Göttingen, University, Diss., 2004. / Erscheinungsjahr an der Haupttitelstelle: 2003.

The fundamental theorem of projective geometry states that a mapping from a projective space to itself whose range has a sufficient number of points in general position is a projective transformation possibly combined with a self-homomorphism of the underlying field. We obtain generalisations of this in many directions, dealing with the case where the mapping is only defined on an open subset of the underlying space, or a subset of positive measure, and dealing with many different spaces over many different rings.

The fundamental theorem of projective geometry states that a mapping from a projective space to itself whose range has a sufficient number of points in general position is a projective transformation possibly combined with a self-homomorphism of the underlying field. We obtain generalisations of this in many directions, dealing with the case where the mapping is only defined on an open subset of the underlying space, or a subset of positive measure, and dealing with many different spaces over many different rings.

archives@tulane.edu / Let G be a connected reductive complex algebraic group. We study the inclusion posets of diagonal G-orbit closures in a product of two partial flag varieties. In this dissertation, we show some results for G=SL_n and G=SO_{2n}. If the diagonal action is of complexity zero, then the poset is a graded lattice. If the diagonal action is of complexity one, then the poset is isomorphic to one of a finite number of posets that we determine explicitly. / 1 / Tien Minh Le

La théorie des immeubles propose d'associer à certains groupes un espace topologique, appelé immeuble, sur lequel le groupe agit. Ceci permet de traduire les propriétés algébriques du groupe en des propriétés géométriques de l'immeuble, facilitant nombre de raisonnements. Les immeubles dits affines forment une famille importante d'immeubles, ils ont étés introduit par François Bruhat et Jacques Tits. Ils sont associés aux groupes réductifs sur des corps locaux et permettent notamment de caractériser leurs sous-groupes compacts. Le but premier de cette thèse est d'étendre la théorie de Bruhat et Tits à des groupes de Kac-Moody, qui sont une généralisation en dimension infinie des groupes réductifs. Nous essayerons donc, partant d'un tel groupe G sur un corps local de définir un espace topologique I aussi proche que possible d'un immeuble. Il semble impossible d'obtenir véritablement un immeuble affine, les espaces que nous trouverons seront appelés des "masures". Une méthode récurrente lors de ce travail sera d'isoler des sous-groupes de G, dits "paraboliques", qui sont de dimension finie, et auxquels la théorie de Bruhat et Tits s'applique donc. Ils disposent donc de véritables immeubles affines, et ceux-ci peuvent être vus comme un bord à l'infini de la masure. Dans le cas où G est un groupe réductif, la réunion de tous ces immeubles affines à l'infini fournit une compactification de l'immeuble de G appelé compactification polyédrique, ou de Satake. L'étude de cette compactification est l'objet d'une première partie de cette thèse.

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Given a finite Weyl group W_fin with root system Phi_fin, one can create the affine Weyl group W_aff by taking the semidirect product of the translation group associated to the coroot lattice for Phi_fin, with W_fin. The double affine Weyl semigroup W can be created by using a similar semidirect product where one replaces W_fin with W_aff and the coroot lattice with the Tits cone of W_aff. We classify cocovers and covers of a given element of W with respect to the Bruhat order, specifically when W is associated to a finite root system that is irreducible and simply laced. We show two approaches: one extending the work of Lam and Shimozono, and its strengthening by Milicevic, where cocovers are characterized in the affine case using the quantum Bruhat graph of W_fin, and another, which takes a more geometrical approach by using the length difference set defined by Muthiah and Orr. / Doctor of Philosophy / The Bruhat order is a way of organizing elements of the double affine Weyl semigroup so that we have a better understanding of how the elements interact. In this dissertation, we study the Bruhat order, specifically looking for when two elements are separated by exactly one step in the order. We classify these elements and show that there are only finitely many of them.

