctuaries placed on the frontiers of Attica were important nodes in the social construction, expression and implementation of Athenian territoriality. Sanctuaries which accommodated polis-level cults outside the urban centre provided the Athenians with a highly visible means of demarcating and communicating the extent of their territorial sovereignty. These religious sites developed in a visually conspicuous manner at a time when the territorial and social boundaries between the Athenians and neighbouring communities were crystallising. From an early stage in the development of the sanctuary sites of Attica, they played an instrumental role in defining the extent of Athenian territory, a space imbued with meaning in terms of claims of sovereignty and membership within the Athenian community. During the Archaic period, the border sanctuaries of Attica and the cults which they accommodated were elaborated, augmenting Athenian claims to contested borderlands and enhancing the prestige of the polis. The relative ranking and status of Athens in her interpolis relations was thereby enhanced, allowing the Athenians to reduce the threat of invasion of the chora. Following the Persian Wars, the sanctuaries continued to disseminate messages of the power and status of Athens, now hegemon of the Delian League. The structures and rites of the border sanctuaries reified the hegemonic power of Athens. When, during the long and bitter conflict of the Peloponnesian War, it became necessary to control the points of access into Athenian territory along the coastline, Rhamnous and Sounion were fortified. In the Late Classical period, the military role of a number of these sanctuaries was institutionalised. Fortification walls were augmented and refurbished and ephebic involvement in rites and festivals attested the close connection between religious and military activity.

The principal sanctuaries of Attica outside the asty were situated in strategically important positions at the territorial limits of Athens. It will be argued that the sanctuaries placed on the frontiers of Attica were important nodes in the social construction, expression and implementation of Athenian territoriality. Sanctuaries which accommodated polis-level cults outside the urban centre provided the Athenians with a highly visible means of demarcating and communicating the extent of their territorial sovereignty. These religious sites developed in a visually conspicuous manner at a time when the territorial and social boundaries between the Athenians and neighbouring communities were crystallising. From an early stage in the development of the sanctuary sites of Attica, they played an instrumental role in defining the extent of Athenian territory, a space imbued with meaning in terms of claims of sovereignty and membership within the Athenian community. During the Archaic period, the border sanctuaries of Attica and the cults which they accommodated were elaborated, augmenting Athenian claims to contested borderlands and enhancing the prestige of the polis. The relative ranking and status of Athens in her interpolis relations was thereby enhanced, allowing the Athenians to reduce the threat of invasion of the chora. Following the Persian Wars, the sanctuaries continued to disseminate messages of the power and status of Athens, now hegemon of the Delian League. The structures and rites of the border sanctuaries reified the hegemonic power of Athens. When, during the long and bitter conflict of the Peloponnesian War, it became necessary to control the points of access into Athenian territory along the coastline, Rhamnous and Sounion were fortified. In the Late Classical period, the military role of a number of these sanctuaries was institutionalised. Fortification walls were augmented and refurbished and ephebic involvement in rites and festivals attested the close connection between religious and military activity.

Thesis (M.S.)--University of Texas at El Paso, 2008. / Title from title screen. Vita. CD-ROM. Includes bibliographical references. Also available online.