Le but de ce travail est d’étendre la théorie de Bruhat-Tits au cas des groupes de Kac-Moody sur des corps locaux. Il s’agit donc de définir un espace géométrique sur lequel un tel groupe agit, semblable à l’immeuble de Bruhat-Tits d’un groupe réductif. En fait, la première partie reste dans le cadre de la théorie de Bruhat-Tits puisqu’on y définit une famille de compactification des immeubles affines. C’est dans la seconde partie qu’en s’inspirant de la construction de la première, on aborde le cas des groupes de Kac-Moody. Les espaces obtenus ne vérifient pas toutes les conditions demandées à un immeuble, ils sont donc appelés des masures (bordées). / This work aims at generalizing Bruhat-Tits theory to Kac-Moody groups over local fields. We thus try to construct a geometric space on wich such a group will act, and wich will look like the Bruhat-Tits building of a reductive group. Actually, the first part stays in the field of Bruhat-Tits theory as it exposes a family of compactification of an ordinary affine building. It is in the second part that we move to Kac-Moody theory, using the first part as a guide. The spaces obtained do not satisfy all the requirement for a building,they will be called (bounded) hovels (”masures” in french).

[pt] Nesta tese introduzimos a noção de estrutura de Poisson fibrada em um fibrado localmente trivial. Isto é uma estrutura de Poisson no espaço total da fibração com condições naturais de compatibilidade com respeito as fibras e bases de Poisson dadas. Nosso resultado principal é uma receita para produzir estruturas de Poisson fibradas fora de apropriadas (pares de) ações de Poisson de grupos de Lie. Aplicamos este resultado para produzir estruturas de Poisson fibradas com fibra e base uma variedade tórica ou uma órbita coadjunta, aumentando assim a classe de variedades de Poisson compactas com um número finito de folhas simpléticas. / [en] In this thesis we introduce the notion of fibered Poisson structure on a locally trivial fiber bundle. This is a Poisson structure on the total space of the fibration with natural compatibility conditions with respect to the given Poisson base and fiber. Our main result is a recipe to produce fibered Poisson structures out of appropriate (pairs of) Poisson actions of Lie groups. We apply this result to produce fibered Poisson structures with fiber and base either a toric variety or a coadjoint orbit, thus enlarging the class of compact Poisson manifolds with a finite number of symplectic leaves.

[pt] A álgebra de Clifford é uma álgebra associativa que pode ser realizada matricialmente. O grupo Spin é uma superfície contida na álgebra de Clifford e fechada por multiplicação. Estudamos os geradores de tal grupo, assim como do grupo finito gerado pelos elementos agúdos e o grupo Quat, ambos grupos de matrizes e subconjuntos do grupo Spin. Uma permutação no grupo de permutações, pode ser expressa como uma palavra reduzida, por meio de geradores de Coxeter. Os mapas acute e grave nos fornecem elementos no grupo finito, já mencionado, gerado pelos elementos agúdos, a partir das palavras reduzidas de uma permutação. Um elemento da álgebra de Clifford pode ser escrito como uma combinação linear de elementos do grupo Quat, onde o coeficiente independente é conhecido como parte real. Estudamos resultados que relacionam as características de uma permutação no grupo de permutações, com o elemento a ela relacionado na álgebra de Clifford. / [en] The Clifford algebra is an associative algebra that can be constructed as an algebra of matrices. The group Spin is a surface contained in the Clifford algebra and closed by multiplication. We studied the generators of such group, as well as of the finite group contained in Spin and generated by the acute elements and the group Quat, both matrix groups and subsets of Spin. A permutation in the permutation group, can be expressed as a reduced word, using transpositions to define the family of Coxeter generators. The acute and grave maps provide us with elements in the finite group, already mentioned, generated by the acute elements, based on the reduced words of a permutation. An element of Clifford algebra can be written as a linear combination of elements in Quat, where the independent coefficient is known as the real part. We studied results that relate the characteristics of a permutation in the permutation group, with the element related to it in the Clifford algebra.